三模前閱讀理解專題練08

題組

A

Top4MotivationalBooks

Whetheryou'relookingfbragraduationgiftidea,oryou'rehopingtohelpyourteenmakebetterchoices,a

motivationalbookmightbetheanswer.

WhoMovedMyCheese?forTeensHelpYourselffor

WhoMovedMyCheese?hasbeenalifechangingTeens:Real-LifeAdviceforReal-LifeChallenges

bookformanyadults.TheteenversionwillsurelyWrittenbyDavePelzer,the#1NewYorkTimes

createpositivechangeintheirlivesaswell.bestsellingauthorofAChildCalled“It”,thisbookisa

Adolescenceisfilledwithchangeanduncertainty'partself-helpbookandpartinspirationalmemoir/

andthisbookfocusesontheskillsneededtoadaptandPelzershowsteenshowtheycanovercomewhatever

developincreasedresilience.challengestheyfaceinlife.

TheCode:TheFiveSecretsofTeenSuccessThe7HabitsofHighlyEffectiveTeens

Theauthor,MawiAsgedom,grewupduringacivilSeanCovey,sonoftheauthorofThe7HabitsofHighly

warinEthiopia.HeovercameadversityandwasEffectivePeople,providesateen-friendlyversionofthis

awardedascholarshiptoHarvard.Inthisquickread,classicbook.Helpingyourteendevelopthesehabitsat

yourteenwilllearnvaluablelessonsonresilience.anearlyagewillsethimupforfuturesuccessinlife.

【語篇簡析】本文為說明文。短文介紹了四本為青少年準備的書。

56.Whoisthepassageintendedfor?

A.Parents.B.Teachers.C.Teenagers.D.Graduates.

【答案】C

【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章標題Top4MotivationalBooksforTeens可知這篇文章是為青少年準備的。

故選C。

57.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtotheintroductionsofthefourbooks?

A.WhoMovedMyCheese?forTeensappealstoadultsandteenagersalike.

B.HelpYourselfforTeens:Real-LifeAdviceforReal-LifeChallengesisthe#1NewYorkTimesbestseller.

C.TheCode:TheFiveSecretsofTeenSuccesstouchesonachievingacademicsuccessagainstabackgroundof

militaryconflict.

D.The7HabitsofHighlyEffectivePeopleiswrittenbySeanCoveywiththehelpfromhisfather.

【答案】A

【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)WhoMovedMyCheese?forTeensWhoMovedMyCheese?hasbeenalife

changingbookformanyadults.Theteenversionwillsurelycreatepositivechangeintheirlivesas

well.可知,WhoMovedMyCheese?對成年人和青少年都有同樣的吸引力。故選C。

B

“Beafraid.Beveryafraid,saysacharacterinTheFly,ahorrorfilmaboutamanwhoturnsintoanenormous

insect.Itcapturestheuneaseanddisgustpeopleoftenfeelforthekingdomofcockroaches,Zika-carrying

mosquitoesandcreepycrawliesofallkinds.However,ecologistsincreasinglyseetheinsectworldassomethingto

befrightenedfor,notfrightenedof.Inthepasttwoyears,scoresofscientificstudieshavesuggestedthattrillionsof

murmuring,droning,honeybees,butterfliesandbeetlesaredyingoff."Ifallmankindweretodisappear”,wrote

E.O.Wilson,arespectableentomologist,<6theworldwouldregenerate...Ifinsectsweretovanish,theenvironment

wouldcollapseintochaos.^^

Mostofthestudiesdescribedeclinesof50%andmoreoverdecadesindifferentmeasuresofinsecthealth.The

immediatereactionisshock.Insectsenableplantstoreproduce,throughpollinalion（授粉），andarefoodforother

animals,soacollapseintheirnumberswouldbecatastrophic.

