2023年4月高等教育自學(xué)考試全國(guó)統(tǒng)一命題考試英語(yǔ)（二）試卷及答案（課程代碼：00015）PARTONE(50POINTS)I．VocabularyandStructure(10points,1pointeach)1.Itwouldbebettertomakeadecisionnow,______leaveituntilnextweek.A.otherthanB.ratherthanC.lessthanD.morethan2.We'llinformyouassoonasticketsbecome______.A.valuableB.capableC.acceptableD.available3.Theforeigncompanyhasbeen______runningthisfactoryfordecades.A.enormouslyB.effectivelyC.infinitelyD.extremely4.Ifyou______myadvice,youwouldn'tbeinsuchtroublenow.A.tookB.takesC.hastakenD.hadtaken5.Themeeting______,welefttheroomquicklyfordinner.A.overB.wasoverC.isoverD.beenover6.Allthemoney______,Frederickstartedlookingforwork.A.havingspentB.hasbeenspentC.havingbeenspentD.hadbeenspent7.______histalkwhenMaryranoutofthelecturehall.A.HardlyhadbebegunB.HardlyhehadbegunC.HardlyhehasbegunD.Hehardlyhadbegun8.Thetwosistersare_____inmanyways,notonlyinappearancebutalsointemperament.A.likeB.likelyC.alikeD.lively9.Thepurposeoftheprogramistoprovidetrainingforemployeessothattheycanwork______.A.lateB.laterC.latelyD.latest10.Ihopemyboyfriendwillbehandsome,strongand______kind.A.aboveallB.inallC.atallD.afterallII.ClozeTest(10points,1pointeach)Howevercarefulonemaybe,hecannotpossiblylistencarefullytoeverythingthathehears.Thereare11ofreasonsforthis.Oneofthemistheoverloadofmessagesmostofus12eachday.Inadditiontothenumeroushourswe13hearingotherpeoplespeak,wemayspendseveralhourslisteningtotheradioorsittinginfrontofatelevisionset.14,itisimpossibletofocusourattentioncompletelyonwhatissaid;ourmindmightbe15elsewhere.Preoccupationwithourpersonalconcernsis16reasonwedon'talwayslistencarefully.Aromance17souroragoodgradeonatestmaytakeprominenceinourmindevenas18isspeakingtous.Furthermore,wearesurroundedbyallkindsofnoiseswhichinterfere19listening.Forexample,voicesatapartyor20oftrafficmaysimplymakeitdifficultforustocatcheverythingthatisbeingsaid.11.A.thenumber B.anumber C.number D.numbers12.A.accept B.obtain C.receive D.possess13.A.put B.consume C.spend D.spare14.A.Besides B.Whereas C.Otherwise D.Nevertheless15.A.wondering B.swinging C.recycling D.wandering16.A.other B.some C.theother D.another17.A.gone B.going C.goes D.went18.A.anyone B.everyone C.someone D.few19.A.to B.with C.of D.about20.A.sound B.noise C.voice D.screamIII.ReadingComprehension(30points,2pointseach)PassageOneQuestions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Manyoftoday'smosttrustedsalestechniqueswereinventedoveracenturyagobyayoungmerchantnamedEatoninToronto.Whenhewasyoung,Eatonworkedbrieflywithhisbrothersinsmall-townstores.In1869,hesepuphisownshopindowntownToronto.Hehadmanycompetitors,buthewasalsoambitiousandhadaplanforsuccess.Heofferedauniquestyleoftrade,butaswasexpected,alltheothershopkeeperslaughedathim,believinghewouldeventuallyfail.However,Eatonwasnotamantobeeasilydefeated;hecameupwithabrandnewnotionofbusiness-"Goodssatisfactory,ormoneyrefunded."Hesoldallhisgoodsatfixedpricesandonlyforcash.Withasharpsenseofwhatthepublicwanted,hewentoutofthewaytomeettheirneeds.Hisbusinessgrewrapidly.Hesetupnewbranchesandstartedmailorderservicethatallowedpeopletobuyfromalistofhisgoods.Eaton'slist-advertisementsofhisday-wasthefirstofitskind.Itwasdistributedandreadalloverthecountry.Itwastheonlywaytoaccessgood-qualitygoodsatreasonablepricesforpeoplelivingfarawayfrombigcites.Itbecamepartoftheirlife.TheyevencalleditTheWishingBook.Thesecretofthelist'ssuccesswasthatEatongainedtherespectofthiscustomers;theytrustedhimforgoodpricesandqualitygoods.ProbablybecauseherememberedhismiserableearlydaysinIreland,Eatonthoughtmuchofthewelfareofhisemployees:betterworkingconditions,shorterweekdayhoursthanhiscompetitorsandSaturdayafternoonsoffinthesummer.Inallthis,hewasaleader.21.ThebestdescriptionofEatonisthat______.A.hewastherichestmerchantinTorontoB.hewasasuccessfultechnicalinventorC.heintroducednewsalespracticesD.hechangedpeople'sideasaboutbusinessmen22.Eaton'ssuccesslayprimarilyinthat____.A.hesoldonlygoodqualitygoodsB.hewasthefirstpersontoprovidegoodserviceC.hetreatedhisemployeesbetterthananyofhiscompetitorsD.hewonrespectfromhiscustomers23.Fromthepassagewecaninferthat______.A.EatoninventedtheideaoftheinternetshoppingB.EatondroveotherbusinessmentofailureC.EatonneversoldhisgoodsoncreditD.Eatonwasdefeatedbyhisrivals24.Thebesttitleforthispassageis_____.A.GoodGoods,ofMoneyRefundedB.Eaton,aSalesInventorC.Customers'Respect,aSecretofSuccessD.Eaton'slist,aWelcomeEventinSalesHistory25.Eaton'sListwasimportanttopeopleonfarmsbecauseitwasaconvenientwayofgetting_____.A.good-qualitygoodsatreasonablepricesB.goodsatunreasonablepricesC.good-qualitygoodsatunreasonablepricesD.poor-qualitygoodsatreasonablepricesPassageTwoQuestions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Thethreatofaglobaloutbreak(疾病大爆發(fā))ofbirdflumakesiturgentfortheinternationalcommunitytocooperateeffectively.Wealthycountrieswillhavetoprovidehundredsofmillionsofdollarsforthetestingandproductionofmedicinesnecessaryfortreatingpatientssufferingfrombirdflu.Developingcountries,particularlyinSoutheastAsia,wherethebirdfluvirus(病毒)hasspreadsince1997,mustworkoutspecialprogramssothatfarmerswillnothidesighsofpossibleoutbreaks.Inaddition,thewaysuchfarmbirdsaschickensandducksaretraditionallyraisedandmarketedinthedevelopingworldshouldbechanged;thereshouldbemoredistancebetweenthebirdsandtheirkeepers.Countriesshoulddealwiththediseasewithjointeffort.Ifonecountryisinadequatelyprepared,itwillbeathreattoeveryothercountry.Thepotentialeffectsofanationaloutbreakofbirdfluareenormous.Firstly,anoutbreakmaykilllargenumbersofpeople.WorldHealthOrganization(WHO)estimatesthatanoutbreaksimilartothemildHongKongfluof1968couldkillasmanyas7.4millionspeople.Ifitwereasdangerousasthe1918Spanishflu,whichkilled50million,thenumberwouldbemuchhigher.Secondly,suchanoutbreakmaycausegreatfinancialdamage.Thelatestoutbreakofbirdflu,whichbeganinDecember2003,hascostSoutheastAsiamorethan$10billionanddepresseditsGDPby1.5percent.Ifanewoutbreakofbirdfluweretolastforawholeyear,$800billionwouldbelost.Despitethe124humancasesand63deathsfrombirdflusinceDecember2003,thevirusremainsmainlyadiseaseanimals.However,themoreanimalsthatdieofthedisease,themorechancesithasofspreadingtopeople.Largenumbersofdeadordyingbirdsmeanthatmorepeoplewillbeexposedtothevirusandchangeintoaviruswithnewcharacteristics.Iftheinternationalcommunityworkstogetherefficiently,mancansurelypreventsuchavirusandpossiblysavemillionsoflives.26.Facedwiththethreatofaglobaloutbreakofbirdflu,theinternationalcommunityshould________.A.establishnewmarketsB.worktogethereffectivelyC.stopbirdsfromflyingtoothercountriesD.raisefewerchickensandducks27.Thesecondparagraphfocuseson______.A.WorldHealthOrganizationB.flusinHongKongandSpainC.theeconomyofSoutheastAsiaD.possibleeffectsofabirdfluoutbreak28.Thenumberofpeoplewhohavediedofbirdflusince2003is_______.A.63 B.124 C.7.4million D.50million29.Inthethirdparagraph,theauthorismainlyinterestedin_____.A.stimulatingfinancialgrowth B.reducingeconomicdamagesC.savinghumanlives D.protectingbirdspecies30.ThepassagedealswithallthefollowingaspectsbirdfluEXCEPT_______.A.theoriginandhistoryofbirdfluB.theimportanceofinternationalcooperationC.thepossibledangersofanationaloutbreakD.thesignificanceofpreventingitfromspreadingPassageThreeQuestions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Thelongsummerholidaysarefinallyoverandsomeparentsarepleased."Weworrymoreabouttheirsafetyintheholidays,"explainsonemotherfromNorthLondon.Ifteenagersarenotwanderingaroundonpublictransportinabigandpotentiallydangerouscity,theyarechattingtostrangersinaninternetchatroom!Well,that'sanextremepictureoftheUKtoday,butmanyparentsareworriedabouthowmuchfreedomtheycangivetheirchildrenduringtheholidaysandatweekends.Weekendsarenottheonlytimetoworry!Newspaperarefullofstoriesabouttoomanyschoolkidsgoingtoschoolbycarbecausetheirparentsdonotwantthemtotravelaloneonabusortrain.Thissummerthereweremorefrighteningstoriesofteenagersdisappearingwithquestionablefriendsthattheymetonthenet.AlltheMediastorieshelpincreaseparentsfears,butistheUKreallysodangerous?Manyyoungpeoplefeelthatlifefortheirparentswaseasier.Inthe1960syoungpeopleplayedinthestreetsmoreandtraveledaroundtownwithouttheirparents."Atleastourparentscankeeptabsonus,"says16-year-oldJulia."Somanypeoplehavemobilephonesnowandtheirparentsringtofindoutwheretheyare.IusemymobiletogetDadtocometothestationwhenIarrivelate."Mobilesarenotjustexpensivetoys;theyhelpkeepyoungpeoplesafe.Mostsignificantly,theyhelpkeepyoungpeoplesafe.Mostsignificantly,theymakeparentsfeelbetter.Onlyoneproblemis,though,thatsomeyoungpeoplehavebeenattackedbythieveswhowanttostealtheirmobilephones.Youngpeoplelikegoingoutwithfriends,buttheynowneedtolearnhowtogethomesafely.FivemillionyoungpeopleintheUKbetweentheagesof9to16usechatroomstomakefriends,butthey,too,needtobecarefulandnevergivetheirpersonaldetailstoastranger.Youngpeopletodayhavemoreopportunitiestomeetnewpeopleandgooutatnightmorethantheirparentseverdid.Nowschool,televisionprogramsandnewspapersmusthelpteenagerstoenjoytheirfreedomandtoberesponsiblefortheirownsafety.31.Someparentsareupsetaboutthesummerholidaysmainlybecausetheirchildren______.A.wanderaroundonbusinthecityB.chattostrangersinInternetchatroomsC.makequestionablefriendsonthenetD.aretakenlittlecareofbyteachers32.Forthesakeofthesafety,manyparentssendtheirkidstoschool________.A.bycar