高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1重慶市名校聯(lián)盟2024-2025學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期4月期中英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題，每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthewomanneedtoget?A.Theflighttickets. B.Somepounds. C.Acreditcard.【答案】B【原文】M:SotheticketshavearrivedandthehotelI’vebookedlooksreallynice.DoyouthinkIshouldgetsomepoundsbeforeIfly?M:Emm,Youcanuseyourcreditcardinmostplaces,butI’llgetsomecashjustincase.2.Whatcolorarethetree’sleaves?A.Green. B.Red. C.Purple.【答案】C【原文】W:Whentheleavesonthistreestarttogrow,theyaredifferentfromotherleavesbecausetheyaren’tgreen.M:Aren’tthey?Whatcoloraretheyred?M:Notquite.It’sactuallydarkpurple.3.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Organizingsomeclothes. B.Lookingforhersocks. C.Clearingoutthehouse.【答案】A【原文】M:WhatareyoudoingtomyT-shirts?W:I’mgettingthemorganized.Ifwepackthemuplikethis,we’llbeabletofiteverythinginthere.M:That’sbetterthanlayingthemflat.Iguessthatworksforsocksandpants,too.4.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutmovingtothecity?A.Nervous. B.Excited. C.Calm.【答案】A【原文】M:Congratulationsongettingintocollege.Howexciting!W:Thanks,butImustadmitI’mveryanxiousabouthavingtomoveawayfromhome.Idon’tknowanybodyinthecity.M:I’msureyou’llmakefriendsquickly.You’renowherenearasshyasyouusedtobe.5.Whatwillthewomandoafterrunning?A.Eatbreakfast. B.Gotowork. C.Wakeupherbrother.【答案】B【原文】M:I’mmakingyourbrotherpancakesforbreakfast.Doyouwantsome?W:Nothanks,dad.I’mgoingforaruntowakeupmybrain.Ifthere’sanyleftwhenIgetback,I’lltakethemtomyofficeforlunch.第二節(jié)（共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson. B.Doctorandpatient. C.Co-workers.7.Whydoesthewomanneedtostartexercising?A.Tobuilduphermuscle.B.Toimproveherhearthealth.C.Toincreaseherbonestrength.【答案】6.C7.C【原文】M:Hi,Tina,you’relateintotheofficetoday.W:Yes,Ihadanappointmentwithmydoctor.Don’tworry,thebossknewaboutit.M:Oh,Isee.IseverythingOK?W:Yes,I’mfine.Itwasjustacheckup.ItlookslikeIneedtomakesomelifechangesthough.M:Why?W:Myheartisreallystrongforsomeonemyage,butmybonesaren’t.M:Ohdear,mymomhasthesameproblem.W:Yeah,soIneedtostartdoingweightbearingexercisesuchaswalkingorrunningtohelpbuildthemup.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.ATVshow. B.Abook. C.Amovie.9.WhatcharacterofAlexattractsthemanmost?A.Heispopularwithfans. B.Heislikearealperson. C.Heisastraighthero.【答案】8.A9.B【原文】W:Congratulationsonnotmuchofahero.It’sofficiallythemostwatchedshowonTV.Whydoyouthinkit’ssopopular?M:Ithinkit’sbecausetheshowissowellwritten.It’salsobasedonaverysuccessfulbook,sothefanswerealreadythere.W:YourcharacterAlex,issointeresting.M:Right.IguessI’dcallAlexananti-hero.W:Doyoupreferthissortofrole?M:Definitely.It’ssomethingIalwayslookforinnewmoviesorTVshows.W:Isthatbecauseit’smorefunthanplayingeitherastraightheroorabadguy?M:It’scertainlymorechallenging,butformeit’sbecausecharacterslikethataremorereal.Nobodyisallgoodorallbad.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。10.Howistheweatheratthemoment?A.Rainy. B.Sunny. C.Cloudy.11.Whatwasthemainreasonforthewomantobuythecoffeemachine?A.Tosavetime. B.Tosavemoney. C.Tosavetheplanet.12.Whatisthemangoingtodrink?A.Hotmilk. B.Coffee. C.Tea.