選擇性必修

第二冊(cè)UNIT1

SCIENCEANDSCIENTISTS(本欄目對(duì)應(yīng)學(xué)生用書P178)目錄1每日早晚必背2課前語(yǔ)基夯實(shí)3考點(diǎn)多維突破4能力優(yōu)化集訓(xùn)5課時(shí)作業(yè)★每日早晚必背假定你是李華，你的外國(guó)筆友Jeff得知你參加了你校學(xué)生會(huì)主辦的“我最敬愛的科學(xué)家”故事分享會(huì)，寫信詢問(wèn)有關(guān)情況。請(qǐng)你回復(fù)郵件分享這次經(jīng)歷。內(nèi)容包括：

1.感謝關(guān)注；2.你的分享；3.你的感想。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫?！炯盐谋痴b】DearJeff，

I’mgladtoknowthatyouare

interested

inthestory-sharingmeetingwiththethemeof“Mymostadmiredscientist”heldbythestudents’unionofourschool.Iwouldliketotellyousomedetailsaboutit. Intheactivity，weallenthusiasticallyintroducedthescientistsweadmiremost，suchasNewton，Einstein，ChenJingrun，etc.ThescientistIadmiremostisQianXuesen，whoisthemostoutstandingrepresentativefigureoftheaerospacefield.WhatIadmirehimmostisthatheovercame

numerous

obstaclestoreturntohismotherlandandparticipated

intheconstructionofnewChina. Weweresodeeplyinspiredbythesescientiststhatwedetermined

to

becomethepillarsofourmotherlandinthefuture.Yours，LiHua【詞匯積累】beinterestedin對(duì)……感興趣enthusiasticallyadv.熱情地outstandingadj.杰出的overcamenumerousobstacles克服了無(wú)數(shù)障礙participatein參加determinetodo決定做【句式仿寫】1.令我難忘的是他在面對(duì)困難時(shí)從不放棄。（what引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句）

thathenevergaveupwhenfacedwithdifficulties.

2.我太感動(dòng)了，禁不住淚如泉涌。（so+adj.+that從句）I

Ilostcontrolandthetearsbegantoflow.

Whatmademeunforgettablewaswassotouched/movedthat?高頻重點(diǎn)詞匯◎核心詞匯

會(huì)運(yùn)用1.

n.病毒

2.

n.思想；思維；見解

3.

adj.大量的；價(jià)值巨大的；重大的

4.

n.細(xì)胞；小房間；單間牢房

5.

n.發(fā)現(xiàn)；調(diào)查結(jié)果；（法律）判決

★課前語(yǔ)基夯實(shí)virusthinkingsubstantialcellfinding6.

adj.可靠的；固體的；堅(jiān)實(shí)的

n.固體7.

n.混凝土adj.混凝土制的；確實(shí)的；具體的

8.

adj.抽象的；理論上的n.（文獻(xiàn)等的）摘要

9.

n.概念；觀念

10.

adj.優(yōu)秀的；杰出的；明顯的

11.

adj.聰穎的；絕妙的；明亮的

solid

concreteabstractconceptoutstandingbrilliant12.

adj.極為惡劣的；十分嚴(yán)重的；嚴(yán)厲的

13.

n.減少；降低；減少量

vt.&

vi.（使大小、數(shù)量等）減少；減??；降低14.

vt.投射；向……投以（視線、笑容等）；投擲

15.

vt.倒出；傾瀉；斟（飲料）

severedecreasecastpour【語(yǔ)境活用】根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示完成句子1.Yourclaimoughttosucceed，inwhichcasethedamageswillbe

（大量的）.

2.Thisswitchhas

（減少）pollutioninthecountry’smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.

3.The

（細(xì)胞）istheunitofwhichalllivingorganismsarecomposed.

4.Heisaterrificathleteanda

（聰穎的）jumper.

substantialdecreasedcellbrilliant5.Amodern

（抽象的）paintingtakesoveronecompletewall.

6.Henowhereoffers

（具體的）historicalbackgroundtosupporthisarguments.

7.Whenyouwanttorelaxafteralongdayofwork，turnonyourTVand

（斟）yourselfacupofhotchocolatetomakeyourselfrefreshed.

8.Asisknowntousall，ChenWeiisan

（杰出的）Chinesewomanscientistinthefieldofmedicine.

