答案見附錄

武漢大學(xué)

2016年攻讀博士學(xué)位研究生外語綜合水平考試試題

（滿分值100分）

科目名稱：英語科目代碼：1101

注意：所有的答題內(nèi)容必須寫在答題紙上，凡寫在試題或草稿紙上的一律無效?

PartIReadingComprehension（2分x20=40分）

Directions:Inthispartforthetest,therewillbe5passagesforyoutoread.Each

passageisfollowedby4questionsorunfinishedstatement,andeachquestionor

unfinishedstatementisfollowedbyfourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youareto

decideonthebestchoicebyblackeningthecorrespondingletterontheANSWER

SHEET

Passage1

MylastflighttoRomelandedatstupido'clockinthemorningsoIwasalmost

lookingforwardtogettingacupofhotcoffeefromtheflightcrew.Instead.Ioptedfor

holdingmyeyelidsupwithtwofingerssoIcouldfindthefirstcoflccshopinthe

airport.Coffeealwaystastesterribleonplanesandtherecouldbeasimple-and

disgusting—reasonwhy.

Acoupleofweeksago,anassortmentofairlineemployeesspilledsomeoftheir

industry'ssecretsinanAskRedditthread,andtwoofthemhadsomeunpleasantthings

tosayaboutthecoffeemakers.AusernamedMuddbutt7wrote:

“Sometimes,thevehiclethatfillsthepotablewaterforwashinghandsandmaking

coffeeisparkednexttothevehiclethatisusedtodumpthe[toilets]andfilltheblue

juiceforthelavatories.They'renotsupposedto.Sometimes,they,reparkedata

distancefromeachother,whichispolicy,yettheguywhoisfillingthewaterisusing

glovesthathehasn'tchangedinover2years.*'

WhileasecondusernamedWorsetoWorscradded:

“Thecoffeeisabsolutelydisgustingbecausenoonewashesthecontainerthatgoes

outeverymorning.Thestationagentswhogetpaidwaytoolittledon'tgivea

[expletive]aboutcleaningil.Icertainlydidn'twhenIworkedfbrAA.Also,becausewe

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weren'tgiventhepropersuppliestocleanit.Weprettymuchjustrinseditoutand

dumpedcoffeeintoit.”

Afterreadingthosesortofstomach-churningconfessions.IluffingtonPost

attemptedtodeterminehowtruethosestatementsare.AbbieUnger,aformerflight

attendant,toldthesite:

“Itistruethatthepotablewatertanksarenotcleaned.Buttheyarconlyfilledwith

potable(drinkable)water,soit'snotlikethereisoldcofice:nabigcontainer

somewhere.Thewaterdoesn'tmakeforanexcellentcupofcoftee,butit'snotunsafe.*'

Sobasically,thereasonthatcupofStarbucksduringyourDeltaflighttastesworse

thanthecupyouhadattheairportisbecauseofthewater,whichisapointthathasbeen

raisedpreviously.TheEnvironmentalProtectionAgencybeganinvestigatingthesafety

ofthewateronairplanesin2004,afterdiscoveringthat15%—or1.5outofevery10

planes—testedpositiveforcoliformbacteriainthedrinkingwater.

In2013,NBC5lookedintowhetherthosenumbershadimprovedanddiscovered

that12%ofplaneshadatleastonepositivetestforcoliforminwhatwasthenthe

EPA'smostrecentsurvey.AlthoughtheEPAsaidthattherehadnotbeenanycasesof

anyonegettingsickfromthewateronboardaplane,insidersstillssythatthetanks一

andthehosesthatarcusedtofillthem—canbeprettygross("prettygross"isahighly

scientificterm).

InaForbespiececalled“WhyAirlineCrewsSkiptheCoffeeandTeaOnBoard,“

formerUSAiremployeeJohnGogliawrote:

“ThirtyyearsagowhenIwasworkingfbrUSAir,wcbeganaprocesstobleachthe

watertanksthatholdthewaterandflushoutthesystem.Thiswasdoneonaregular

basis.Yet,itwascleartoanyoneworkingonthesetanksandtheirhosesthatalotof

sedimentwasaccumulatinginthesystem,sedimentthatwasakintopondscum.Even

afterthetankswerebleachedandflushed,somesedimentalwaysremained.”

