2/2第14講，unit4語(yǔ)法綜合預(yù)習(xí)（解析版）EQ\o\ac(

,●)語(yǔ)法感知：梳理教材原句，從情境出發(fā)，感知語(yǔ)法。EQ\o\ac(

,●)語(yǔ)法精析：幫助學(xué)生逐步突破單元語(yǔ)法知識(shí)。EQ\o\ac(

,●)過(guò)關(guān)檢測(cè)：針對(duì)語(yǔ)法內(nèi)容進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)練習(xí)，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生領(lǐng)先一步。【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】1．鞏固unit4的單元語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)2．針對(duì)這部分內(nèi)容的難點(diǎn)進(jìn)行點(diǎn)對(duì)點(diǎn)的講解和練習(xí)【語(yǔ)法感知】感知以下課文原句，完成方框下的小題1．...peoplehavealwayswantedtolearnmoreaboutspace，andscientistsworkhardtofindanswers.2．Theymakevehiclestocarrybravepeopleintospacetofindoutthesecretsoftheuniverse.3．However，somescientistsweredeterminedtohelphumansrealisetheirdreamtoexplorespace.4．Forexample，America’sNASAspaceagencylaunchedVoyager1on5September1977tostudydeepspace...5．Thesedisastersmadeeveryonesadanddisappointed，butthedesiretoexploretheuniverseneverdied.6．Chinabecamethethirdcountryintheworldtoindependentlysendhumansintospacein2003...7．ThissignalledonestepfurtherinChina’splantoestablishaspacestationinthefuture.8．Morerecently，ChinahassentChang’e4toexplorethesurfaceofthefarsideofthemoontomakemeasurementsandobservations.以上句中，加黑部分作狀語(yǔ)的是：句1,2,4,8；作定語(yǔ)的是：句3,5,6,7?！菊Z(yǔ)法精析】一、動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)1．動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)常放在名詞或不定代詞后面作后置定語(yǔ)，表示尚未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Wehavemuchhomeworktodotonight.今晚我們有許多作業(yè)要做。2．名詞前有first，last，next，only等詞以及最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)，其后要用動(dòng)詞不定式。ShewasthefirstwomantowinthegoldmedalintheOlympicGames.在奧運(yùn)會(huì)上她是第一位獲得金牌的女性。3．抽象名詞attempt，ability，chance，desire，determination，decision，plan，way或不定代詞something，nothing等后面常用不定式作后置定語(yǔ)。JanisAdkinshastheabilityanddesiretodousefulwork.詹尼斯·阿斯頓有能力和愿望去做有用的工作。4．當(dāng)名詞與定語(yǔ)之間存在主謂關(guān)系時(shí)。Wemustfindapersontodothejob.我們必須找一個(gè)做這份工作的人。注意：1．動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，要放在它所修飾的名詞或代詞后面。Attention，please.Theastronauthassomethingimportanttosay.請(qǐng)注意，這名宇航員有重要的事情要說(shuō)。2．如果不定式是不及物動(dòng)詞，后面就應(yīng)有必要的介詞。Givemeapieceofpapertowriteon.給我一張紙寫(xiě)字。二、動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語(yǔ)1．表示目的Shewenttothehospitaltoseehergrandfatheryesterday.昨天她去醫(yī)院看望了她爺爺。Tokeepupwithothers，theintelligentmanhasbeenworkingveryhard.為了趕上別人，這個(gè)聰明的年輕人一直在努力學(xué)習(xí)。注意：作目的狀語(yǔ)的不定式前，常加上inorder或soas，但soas不能位于句首。Sheaskedmetodrivehertotheairportinorder/soastocatchthe5∶00plane.為了趕上5點(diǎn)的飛機(jī)，她讓我開(kāi)車把她送到機(jī)場(chǎng)。2．表示結(jié)果動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語(yǔ)表示結(jié)果時(shí)常用如下結(jié)構(gòu)：so＋形容詞/副詞＋astodo如此……以致……such＋形容詞＋名詞＋astodo如此……以致……enough＋名詞＋todo足夠……名詞/形容詞/副詞＋enough＋todo足夠……too＋形容詞/副詞＋todo太……以致不能……Heisnotsointelligentastodothat.