Unit2Grammarandusage-ingform八灘高二英語(yǔ)備課組葛衛(wèi)紅1aTherearemanysleepingstudentsinclass.

（表語(yǔ)）（定語(yǔ)）Feelingthelessonisboring,thestudentsaresleepy.Thestudentsfeelthelessonboring.Thelessonisboring.（賓補(bǔ)）（狀語(yǔ)）2a功能定語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)3aInthefollowingyearsheworkedevenharder.Themanspeakingtotheteacherisourmonitor’sfather.Thefilmbeingshowninthecinemaisexciting.Canyouhearhersingingthesonginthenextroom?

Workinginthefactory,hewasanadvancedworker.Hekeptthecarwaitingatthegate.

4a1.Hehurriedhome,

looking

behindashewent.2.Havingfinishedtheirwork,theyhadarest.3.Thelargebuildingbeingbuiltisalibrary.4.Havingbeenshownthelab,weweretakentoseethelibrary.（一般式）（完成式）（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）（被動(dòng)完成式）5a時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)6a3.ThemanwhoisrunninginthepictureisLiuXiang.2.ThemanrunninginthepictureisLiuXiang.1.arunningman一、

V-ingusedasattribute:7aThefactorymakingTVsetsisverylarge.

＝Themainroadbeingbuiltwillbecompletednextyear.此處為什么用beingbuiltThemainroad______________________willbecompletednextyearthat/whichisbeingbuiltThemainroad________________(build)nextweekisbeneficaltoourlife.tobebuiltcci此處的tobebuilt是什么形式做什么成分？你能體味它和beingbuilt的不同嗎？ThefactorywhichmakesTVsetsisverylarge.8a1.Thatwasanextremelyinterestingspeech.2.Awood-burningstoveisenvironmentallyunfriendly.Note:副詞或名詞可以和現(xiàn)在分詞在一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合名詞9a翻譯：1.令人信服的證據(jù)2.一段難熬的時(shí)光3.正在討論的問(wèn)題4.即將在會(huì)上討論的問(wèn)題5.令人驚異的人6.迅速發(fā)展的經(jīng)濟(jì)7.經(jīng)營(yíng)這個(gè)工廠的老板theconvincingenvidenceatryingtimetheproblembeingdiscussedtheproblemtobediscussedatthemeetingtheamazingpersonthefast-growingeconomythebossrunningthefactory10a小結(jié):V-ing形式作定語(yǔ)可表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行或表示和所修飾詞之間有邏輯主動(dòng)關(guān)系。單個(gè)V-ing詞作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞一般置于名詞之前；V-ing詞組修飾名詞則置于名詞之后，此時(shí)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。11a

2.Wenoticedalotofpeople_________(wait)toenterthestadium.

二、

V-ingusedasObjectComplement:1.Wesawsomestudents_______(play)basketballontheplayground.3.Theyhavethefire____(burn)allnight.

playingwaitingburning12aV-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)置于賓語(yǔ)之后，表示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作（如例1、2），或強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)過(guò)程或一種狀態(tài)。（如例3）小結(jié)：13aV-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞：小結(jié)：表示感覺(jué)和心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞，常見(jiàn)的有see,hear,feel,smell,find,notice,observe,lookat,listento等。2)表示指使意義的動(dòng)詞，常見(jiàn)的有have,set,keep,get,catch,leave，等。如：V-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，往往同賓語(yǔ)存在邏輯主謂關(guān)系。你知道嗎？14a1.Hewasoftenheard____________(sing)theEnglishsongs.2.Hewasheard_____________(sing)theEnglishsongwhenIpassedby.3.Heleftthefire_____________(burn)allnight.4.Thestudentwascaught___________(cheat)intheexam.PracticeFillintheblankswiththeverbgiveninitsproperform.tosingsingingburningcheating15a

當(dāng)我們回到學(xué)校時(shí),發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)陌生人站在大門(mén)口。Whenwereturnedtotheschool,we_________________________attheentrance.我發(fā)現(xiàn)地板上放著一個(gè)包。I___________________ontheground.