Ofcourse,therecouldbeotherreasonswhythecofleetastessounpleasant.

Cornel!Universityscientistsbelievethattheloud,inescapablesoundofcabinnoisecan

affectthewaywebothperceiveandtastefoodsduringflight.Eitherway,wemightjust

stickwithcofieeservedatgroundlevelfromnowon.

科目名稱：英語第2頁共15頁

I.Whatattitudesdidtheauthorhavetowardsthecoffeeonplanesaccordingtothe

passage?

A.longingB.negativeC.indifferentD.melancholy

2.isbasicallythecauseoftheterriblecofieetasteonplanes.

A.Theunwashedcontainerthatgoesouteverymorning

B.ITieunchangedglovesofthecrewmember

C.Thewaterusedformakingcoffee

D.Theimpropersupp.iesusedtocleanthecontainer

3.Accordingtothecontext,whatpossiblyistheChinesemeaningoftheword

“coliform"inParagraph9?

A.大腸菌B.幽門螺桿菌C.沙門氏曲D.曲狀桿菌

4.WhichofthefollowingisINCORRECTaccordingtoUSAiremployeeJohn

Goglia?

A.Therewasaregularprocesstobleachthewatertanksandfltshouttliesystem.

B.Alotofsedimentwasaccumulatinginthetanksandtheirhoses.

C.Noneofthesedimentremainedaftercleaning.

D.Sedimentwassimilartopondscum.

Passage2

ResearchershavecreatedmalemicewithnotraceofaYchromosome,supposedly

thedefininghallmarkofbeingmale.

ReproductivebiologistMonikaWardoftheUniversityofHawaiiinHonoluluand

colleaguesstartedwithmicethathaveonlyoneXchromosome(andnosecondsex

chromosome).Normallythoseanimalswoulddevelopasfemales.Butwhenthe

researchersmanipulatedgenesfoundontheXandanotherchromosome,themice

becamemalesthatcnuldproduceimmaturesperm.Thoseengineeredmalesfathered

offspringwithreproductiveassistancefromtheresearchers,whoinjectedtheimmature

spermintoeggs,WardandcolleaguesreportintheJan.29Science.

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Theexperimentsdemonstratethattherearemultiplewaystomakemales,says

RichardBehringer,adevelopmentalgeneticistatMDAndersonCancerCenterin

Houston."They'vedoneitwithoutanyYchromosomegeneinformation,Mhesays.

“There'snotevenasniffoftheYaround.”

Alfirstglance,theexperimentswouldseemtosuggestYchromosomesaren't

necessaryforreproduction,whichhintsthatevolutionmayeventuallyshowY'sthe

door."TomeitisaparadigmofthedeclineandfalloftheYchromosome,**says

reproductivebiologistJenniferMarshallGravesofLai'robcUniversityinMelbourne,

Australia.

ButWardandetherresearcherssaytheYisn'tgoinganywhereandthat

interpretingthenewresultsasthechromosome'sdeathknelliswrong.Becausethe

Y-lessmalesneededhelptoreproduce,''clearlyweneedtheYchromosomeforfull

naturalmalereproduction,“saysMaryAnnHandel,areproductivebiologistatthe

JacksonLaboratoryinBarIlarbor.Maine.

WardandcolleagueshadpreviouslyshownthattwoYchromosomegenes-Sry

andEif2s3y-arecrucialformalemousedevelopment.Sryisamastergenethatturns

onmaledevelopmentalprogramminginearlyembryos.ItturnsonagenecalledSox9,

whichthensetsoffabiochemicalchainreactionthatleadstomaledevelopment.

Butinthenewexperiments,theresearchersturnedonSox9throughothermeans.

ActivatingSox9inageneticallyfemaleembryowillcauseittodevelopasamale,Ward

andcolleaguesfound.Butthosemalesdidn'tmakesperm."Thetesteswereempty,“

saysWard.