【答案】10.A11.B12.B【原文】W:Ohhi,comein,please.Whatterribleweather.M:IknowIhaven’tbroughtmyumbrella.ItwassunnywhenIleftthehouse,notacloudinthesky.W:Ohdear.Well,comeinandgetdry.CanIgetyouahotdrink?I’vejustgotanewcoffeemachine.M:Ipreferteabutwowisthisitveryfancy.W:Yes,itwasn’tcheapbutIactuallyboughtittosavemoney.Iwasspendingfartoomuchincafes.M:Right.Andit’sbetterfortheenvironmenttomakeitathometoo.W:Verytrue.M:ItlooksveryhighTech.Whatdoallthesebuttonsdo?W:Onedecidesthestrength.Oneaddshotmilkandyoucansetittomakecoffeeatanytimeyouwant.M:Wow,cool.Ireallyfeellikehavingacupofcoffeenow.W:Noproblem.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。13.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atacollege. B.Atamuseum. C.Atahistoricsite.14.Whyisthewomanhappy?A.Itisalmosttimeforspringbreak.B.Herpaperwaspublishedinaleadingmagazine.C.She’sbeenchosenforanimportantstudyprogram.15.HowoldistheShimaostonecity?A.Aboutonethousandyearsold.B.Abouttwothousandyearsold.C.Aboutfourthousandyearsold.16.WhatisthewomanmostinterestedtoseeattheShimaostonecity?A.Thecitywalls. B.Thepalace. C.Thecourtyards.【答案】13.A14.C15.C16.A【原文】W:I’msogladit’slunchtime.Let’sgototheschoolcoffeehousetogetsomefood.IwaslatethismorningsoIhadtocometocollegewithoutanybreakfast.M:Ohdear.Still,youlookprettyhappy.W:Iam.IjustfoundoutthatIhavebeenacceptedtohelpoutattheShiMastonecityprogramoverthespringbreak.M:Wow,congratulations.That’sarealhonor.ProfessorWusaiditwasselectedasoneofthetoptenglobaldiscoveriesfrom2000to2010byaleadingAmericanmagazine.W:Yeah,thecityishugeandcoversmorethan4millionsquaremetersandhasahistoryofmorethan4000years.M:Wow,didtheymakesomeamazingdiscoveriesrecently?W:Absolutely.Theyarefindingnewobjectsallthetime.Justin2022theyuncoveredthreesculpturesinsidethestonecityandoneispossiblyanancientking.M:That’samazing.W:Yes,andapalaceandmanycourtyardshavebeenfound,butI’mmostinterestedinthecitywalls.Theykeptthecitysafeforover1000years.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17.Wherewilltheweddingceremonytakeplace?A.Bythepool. B.Onthebeach. C.Onthegrassland.18.Whenwillthedancepartyend?A.At7:00p.m. B.At9:00p.m. C.At10:00p.m.19.Whatgiftdoesthespeakerprefer?A.Somewine. B.Aweddingcake. C.Adonationtocharity.20.Whatwillbeprovidedbythespeaker?A.Freehotelrooms. B.Formalclothes. C.Flighttickets.【答案】17.B18.B19.C20.A【原文】W:Dearauntanduncle,youarebothinvitedtoourspecialdayonthetwentythirdMaytocelebrateourwedding.ItwilltakeplaceattheMiramarHotel.Thegatheringstartsattena.m.bythehotelpoolwithwines.Wewillthenwalktothebiggrasslandtotakesomepicturesandthengettothebeachwheretheweddingceremonywillbeheld.Aftertheceremony,wewillhaveamealinthehotel’sCentreHall.Manydishesandcakeswillbeservedthereandabandwillbeplayinglivemusic.Thedancepartywillstartatsevenp.m.anditwilllasttwohours.Therearenorulesaboutwhatclothestheguestsshouldwear,sopleasefeelfreetowearshortsorskirtsandwedonotexpectanygifts.Ifyoureallywanttogivesomething,pleasedonatemoneyonlinetoourfavoritecharity,theworldwildlifefundfornature.Plus,asallourguestshavetotravelfartoattendthewedding,yourhotelroomsinCorsicawillbecoveredbyus.Wereallyhopeyoucancomeandlookforwardtoseeingyouboth.