9.Thedeathofherhusbandhas

（投射）ashadowonherlife.

abstractconcretepouroutstandingcast◎拓展詞匯

能提升1.

adj.懊惱的；沮喪的；失意的→

vt.使沮喪；挫?。蛔柚埂?/p>

adj.令人泄氣的；使人沮喪的→

n.挫折；失??；失意

2.

vt.使感染；傳染→

n.感染；傳染→

adj.傳染的；有感染力的

3.

vi.認(rèn)購(gòu)（股份）；定期訂購(gòu)；定期交納（會(huì)費(fèi)）→

n.訂閱→

n.訂戶

frustratedfrustratefrustratingfrustrationinfectinfectioninfectioussubscribesubscriptionsubscriber4.

adj.相互矛盾的；對(duì)立的；不一致的→

n.矛盾；反駁

5.

adj.數(shù)量多的；多種多樣的→

v.乘；成倍增加；（使）繁殖

6.

vt.&

vi.

懷疑；疑有；不信任n.犯罪嫌疑人；可疑對(duì)象→

adj.可疑的；起疑心的；懷疑的

7.

vt.把……歸咎于；責(zé)怪；指責(zé)n.指責(zé)；責(zé)備→

adj.應(yīng)受責(zé)備的；該受責(zé)備的→

adj.無(wú)可指責(zé)的→

adv.無(wú)可責(zé)難地

contradictorycontradictionmultiplemultiplysuspectsuspiciousblameblamefulblamelessblamelessly8.

n.把手；拉手；柄vt.處理；搬動(dòng)；操縱→

n.操作者；組織者

9.

n.聯(lián)系；紐帶vt.把……連接起來(lái)；相關(guān)聯(lián)→

n.連接器→

adj.連接的

10.

adj.干凈的；純的；純粹的→

adv.

純粹地→

vt.凈化

11.

vt.使改觀；使改變形態(tài)vi.改變；轉(zhuǎn)變→

n.轉(zhuǎn)變；變化

12.

adj.最初的；開始的；第一的→

adv.

最初

handlehandlerlinklinkerlinkedpurepurelypurifytransformtransformationinitialinitially13.

adj.機(jī)械的；發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的；機(jī)器的→

n.機(jī)械師；機(jī)械修理工

14.

vt.保衛(wèi)；防守；辯解→

n.防衛(wèi)；防御措施→

adj.防守的；防御的；懷有戒心的

15.

n.助理；助手→

v.幫助；有助益→

n.幫助；援助

16.

adj.有天賦的；有天才的；天資聰慧的→

n.禮物；贈(zèng)品；天賦；天才

mechanicalmechanicdefenddefense/defencedefensiveassistantassistassistancegiftedgift17.

n.弱點(diǎn)；過(guò)錯(cuò)→

adj.有錯(cuò)誤的；有缺點(diǎn)的；出毛病的

18.

n.改變；轉(zhuǎn)換；輪班vt.&

vi.轉(zhuǎn)移；挪動(dòng)；轉(zhuǎn)向→_________

adj.變化的；詭詐的；不可靠的→

adj.懶惰的；不思上進(jìn)的；沒(méi)出息的

19.

adj.生動(dòng)的；鮮明的；豐富的→

adv.

生動(dòng)地；清晰地

faultfaultyshiftshiftyshiftlessvividvividly【語(yǔ)境活用】使用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Thepolicehaveeliminatedtwo

（suspect）fromtheirinvestigation.

2.Thatcountryhas

fromabackwardagriculturalcountryintoanadvancedindustrialcountry.Thatistosaythecountryhasmadeacomplete

.（transform）

3.Intimeofwar，lotsofmoneywasspenton

andmanymeasuresweretakento

acountryfrombeingattacked.（defend）

suspectstransformedtransformationdefence/defensedefend4.Hedescribed

whathesawinLondon，givingusa_________

pictureaboutpeople’slifethere.（vivid）

5.Duetotheoutbreakof

disease，peopleallovertheworldwhodon’twantto

arewearingmaskstoreducetheriskof

.（infect）

6.Ifyouwanttoreadthenewsusingyourmobilephone，youcan________

tothedigitalnewspaperandtheannual

isjust$20.(subscribe)

7.Siri，avirtual

createdbyApple，hastheabilityto

theuserstoperformcertainactionsandSiri’s

providesgreatconvenience.（assist）

vividlyvividinfectiousbeinfectedinfectionsubscribesubscriptionassistantassistassistance?高頻短語(yǔ)串記※單元短語(yǔ)再現(xiàn)【語(yǔ)境活用】選用所給短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空1.We

illnessesmoreeasilywhenunderstress.