那老板讓工人整夜地工作。Theboss___________________________thewholenight.foundastrangerstandingfoundabaglyingkept/hadtheworkersworkingPracticeCompletethesentences:16awith+賓語(yǔ)+todoWith+賓語(yǔ)+doneWith+賓語(yǔ)+doing1.Withsomanydifficultproblems________(solve),hecouldtravelwithhiswife.2.Withsomanydifficultproblems___________(solve),hecouldn’ttravelwithhiswife.3.Withtheman_________(solve)somanydifficultproblems,hecouldtravelwithhiswife.4.Hehadtocomebackhomewithhismoney__________________/______________(用光）solvedtosolveslovingrunningoutrunoutof17a

他對(duì)母親的關(guān)愛(ài)很感人。Hisconcernforhismotheris_____________.

三、V–ingusedaspredicativetouching/moving

-ing形式作表語(yǔ)時(shí)放在系動(dòng)詞之后，現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ),相當(dāng)于形容詞,表示主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)

Thefilmisinteresting.

小提示：動(dòng)名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞可用very來(lái)鑒別:在v-ing前加上very句意說(shuō)得通的是現(xiàn)在分詞,說(shuō)不通的是動(dòng)名詞.

18a

interesting使人感興趣的 interested感興趣的exciting令人激動(dòng)的 excited感到激動(dòng)的delighting令人高興的 delighted感到高興的disappointing令人失望的 disappointed感到失望的encouraging令人鼓舞的 encouraged感到鼓舞的pleasing令人愉快的 pleased感到愉快的puzzling令人費(fèi)解的 puzzled感到費(fèi)解的satisfying令人滿意的 satisfied感到滿意的surprising令人驚異的 surprised感到驚異的worrying令人擔(dān)心的 worried感到擔(dān)心的19a1.Therewasaterriblenoise_______thesuddenburstoflight.A.followedB.followingC.tobefollowedD.beingfollowed2.Itwassocoldthattheykeptthefire________allnight.toburn B.burn C.burning D.burnedMultiplechoice:

20a3.Theflowers______sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofname.A.tosmell B.smellingC.smelt D.tobesmelt4.Theoldman,______abroadfortwentyyears,isonthewaybacktohismotherland.A.towork B.workingC.tohaveworked D.havingworked21a5.Helookedaroundandcaughtaman_____hishandintothepocketintoapassengerA.putB.tobeputtingC.toputD.putting6.Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound______inthekitchen.smokeB.smokingC.tosmokeD.smoked22a四、

V-ingusedasanadverb:

V-ing詞組可以在句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、伴隨、讓步等狀語(yǔ)。23a-ing短語(yǔ)作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)一般置于句首。如：Hearingthebadnews,theycouldn’thelpcrying.=Whentheyheardthebadnews,theycouldn’thelpcrying.當(dāng)聽(tīng)到這個(gè)不幸的消息時(shí)，他們情不自禁地哭了起來(lái)。1.作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)收到他的信后，我決定給他回信。

______________________________Idecidedtowriteback.=__________________________,IdecidedtowritebackHavingreceivedhisletterAfterIhadreceivedhisletter，24aAskingaround,Ifindmanypeoplewillingtopayslightlyhigherpricesforthingsthatareenvironmentallyfriendly.__________________,Ifindmanypeoplewillingtopayslightlyhigherpricesforthingsthatareenvironmentallyfriendly.WhenIaskaround25a_________________(observe)theproblemformanyyears,heannouncedthatwearenowfacingthebiggestenvironmentalproblemofourtime._____________________________________years,heannouncedthatwearenowfacingthebiggestenvironmentalproblemofourtime.當(dāng)現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)用來(lái)表示時(shí)間時(shí)，可以和when,after等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句互換HavingobservedAfterhehadobservedtheproblemformany,_____________________(criticize)bytheteacher,hegaveupsmoking.