Butasecondlookleadstoadifferentassessment.Ratherthancausingapanic,thestudiesshouldactasa

timelywarningandareasontotakeprecautions.Thatisbecausetheworstfearsareunproven.Therearenostudies

atallofwildinsectnumbersinmostoftheworld.Reliabledataaretooscarcetodeclareaglobalemergency.

Moreover,wheretheevidencedoesshowacollapse—inEuropeandAmerica-agriculturalandrural

ecosystemsareholdingup.Farmproductionstillremainshigh.Assomeinsectspeciesdieout,othersseemtobe

movingintotheniches（生態(tài)位）theyhaveleft,keepingecosystemsgoing,althoughwithlessbiodiversitythan

before.Itishardtoarguethatinsectdeclineisyetcausingsignificanteconomicdamage.

Buttherearecomplications.Agriculturalproductivityisnottheonlymeasureofenvironmentalhealth.

Animalshavevalue,independentofanydirecteconomiccontributiontheymaymake.Themorespeciesmakeup

anecosystem,themorestableitislikelytobe.Theextinctionofafewinsectspeciesamongsomanymightnot

makeabigdifference.Thelossofhundredsofthousandswould.

Andthescaleoftheobserveddeclineraisesdoubtsabouthowlongecosystemscanremainresilient（能復原

的）.Anexperimentinwhichresearchersgraduallypulledoutinsectpollinatorsfromfieldsfoundthatplant

diversityheldupwelluntilabout90%ofinsectshadbeenremoved.Thenitcollapsed.Giventhelackofdata,itis

impossibletoknowhowcloseEuropeandAmericaaretoanecosystemcollapse.Butitwouldberecklesstofind

outbyactuallytriggeringone.

【語篇簡析】這是一篇說明文。短文說明了昆蟲危機還沒迫在眉睫，但是需要采取預防措施。否則后果不堪

設(shè)想。

58.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthefirstparagraphimply?

A.Ecologistshavelongbeenafraidofthosedisgustinginsects.

B.Ecologistsareworriedaboutthedisappearanceofsomeinsects.

C.Ecologistshavealreadygotridoftheprejudicedfeelingaboutinsects.

D.Ecologistsarerespectfuloftheinsecfsabilitytoregeneratethemselves.

【答案】B

【解析】推理判斷題。由第二段“However,ecologistsincreasinglyseetheinsectworldassomethingtobe

frightenedfor,notfrightenedof.Inthepasttwoyears,scoresofscientificstudieshavesuggestedthat

trillionsofmurmuring,droning,honeybees,butterfliesandbeetlesaredyingoff."Ifallmankindwere

todisappear”,wroteE.O.Wilson,arespectableentomologist,utheworldwouldregenerate...Ifinsects

weretovanish,theenvironmentwouldcollapseintochaos”可知，然而，生態(tài)學家越來越多地把昆蟲世

界看作是應該警惕的東西，而不是可怕的東西。在過去的兩年里,大量的科學研究表明，數(shù)以萬億計

的嗡嗡低語的蜜蜂、蝴蝶、石蛾、豆娘（一種蜻蜓）和甲蟲正在消失。如果所有的人類都消失了,”

昆蟲學家元老日0?威爾遜（E.O.Wilson）寫道，“世界還會再生……但如果昆蟲消失了,環(huán)境就會陷入

混亂”。所以通過E?O?威爾遜所說的話可以判斷出，第一段中帶下劃線的句子暗示出，生態(tài)學家擔

心一些昆蟲的消失。故B選項正確。

59.Whatconclusioncanwedrawfromthestudiesconductedinthepast2years?

A.Thoughthereisadeclineinthenumberofinsects,westillhavethereasontobeoptimistic.

B.Biodiversitycancauseimmediatedamagesothatweshouldtakeprecautionsrightaway.

C.Datacollectedfromallovertheworldisconvincingtoproveourenvironmentisatrisk.

D.Theconsequenceofdecreasingbiodiversitymaybemoreseriousthanwecanimagine.