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AFourUpcomingOnlinePoetryWorkshopsPoetryisadeeplypersonalart,butyoudon’thavetodoitalone.Onlineworkshopsprovidetheperfectopportunitytorefineyourcraftwiththesupportoftalentedpeersandexperiencedinstructors.Whetheryouwanttoimproveyourwritingorexplorenewtechniques,thesefourworkshopswillguideyoueverystepoftheway:TheLoft’s“AfterInspiration”WorkshopOvercomethechallengesofrevisingandsubmittingpoemswiththecommentsandadvicefromtheinstructor,LisaHiggs.Analyzecontemporaryworksandimproveyourown,allwhilepreparingtosubmittocontestsandmagazines.Cost:$140|Dates:Nov.10–Dec.8GothamWritersPoetryWorkshopStartyourjourneywitha10-weekworkshopledbypoetMatthewLippman.You’llmasterwritingconcisepoetryinbothtraditionalandmodernforms,pluslearnthestrategiesofhowtopromoteyourworktothemarket.Cost:$409|Dates:Apr.10-Jun.18TheSpeakeasyProject’sGrowthWorkshopJoinemergingpoetslikeRosebudBen-OniandAngelNafisforaworkshopthatcombinesweeklydiscussions,writingprompts,anddetailedfeedback.You’llcreateeightpoemsinasupportive,creativespace.Cost:$295|Dates:Jan.3-Mar.1Catapult’s“CatchingFeelings”WorkshopLearnhowtochannelpowerfulemotionsintopoetrywithQuincyScottJones.You’llwrite10emotionallyresonantpoemsanddevelopyouruniquepoeticvoice.Cost:$395|Dates:Jan.20–Feb.24Theseworkshopsofferflexibility,creativity,andinspirationforpoetsofalllevels.Don’tmissout—joinusandtakeyourpoetrytothenextlevel!Happywriting!21.Whichworkshopcanprovidesuggestionsonmarketingpoetry?A.GothamWritersPoetryWorkshop.B.TheLoft’s“AfterInspiration”Workshop.C.Catapult’s“CatchingFeelings”Workshop.D.TheSpeakeasyProject’sGrowthWorkshop.22.WhatdoTheLoft’sandTheSpeakeasyProject’sworkshopshaveincommon?A.Emotionalwritingfocus. B.Feedbackonpoems.C.Famouspoetinstructors. D.Traditionalpoetryforms.23.Whereisthistextprobablyfrom?A.Atravelblog. B.Asciencejournal.C.Afashionmagazine. D.Aliterarywebsite.【答案】21.A22.B23.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹四個(gè)在線詩(shī)歌工作坊，涵蓋內(nèi)容、費(fèi)用及時(shí)間，助力詩(shī)人提升技藝，呼吁詩(shī)人們參與進(jìn)階創(chuàng)作?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GothamWritersPoetryWorkshop部分的“You’llmasterwritingconcisepoetryinbothtraditionalandmodernforms,pluslearnthestrategiesofhowtopromoteyourworktothemarket.(你將掌握用傳統(tǒng)和現(xiàn)代形式創(chuàng)作簡(jiǎn)潔詩(shī)歌的技巧，另外還會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)如何將你的作品推向市場(chǎng)的策略。)”可知，GothamWritersPoetryWorkshop能提供關(guān)于詩(shī)歌營(yíng)銷的建議。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheLoft’s‘AfterInspiration’Workshop部分的“Overcomethechallengesofrevisingandsubmittingpoemswiththecommentsandadvicefromtheinstructor,LisaHiggs.(在導(dǎo)師麗莎?希格斯的評(píng)論和建議下，克服修改和提交詩(shī)歌的挑戰(zhàn)。)”以及TheSpeakeasyProject’sGrowthWorkshop部分的“JoinemergingpoetslikeRosebudBen-OniandAngelNafisforaworkshopthatcombinesweeklydiscussions,writingprompts,anddetailedfeedback.(加入像羅斯巴德?本-奧尼和安吉爾?納菲斯這樣的新興詩(shī)人的工作坊，該工作坊結(jié)合了每周討論、寫(xiě)作提示和詳細(xì)反饋。)”可知，這兩個(gè)工作坊的共同之處在于都能提供對(duì)詩(shī)歌的反饋。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了四個(gè)即將到來(lái)的在線詩(shī)歌工作坊，包括每個(gè)工作坊的內(nèi)容、費(fèi)用和時(shí)間等信息。所以屬于文學(xué)范疇，很可能來(lái)自文學(xué)網(wǎng)站。故選D項(xiàng)。