被老師批評(píng)以后，他把煙戒了HavingbeencriticizedAfterhehadbenncriticized__________________________bytheteacher,hegaveupsmoking26a-ing短語(yǔ)作原因狀語(yǔ)。如：Beingsoangry,hecouldn’tgotosleep.=Because/since/ashewassoangry,hecouldn’tgotosleep.因?yàn)樘鷼饬?，他不能入睡?.作原因狀語(yǔ)Notknowingheraddress,wecouldn’tgetintouchwithhim_____________________________________________________________wecouldn’tgetintouchwithhimAs/Because/Sincewedidn’tknowheradress，27aWearemakingbiggerholesinthenets,________(hope)toavoidcatchingfishthatarenotfullygrown.Wearemakingbiggerholesinthenets,becausewehopetoavoidcatchingfishthatarenotfullygrown.=

____________(notknow)whattodo,Icoulddonothingbutstayathomeandwait.

不知道該做什么，我只好在家里等著____________________________,Icoulddonothingbutstayathomeandwait.hopingNotknowingAsIdidn’tknowwhattodo28a_______________(suffer)fromheartdiseaseforyears,hehadtotakemuchmedicine._________________________________________________,hehadtotakemuchmedicineHavingsufferedAs/Becausehehadsufferedfromheartdeseaseforyears29a-ing作條件狀語(yǔ)置于句首或句末。如：Workinghard,youwillsucceed.

=Ifyouworkhard,youwillsucceed.

如果你勤奮一點(diǎn)，你就會(huì)成功。3.作條件狀語(yǔ)注意：__________,

andyouwillsucceed.Workhard30a___________(prepare)fully,wecanachievegreatthings._________________,wecanachievegreatthings.__________________,andwecanachievegreatthings.當(dāng)現(xiàn)在分詞用來(lái)表示條件時(shí)，可以和if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句互換PreparingIfwepreparefullyPreparefully比較下面三個(gè)句子，體味其不同之處第一個(gè)句中we的前面可以加一個(gè)and嗎？為什么？31aThefactorykeepsreleasingsmoke,makingtheairdirty.Thefactorykeepsreleasingsmoke,———————————（非限制性定語(yǔ)從句）whichmakestheairdirtyShedoesexerciseforanhoureveryday,causinghertokeepaslimfigure.Shedoesexerciseforanhoureveryday,____________hertokeepaslimfigure.Shedoesexerciseforanhoureveryday。____________,shekeepsaslimfigure.4.作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)whichcausesThefactorykeepsreleasingsmoke.___________theairismadedirty.Asaresult,Asaresult32aThecouplewentshopping.Asaresult,theylefttheireldestdaughteraloneathome.=Thecouplewentshopping,________(leave)theireldestdaughteraloneathome.=Thecouplewentshopping,__________theireldestdaughteraloneathome.(用非限制性定語(yǔ)從句）leavingwhichleft當(dāng)現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)用來(lái)表結(jié)果時(shí)，可以和asaresult引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句互換。也相當(dāng)于which引導(dǎo)一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句33aTheycameintotheclassroom,singingandlaughing.

=Theysangandlaughed;theycameintotheclassroom.