Inordertoproducesperm,miceneedtheEif2s3ygene,theresearchershad

previouslydiscovered.Inthenewexperiment,themiceweremissingthegenebecause

theydidn,thaveYchromosomes.SoresearcherssubstitutedasimilargenefromtheX

chromosomecalledEif2s3x.OnlyonecopyoftheYversionisneededtomake

immature,taillesssperm,butittakesatleastfivecopiesoftheXversiontodothesame

thing.4,ThisindicatesthattheYchromosomegeneisthestrongone,“saysWard.

HerresearchsuggeststhattheYchromosomehasoptimizedproductionfrom

genesthatarcnecessaryformakingmales.Makingjusttherightdoseofmale

developmentfactorsishowtheYproiectsitselffromevolutionaryerasure.Wardsays.

科目名稱，英語第4頁共15頁

“Ourworkdoesnotsupportthat(heYchromosomewilldisappear.M

Gravesdisagrees.Ward,sworkis“alovelyexampleofhowyoucanloseevena

reallyimportantgeneJshesays.Atleasttwospeciesofrodentshavealreadyjettisoned

theirYchromosomesentirely.Primates,includinghumans,don'thaveEif2s3ygenes

ontheirYchromosomes.Thenewworkmayhelpexplainhowprimatesgetalong

withoutthegene,Gravessuggests,andtheresearchmay“giveususefulinformation

aboutwhathappensattheendofthelifeoftheYchromosome.M

5.WhichofthefollowingisCORRECTaccordingtothepassage?

A.MicewilhonlyoneXchromosomewoulddevelopasfemalesnormally.

B.Ychromosomeisdefinitelythehallmarkofbeingmale.

C.Thoseengineeredmalemicecannotfatheroffspringevenwithreproductive

assistance.

D.Thereisonlyonewaytomakemalemicefromrelevantexperimentsinthe

UniversityofHawaii.

6.WhyisEifls3Ygenecrucialformalemousedevelopment?

A.Itisairastcrgenethatturnsonmaledevelopmentalprogramminginearly

embryos.,.

B.Itsetsoffabiochemicalchainreactionthatleadsiomaledevelopment.

C.Miceneedittoproducesperm.

D.Miceneedittodeveloptestes.

7.VhichofthefollowingisINCORRECTaccordingtothepassage?

A.AtleasttwospeciesofrodentshavejettisonedtheirYchromosomescompletely.

B.Eif2s3X,agenefromtheYchromosome,issimilarwithEif2s3y.

C.Ychromosomehasoptimizedproductionfromgenesnecessaryformaking

males.

D.Humansdon'thaveEif2s3ygenesontheirYchromosomes.

8.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthispassage?

A.MiceCanBeMaleWithoutYChromosome

B.TheArtificialReproductionofMice

科目名梓：英語第5災(zāi)共15頁

C.TheMysteriousYChromosomeinMice

D.TheMaleandFemaleMice

Passage3

“AHARMLESSdrudge."OfthedefinitionsinSamuelJohnson'sgreatEnglish

dictionaryof1755,thatof“l(fā)exicographer”,hisowncalling,isthemostfamous,an

exampleofthesamewitthatledhimtodefine“oats"as“agrain,whichinEnglandis

generallygiventohorses,butinScotlandsupportsthepeople.''

Whynamealanguagecolumnafteraharmlessdrudge?BecauseJohnson,despite

thedrudgery,knewthatl&nguagewasnotharmless.Itspowertoinformandtolead

astray,toentertainandtoannoy,tobuildco-opcrationordestroyareputation,makes

languageseriousstuff.TheEconomist's"Johnson“columnbeganin1992andwaslater

revivedonline.Thisweekitreturnstotheprintedition,andhenceforthwillappear

fortnightly.

Manyofthetopicstackledarefun:swearingandslang,preferencesandpeeves.

Somearemorefundamental.Languagerevealsalotabouthumannature:howpeople

reasondifferentlyinaforeignlanguage,ortowhatextentdifterentlanguagesencodea

worldview,arcsomeofthemostexcitingandcontroversialtopicsinlinguistic

research.