BMackenseyWilson,a14-year-oldgirl,neverplannedondoingasciencefairproject.Butwhenoneofherdogskeptcoveredinrashes(皮疹)thatseemedtoberelatedtowhatpetfoodshehadbeeneating,Mackenseygotcurious.Shewantedtoknowwhatchemicalspeoplewerefeedingtheirdogs.Todoherresearch,shesignedupforaprogram,wherestudentsvisitedahighschoollabearlyinthemorning.Shehadtocomeinonweekendsandwakeupveryearly.Shealsohadtobalanceherresearchwithschoolworkandextracurricularactivities.Althoughshehadsomedifficultiesinusingalltheinstrumentsandlearninghowtheyworked,sheovercamethemthroughtheguidanceofherteachersandhercontinuoustrials.Inherresearch,shefoundapreservative(防腐劑)calledBHTmightcontainsomepoison.However,mostofthebrandsfromthemarketsdidn’tlistitontheirnutritionlabels.Soshesetouttoconductanexperimentonthispotentiallyharmfulchemical.Sherandomlypurchasedfivebrandsusedbyherfriendsandfamilyfromthemarketsforacomparativeanalysis.Shegroundupthesebrandsofdrydogfood.Then,sheputthepowderinalcoholtoreleaseanyBHT.AcoupleoftechniquesenabledhertofigureouttheexactamountofBHTbycalculatingtheconcentrationofBHTbasedonthemassandvolumeofthesample.Shefoundthatallofthesebrandscontainedatleast0.1%BHT.Asanambitiousstudent,shehassetouttodootherprojectsandshehopesformoreinthefollowingyears.Herresearchearnedherafinalistspotinthe2024ThermoFisherScientificJuniorInnovatorsChallenge.Shealsowonthesecond-placeScienceAwardatthecompetition.Allinall,shefoundtheresearchexperiencefunandrewarding.24.WhatinspiredMackenseyWilsontoinvestigatepetfoodchemicals?A.Herconstantfailuresintheresearch.B.Herdog’sconstantskinissueslinkedtoitsdiet.C.Herschoolprogramrequiringchemicalanalysis.D.Herteacher’ssuggestiontoexplorefoodpreservatives.25.HowdidMackenseyWilsonproveherfindings?A.Shecarriedoutsomemarketresearches.B.Sheconductedanexperimentonsomesamples.C.Shemeasuredthemassandvolumeofthesesamples.D.Shedidaquestionnaireamongherfriendsandfamily.26.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMackenseyWilson?A.Cautiousandstubborn. B.Generousandcreative.C.Ambitiousandoutgoing. D.Curiousandperseverant.27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.BHT:AHiddenDangerinDogFood.B.Mackensey:WinnerofaScienceAward.C.FromDogRashestoaWinningResearch.D.TheJourneyofBalancingScienceandAcademics.【答案】24.B25.B26.D27.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了14歲的MackenseyWilson因?yàn)樽约夜饭返钠ふ顔?wèn)題而對(duì)寵物食品中的化學(xué)成分產(chǎn)生好奇，進(jìn)而開(kāi)展研究，最終在研究中取得成果并獲獎(jiǎng)的故事?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Butwhenoneofherdogskeptcoveredinrashes(皮疹)thatseemedtoberelatedtowhatpetfoodshehadbeeneating,Mackenseygotcurious.Shewantedtoknowwhatchemicalspeoplewerefeedingtheirdogs.(但當(dāng)她的一只狗身上一直布滿皮疹，而這些皮疹似乎與它吃的寵物食品有關(guān)時(shí)，Mackensey產(chǎn)生了好奇心。她想知道人們用什么化學(xué)物質(zhì)喂狗)”可知，Mackensey的狗因飲食問(wèn)題不斷出現(xiàn)皮膚問(wèn)題，這促使她開(kāi)始調(diào)查寵物食品中的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Soshesetouttoconductanexperimentonthispotentiallyharmfulchemical.Sherandomlypurchasedfivebrandsusedbyherfriendsandfamilyfromthemarketsforacomparativeanalysis.(因此，她開(kāi)始對(duì)這種可能有害的化學(xué)物質(zhì)進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)。