他還沒(méi)有聰明到做那種事。TheCalifornianshiparrivedtoolatetosavemorepeople.加利福尼亞號(hào)來(lái)得太晚，沒(méi)能挽救更多的人。注意：不定式短語(yǔ)表示結(jié)果時(shí)，常與only連用，暗示一種意外的結(jié)果。Hehurriedtotheagency，onlytofindthemanagerhadleft.他匆忙趕到代理處，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)經(jīng)理已經(jīng)離開(kāi)了。3．表示原因不定式作原因狀語(yǔ)，常用在某些表示喜、怒、哀、樂(lè)等的形容詞后。I’mdisappointedtohearyoulackthepatience.聽(tīng)到你缺乏耐心我很失望。4．在“be＋性質(zhì)形容詞＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中，常見(jiàn)的形容詞有：easy，hard，difficult，interesting，heavy，pleasant，light，good，fit，comfortable，safe，dangerous，impossible等。Theprocedureisnoteasytocarryon.這個(gè)步驟不易繼續(xù)。注意：此句型中todo不定式用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義?！具^(guò)關(guān)檢測(cè)】Ⅰ.寫(xiě)出下列句子中不定式的語(yǔ)法功能1．Thesoilcontainsmaterialstokeepthenaturalbalanceofthearea.作定語(yǔ)2．Onlandwithrichsoil，localfarmerscangrowcropstomakealiving.作目的狀語(yǔ)3．Theboywastooeagertogetageographybook.作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)4．Thefatherwassurprisedtolearnthathissonspentmoneylikewater.作原因狀語(yǔ)5．Thewholefamilycameouttoseemyperformance.作目的狀語(yǔ)6．Haveyougotanythingtosayatthemeeting？作定語(yǔ)7．YouwillneverknowhowhappyIwastoseeheryesterday.作原因狀語(yǔ)8．TheBrownshaveacomfortablehousetolivein.作定語(yǔ)Ⅱ.讀下列對(duì)話，補(bǔ)全句中所缺部分Zhang：I9.amdelightedtoknow(很高興得知)youareinterestedinthespaceexploration.Li：Indeed，I’dliketobeanastronautinthefuture.Zhang：Soundsgood.10.Tobecomeanastronaut(要想成為一名宇航員)，youneedtosatisfytherequirementsofaqualifiedastronaut.Li：Yes.Firstofall，Ishouldstudyhard11.togetarelatedcollegedegree(為了得到一個(gè)相關(guān)的大學(xué)學(xué)位)．Besides，Imusttakeexerciseeveryday12.tokeephealthy(來(lái)保持健康)．Zhang：Exactly.HaveyouheardYangLiwei，whoisthefirstmaninChina13.togointospace(進(jìn)入太空)，wentthroughlotsofmentalandphysicaltraining?Li：Ofcourse.Heisreallyahero.Herealizedourdream14.toexplorespace(探索太空)．Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Thekindwomaniseasytoget(get)alongwithandwealllikeher.2．Hewastoodisappointedtospeak(speak)whenheheardthenews.3．Themandownstairsfounditdifficulttoget(get)tosleep.4．Theastronautseemstohavealottoworry(worry)about.5．I’msorrytohavekept(keep)youwaitingthereforsolongatime.6．Hewasthefirsttoarrive(arrive)andthelasttoleave(leave)inourcompany.7．Thebestwaytoimprove(improve)yourEnglishistojoinanEnglishclub.8．Afterschoolwewenttothereadingroomtodosomereading，onlytobetold(tell)thatitwasbeingdecorated.9．Ihadachancetovisit(visit)theGreatWalllastmonth.10．Thegirlwassokindastohelp(help)theoldmanoffthebus.Ⅱ.單句寫(xiě)作11．他是做這項(xiàng)工作的唯一人選。(do)Heistheonlypersontodothejob.12．有很多事情要談。(talk)Therearemanythingstotalkabout.13．我希望我爸爸能像我媽媽那樣容易哄。(pleas