2.Thisincidentmakesitclearthattheproblemwearefacingneedssolving

.

inchargeof；thanksto；comedownwith；aboveall；subscribeto；onceandforall；breakoutcomedownwithonceandforall3.ThereisabusinessphilosophyI

，whichsaysthatifyouarenotmakingmistakes，youarenotdoingitright.

4.Theteacher

thechildrenhastoaccompanythemonthecoach.

5.Whenwar

，hehadtoendurefourmonths’internmentasanenemyalien.

6.Hispithyadvicetoyoungpainterswas，“

，keepyourcoloursfresh.”

7.

yourhelp，weaccomplishedthetaskaheadofschedule.

subscribetoinchargeofbrokeoutAboveallThanksto?重點(diǎn)句型仿寫1.have

sth.

done使某事被做Itseemedthatthewomanlikedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshehaditdeliveredtoherhouseeveryday.

似乎是這個(gè)女人如此喜歡水泵的水以至于她每天都把水運(yùn)到她家。［仿寫］Whenhewalkeddowntothecorner，he_____________________

（讓人畫了他的畫像）inuniform.

hadhisportraitpainted2.more

likely…than…表示“比……更有可能……”Thepeoplewhodrankthiswaterweremuchmorelikelytogetcholerathanthosewhodrankpureorboiledwater.

喝這種水的人比喝純凈水或白開水的人更有可能感染霍亂。［仿寫］Retailerswho’reresponsiveandfriendlyare__________________

（比……更有可能解決問(wèn)題）thosewhoaren’t.

morelikelytosolveproblemsthan3.since引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句Sincehecamedownwithadiseasewhichcausedhimtolosetheuseofmostofhismuscles，hisworldbecameoneofabstractthought.

由于他得了一種使他失去大部分肌肉功能的疾病，他的世界變成了一個(gè)抽象的思想世界。［仿寫］Wethoughtthat，

（既然到了這里），we’dstopbyandseethem.

sincewegothere?詞匯精磨1.blame

vt.把……歸咎于；指責(zé)；責(zé)怪n.指責(zé)；責(zé)備【探究歸納】★考點(diǎn)多維突破【典例示范】IoftenhadcrazydreamsinwhichIwas

to

blame

forMiller’saccident.我經(jīng)常做瘋狂的夢(mèng)，在夢(mèng)里我應(yīng)為米勒的事故承擔(dān)責(zé)任?！炯磳W(xué)即練】單句語(yǔ)法填空/同義句轉(zhuǎn)換（1）Manyscientistsagreethathumanactivitywillbe_________________

（blame）fortheEarth’ssixthmassextinction.

toblame

（2）Lilythinksthegirlshouldn’tblameherself

whathappened.

（3）Iusedtoblamemyparentsformessingupmylife.→Iusedtoblamemymessylife

myparents.

→Iusedto

formessingupmylife

myparents.

foronput/laytheblameon2.suspect

vt.&

vi.懷疑；疑有；不信任n.犯罪嫌疑人；可疑對(duì)象【探究歸納】【典例示范】Wesuspecttheyaretryingtohidesomething，hencetheneedforanindependentinquiry.我們懷疑他們?cè)谄髨D隱瞞什么事，因此有必要進(jìn)行獨(dú)立調(diào)查?！炯磳W(xué)即練】單句語(yǔ)法填空/同義句轉(zhuǎn)換（1）Therewereoneortwo

（suspect）looksfromnearby.

suspicious（2）Shesuspectedherhusband

takinghermoney.

（3）Theybecamesuspicious

hisbehaviourandcontactedthepolice.

（4）Isuspecthimtobethethief，ashecan’texplainthesourceofhismoney.→I

，ashecan’texplainthesourceofhismoney.（賓語(yǔ)從句）

ofof/aboutsuspectthatheisthethief3.severe

adj.極為惡劣的；十分嚴(yán)重的；嚴(yán)厲的【探究歸納】【典例示范】Manypeoplefeelthepunishmentshouldhavebeenmoresevere.許多人感覺這個(gè)懲罰本應(yīng)該更嚴(yán)厲些。Iftheinjuredareinaseverecondition，donotremovethem，administeremergencytreatmentifpossible，andarrangeanambulance.如果傷者處于嚴(yán)重的情況，不要移動(dòng)他們；如果可能，則安排緊急處理辦法，同時(shí)安排救護(hù)車?！炯磳W(xué)即練】單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子（1）Punishmentfromthepoliceisoftenmoresevere

studentsandwillpreventfuturebullyingbetter.

（2）Anyonebreakingthelawwillbe

（severe）punished.