【答案】D

（解析】推理判斷題。由第三段“ThatisbecausetheworstfearsareunprovenoTherearenostudiesatallofwild

insectnumbersinmostoftheworld.”可知,這是因為最糟糕的恐懼還沒有得到證實。目前世界上大

部分地區(qū)對野生昆蟲的數(shù)量還沒有研究。所以由關(guān)鍵詞“theworstfears,unproven,nostudies”進行

反向推理，可以判斷如果世界上大部分地區(qū)對野生昆蟲的數(shù)量有研究的話,最糟糕的恐懼就會得

到證實。故我們能從過去兩年的研究中得出結(jié)論：生物多樣性減少的后果可能比我們想象的更

為嚴重。故D選項正確。

60.Whatisthepurposeofwritingthepassage?

A.Toshowthemagicalpowerofourmothernature.

B.Toanalyzewhyinsectsareontheedgeofextinction.

C.Todrawpeople'sattentiontothedecreasinginsects.

D.Tourgethescientiststocollectmoredataaboutinsects.

【答案】C

【解析】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，短文說明了昆蟲危機還沒迫在眉睫，但是需要預防措施。昆蟲是生態(tài)

系統(tǒng)健康的指標。他們的衰落是一個警告，提醒我們要注意這一點，否則一切都太晚了。所以寫這

篇文章的目的是引起人們對正在減少的昆蟲的注意。故C選項正確。

C

TheadventofwarmweatherhereinMainecallsforaseasonalritualthat,forme,putsanendto

winter—fetchingthewoodenscreendoor.

NotethatIwrote“wooden”.Thealuminummodelsjustwon'tdoit-theyclosetooneatlyandkeeptheir

perfectformfordecades.Inthe1960s,atimeofimperfection,therewasnoperfecthouse,noperfectcar,noperfect

kidsorparents.Whyshouldascreendoorbeanexception?

Igrewupwithmysiblingsinaworking-classneighborhoodinNewJersey.Whenthewarmweatherarrived,

mydadwouldpulloutthewoodenscreendoorandinstallitoverthebackdoor,whichcouldthenbeleftwideopen,

admittingarefreshingbreeze(wehadnoairconditioning).

MyfatherwasaMr.Fix-it,sokeepingthescreendoorserviceablewasoneofhishobbies.Everyfewyearshe

gaveitafreshcoatofpaintandfixeditabit.Idistinctlyrememberhimputtingthelastscrewinthelasthinge（較

鏈）,andswingingthedoorshutwitha“crack!”

Agood,woodenscreendoor,unsightlyasitwas,hadaninvaluablefunctionintheageofthestay-at-home

mom:Italertedhertothecomingandgoingofthekids.Mysiblings,andmyfriendsraninandoutofthehouse,

tearingthescreendooropenandlettingitslapshutbehindus.Ahundredtimesaday.Itwasallgood,andmymom

nevercomplainedaboutthenoise,becausethatwasthepurposeofawoodenscreendoor—toslamshutandthereby

announcethatherchildrenwerewithinearshot.

Severalyearsago,inafitofnostalgia（懷舊）,Iwentshoppingforawoodenscreendoor.Iwasdisappointedin

thechoicesavailable.Theylookedabittoosolid,toowellmade.ButIfoundoneonline,andwithinaweekitwas

deliveredtomydoorstep.

Thefirmhadsentmeonewiththewrongdimensions,soIaskedmycaipentertomakethenecessary

adjustments.Ozzieworkedawayatitforacoupleofhoursuntilhegotittositneatlyinitsframe.Igaveitatest:I

pulleditopenandletgo.Itclosedinalazyfashion.t6Notgood,^^Ipronounced."Pleaseremovetheautomaticdoor

closerandadjustthedoorsoitswingsshutwithagoodcrack.”

