八年級下冊第20課時Unit4教材知識梳理01知識回顧02課時精練目錄1.了解讀書的重要性，學(xué)會如何選擇一本好的讀物。2.學(xué)會并掌握“疑問詞＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)的用法。3.掌握must和have

to的用法。

重點(diǎn)詞匯

Germany

n.德國【歸納拓展】German作形容詞時，意為“德國的；德語的；德國人

的”；作名詞時，意為“德語；德國人”。

German意為“德國人”

時，復(fù)數(shù)形式為Germans。（

C

）Many

foreigners

came

to

our

school

last

week，

including

three

and

four

.A.

German；

AmericanB.

Germans；

AmericanC.

Germans；

AmericansD.

German；

AmericansC【跟蹤訓(xùn)練】

touch

vt.感動，觸動；觸摸，碰n.觸摸，碰【歸納拓展】相關(guān)短語：

get

in

touch

with

sb.與某人取得聯(lián)系；

keep

in

touch

with

sb.與某人保持聯(lián)系；

lose

touch失去聯(lián)系?！靖櫽?xùn)練】（

B

）We

by

his

spirit.A.

touchedB.

were

touchedC.

were

touchingD.

was

touchedB

against

prep.緊靠，碰，撞【歸納拓展】against為介詞，不是動詞，不能單獨(dú)作謂語。1.緊靠，倚靠，碰，撞。如：

against

the

wall緊靠著墻。2.與……相反；反對；違反。如：

be

against

the

law違法。3.對……不利。如：

Her

age

is

against

her.她的年齡對她不利。4.以……為背景；襯托。如：

His

red

clothes

stood

out

clearly

against

the

snow.他的紅衣服在白雪中格

外顯眼?！靖櫽?xùn)練】（

D

）－

Why

is

there

so

much

paint

on

your

coat？

－

Oh，I

was

standing

the

wall.

I

didn’t

notice

the

wet

paint！A.

overB.

throughC.

acrossD.

againstD

stomach

n.腹部；胃【歸納拓展】stomach的復(fù)數(shù)形式為stomachs。相關(guān)短語：

lie

on

one’s

stomach趴著；

have

（a）

stomach

ache胃痛?！靖櫽?xùn)練】（

D

）I

heard

that

some

animals

have

two

.A.

stomach

achesB.

stomachC.

stomachingD.

stomachsD

hand

in上交，遞交【歸納拓展】hand作動詞時，意為“交，遞，給”。

hand

out分發(fā)，發(fā)

出。hand作名詞時，意為“手”。

give

sb.

a

hand幫助某人?！靖櫽?xùn)練】（

B

）－

Must

I

the

report

now？－

No，

you

needn’t.

Tomorrow

is

OK.

A.

hand

outB.

hand

inC.

hand

downD.

hand

awayB

refuse

vt.

&

vi.拒絕，回絕【歸納拓展】相關(guān)短語：

refuse

sth.拒絕某事；

refuse

to

do

sth.拒絕

做某事?！靖櫽?xùn)練】Jack’s

mother

refused

（give）

him

much

pocket

money.to

give

experience

n.經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)驗【歸納拓展】experience作不可數(shù)名詞時，意為“經(jīng)驗”；作可數(shù)名詞

時，意為“經(jīng)歷”；作動詞時，意為“體驗；經(jīng)歷”?！靖櫽?xùn)練】我認(rèn)為這場旅行是一次愉快的經(jīng)歷。I

think

this

journey

is

?.a

pleasant

experience重點(diǎn)句型

I

fell

down

on

the

beach

and

went

to

sleep.我倒在海灘上睡著了。【歸納拓展】fall

down意為“倒塌；跌倒”；

fall

over

sb./sth.意為

“被某人/物絆倒”；

fall

off意為“掉下，脫落”。

go

to

sleep意為“入

睡”?！靖櫽?xùn)練】1.當(dāng)心！別掉下來。Be

careful！

Don’t

?.fall

down2.我昨晚8點(diǎn)就去睡覺了，但直到10點(diǎn)才睡著。I

at

8：00，

but

I

until

10：00

last

night.went

to

beddidn’t

fall

asleep

I

did

not

know

what

to

say

either.我也不知道說什么?！練w納拓展】辨析：

too、

also、

as

well與either詞匯中文釋義句中位置句子類型too也句末肯定句、疑問句also也通常置于謂語動詞之前，

be動詞

和情態(tài)動詞之后；有時也可位于

句首，其后用逗號肯定句、疑問句as

well也句末，前面一般無逗號肯定句、疑問句either也（不）句末否定句、否定疑問句【跟蹤訓(xùn)練】I

can’t

spell

the

word

and

he

can’t

spell

it

（也）.either

You

must

return

the

books

on

time.你必須按時還書。【歸納拓展】辨析：

on

time與in

timeon

time意為“準(zhǔn)時，按時”，指按照約定的時間發(fā)生，不早也不晚；

in

time意為“及時”，指在約定的時間內(nèi)發(fā)生或提前發(fā)生?！靖櫽?xùn)練】Students

should

get

to

school

（準(zhǔn)時）

every

day.on

time核心語法

疑問詞＋動詞不定式【歸納拓展】1.

“疑問詞＋動詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中的疑問詞包括疑問代詞（who、

what、

which）和疑問副詞（how、

when、

where等）。這些疑問詞和

動詞不定式一起構(gòu)成了不定式短語，這種結(jié)構(gòu)可在句子中作主語、賓

語、表語等。2.