（3）Thechanceofafullrecoverywilldependonthe

（severe）ofherinjuries.

（4）在上次的選舉中這個(gè)黨派遭受了嚴(yán)重的損失。Thepartysuffered

duringthelastelection.

on/withseverelyseverity

severelosses4.link

n.聯(lián)系；紐帶

vt.把……連接起來(lái)；相關(guān)聯(lián)【探究歸納】【典例示范】Peopleoftenlinktheirmemoryofwhatthey’vereadtohowfarintothebookitwasorwhereitwasonthepage.人們通常會(huì)把他們對(duì)所讀內(nèi)容的記憶與書的深度或在書頁(yè)上的位置聯(lián)系起來(lái)?！炯磳W(xué)即練】單句語(yǔ)法填空/同義句轉(zhuǎn)換（1）Therelationshipsyoudevelopnowwillprobablybelinked_________

theonesyouvaluelater.

（2）Sincethepoorestareleastlikelytomakeupfortheirlossesfromdisasters

（link）toElNi?o，reducingtheirlossesneedstobethepriority.

（3）WeofferadvicetoPolishcompanieswhowanttolinkup___________

businessesinthiscountry.

to/withlinked

with（4）Thegirllikesyellowthatislinkedwithconfidenceandself-respect.→Thegirllikesyellow

confidenceandself-respect.（省略句）

linkedwith5.transform

vt.使改觀；使改變形態(tài)vi.改變；轉(zhuǎn)變【探究歸納】【典例示范】I’mfullyawareit’stheexperiencefrommylifeabroadthathastotallytransformedme.我充分地意識(shí)到，正是我在國(guó)外的經(jīng)歷完全改變了我?！炯磳W(xué)即練】單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子（1）Sincethen，thissocietyhasmovedonward，neverlookingback，asthecartransformedAmerica

afarm-basedsociety

anindustrialpower.

frominto（2）Bothmenmadedramatic

（transform）totheirlivestoreconnectwithnature.

（3）公司可以抓住一個(gè)好機(jī)會(huì)在幾年內(nèi)成長(zhǎng)為巨人。Acompanycanseizeagoodopportunityto

giantsinafewyears.

transformationtransforminto6.decrease

n.減少；降低；減少量vt.&

vi.（使大小、數(shù)量等）減少；減??；降低【探究歸納】【典例示范】Thenumberoftouriststothisareaison

the

decrease.來(lái)這個(gè)地區(qū)旅游的人數(shù)正在減少。Beingaddictedtoonlineshoppingfortoolong，accordingtoasurveyconductedrecently，willgreatlydecreasepeople’sdesiretotakepartinsocialactivities.根據(jù)最近進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示，長(zhǎng)時(shí)間沉迷于網(wǎng)絡(luò)購(gòu)物將極大地減少人們參加社交活動(dòng)的欲望?！炯磳W(xué)即練】單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子（1）Wefoundthedemandforthemilkwasis

thedecrease.

（2）Bytheendofthestudy，thatpercentagehaddecreased

half，to45percent.

（3）去年他的收入減少了20%。Lastyeartherewas

hisearnings.

onbya20%decreasein7.thanks

to幸虧；由于【探究歸納】【典例示范】Owing

tothebadweather，theflightwasdelayed.由于天氣不好，航班延誤了。We’vereachedourgoalof$500，000，

thanks

tothegenerosityofthepublic.由于公眾的慷慨解囊，我們已經(jīng)達(dá)到了我們50萬(wàn)美元的目標(biāo)?！炯磳W(xué)即練】單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子（1）Hewasintheblues

accountofhisfailureinbusiness.

（2）Theprojectwasrunninglate，

（owe）tounforseencircumstances.

（3）Hewasforcedtoretirebecause

illhealth.

onowingof（4）由于現(xiàn)代技術(shù)的普及，現(xiàn)在受過(guò)培訓(xùn)的工人的作用比以往任何時(shí)候都更為重要。

thespreadofmoderntechnology，trainedworkersarenowmorevitalthanever.

Thanksto?句型透視（教材P2）Itseemedthatthewomanlikedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshehad

it

deliveredtoherhouseeveryday.