Peoplecareintenselyabouttheirlanguage,andsolanguagesinthewiderworld

sometimescomeintoconflict.TheperceivedarroganceofCastilianstoCatalan

threatenstosunderSpain;'languagepolice',inQuebectellrestauran:ownerstochange

“pasta”and?,grilledcheese'topatesandfromagefondant.Attheextreme,thepassage

ofalawdowngradingRussianinUkrainehelpedsparkwarinthatcountry;Vladimir

PutinhasuseditasevidencethatUkrainiannationalistsarebentonwipingoutRussian

culturethere.Thewarhasmmbledonsince,withlanguagethemostobvioussymbolof

wideridentityandsympathy.

SotheJohnsoncolumntreatstopicslightandheavyaswellaslanguageboth

Englishandinternational.Alanguagecolumnisexpectedtotacklequestionsofright

andwrong.Therearcroughlytwoviewsofhowtodothis:onetep-down,basedon

authority,prestige,writingandstability;onebottom-up.restingonhowmostpeople

actuallyusethelanguage,andopentochange.

Thetwoschoolsofthought,knownas“prescriptivism”(whichsetsdownhowthe

科日名將：英語第6列共15頁

languageshouldbe)and“descriptivism”(whichtellshowitis),haveoftenbeenat

daggersdrawn:Englishteachersandsomeusage-bookwritersononeside,and

academiclinguists,lexicographersandotherusage-bookwritersontheother.Inthe

caricature,prescriptivistsareauthoritarianswiththeirheadsinthesand,insistingon

Victorian-eranon-rules.Thedescriptivistsaremockedas“anything-is-correct”,

embracingeveryfad,eventhatShakespeareshouldbetaughtintext-message-speak.

Anintellectualwritingforaneliteaudience,SamuelJohnsondidnotshyaway

from''right'"and"wrong”,even“barbarity","depravity”and"corruption”,inmattersof

language.Buthedeclaredhistaskwasnotto“tOrm”butto'?register"(thatis,describe)

,helanguage;tryingtostopchangewasliketryingto“l(fā)ashthewind”.Aboveall,his

yearsofdrudgingatthedictionaryhadtaughthimhumility:heknewhewassureto

commit“afewwildblunders,andrisibleabsurdities,fromwh.chnoworkofsuch

multiplicitywaseverfree**.

Prescribingisnotreallytheoppositeofdescribing.LexicographersfromJohnson's

dayonmustdescribethelanguage,groundingtheirdefinitionsinreallivingEnglish.

Butthatisinordertogivestrongerrootstoabooktheyknowpeoplewilluseforfirm

guidance.Academiclinguists,thearch-descriptivists.areperfectlywillingtocallsome

usageswrongandothersplainugly.

9.WhichofthefollowingisINCORRECTaboutSamuelJohnsonaccordingtothe

passage?

A.SamuelJohnsononcecompiledagreatEnglishdictionary.

B.SamuelJohnsondcGnedoatsasagrainwhichisgenerallygiventohorsesin

EnglandbutsupportsthepeopleinScotland.

C.SamuelJohnsondefinedlexicographerasaharmlessdrudge.

D.SamuelJohnsonknewthatlanguagewasharmless.

10.Whyislanguageseriousstuffaccordingtothepassage?

A.Ithaspowertoinformandtoleadastray.

B.Ithaspowertoentertainandtoannoy.

C.Ithaspowertobuildcooperationordestroyareputation.

D.Alloftheabove.

科目名林：英語笫7負(fù)共15頁

II.FromPara4,theauthorhaslistedtheconflictscausedbylanguageinthefollowing

countriesEXCEPT_.

A.UkraineB.CanadaC.QuebecDSpain

12.WhichofthefollowingisNOTMENTIONEDinthepassage?

A.TheEconomist's"Johnson“columnbegunin1992treatsdifierenttopicsin

dittcrcntlanguages.