Ozziewentabouthisworkandashortwhilelaterthetaskwasdone.Thedoorwasuneveninitsframe,and

thescreennolongerlayflat.ButwhenIpulledopenthedoorandreleasedit,thethingclappedshutlikearifleshot.

“Whatdoyouthink?^^Iasked."Itlookslikehell,^^saidOzzie."Butitsoundslikeheaven,Isaid.AndI,beingthe

ownerofthedoor-andthememory-hadthefinalword.

【語篇簡析】這是一篇記敘文。作者很是懷念兒時夏天的木制紗門，所以為r找回那段回憶，特意定制了一扇

能在關(guān)閉時發(fā)出啪的?聲響的木制紗門，作者很喜歡這扇木制紗門，因為木制紗門對作者來說

意味著夏天的記憶。

61.Whatparticularfunctiondidthewoodenscreendoorperforminthewriter'schildhood?

A.Itfunctionedasanairconditionerinsummer.

B.Ithelpedsharpenhisfather'srepairingskills.

C.Itwasmorelikeatoythatkidsoftenplayedwith.

D.ItmadeMomawarethatthekidswerecloseby.

【答案】D

【解析】推理判斷題。由第四段“Agood,woodenscreendoor,unsightlyasitwas,hadaninvaluablefunctionin

theageofthestay-at-homemom:Italertedhertothecomingandgoingofthekids.Ahundredtimesa

day.Itwasallgood,andmymomnevercomplainedaboutthenoise,becausethatwasthepurposeofa

woodenscreendoor-toslamshutandtherebyannouncethatherchildrenwerewithinearshot.“可知,

一扇質(zhì)量很好的木制紗門，雖然看上去很難看，但在一個全職媽媽的時代卻有著不可估量的作用:

它提醒她注意孩子們的來來往往。一天一百次。一切都很好，我媽媽從來沒有抱怨過噪音,因為那

是木制屏風門的目的——砰的一聲關(guān)上，從而告知她的孩子們就在她的聽覺所及的范圍。所以木

門在作家的童年時期特別的作用是：它讓媽媽意識到孩子們就在附近。故D選項正確。

62.Thereasonwhythewriteraskedthecarpentertocontinuetoadjustthedooristhat.

A.thedoorwasnottherightsizefortheframe

B.thedoorwaspoorlymadethatitdidn'tsuithim

C.hewantedtoseehowthedoorwassupposedtoshut

D.hewasdeterminedtoseizetheownershipofthedoor

【答案】C

【解析】推理判斷題。由倒數(shù)第二段“Pleaseremovetheautomaticdoorcloserandadjustthedoorsoitswings

shutwithagoodcrack.”可知，請取下自動閉門器，調(diào)整好門的位置,讓門啪地一聲關(guān)上。所以作者要

求木匠繼續(xù)調(diào)整門的原因是他想看看門該怎么關(guān)。故C選項正確。

63.Whatdoesthewoodenscreendoormeantothewriternow?

A.Itisareminderoftheimperfectthings.B.Itisasymbolofhismemoryofsummer.

C.Itisacontributortothebetterlifeheleads.D.Itisanantiqueworthcherishinginthemuseum.

【答案】B

【解析】推理判斷題。通過讀全文尤其是最后段“ButwhenIpulledopenthedoorandreleasedit,thething

clappedshutlikearifleshot."Whatdoyouthink?^^Iasked,<4Itlookslikehell,,,saidOzzie.“Butit

soundslikeheaven,Isaid.AndI,beingtheownerofthedoor-andthememory-hadthefinal

word.”可知，但當我拉開門，松開它時，它啪的一聲關(guān)上了，就像一聲槍響。“你覺得怎么樣?”“我問。

“看起來太糟糕了,“Ozzie說?！暗犉饋矸浅５睾茫拔艺f。而我，作為這扇門的主人——以及記憶

的主人—擁有最后的決定權(quán)。作者很是懷念兒時夏天的木制紗門，所以為了找回那段回憶，特意

定制了一扇能在關(guān)閉時發(fā)出啪的?聲的木制紗門。再通過作者與Ozzie的對話可以看出,作者很

喜歡這扇木制紗門，因為木制紗門現(xiàn)在對作者來說意味著夏天的記憶。故B選項正確。

64.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.Thegoodolddaysaregone.B.Neverjudgeadoorbyitsappearance.