似乎是這個(gè)女人如此喜歡水泵的水以至于她每天都把水運(yùn)到她家?！揪涫教釤挕吭摼渲械摹癶aditdelivered”從“havesth.done”這一結(jié)構(gòu)演變而來(lái)?！練w納拓展】語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象本句中的“havesth.done”意為“某事被做”結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)done在句中作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，與賓語(yǔ)存在邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。句式演變（1）havesb./sth.doingsth.意為“讓某人或某物一直做某事”。在否定句中，尤其與won’t，can’t等連用時(shí)，可表示“不允許”之意。（2）havesb.dosth.意為“讓/使某人做某事”，通常強(qiáng)調(diào)一次性動(dòng)作。（3）havesth.todo意為“有某事要完成”。如果不定式的動(dòng)作由主語(yǔ)來(lái)完成，需其用主動(dòng)形式；如果不定式的動(dòng)作不是由主語(yǔ)來(lái)完成，需用其被動(dòng)式（tobedone）?！镜淅痉丁縃ehad

his

finger

cut

offinanaccidentatwork.他在一次工傷中被切斷了手指。【即學(xué)即練】單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子（1）You’dbetterhaveyoureyes

（examine）tomorrow.

（2）Petersayssorrytothewomanbecausehehadher

（stand）therefortwohours.

examinedstanding（3）Tellthepersonyou’resorryandexplainthatyouhaveamillionthings

（do）andthenaskifthetwoofyoucantalkatadifferenttime.

（4）我需要一本新護(hù)照，所以不得不拍新照片。IneedanewpassportsoIwillhaveto

.

todohavemyphotos/photographstakenⅠ.語(yǔ)境辨義根據(jù)語(yǔ)境寫出黑體詞的詞性及含義1.UndertheleadershipoftheParty，wearemarchingfromvictorytovictory.

2.Ifyouencounterenginetrouble，youtakeyourcartoamechanic.

3.Thecoachandhisteamwereinterviewedfortheiroutstandingperformance.

★能力優(yōu)化集訓(xùn)n.領(lǐng)導(dǎo)n.機(jī)械師；機(jī)械修理工adj.優(yōu)秀的4.Someofusagreethatbeautyitselfisabstract.

5.Thisconceptisnoteasytounderstandbecausethewordsseemtohaveoppositemeanings.

6.Abirdwatcher，armedwithatelescope，foundthepetsittingdesperatelyonarock.

7.Weshouldbebroad-mindedandlearntooverlookotherpeople’sslightfaults.

adj.抽象的n.概念n.望遠(yuǎn)鏡n.過(guò)錯(cuò)Ⅱ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.Tabletennisis

aninterestinggamethatpeopleallovertheworldplayit.

2.Theseresultsareafurther

（prove）ofhisoutstandingability.

3.Icanstill

（vivid）remembermygrandfatherteachingmetoplaycards.

4.Ientirelybelievethatyouarenotlinked

whathadhappenedjustnow.

suchproofvividlyto/with5.Iconvincedthemtosubscribe

myplan，butlatertheychangedtheirminds.

6.Inasense，weshouldblamethepresentterribleenvironment__________

human’soverconsumption.

7.Themanoverthereisa

pianistandhehasagreat

forplayingthepiano.（gift）

8.Ioftengot

inthisjobandtheconstant

almostmademequitthejob.（frustrate）

toongiftedgiftfrustratedfrustration9.Webelievetheproblemliesindecidingwhento

andthatthe

willhelpsettletheproblem.（intervene）

10.

，Idisagreewithhisproposal，butlaterIchangedmy

mind.（initial）

interveneinterventionInitiallyinitialⅢ.選詞填空用本單元所學(xué)詞匯完成下列短文，并背誦該短文。（黑體詞匯為本單元詞匯）onceandforall；subscribeto；breakout；inchargeof；comedownwith；aboveall；betoblame；thanksto

Sincetheseveredisease1.

，manypeopleallovertheworldhavebeeninfected.Chineseoutstanding，giftedandpatrioticspecialistsinepidemiologyandtheirassistantshavebeen2.

tracingthesourceofthevirusinordertodefendmorepeoplefrombeingkilled.Theydesiredtoproduceavaccinetohandlethedeadlydisease3.

.Initially，withconcrete

proofcollected，theysuspectedthatwildbats4.

.Butbyobservingtheviruswithmicroscopes，theygatheredsolidandmultiple

statisticsandmasteredtheframeworkofthevirus，whichgraduallytransformedtheirinitial

thinking.Allthefindings

brokeoutinchargeofonceandforallweretoblamemadethem5.

theideathattheviruswasnotdirectlylinkedtothebats，whichmadethebrilliantexpertsfrustrated.Thisalsocastashadowontheexperts，sotheyhadtoshifttowardhowtopreventthevirusfromspreadingamongpeople.6.