她從市場(chǎng)上隨機(jī)購(gòu)買了朋友和家人使用的五個(gè)品牌進(jìn)行比較分析)”可知，Mackensey通過(guò)對(duì)從市場(chǎng)上隨機(jī)購(gòu)買的一些狗糧樣本進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)來(lái)證明她的發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選B項(xiàng)。【26題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Mackenseygotcurious.(Mackensey產(chǎn)生了好奇心)”以及第二段“Althoughshehadsomedifficultiesinusingalltheinstrumentsandlearninghowtheyworked,sheovercamethemthroughtheguidanceofherteachersandhercontinuoustrials.(雖然她在使用所有儀器和學(xué)習(xí)它們的工作原理方面遇到了一些困難，但她在老師的指導(dǎo)和不斷的嘗試下克服了這些困難)”可知，Mackensey是一個(gè)好奇且有毅力的人。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Butwhenoneofherdogskeptcoveredinrashes(皮疹)thatseemedtoberelatedtowhatpetfoodshehadbeeneating,Mackenseygotcurious.(但當(dāng)她的一只狗身上一直布滿皮疹，而這些皮疹似乎與它吃的寵物食品有關(guān)時(shí)，Mackensey產(chǎn)生了好奇心)”以及最后一段“Herresearchearnedherafinalistspotinthe2024ThermoFisherScientificJuniorInnovatorsChallenge.Shealsowonthesecond-placeScienceAwardatthecompetition.(她的研究為她贏得了2024年ThermoFisherScientificJuniorInnovatorsChallenge的決賽席位。她還在比賽中獲得了二等獎(jiǎng))”可知，本文主要講述了MackenseyWilson從發(fā)現(xiàn)狗因飲食問(wèn)題出現(xiàn)皮疹，到進(jìn)行科學(xué)研究并獲獎(jiǎng)的過(guò)程。因此“從狗皮疹到獲獎(jiǎng)研究”適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。CHaveyoueverfeltstuffedafteramealbutstillcraved(渴望)dessert?Sugar’saddictivepowerisnomyth.AstudyinPLoSONEfound94%ofratspreferredartificiallysweetenedwatertococaine.Whilesugarisn’tasdangerousasdrugs,itstimulatesdopamine,thebrain’srewardchemicalsimilartoaddictivesubstances.Ourbodiesnaturallycravecarbohydrates,includingsugarsinfruits.However,processedfoodsoverloaduswithconcentratedsweeteners.Dr.Tarman,anaddictionspecialist,comparesthistococaleavesversuscocaine:Naturalsugarsaresafe,butprocessedversionshijackourbrain’spleasuresystem,makingpeopleaddictive.Signsofsugaraddictionmirrordrugdependence,suchasobsessivefoodthoughtsorsecretsnacking.ProfessorMeltonhighlightsuniversalharm:Excesssugarcausesenergycrashes,headaches,andbloating—regardlessoftheweight.Shealsoexplainshowcravingsarerootedindietarypatterns.Forexample,manypeoplefeelmentallyunsatisfiedwithoutdesserts,evenwhenfull.Understandingtheseuniversalriskspavesthewayforeffectivesolutions.Toquitsugaraddiction,Dr.Tarmanadvisesabruptlystoppingalladdedsugar.Theearlystage(5-7days)maybringintensecravings,anger,andsleeplessness,butsymptomsfadewithinweeks.“Alittlesugarfuelsmorecravings—totalavoidanceworksbest,”sheexplains.Toreducesugarintake,shesuggestsavoidinghiddensugarsinsauces,yogurts,andsnacksandseekingfamilysupporttoremovetemptations(誘惑).Replacecravingswithsugar-freegum,tea,orhobbies.Atthesametime,ProfessorMeltonpointsoutthatwecanavoidofficetreatssimplybysteppingawayfromtheofficeareaandtakingwalksoutside,insteadofgatheringaroundsnacksduringcoffeebreaks.Whenemotionaleatingkicksin,wecanresistitwith5-minutedistractionssuchascallingafriendorlisteningtomusic.Thoughchallenging,quittingsugarreshapestastesandrebalancesbrainchemistry.Researchshowsmetabolic(新陳代謝)improvementsemergewithinfourweeks,includingsteadierenergy.“Applessatisfyasmuchascandy,”saysDr.Tarman,“Freedomfromobsessionensuresyouenjoymealswithoutguilt.”28.WhydoestheauthormentiontheratstudyinPLoSONE?A.Tohighlightsugar’spotentialharm.B.Todemonstratesugar’spowerfulappeal.C.Toexplainrats’preferenceforsweetness.D.Tocomparesugarwithaddictivesubstances.