C.Summerannouncesitselfwithacrack.D.Everysingleimperfectionaddstobeauty.

【答案】C

【解析】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，作者很是懷念兒時夏天的木制紗門，所以為了找回那段回憶，特意定制

了一扇能在關(guān)閉時發(fā)出啪的一聲響的木制紗門，作者很喜歡這扇發(fā)出啪的一聲響的木制紗門，因

為木制紗門現(xiàn)在對作者來說意味著夏天的記憶。所以短文是圍繞著夏天啪的一聲來臨了而展開

的。故短文的最佳標題為“夏天啪的一聲來臨了”。故C選項正確。

D

Britisheconomistandphilosopher,TRMalthus,wroteAnEssayonthePrinciplesofPopulationin1798and

createdshockwavesaroundtheworldsayingthatpopulationwouldgrowinageometricprogression（like1,2,4,8,

16,32,64...）whilefoodproductionwouldincreaseinanarithmeticprogression（like1,2,3,4,5,6,7...）.Malthus

hadsaidthatitisbiologicallyinherent（固有的）inalllivingorganismstomultiplyfast.

Now,aftermorethan200yearsofMalthus'stheory,weseethattheworldpopulationhasincreasedfromabout

1billiontoabout7.6billion,butatamuchslowerratethanthatpredictedbyMalthus.Thisisbecauseofvarious

contraceptive（避孕的）methodsadoptedinmanycountriesandalsotheadoptionofpoliciesregulatingbirth.World

foodproductionhasincreasedfromabout500milliontonnesin1960—1961toabout2,600milliontonnesin2017

—2018.Thisisbecauseofincreaseinproductionandcultivated（用于耕作的）areasaswellasinnovationsin

agriculturaltechnology.

MyintentionisnottoproveMalthuswrong.Rather,itwashisalarmingpredictionthatcreatedanawakening

worldwideregardingadoptionoffamilyplanningprogrammes.Havingsaidthat,onemustrealizethatevenan

increasefromabout1billiontoabout7.6billiontodayiscausingseriousdamagetotheplanet,whichwill

definitelynotbeabletosupportlargerpopulations.Imagine,whatitwouldbelikeiftheworldpopulationincreases

to11billionby2100,ashasbeenpredictedundersomemodels.

Letmenowdiscusshowthispopulationexplosionhasgivenrisetoenvironmentalpollution.Therearethree

mainreasons:First,thelargerthepopulation,thelargerthedemandforfood,andthus,thehighertherequirement

ofcultivableland.Second,changinglifestyleshasledtoevolvingconsumptionpatterns;moreandbiggercars,TVs,

refrigerators,mobilephones,packagedfoods,furnitureitems,andelectricaldevicesofseveraltypesarebeing

consumedwidelyandingreaternumberswitheachpassingday.Third,weneedtocreatehousingfbr

ever-increasingpopulations.Allthisputsapressureontheenvironmentandland.Thus,forestsandbodiesofwater

arebeingdestroyedtomeettherequirementofland,moresoinpoorcountries.Asaconsequence,speciesof

wildlifearedisappearingastheirhabitatsdonotexistanymoreorarecompletelychanged,resultinginthe

ecologicalbalancegettingdisturbed.Notonlythis,giventhatforestsactascarbonsinks,theirdestructionis

worseningglobalwarming.Thus,whenitcomestopollution,ever-increasingglobalpopulationisthecriminal.