B.Bothprescriptivistsanddescriptivistsaremockedintheacademicarticles.

C.Tryingtostopchangeinlanguagewasliketryingto“l(fā)ashthewind”.

D.LexicographersfromJohnson'sdayonmustgroundtheirdefinitionsinrealliving

English.

Passage4

Theweightofplasticwastecloggingtheworld'soceansthreaterstoexceedallfish

by2050iftheworld'sseeminglyinsatiableappetiteforthematerialcontinuesatthe

currentexplosiverate,warnedanewreportpresentedonTuesday.

Infact,accordingtothestudybytheEllenMacArthurFoundationalongwiththe

WorldEconomicForum,“plasticsproductionhassurgedoverthepast50years,from

15milliontonnesin1964to311milliontonnesin2014,andisexpec.cdtodoubleagain

overthenext20years.^^

Thestudy-TheNewPlasticsEconomy:Rethinkingthefutureof

plastics—introducedattheopeningdayoftheWEF'sannualsummitinDavos.

Switzerlandisthefirstofitskindtocomprehensivelyassessglobalplasticpackaging

flows.Ihereportmakesaneconomiccasefbrwhatitcallsthe“NewPlastics

Economy,Mdescribedas“anewapproachbasedoncreatingeffectiveaiter-use

pathwaysfbrplastics;drasticallyreducingleakageofplasticsintonaturalsystems,in

particular(Keans;anddecouplingplasticsfromfossilfeedstocks.''

Amongthefindings,v/hicharebasedoninteniewswithover180expertsandon

analysisofover200reports,thestudyestimatesthatroughly8milliontonnesofplastics

leakintotheoceaneachyear-**whichisequivalenttodumpingthecontentsofone

garbagetruckintotheoccar.everyminute."Thisamountisexpectedtodoubleby2030.

”】nabusiness-as-usualscenario,theoceanisexpectedtocontain1tonneofplastic

forevery3tonnesoffishby2025,andby2050,moreplasticsthanfish(byweight),“

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thereportcontinues.

What'smore,thereportestimatesthatonly14percentofplasticpackagingis

collectedfbrrecyclingandevenlesslorplasticsingeneral.Aftersorting,only5percent

isultimatelyretainedfbrsubsequentuse,whichisfarbelowglobalrecyclingratesfbr

paper(58percent)andironandsteel(7090percent).

Further,thereportexaminesthecarbonimpactofplasticsproduction,giventhat

over90percentarcderivedfromVirginfossilfeedstocks/,Plasticsproduction

representsroughly6percentofglobaloilconsumptionand“Ifihccurrentstronggrowth

ofplasticsusagecontinuesasexpected,theplasticssectorwillaccountlor20%oftotal

oilconsumptionand15%oftheglobalannualcarbonbudgetby2050.”

Thereportarguesthatsingle-useplastics,andplasticpackagingspecifically,

representsanetlossfbrtheeconomy,asitslimitedvalueisoutweighedbythese

negativeimpacts.Itstates:

Afterashortfirst-usecycle,95%ofplasticpackagingmaterialvalue,orUSD

80-120billionannually,islosttotheeconomy.Astaggering32%ofplasticpackaging

escapescollectionsystems,generatingsignificanteconomiccostsbyreducingthe

productivityofvitalnaturalsystemssuchastheoceanandcloggingurban

infrastructureThecostofsuchafter-useexternalitiesforplasticpackaging,plusthe

costassociatedwithgreenhousegasemissionsfromitsproduction,isexceedingthe

plasticpackagingindustry'sprofitpool.

“Linearmodelsofproductionandconsumptionareincreasinglychallengedbythe

contextwithinwhichtheyoperate,andthfsisparticularlytrueforhigh-volume,

low-valuematerialssuchasplasticpackaging/'saidEllenMacArthur,anaccomplished

Britishyachtswomanturnedfoundationchair.

Theresearchersconcludethatinordertogetclosertothegoalofa“circular

economy”-where“consumptionhappensonlyineffectivebio-cycics;elsewhereuse

replacesconsumption”-boththepublicandprivatesectormustworktowardsthegoal

ofcreatingplasticsthatcanbebothrecycledandcomposted.