他們又唱又笑地走進(jìn)教室。5.作伴隨狀語(yǔ)34aThestudentscamein,______________(follow)theirteacher.Mycousincametoseemefromthecountry,_____________(bring)meafullbasketoffreshfruits.followingbringing35a-ing短語(yǔ)作讓步狀語(yǔ)，可置于句首或句末，常與evenif,though連用。如：6.作讓步狀語(yǔ)Thoughworkingfrommorningtillnight,hisfatherdidn’tgetenoughfood.=Althoughhisfatherworkedfrommorningtillnight,hedidn’tgetenoughfood.雖然他父親從早到晚拼命地干活，但是他還是掙不到足夠的吃的。36aWhen___________(develop)theeconomy,wehavetotakeenvironmentalprotectionintoconsideration.這是一個(gè)省略句，請(qǐng)補(bǔ)充完整developing__________________________________,wehavetotakeenvironmentalprotectionintoconsideration.WhenwearedevelopingtheeconomyWhile__________inBeijing,hecametoseemetwice.=__________________________________,hecametoseemetwice.stayingWhilehewasstayinginBeijing思考下面的句子：37a小結(jié):1.連詞+現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)也可用來(lái)表示時(shí)間，常用的連詞有when,while,相當(dāng)于這些連引導(dǎo)的一個(gè)從句。38a2.動(dòng)詞-ing形式在句中作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)與主句的主語(yǔ)保持一致。39aHetraveledontheplanelikethis,keepingthetortoisehiddeninablanket._______thebadnews,hecouldn’thelpburstingintotears.HeardB.HavingheardC.HearingD.Havingbeenheard_______totheschoolbuilding,thevisitorswereledtoseethelibrary.BeingshownB.ShownC.HavingbeenshownD.Havingshown(keeping的邏輯主語(yǔ)和句子的主語(yǔ)一致，都是he)40a1.a.Hearingthenews,tearsrandownherface.b.Hearingthenews,shecriedoutsadly.2.a.Enteringtheclassroom,Ifoundnobodyinit.b.Enteringtheclassroom,nobodywasfoundinit.3.a.Lookingoutthroughthewindow,thegardenwasbeautiful.b.Lookingoutthroughthewindow,wesawabeautifulgarden.4.a.Readingtheeveningnewspaper,adogstartedbarking.b.Iwasreadingtheeveningnewspaperwhenadogstartedbarking.Choosethecorrectsentence.41a完成主動(dòng)式1.Havingfinishedherhomework,shewenttobed.2.Havingheardthis,thewomanastronautexpressedhersatisfaction.分詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前，一般在句中作時(shí)間或原因狀語(yǔ)用，不能做定語(yǔ)用。42a一般被動(dòng)式表示正在發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作,在句中作定語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)。Thecarbeingrepairedismine.＝Thecarwhichisbeingrepairedismine.Beingrepaired,thecarcan’tbeused.＝As/Becauseitisbeingrepaired,thecarcan’tbeused.43a完成被動(dòng)式：表示發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作，在句中多作狀語(yǔ)，不能作定語(yǔ)。Havingbeenpraisedasecondtime,Idecidedtomakestillgreaterprogress.Havingbeenaskedtostay,Icouldn’tverywellleave.44a非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的否定式均為not+非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

現(xiàn)在分詞的否定形式

not+現(xiàn)在分詞（完成的否定式not放在having之前）Notknowinghowtodyethesilkred,hewenttoherforhelp.Nothavingheardfromhersonforalongtime,themotherworriedagreatdeal.45a一些獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)：1.Generally________(speak),wehavelearntalotinthisschool.2._______(judge)fromhisappearance,heissomebody.3._____(tell)youthetruth,yourworkisterrible.speakingJudgingTotell46a1._________areply,hedecidedtowriteasixthletter.A.Notreceiving B.NottoreceiveC.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived2.Alicereturnedfromthemanager’soffice,_______methatthebosswantedtoseemeatonce.（04全國(guó)IV）A.havingtoldB.tellsC.totellD.telling47a3._______inthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.A.Towait B.HavewaitedC.HavingwaitedD.Tohavewaited4.Icouldn’tdomyhomeworkwithallthatnoise____________.A.goingon B.goesonC.wenton D.togoon

48a3._______inthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.A.Towait B.HavewaitedC.HavingwaitedD.Tohavewaited4.Icouldn’tdomyhomeworkwithallthatnoise____________.A.goingon B.goesonC.wenton D.togoon

49a1.Theircarwascaughtinatrafficjam,thus____thedelay.A.tocauseB.causingC.causedD.cause2.The______boywaslastseen______nearthebankofthelake.A.missing;playingB.missing;playC.missed;playedD.missed;toplayExercise50a3.Afterseeingthemovie,_____.A.thebookwasreadbyhim B.thebookmadehimwanttoreaditC.hewantedtoreadthebook D.thereadingofthebookinterestedhim51a4.Thenextmorningshefoundthemaninbed,_____dead.A.lyingB.lieC.layD.laying5.Therewasaterriblenoise____thesuddenburstoflight.A.followedB.followingC.tobefollowedD.beingfollowed52a6.Thesecretaryworkedlateint