Further,duetotheabovehumanactivities,ourenergyconsumptionisincreasing,whichislargely

fbssil-fuel-basedtoday.Thisiscausingmassiveemission(排放)ofgreenhousegasesthatisresponsibleforclimate

change.Heavyvehiculartraffic,besidescreatingnoisepollution,isfurthercontributingtotheseemissions.The

carbonemissionsintheatmospherepresentlystandatabout380ppmcomparedto280ppmaboutadecadeback

and,atthecurrentrateofemission,thethresholdlimitof550ppmmaybebreachedverysoon.

Today,wearefacingseveraltypesofpollution.Iamnotdiscussingthemindetailsastheissuesarewell

known.Poorpeoplearemoreaffectedbybothincreasingpopulationandpollution.Further,povertyitselfisthe

worstkindofpollution.Thus,thereisacause-and-effectrelationshipbetweenenvironmentalpollutionandpoverty.

Climatechangeisnegativelyaffectingagri-production,andthedegradationofforestsandoceansisreducingthe

availabilityofforestproduceandmarineproductsonwhichabout35%oftheglobalpopulationdepends.

Itisallleadingtopricerise,affectingthepoorthemostandonmultiplefronts.Thelossofrichlandto

constructionalsoaggravatespoverty.Thus,povertygetsworseduetoincreaseinpopulationandpollution.To

conclude,theworldisinurgentneedofstabilizationofthepopulationtofightbothpollutionandpoverty.

【語篇簡析】本文是一篇議論文。作者分析了人口快速增長所帶來的污染及貧困問題。鑒于此，作者呼吁要

保持人口的穩(wěn)定。

65.Accordingtothepassage,Malthusbelievesthat.

A.thereareeffectivewaystodecreasethegrowthofpopulation

B.foodproductionshouldincreaseinlinewithpopulationgrowth

C.theincreaseofpopulationwouldexceedthatoffoodproduction

D.lackoffoodsupplyislikelytobringaboutpollutionandpoverty

【答案】C

【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的"populationwouldgrowinageometricprogression(like1,2,4,8,16,

32,64...)whilefoodproductionwouldincreaseinanarithmeticprogression(likeI,2,3,4,5,6,7...).”

可知,Malthus認為，人口會以等比數(shù)列的形式增長，而糧食產(chǎn)量會以等差數(shù)列的形式增長。由此可

推知，人口的增長會超過糧食產(chǎn)量的增長。故選C。

66.Whatisimpliedinthesecondparagraph?

A.Malthus'spredictionofworldpopulationistotallyinexact.

B.Peoplehaverealizedthenecessitytocontrolpopulationgrowth.

C.Worldfoodproductionhasincreasedbyaboutfourtimessince1960.

D.Modemtechnologycontributesmosttotheincreaseinfoodproduction.

【答案】B

【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thisisbecauseofvariouscontraceptive（避孕的）methodsadoptedin

manycountriesandalsotheadoptionofpoliciesregulatingbirth”可知，人口增長的速度比Malthus預

測的慢的原因是避孕措施的采用,而且許多國家也通過了一些政策來控制出生率。由此可推知，人

們已經(jīng)意識到了控制人口增長的必要性。故選B。

67.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardMalthus'stheory?

A.Critical.B.Positive.C.Doubtful.D.Opposing.

【答案】B

【解析】推理判斷題（觀點態(tài)度推斷）c根據(jù)第三段中的“MyintentionisnottoproveMalthuswrong.Rather,it

washisalarmingpredictionthatcreatedanawakeningworldwideregardingadoptionoffamily

planningprogrammes.”可知，作者認為，正是Malthus令人震驚的預言警醒全世界的人們采用計劃

生育的方案。由此可知,作者對Malthus的理論是持積極態(tài)度的。

68.Whichwordcanreplacetheunderlinedword“aggravates“inthelastparagraph?

A.Increases.B.Relieves.C.Exposes.D.Witnesses.