13.WhichofthefollowingisCORRECTaboutNewPlasticsEconomyaccordingtothe

passage?

A.Itisanapproachbasedoncreatingevasiveaftcr-usepathwaysforplastics.

B.Itisanapproachreducingleakageofplasticsintonaturalsystems,inparticular

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lands.

C.Itisanapproachdecouplingplasticsfromironfeedstocks.

I).ItcomesfromastudyintroducedattheopeningdayoftheWEFsannualsummit

inDavos.Switzerland.

14.AllEXCEPT_____canbefoundfromthefindingsofTheNewPlastics

Economy.

A.Itisestimatedthatabout8milliontonnesofplasticsleakintotheoceaneachyear.

B.Plasticsproductionrepresentsroughly6percentofglobaloilconsumption.

C.Plasticsproductionwillbe311milliontonnesandaccountfbr20%oftotaloil

consumptionby2050.

D.ITieoceanisexpectedtocontain1tonneofplasticfbrevery3tonnesoffishby

2025inabusiness-as-usualscenario.

15.WhichofthefollowingisINCORRECTaccordingtothepassage?

A.Only14percentoftheplasticpackagingisultimatelyretainedfbrsubsequentuse

aftersorting.

B.Theglobalrecyclingratesfbrpaperare58%.

C.32%ofplasticpackaginggetsawayfromcollectionsystems,generating

significanteconomiccosts.

D.95%ofplasticpackagingmaterialvalueislosttotheeconomyafterashort

first-usecycle.

16.Howtogetclosertothegoalofcirculareconomyaccordingtotheresearchers?

A.Tomakealinearmodelofproductionandconsumptionofhigh-volume,

low-valueplasticpackaging.

B.Tomakethepublicandprivatesectorworktogethertocreateplasticsthatcanbe

bothrecycledandcomposted.

C.Tomakeusereplaceconsumptionwhenrequired.

D.Tomakeconsumptionhappeninsustainablebio-cycles.

Passage5

AdvancesinthecampaignagainsttheIslamicStateinSyriaandIraqareforcing

山cextremiststoabandonterritorythere,generatingsneemsihat(heyarecarvingouta

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newstrongholdinoii-richLibya,SecretaryofStateJohnF.KerrysaidTuesday.

“Aseverybodyhereknows,thatcountryhasresources,MKerrysaidataconference

of23foreignministersfromnationsthatformthecoreofacoalitionfightingthe

IslamicState."Thelastthingintheworldyou'dwantisafalsecaliphatewithaccessto

billionsofdollarsinoilrevenue.”

Inajointstatement,bothKerryandItalianforeignministerPaoloGentiloni

expressedconcernoverthe''growinginfluence0ofIslamicStateinLibya.1heyvowed

to''continuetomonitorcloselydevelopmentsthere,andstandreadytosupportthe

GovernmentofNationalAccordinitseffortstoestablishpeaceandsecurityforthe

Libyanpeople.”

KerryruledoutmilitaryinlerveniioninLibyabytheUnitedStatesinthenear

future.Buthesaidthatcouldchangeiftherewere“someturnofevents,likeweaponsof

massdestructionendingupinthehandsofthewrongpeople."

Libyahasbeeninastateofchaossince2011whenlongtimedictatorMoammar

Gaddafiwasousted.Twerivalgovernmentssubsequentlyemerged,andcontinuing

conflicthasfoiledeffortstoestablishaunitedLibyangovernment.

ThoughtheemergingthreatinLibyacommandedmuchofthediplomats,

attention,thesituationinSyriaremainstroublesome.SuccessinpushingIslamicState

fightersoutofanestimated40percentofterritorytheycontrolledinIraqand20percent

to30percentofthelandtheyheldinSyriahascreateditsownsetofurgentproblems.

Fleeingfightersoftenbooby-traphomesanddemolishbuildings,whichthenneed

tobeclearedandrebuiltbeforeresidentscanreturn.Kerryurgedhisfellowforeign

ministerstodonatemoremoneytoastabilizationhindfbrrebuildingandrestoring

servicesinthoseareas.