，thelessfrequentlywegoout，thelesslikelywewill7.

thedeadlydisease.Furthermore，takinginmoreproteinandeatingmorevegetablesaregoodchoicesaswell.Lastbutnotleast，whatweshoulddoisthatwemustwearmasksoutdoors.8.

theseinterventions，thethreatofdiseaseinChinasawasubstantial

decrease.WhatwehaveexperiencedsubscribetoAboveall

comedownwithThankstohastaughtustodevelopgoodeatinghabits，suchasdrinkingpureorboiledwaterandavoidingrawfoods.Inconclusion，underourcountry’sleadership，wehaveachievedsteadysuccess.

Ⅳ.微寫作根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示并運(yùn)用本單元的詞匯和語(yǔ)法寫一段話上周我們上科學(xué)課時(shí)，負(fù)責(zé)教我們班的李老師微笑著問(wèn)我們?yōu)槭裁刺剿魇侵匾摹Ｂ牭竭@個(gè)問(wèn)題后，我們進(jìn)行了一場(chǎng)熱烈的討論，并各自發(fā)表自己的看法。一些學(xué)生認(rèn)為探索世界創(chuàng)造了理論和實(shí)踐之間的聯(lián)系，這對(duì)我們的創(chuàng)造性思維非常重要。其他同學(xué)認(rèn)為探索引領(lǐng)著我們發(fā)現(xiàn)更多奧秘。最重要的是，我們更有可能找到一些不好的事情發(fā)生的原因?！敬鸢浮縊nepossibleversion：Whenwetookscienceclasslastweek，MissLi，whowasinchargeofourclass，

castusasmileandaskedwhyitwasimportanttoexplore.Hearingthisquestion，wehadsuchaheateddiscussionthatweexpressedouropinionsrespectively.Somestudentsheldtheviewthatexploringtheworldcreatedthelinkbetweentheoryandpractice，whichwasimportanttoourcreativethinking.Otherstudentsthoughttheexplorationledustodiscovermoremysteries.Aboveall，weweremorelikelytofindthecausethatwastoblameforsomethingbad.（本欄目對(duì)應(yīng)課時(shí)作業(yè)P509）Ⅰ.完形填空（2024年遼寧省沈陽(yáng)市三模）A40-year-oldmaninChinafoundhiscalling—teachingquantummechanics（量子力學(xué)）onsocialmedia—afterbeingunemployedformorethan20years.LiWei，fromQinghaiProvinceinnorthwesternChina，became

1

forteachingscienceinaneasy-to-understandwayonhisDouyinaccount.

1.A.evident B.attractiveC.effective D.popular√1.根據(jù)第二段中的“Suchishispopularity”和語(yǔ)境可知，李巍因在抖音上以通俗易懂的方式教授量子力學(xué)而受歡迎。故選D項(xiàng)。 Suchishispopularity，hehas

2

1.8millionfollowers.“Idon’tlike

3

people，”Lisaid.He

4

abachelor’sdegreeinlaw20yearsago，buthedidnotfind

5

inthatfieldbecauseofhispersonality.“I2.A.accumulated B.toldC.urged D.admired3.A.listeningto B.waitingforC.dealingwith D.talkingabout4.A.needed B.gainedC.offered D.refused5.A.employment B.expertsC.information D.applications

√√√√2.根據(jù)下文中的“1.8millionfollowers”和語(yǔ)境可知，他已經(jīng)積累了180萬(wàn)粉絲。故選A項(xiàng)。3.根據(jù)下文中的“becauseofhispersonality”可推知，他不喜歡與人打交道。故選C項(xiàng)。4.根據(jù)下文中的“abachelor’sdegreeinlaw20yearsago”和語(yǔ)境可知，他在20年前獲得了法學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位。故選B項(xiàng)。5.根據(jù)第一段中的“afterbeingunemployedformorethan20years”可知，他由于性格問(wèn)題，沒(méi)有在那個(gè)領(lǐng)域就業(yè)。故選A項(xiàng)。sufferedagreatfailure，”hesaid.Theturningpointinhis

6

cametwoyearsagowhenhe

7

hisfriendinthephotovoltaic（光伏電池的）businessandwas

8

tofindthatlotsofpeoplehavenoknowledgeofthetechnology.