【答案】A

【解析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Thelossofrichlandtoconstruction"及"Thus,povertygetsworse

duetoincreaseinpopulationandpollution.“可知，畫線詞所在句的含義為“肥沃的土地淪為建筑用

地也加劇了貧窮''，畫線詞的意思是“使加重“，與increase的含義相似。故選A。

69.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Thepossibilityoftakingmeasurestocontrolpopulation.

B.Theurgencyforthewholeworldtofightagainstpoverty.

C.Therelationshipbetweenpopulation,pollutionandpoverty.

D.Theconsumptionpressureontheenvironmentfromrisingpopulation.

【答案】C

【解析】主旨大意題。縱觀全文可知，文章重點講述了人口增長所帶來的污染及貧困問題。故C項（人口、

污染與貧困的關(guān)系）最能概括文章的主要內(nèi)容。

70.Howisthepassagemainlydeveloped?

A.Bylistingrelevantfigures.B.Byprovidingtypicalexamples.

C.Bycomparingopinionsfromdifferentfields.D.Bypresentingacauseandanalyzingitseffects.

【答案】D

【解析】推理判斷題（寫作手法推斷）。本文重點分析了人口的增長帶來的負面影響，如污染和貧困問題等,

由此可知，本文是通過陳述一個原因，然后分析其影響的方式來行文的。故選Do

題組二

A

Sometimesitcanbeeasytobecometoosatisfiedwhenitcomestolivingsustainably.Wemayallhave

recyclingbinsinourkitchens,butherearesomewaysyoucanlivemoresustainably.

1.Putanendtoplasticwaterbottlesandone-offcoffeecups

Theonlywaythisisgoingtoworkisthatifyouhavereusableoptionsyoureallylove,investinagreatwater

bottle.Thisisanadvancepayment,butitwillsaveyoumoneyinthelongrun.A750mlbottleofEviancosts90pin

Tesco,meaningifyoubuyoneeverytwodaysyoucouldsave￡10withinthreeweeksbyfillingupareusablebottle

athome.

2.

Thehighstreetisproblematiconsomanydifferentlevels.Notonlyareyoubuyingitemswithquestionable

supplychains,butthecarbonfootprintofeachproductisshockingaswell.Onlineshoppingisevenworse,with

overpackagingforeachitemandtheemissionsfromdeliverytrucks.Theansweristosticktoreach-me-downor

previouslyowneditemsasmuchaspossible.Notonlywillthissaveyoumoney,butthere'salsoasenseof

satisfactioninfindingahiddentreasurefromthefleamarketwhereyoufindoutstandingbargainsorsomething

used,whichyousimplycan'tgetfromshoppinginWal-MartoronAmazon.

3.Thinkhardaboutyourtransportation

Evenifyourcarissupposedlyalow-emissionsmodel,it'sstillgoingtobeahugecontributiontoyourcarbon

footprint.Therearetimeswhengettinginacarcan'tbeavoided,butifyoucansubstitutejustoneflightayearwith

atrain,onecarjourneyaweekwithabus.andonebusamonthwithabikeride,you'llfindthatmakingmore

mindfultransportdecisionscaneasilymakeyourday-to-daylifemoreenvironmentallyfriendlywithlittleeffort.

4.Trytobuylocal,seasonalproduce

YoumaythinkbuyingstrawberriesinDecemberorcourgettesinspringisnobigdeal,butthechemicalsand

fuelusedtoartificiallycopytherightenvironmentforthemtogrowcreateharmfulgasemissions.Similarly,the

environmentalimpactoftransportingproducefromanothercountryishuge.Buyingfromlocalfarmersalsomeans

youcanoftenignorethehugeamountsofpackagingthesupermarketsuse.

【語篇簡析】本文屬于說明文，介紹從四個方面讓生活更環(huán)保、更低碳，更可持續(xù)性的方法，比如不用塑料瓶,

選擇更低碳的交通工具出行，購買二手物品和當?shù)貞巨r(nóng)產(chǎn)品。

56.Accordingtothepassage,ifwewanttolowerourcarbonfootprint,we'dbetter.