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hijack”inparagraph2mean?A.Control. B.Enhance. C.Create. D.Protect.30.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3?A.Sugaraddictionislessharmfulthandrugdependence.B.Eatingdessertsbringspeopleasenseofdissatisfaction.C.Desireforsugarareoftenrelatedtopeople’seatinghabits.D.Overweightpeoplesurelysufferfromtheharmofexcesssugar.31.Howcanpeoplereducesugarcravings?A.Byrelyingonwillpoweralone.B.Bypartlyavoidingsugarintake.C.Byengagingdistractionactivities.D.Byconsumingartificialsweeteners.【答案】28.B29.A30.C31.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了糖成癮的危害及如何戒除糖癮?！?8題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Sugar’saddictivepowerisnomyth.AstudyinPLoSONEfound94%ofratspreferredartificiallysweetenedwatertococaine.(糖的成癮性并非虛言。PLoSONE上的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，94%的老鼠更喜歡人工加糖的水而不是可卡因)”可知，作者提到PLoSONE上的老鼠研究是為了展示糖的強(qiáng)大吸引力。故選B?！?9題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段劃線詞后劃線詞前“Naturalsugarsaresafe(天然糖是安全的)”及“ourbrain’spleasuresystem,makingpeopleaddictive.(我們大腦的快樂(lè)系統(tǒng)，使人上癮)”可知，天然糖是安全的，但是加工糖會(huì)讓人上癮，所以可以推斷出是加工糖控制了我們大腦的愉悅系統(tǒng)才導(dǎo)致人上癮，hijack的意思與A選項(xiàng)Control“控制”意義相近。故選A?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Shealsoexplainshowcravingsarerootedindietarypatterns.Forexample,manypeoplefeelmentallyunsatisfiedwithoutdesserts,evenwhenfull.(她還解釋了食欲渴望是如何根源于飲食模式的。例如，許多人即使吃飽了，如果沒(méi)有甜點(diǎn)，也會(huì)感到精神上不滿足)”可知，對(duì)糖的渴望往往與人們的飲食習(xí)慣有關(guān)。故選C?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Whenemotionaleatingkicksin,wecanresistitwith5-minutedistractionssuchascallingafriendorlisteningtomusic.(當(dāng)情緒化進(jìn)食開(kāi)始時(shí)，我們可以通過(guò)5分鐘的分散注意力活動(dòng)來(lái)抵制它，比如給朋友打電話或聽(tīng)音樂(lè))”可知，人們可以通過(guò)參與分散注意力的活動(dòng)來(lái)減少對(duì)糖的渴望。故選C。DNolandArbaugwasparalyzedbelowtheshouldersafteradivingaccident,losingphysicalmovementinhislimbs.InJanuary2024,eightyearspost-injury,hebecamethefirstrecipientofabrainimplant(植入)fromNeuralink,aUSneurotechnologyfirmfoundedbyElonMusk.Thisbrain-computerinterface(BCI),whichhasgonethroughmedicalresearchsession,translatesthoughtsintocomputercommands,enablingNolandtocontrolacomputerwithhismind,thoughitwon’timprovethecognitiveabilities.BCIdetectselectricalsignalswhicharegeneratedwhenhumansthinkaboutmovingandtransformthesesignalsintodigitalcommands,suchasmovingamouseonascreen.Neuralink’sinvolvementhasbroughtthisdecades-oldtechnologyintothespotlight,arousingpublicinterestaswellasdoubtovertheinvasive(侵入)procedure’ssafety.ExpertshailNoland’simplantasasignificantmilestone,thoughtheynotethatafullassessmentwouldtaketime,givenMusk’spublicityinfluence.ThankstoBCI,Nolandcouldcontrolamousebythinkingaboutbendinghisfingers,allowinghimtoperformtaskslikeplayingchesswithothers.However,heencounteredsometechnicalissues.Forinstance,hefacedatemporarydisconnectionthatcausedhimtolosecontrolofhiscomputer.Despitepotentialbenefits,concernsoveraffordabilityandimplantationsurgeryfailureremain.AnilSeth,aneuroscientistfromSussexUniversity,pointsoutthatexportingbrainactivitycanexposepersonalthoughts,beliefs,andfeelingstoothers.Fortunately,engineershavemanagedtoenhancetheconnectionandsecurethedatabase.Neuralinkisn’taloneinthisfield.Synchron’sproduct,alessinvasivedeviceimplantedthroughthejugularvein(頸靜脈),alsoconnectstothebrain’smotorregion,translatingthoughtsintodigitaloutputs.Oneuserreportedthatheexperiencedavirtualtravelusingthedevice.Nolandisuncertainwhatimpactthedevicewillhaveonhiminthefuture.However,hebelieveshisjourneyisjustthestartofawidespreadreality.Nolandremainsoptimisticaboutfutureadvancements,hopingtocontrolhiswheelchairorevenahumanoidrobot.WhileBCIholdshugepotentialforchanginglives,especiallyforthosewithparalysis,theymustovercomecomplexpossiblechallenges.32.Whatisthefunctionofthebrain-computerinterface?A.Toenhancetheabilitytocomprehend.B.Toshiftthoughtsintocomputercommands.C.Tomonitorbrainactivityformedicalresearch.D.Torecoverphysicalmovementinparalyzedlimbs.33.WhatcanbeinferredaboutNoland’sbrainimplantfromparagraph2?A.Itssafetyhasraisedtheexperts’concern.B.Itsinvasivenatureisacceptableforthepublic.C.Ithasbeenreferredtoasamajorstepforward.D.Ithasbeenregardedasafullyproventechnology.34.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsBCI?A.Indifferent. B.Favorable. C.Disapproving. D.Objective.35.Whichofthefollowingisthemainideaofthepassage?A.ThevitalimpactontheparalyzedfromBCI.B.TheroleofMuskinthedevelopmentofBCI.C.ThecooperationamongcompaniesoverBCI.D.ThepotentialandchallengesbroughtbyBCI.【答案】32.B33.C34.D35.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了腦機(jī)接口（BCI）技術(shù)，特別是Neuralink公司的腦植入物，以及這項(xiàng)技術(shù)如何幫助癱瘓患者NolandArbaug通過(guò)思維控制計(jì)算機(jī)?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Thisbrain-computerinterface(BCI),whichhasgonethroughmedicalresearchsession,translatesthoughtsintocomputercommands,enablingNolandtocontrolacomputerwithhismind,thoughitwon’timprovethecognitiveabilities.(這種腦機(jī)接口（BCI）已經(jīng)經(jīng)過(guò)了醫(yī)學(xué)研究，它可以將思想轉(zhuǎn)化為計(jì)算機(jī)命令，使諾蘭能夠用他的思想控制計(jì)算機(jī)，盡管它不會(huì)提高認(rèn)知能力)”可知，腦機(jī)接口的功能是將人的思維轉(zhuǎn)化為計(jì)算機(jī)指令，從而讓他能夠用大腦控制計(jì)算機(jī)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“ExpertshailNoland’simplantasasignificantmilestone,thoughtheynotethatafullassessmentwouldtaketime,givenMusk’spublicityinfluence.(專家稱贊諾蘭的植入是一個(gè)重要的里程碑，盡管他們指出，考慮到馬斯克的宣傳影響力，全面評(píng)估需要時(shí)間)”可知，專家們稱贊諾蘭的植入手術(shù)是一個(gè)重要的里程碑，意味著它被認(rèn)為是向前邁出的重要一步。故選C項(xiàng)。【34題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Thisbrain-computerinterface(BCI),whichhasgonethroughmedicalresearchsession,translatesthoughtsintocomputercommands,enablingNolandtocontrolacomputerwithhismind,thoughitwon’timprovethecognitiveabilities.(這種腦機(jī)接口（BCI）已經(jīng)經(jīng)過(guò)了醫(yī)學(xué)研究，它可以將思想轉(zhuǎn)化為計(jì)算機(jī)命令，使諾蘭能夠用他的思想控制計(jì)算機(jī)，盡管它不會(huì)提高認(rèn)知能力)”，第二段中“ExpertshailNoland’simplantasasignificantmilestone,thoughtheynotethatafullassessmentwouldtaketime,givenMusk’spublicityinfluence.(專家稱贊諾蘭的植入是一個(gè)重要的里程碑，盡管他們指出，考慮到馬斯克的宣傳影響力，全面評(píng)估需要時(shí)間)”以及第三段中“ThankstoBCI,Nolandcouldcontrolamousebythinkingaboutbendinghisfingers,allowinghimtoperformtaskslikeplayingchesswithothers.However,heencounteredsometechnicalissues.Forinstance,hefacedatemporarydisconnectionthatcausedhimtolosecontrolofhiscomputer.Despitepotentialbenefits,concernsoveraffordabilityandimplantationsurgeryfailureremain.