6.A.game B.careerC.relationship D.growth7.A.left B.savedC.joined D.believed8.A.anxious B.horrifiedC.surprised D.eager√√√6.根據(jù)上文中的“buthedidnotfind

5

inthatfield…”可知，兩年前，他職業(yè)生涯的轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)了。故選B項(xiàng)。

7.根據(jù)下文中的“hisfriendinthephotovoltaic（光電的）business”可推知，他加入了朋友的光伏業(yè)務(wù)。故選C項(xiàng)。8.根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容和下文中的“tofindthatlotsofpeoplehavenoknowledgeofthetechnology”可知，他加入朋友的光伏業(yè)務(wù)，驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)很多人對(duì)這項(xiàng)技術(shù)一無(wú)所知。故選C項(xiàng)。 Photovoltaicpower

9

aspecialelectricalsystemthatproducesenergyfroma

10

andinexhaustiblesource，usuallythesun.Withastrong

11

tohelppeopleunderstand，Licameupwiththeideaofcreatingclipstoteachscienceusingsimpleeverydaywords

12

ofterms.9.A.resultsin B.respondstoC.looksfor D.refersto10.A.strange B.reputableC.secret D.renewable11.A.desire B.traditionC.character D.knowledge12.A.full B.freeC.true D.aware√√√√9.根據(jù)下文中的“aspecialelectricalsystem”可知，光伏發(fā)電指的是一種特殊的電力系統(tǒng)。故選D項(xiàng)。10.根據(jù)下文中的“andinexhaustiblesource，usuallythesun”可知，光伏發(fā)電是從可再生且取之不盡的能源（通常是太陽(yáng)）中產(chǎn)生能量。故選D項(xiàng)。11.根據(jù)下文中的“tohelppeopleunderstand，Licameupwiththeidea…”可推知，李對(duì)幫助人們理解有強(qiáng)烈的愿望。故選A項(xiàng)。12.根據(jù)上文中的“tohelppeopleunderstand…usingsimpleeverydaywords”可知，李想出了用簡(jiǎn)單的日常詞匯（沒(méi)有術(shù)語(yǔ)）制作科學(xué)視頻的想法。故選B項(xiàng)。Ashecreatedmoreteachingvideos，hebegantorealisehewasgoodatitand

13

hissubjectstoincludequantummechanicsandlifesciences.Despiteexperiencingaseriesoffailures，hefinallyfoundhis

14

.It’snevertoo

15

todowhatweenjoy.

13.A.introduced B.expandedC.found D.chose14.A.caring B.endingC.setting D.calling15.A.late B.busyC.good D.easy√√√13.根據(jù)上文中的“hebegantorealisehewasgoodatitand”和語(yǔ)境可推知，當(dāng)他制作更多的教學(xué)視頻時(shí)，他開始意識(shí)到自己很擅長(zhǎng)，并將他的學(xué)科擴(kuò)展到量子力學(xué)和生命科學(xué)。故選B項(xiàng)。14.根據(jù)第一段中的“A40-year-oldmaninChinafoundhiscalling”可知，盡管經(jīng)歷了一系列的失敗，他最終還是找到了自己的使命。故選D項(xiàng)。15.根據(jù)上文李巍的故事以及語(yǔ)境可知，作者在此處強(qiáng)調(diào)做我們喜歡的事永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)太晚。故選A項(xiàng)?！敬鸢浮?/p>

【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要說(shuō)明了中國(guó)一名40歲的男子李巍在失業(yè)20多年后找到了自己的使命——在社交媒體上教授量子力學(xué)。Ⅱ.語(yǔ)法填空Arobothasbeentaughttolaughatjokestomakeitmorehuman.ResearchersareusingAItotrainrobotsaboutappropriatelaughter，and1.

（distinguish）betweenchucklesandscreams.

todistinguish1.考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：研究人員正在使用人工智能來(lái)訓(xùn)練機(jī)器人如何發(fā)出適當(dāng)?shù)男β?，并區(qū)分咯咯笑和尖叫。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處所在句子已有謂語(yǔ)“areusing”故用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式。再根據(jù)上文中的“areusingAItotrain”和并列連詞and可知，此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)。故填todistinguish。 Theydescribed2.

（work）witharobotcalledEricainthehopeofmakingaconversationmorenatural.“Wethinkthatoneoftheimportant3.