“疑問詞＋動詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)經(jīng)常放在tell、

show、

learn、

know、

wonder、

discuss、

teach、

remember、

forget、

find

out等動詞或動詞短

語之后作賓語。3.

“疑問詞＋動詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于一個名詞性從句，常?？捎猛?/p>

等意思的從句代替。改寫時，在疑問詞后加上適當(dāng)?shù)闹髡Z，并將動詞不

定式改成適當(dāng)形式的謂語。如：I

really

don’t

know

what

to

write

about.＝

I

really

don’t

know

what

I

should

write

about.我真不知道我應(yīng)該

寫些什么?！靖櫽?xùn)練】They

want

to

know

where

they

can

go

for

a

holiday.

＝

They

want

to

know

for

a

holiday.where

to

go

must與have

to【歸納拓展】1.

must意為“必須；得”。其否定式為must

not（mustn’t），意為“不

能；不許，不準(zhǔn)，禁止”。在回答帶有must的問句時，否定式常用need

not（needn’t）或don’t

have

to，意為“不必”，而不能用must

not

（mustn’t）。2.

must表示推測的用法如下：（1）一般只用于肯定句中，意為“一定，必定”。如：There

must

be

some

mistakes.肯定有一些錯誤。（2）當(dāng)must表示推測之意時，其否定式常用cannot，而不用must

not。如：He

can’t

have

been

to

your

home

because

he

doesn’t

know

your

address.他不可能去過你家，因為他不知道你的住址。3.

have

to意為“必須，不得不”，在這個意義上與must很接近，但must

表示的是說話人的主觀看法，而have

to表示的是客觀需要。如：I

have

to

go

now.我現(xiàn)在得走了。（客觀需要）I

must

go

now.我現(xiàn)在必須走。（主觀看法）4.

have

to有時態(tài)的變化，如一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時、一般將來時

等；而must沒有人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化?！靖櫽?xùn)練】（

C

）1.

（無錫）We

should

learn

some

basic

life

skills

since

we

depend

on

ourselves

some

day.A.

canB.

can’tC.

mustD.

mustn’t（

D

）2.

（荊州）－

Mike，

I

can’t

stop

playing

computer

games.－

For

your

eyes，

my

dear

friend，

I’m

afraid

you

.A.

couldB.

mayC.

wouldD.

have

toCD（

B

）3.

－

Mr

Wang，

must

I

finish

this

exercise

today？－

No，

you

.

You

can

hand

it

in

tomorrow

afternoon.A.

shouldn’tB.

don’t

have

toC.

mustn’tD.

can’tB

一、根據(jù)句意和首字母提示寫單詞。1.

Mr

Li，

would

you

mind

me

t

the

package（包裹）

with

the

rope？2.

We

know

that

a

camel

has

three

s

?.3.

－

If

the

lift

doesn’t

work，

how

can

I

go

up？－

Sorry，

I

have

no

idea

e

?.yingtomachsither一二三四4.

（2023·鎮(zhèn)江）The

moment

the

C919

aircraft

successfully

made

its

first

test

flight

really

t

me.5.

A

cleaner

found

a

wallet

on

the

road

and

she

r

it

to

its

owner

yesterday.6.

Let’s

go

and

see

some

r

about

this

film

on

the

Internet.7.

I

hear

that

his

new

novel

has

been

a

great

s

?.8.

After

sleeping

for

a

while，

they

c

to

work.9.

He

thinks

it

is

one

of

the

most

exciting

e

in

Europe.10.

Don’t

stand

a

the

wall.

The

paint

on

it

is

still

wet.ouchedeturnedeviewsuccessontinuedxperiencesgainst一二三四二、從方框中選擇詞并用其適當(dāng)形式填空。confident

open

up

find

advise

able1.

Listening

to

others’

made

her

dream

come

true.2.

Sandy

was

to

move

the

heavy

box.

She

had

to

ask

her

father

for

help.3.

The

Belt

and

Road

Initiative

will

serve

markets

for

China

as

well

as

other

countries.4.

The

fewer

mistakes

you

make

in

the

exam，

the

more

you

will

have.5.

－

I

want

to

know

where

a

book

about

the

history

of

the

city.－

You

can

go

to

the

City

Library.adviceunableto

open

upconfidenceto

find一二三四三、

根據(jù)漢語完成句子。1.

他設(shè)法打破窗戶，逃離火海。He

the

window

and

from

the

fire.2.

到達(dá)山頂時，我們所有人都精疲力盡了。All

of

us

when

we

the

mountain.3.

李先生已經(jīng)拒絕把這本書翻譯成法語。Mr

Li

this

book

French.4.

由于大雨，放學(xué)后我不得不乘公共汽車回家了。I

after

school

because

of

the

heavy

rain.managed

to

breakrun

awaywere

tired

outreached

the

top

ofhas

refused

to

translateintohad

to

take

a

bus

home

一二三四5.

到目前為止，吳老師還沒有告訴我們什么時候交作業(yè)。Mr

Wu

our

homework

.hasn’t

told

us

when

to

hand

inso

far一二三四四、首字母填空。World

Book

and

Copyright

Day

falls

in

spring

every

year.

It

started

in

1995

to

wish

people

to

get

the

1.p

of

reading.

It

encourages

everyone

to

read

and

makes

reading

an

important

2.p

of

our

daily

life.leasureart一二三四As

an

old

saying

goes，

“Reading

makes

a

full

man.”

Books，

magazines

and

newspapers

can

help

us

know

more

about

the

3.o

?

world

and

make

us

perfect.

How