1/27BeijingOperaistheessence

ofour

couny,manypeopleunderstandtheoperamoreorless

.（精華）2/27First,weintroducethehistoryoftheBeijingOperaandthemeaningoftheBeijingOpera3/27

BeijingOperaisverypopularinChina.Ithasahistoryofmorethan200years.DuringthereignoftheQianlongemperorintheQingdynasty,Qianlonghadainterestinthelocalopera.In1790,tocelebratehiseightiethbirthday,hesummonedoperatroupes(戲班)fromdifferentplacestoperformforhiminBeijing.History4/27FourfamoustroupesfromAnhuiprovinceremainedinBeijingafterthecelebration.In1828,AHubeitroupecametoBeijingandoftenperformedtogetherwiththeAnhuitroupes.ThetwotypesofsingingmixedtogetherandgraduallyanewtypecameintobeingknownasBeijingOpera.

5/27BeijingOperaisacomprehensiveperformingarts.Thatis,sing(唱),read(念)anddo(作),fight(打),dance(舞)6/27TherearefourmainrolesinBeijingopera

7/278/279/2710/2711/27Next,weintroducetheBeijingOperatypesoffacialmakeupinoperas.12/27IntroductionBeijingOperafacialmasks,isspecialmakeupwithnationalcharacteristics.Aseachhistoricalfigureoracertaintypeofpersonhasanapproximatespectraltype,justlikesingingandplayingmusictothemusic,soitcanalsobecalled“typesoffacialmakeupinoperas”.13/27ColorsRed荊軻JINGKELoyaltyBraveryUprightness14/27ColorsBlackIntegrityBraveryReckless15/27ColorsBlue竇爾頓DouErdunManlyDeterminedStraightforward16/27ColorsWhite曹操CaoCaoTreacherousCunningSelf-willed17/27ColorsYellow典韋FierceBrutalCruel18/27Then,weintroducethefamouspeopleinthehistoryofBeijingOpera.19/27MeiLanfangisconsideredasoneofthegreatestartistsinthehistoryofBeijingOpera.

MeiLanfangisgoodatplayingtheroleofwomeninBeijingoperas,called“Dan”.20/27HewasbominBeijingin1894.Hisfamilywasverypoor.Whenhewasfour,hisfatherdied.Hewassupportedbyhisuncle.Attheageofeight,hebegantolearnBeijingOperafromWuLingxian.Hestudideveryhard.Atlasthemadegreatachievements.MeiLanfangvisitedAmericaandsomeothercountries.HemadefriendswithChaplin,thegreatestandfunniestactor.MeiLanfanglovedhiscountryverymuch.DuringtheperiodoftheWarofResistanceAgainstJapan,herefusedtoactfortheJapaneseinvaders.ThenameofMeiLanfangispopularamongChinese.Hewillberememberedforever.21/27Mei’smasterpieceplaysFarewellMyConcubine

(霸王別姬)TheDrunkenConcubine

(貴妃醉酒)Re-commandingtheArmy

(穆桂英掛帥)ScatteringFlowers

(天女散花)EternalRegret

(長恨歌)22/27Mei’sstagephotos23/27ShangxiaoyunisconsideredasoneofthegreatestartistsinthehistoryofBeijingOpera.HewasbominBeijingin1900.Whenhewas7,hebegantolearnBeijingOperafromSuenyiyunandChendelin.Hehasaresonantvoice.Hisfigureisappropriate.Hewasgoodatplayingthepartofvariousroles,suchaselderlymale,acrobatic-fighting,middle-sizedfemaleandsoon.24/27Finally,weintroducetheinfluenceoftheBeijingOpera.25/27Beijingopera,asoneofChinesemajortraditionaloperaforms,isregardedas“thenationalopera”ofChinaandwellreceivedallovertheworld.ItplaysalargeroleinChineseculture.

WidelyspreadingthroughoutChinawithextensiveinfluence,BeijingOperacontainthesoulofChinesenationalculture.ItsuniqueandattractingcharminspiresethosofChinesepeople.ThereisnodoubtthatitisliterallythetreasureofChineseculture.

Also,greatmastersofBeijingOperahasmadegreatdifference.TheirbehaviorhasshowntheChinesenationalcharacterspirit.ThemacroimpactisthatBeijingOperahasmadethepeo