（function）ofconversationalAIissympathy，”saidDrKojiInoue，aprofessor.“Aconversationis，ofcourse，multimodal，notjustrespondingcorrectly.Sowedecidedthatonewayarobotcanempathise（共情）withusersistosharetheirlaughter，

4.

youcannotdowithatext-basedchatbot.”

workingfunctionswhich2.考查動(dòng)詞的-ing形式。句意：他們描述了與一個(gè)名為Erica的機(jī)器人合作，希望能讓對(duì)話更自然。describedoingsth.意為“描述做某事”。故填working。3.考查名詞。句意：“我們認(rèn)為對(duì)話式人工智能的重要功能之一是同情，”DrKojiInoue說(shuō)。此處為“oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“……之一”。故填functions。4.考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：所以我們認(rèn)為，機(jī)器人與用戶產(chǎn)生共情的一種方式就是分享他們的笑聲，這是基于文本的聊天機(jī)器人無(wú)法做到的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，指代前面的句子，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which。故填which。 Creatinga“5.

（share）laughter”model，theresearchersusedAItohelpdetectlaughteranddecidewhethertolaughandwhatkindoflaughterwouldbe6.

（good）.FourshortdialoguesbetweenrealpeopleandErica7.

（use）totestthesystem，whichperformedwell.

However，theexpertssaidthereismoreworktodotocreate8.

（true）naturallaughtersituations.

sharedbetterwereusedtruly5.考查形容詞。句意：研究人員創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)“共享笑聲”模型，利用人工智能來(lái)幫助檢測(cè)笑聲，并決定是否笑，以及什么樣的笑會(huì)更好。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處作前置定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞laughter，表示“共享的”，應(yīng)用-ed結(jié)尾的形容詞。故填shared。6.考查形容詞的比較級(jí)。句意見上題。根據(jù)空格前的“wouldbe”和語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示“研究者利用人工智能來(lái)決定哪種笑聲更好”，應(yīng)用形容詞的比較級(jí)形式。故填better。7.考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：四段真人和Erica之間的簡(jiǎn)短對(duì)話被用來(lái)測(cè)試該系統(tǒng)，該系統(tǒng)表現(xiàn)良好。根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)performed可知，此處用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。主語(yǔ)“Fourshortdialogues”為復(fù)數(shù)名詞，且與動(dòng)詞use為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填wereused。8.考查副詞。句意：然而，專家們表示，要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造真正自然的笑聲環(huán)境，還有很多工作要做。此處修飾形容詞natural，應(yīng)用副詞作狀語(yǔ)。故填truly。 DrInouesaid，“Therobotshouldactuallyhave9.

distinctcharacter，anditcanshowthischaracterthroughitsconversationalbehaviours，suchaslaughing，gaze，gesturesandspeakingstyles.Itmaywelltakemorethan10to20yearsbeforewecanfinallyhaveacasualchat10.

arobotlikewewouldwithafriend.”

awith9.考查冠詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處泛指一種明顯的個(gè)性，應(yīng)用不定冠詞。distinct的發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭。故填a。10.考查介詞。句意：可能還需要10到20年的時(shí)間，我們才能最終像和朋友一樣和機(jī)器人隨意聊天。chatwith…為固定搭配，意為“和……聊天”。故填with?！敬鸢浮俊菊Z(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹研究人員正在使用人工智能來(lái)訓(xùn)練機(jī)器人發(fā)出適當(dāng)?shù)男β?。?寫作（一）應(yīng)用文寫作為了呼吁學(xué)生崇尚科學(xué)精神，學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)家的優(yōu)秀品質(zhì)，你們學(xué)校的校報(bào)“英語(yǔ)天地”欄目向?qū)W生征集英語(yǔ)征文——如果你想要當(dāng)一名科學(xué)家，需要具備哪些品質(zhì)？請(qǐng)你用英文寫一篇短文來(lái)投稿。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右（題目已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)）；2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。What

Qualities

Should

a

Scientist

Have？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Mostofusagreethatscientistsusuallyhavesomegoodqualities.AsfarasI’mconcerned，

theirqualitiesareasfollows.

Firstly，scientistshouldbeinterestedinandcuriousaboutcertainthings.Theypayattentiontovariousaspectsoftheresearchproblemsandkeepexploring.Inaddition，scientistsneedtobeimaginativeandwillingtoexperimentbravelywithnewideasandmethods.Asweallknow，scientistsareoftenintelligentandabletoformindependentopinionsandmethods.Cautionandpersistencearealsonecessaryforscientiststosucceed.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Inshort，becomingascientistisnoteasy.Sticktothedreamanditwillbecomearealitysomeday.（二）讀后續(xù)寫（2024—2025學(xué)年浙江省精誠(chéng)聯(lián)盟高三上學(xué)期12月適應(yīng)性聯(lián)考）InasmalltowninIowa，sixteen-year-oldEmmaThompsonwasanambitiousstudentwithdreamsofbecomingascienti