NowthatU.N.-backedSyriapeacetalksaimedatendingthewarhavestartedin

Geneva,KerrycalledonRussiatostopbombingoppositionfightersandtheSyrian

governmenttogranthumanitarianaccesstobesiegedtowns.

Withtheonsetofpeacetalks,acease-fireshouldfollowshortly,hesaid.

“Wearealihetable,andweexpeclacease-fire,“hesaid."Andweexpccl

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adherencetothecease-fire,andweexpectfullhumanitarianaccess.*'

InGeneva,whereU.N.envoyStaffandeMisturaonMondaydeclaredtheofficial

openingoftalksbetweentheSyriangovernmentandopposition,bothsidessaidthatas

farastheywereconcerned,negotiationshadnotyetbegun.

Inastatemenl.theoppositiondelegationsaidSyrianrebelsarcfacing**amassive

accelerationofRussianandregimemilitaryaggression...includingattacksonhospitals

andcriticalinfrastructure',nearthecitiesofAleppoandHomsoverthepasttwodays.

TheSyriangovernmentdelegationaccusedtheoppositionofactinglike"amateurs

andnotprofessionalpoliticians."Syria'sUnitedNationsambassador,BasharJaalari,

representingSyrianPresidentBasharal-Assad,saidhissidechallengedtheparticipation

oftwoterrorist“groupsintheoppositiondelegation,accordingtothestate-runSyrian

ArabNewsAgency.

TheObamaadministrationiseagerforthepeacetalkstobeginandhaspressured

theoppositiontoparticipate.Oppositionrepresentativeshavesaidtheagreed-uponrules

forthenegotiations,inaU.N.resolution,callforanendtobombardmentsand

governmentsiegesofcivilianareas,aswellasthereleaseofprisoners.

RussianForeignMinistarSergeiIavrnvtoldreporterstherethathisgovernment

consideredmembersofJaishal-IslamandAhraral-Shamtobeparticipatinginthe

oppositiondelegationintheir“personalcapacity*'ratherthanasofficialrepresentatives.

LavrovalsosaidthatheconsidersittheresponsibilityoftheUnitedStates,asleaderof

thecoalitionagainsttheIslamicStateinSyriaandIraq,topreventconflictamongthe

variousparticipantsoperatingstrikeaircraftoverthosecountries.

17.BothKerryandPaoloGentiloniagreeduponthefbllowngEXCEPT_____.

A.ContinuingtomonitorcloselythedevelopmentsinLibya

B.BeingreadytosupporttheGovernmentofNationalAccordinestablishing

peaceandsecurityfortheLibyanpeople

C.Immediatemiiitar)1interventioninLibya

D.ConcernoverthegrowinginfluenceofIslamicstateinLibya

18.WhichofthefollowingisINCORRECTaccordingtothepassage?

科目名稱：英語笫12頁共15頁

A.TheextremistsinLibyaarcforcedtoabandontheirterritorj'inSyriaandIraq.

B.AccordingtoKerry,thelastthingAmericawantsisafalsecaliphatewith

accesstobillionsofdollarsinoilrevenueinLibya.

C.AunitedLibyar.governmenthasbeensuccessfullyestablished.

D.LongtimedictatorMoammarGaddafiwasoustedin2011.

19.WhaididKerryurgehisfellowforeignministerstodo?

A.TopushIslamicStatefightersoutofapproximate40percentofterritorythey

controlledinIraq.

B.Todonatemoremoneytoastabilizationfundforrebuildingandrestoring

servicesdestroyedbyfleeingfighters.

C.TodriveIslamicStatefightersoutofthelandtheyheldinSyriaandadhereto

theceasefire.

D.Tostopbombingoppositionfightersandgranthumanitarianaccesstobesieged

towns.

20.WhatdidtheSyriagovernmentdelegationaccusetheoppositionof?

A.Performinglikeamateursandnotprofessionalpoliticians.

B.Accelerating