(多虧了腦機(jī)接口，諾蘭可以通過(guò)彎曲手指來(lái)控制鼠標(biāo)，從而完成與他人下棋等任務(wù)。然而，他遇到了一些技術(shù)問(wèn)題。例如，他遇到了一個(gè)暫時(shí)的斷網(wǎng)，導(dǎo)致他失去了對(duì)電腦的控制。盡管有潛在的好處，但對(duì)可負(fù)擔(dān)性和植入手術(shù)失敗的擔(dān)憂仍然存在)”可知，文中闡述了腦機(jī)接口的應(yīng)用，如癱瘓者用大腦控制電腦，并提到了它存在的問(wèn)題，如技術(shù)問(wèn)題、安全性擔(dān)憂、隱私問(wèn)題等，對(duì)腦機(jī)接口進(jìn)行了客觀的描述和分析，沒(méi)有表現(xiàn)出明顯的偏好或反對(duì)，所以作者的態(tài)度是客觀的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Nolandisuncertainwhatimpactthedevicewillhaveonhiminthefuture.However,hebelieveshisjourneyisjustthestartofawidespreadreality.Nolandremainsoptimisticaboutfutureadvancements,hopingtocontrolhiswheelchairorevenahumanoidrobot.WhileBCIholdshugepotentialforchanginglives,especiallyforthosewithparalysis,theymustovercomecomplexpossiblechallenges.(諾蘭不確定這個(gè)裝置將來(lái)會(huì)對(duì)他產(chǎn)生什么影響。然而，他相信他的旅程只是一個(gè)普遍現(xiàn)實(shí)的開(kāi)始。諾蘭仍然對(duì)未來(lái)的發(fā)展持樂(lè)觀態(tài)度，希望能夠控制他的輪椅，甚至是一個(gè)人形機(jī)器人。雖然腦機(jī)接口具有改變生活的巨大潛力，特別是對(duì)癱瘓患者來(lái)說(shuō)，但他們必須克服可能面臨的復(fù)雜挑戰(zhàn))”以及縱觀全文可知，文章主要講述了腦機(jī)接口（BCI）的功能，如將思想轉(zhuǎn)化為計(jì)算機(jī)指令，幫助像諾蘭這樣的癱瘓患者完成一些任務(wù)；同時(shí)也提到了它面臨的挑戰(zhàn)，如技術(shù)問(wèn)題、安全性、可負(fù)擔(dān)性、隱私問(wèn)題等。所以文章的主旨是腦機(jī)接口帶來(lái)的潛力和挑戰(zhàn)。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。PracticalStrategiesforSupportingSomeonewithAnxietyAnxietydisordersaffectapproximately1in4adolescents,makingdailylifeoverwhelming.Yet,yoursmallactsofcompassionandproactivesupportcancreatealifelineforthosestruggling.____36____Offerempathy,notjudgment.Youdon’tneedtobeapsychologyexperttohelp.Beginbylearningbasicanxietyknowledge.Commonsignsarearacingheart,avoidance,orirrationalfears.Anxietycanmakepeopleoverlysensitiveandfearful.Remember,panicattacksaren’tjustduetostress.____37____.Withthisunderstanding,youcanrespondtoothersempatheticallyratherthanjudgmentally.Respondwithnon-solutionlistening.Whensomeonesharestheiranxiety,resisttheurgetosolveit.____38____.Withoutofferingsolution,tryrespondingwith“Thatsoundsoverwhelming—tellmemore.”Avoidoverusedphraseslike“Calmdown!”Instead,validatetheirfeelings:“Itmakessenseyoufeelthatway.”Researchshowsthatjustnon-solutionlisteningreducesanxietyby40%inacutesituations.____39____.Consistencybuildstrust.Textweekly:“Howwasyourpresentationtoday?”Invitethemtolow-pressureactivities—awalk,notaparty.Noticepatterns:“I’veseenyouavoidcrowdslately—wanttotalkaboutthat?”Small,regularcheck-inssignal:“You’renotaloneinthis.”Knowwhentoencourageprofessionalhelp.Yoursupporthaslimits.Severeanxietysignsneedmorethanpeersupport.Ifanxietyaffectsschool,sleep,orrelationships,gentlysuggestfindingacounselortogether,likesaying“Icareaboutyou—let’sfindacounselortogether.”Shareresourcessuchasalistofanxiety-specializedtherapists.Inconclusion,youractionscanbreaktheirsilenceandisolation,offeringhopeandstrengthtoovercomeanxiety.____40____.A.Theyneedacknowledgment,notinstantcures.B.Letyoursupportguidethemthroughtoughtimes.C.Mostpeoplewithanxietybenefitfrommedication.D.Maintainconsistentsupportthroughsmallgestures.E.Normalizeconversationsaboutmentalhealthstruggles.F.Here’showtotranslateyourempathyintomeaningfulactions.G.