A.purchasea75mlbottleofEvianinTescoeveryotherday

B.neverdosomeshoppinginWal-MartoronAmazon

C.buystrawberriesinDecemberorcourgettesinspring

D.taketransportwithalow-emissionsmodelifpossible

【答案】D

【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段butifyoucansubstitutejustoneflightayearwithatrain,onecarjourneya

weekwithabus.andonebusamonthwithabikeride,you'llfindthatmakingmoremindfultransport

decisionscaneasilymakeyourday-to-daylifemoreenvironmentallyfriendlywithlittleeffort.可知，如

果能夠一年里能夠坐一次火車來代替飛機，一周里能夠少開一次車，多坐一次公交車，一月里能夠

少坐一次車，多騎一次車，那么讓自己生活更環(huán)保是很容易的，因此可以推測出，要乘用低碳的交通

工具，故D符合。

57.Whichofthefollowingismostsuitabletofillintheblank?

A.Avoidtoomuchtrafficonthehighstreet.B.Buyitemswithoutquestionablesupplychains.

C.Buysecond-handproductsasmuchaspossible.D.Avoidbuyingitemswithexcessivepackaging.

【答案】C

【解析】主旨大意題。本段首先陳述了highstreet以及Onlineshopping購物的弊端,因而鼓勵大家多利用

fleamarket購買reach-me-down（二手物品），因此C選項符合。

B

It'scommonknowledgethatsomecountrieshavehigherlifeexpectanciesthanothers,butthecityyoulivein

canalsoaffectyourhealth.

Somecitiesarehardontheirresidents.Inplaceswithpoorcityplanning,forexampleLagos,whichwascalled

outrecentlybytheEconomistIntelligenceUnit,publicspacesarefew,makingoutdooractivitieshard.Lackof

infrastructure（基石出設(shè)施）blocksthestreetswithcarsandtheairwithpollutants,andresidentsworklonghoursfbr

littlemoney.

ThesearejustsomeofthefactorsaddedupbySpotahome,arentalagency.They'veanalyzeddatafroma

rangeofsources,includingtheWorldHealthOrganization,TripAdvisorandtheCIAWorldFactbooktoscoreeach

cityonhealth,gymavailabilityandquality,lifeexpectancies,obesity,greenspaceandotherelementstomakealist

toworkoutwhicharetheworld'shealthiestcities.

ThelistiscertainlyEurocentricandsunshineisseenasapositivefactor.Itdoesgosomewaytoward

suggestingwhichcitiesaregettingitrightinprovidingagoodlifefortheirresidents.Itmaynotbesurprisingto

learnthatmostofthehealthiestcitiesareinnorthernEurope,knownforitspeople-firstapproachtocityplanning.

ThecitiesofAustraliaandCanadaalsodowell.However,thefirstAmericancityisonlyin34thplace.TheU.K.

doesn'tfaretoowelleither-itsonlycityinthetop50listisLondon,in40th.

Whetheryou'replanningawholesomeholiday,orsimplywonderingwhatyourcitycandobetterinitsquest

forhappycitizens,thelistofthe50healthiestcitieswillgiveyoupauseforthoughtaboutthefutureofcity

planning.Herearetheslender,healthy-eating,clean-airedcitiesthataregettingitright.

【語篇簡析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了研究者們通過調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)城市建設(shè)會影響居民的健康。通

過分析健康、綠化、預期壽命等因素，研究者們還列出了一個世界上最健康的城市的清單。

58.Whatplaysthekeyroleinbuildingahealthycityaccordingtothetext?

A.Localculture.B.Cityplanning.C.Economiccondition.D.Geographicalposition.

【答案】B

【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段可知，大家都知道一些國家比其他國家擁有更高的預期壽命，但是人們居

住的地市也會影響人們