B.bybus C.bytrain D.bypublictransport33.Mostsignificantly,mobilephones_______.A.enableparentskeepaclosewatchontheirkidsB.helpkeepteenagerssafeC.makeparentsfeellessworriedD.protectteenagersfrombeingattacked34.Teenagersshouldnevergiveanystrangers______.A.theirmobilephonenumbers B.theirfamilyaddressC.theirpersonalinformation D.theirparents'names35.Thispassageismainlyabout________.A.freedomforteenagersinsummerholidaysB.safetyforteenagersinsummerholidaysC.activitiesforteenagersinsummerholidaysD.troublesforteenagersinsummerholidaysPARTTWO(50POINTS)將下列漢語(yǔ)單詞譯成英語(yǔ)。每個(gè)單詞的詞類、首字母及字母數(shù)目均已給出。請(qǐng)將完整的單詞寫(xiě)在答題紙上。36.獲勝者，優(yōu)勝者n.w_____37.（使）枯萎，凋謝v.w_____38.垂直的，豎的a.v_______39.易變的，變量的a.v_______40.唯一的，獨(dú)特的a.u_____41.地下的，隱蔽的a.u__________42.真實(shí)的，如實(shí)地ad.t_________43.星期二n.T______44.傳統(tǒng)，慣例n.t________45.同情，同情心n.s_______46.投降，讓步vi.s________47.足夠的，充分的a.s_________48.親屬，親戚n.r_______49.抵抗，反抗n.r_________50.有目的的，蓄意的a.p_________51.財(cái)產(chǎn)；性質(zhì)n.p_______52.俯望，漏看vt.o_______53.發(fā)源，源自vi.o________54.音樂(lè)的，悅耳的a.m______55.意圖，打算n.i________V.WordForm(10points,1pointeach)將括號(hào)中的各詞變?yōu)檫m當(dāng)?shù)男问教钊肟瞻住４鸢笇?xiě)在答題紙上。56．He_________(write)her10letterssincehemetherlastyears.57.Ithinkitnecessaryforhim________(finish)theworkintime.58.Thehouseis______(complete)beforehisbrother'sweddingceremony.59.Youhadbetter________(bring)enoughmoneywithyou.60.The_______(good)hefeels,themoreworkhewilldo.61.IfIhadn'tlistenedtoyou,Iwould_______(make)suchasillymistake.62.Thethreeplayersrepeatedlydenied________(take)anydrug.63.Peoplewhoareentitledto________(vote)shouldbeovereighteen.64.Thegovernmenthastakenmeasurestoreducethetotalenergy______(consume).65.Ifshe______(catch)the10O'clocktrain,shecangettherebylunchtimeVI.TranslationfromChineseintoEnglish(15points,3pointseach)將下列各句譯成英語(yǔ)并將答案寫(xiě)在答題紙上。66.男人的平均身高比女人高幾英寸。67.你所說(shuō)的與我們正在討論的豪不相干。68．教育應(yīng)該使每個(gè)學(xué)生德、智、體全面發(fā)展。69．這本書(shū)對(duì)讀者產(chǎn)生了很大影響。70．這次考試比我們預(yù)想的要難得多。VII.TranslationfromEnglishintoChinese(15points)將下列短文譯成漢語(yǔ)并將答案寫(xiě)在答題紙上。Thereisacleardistinctionbetweenonewhoissupposedtoknowandanother,usuallyayoungerpersonwhoissupposednottoknow.However,teachingisnotnecessarilytheareaofaspecialgroupofpeople,norshoulditbelookeduponasatechnicalskill.Teachingcanbemorelikeguidingandassistingthanforcinginformationintoablankmind.Ifyouhaveacertainskill,youshouldbeabletoshareitwithothers.Youdonothavetogetacertificatetoconveywhatyouknowtothemortohelpthemintheirattempttoteachthemselves.Allofus,fromtheveryyoungestchildrentotheoldestmembersofoursociety,shouldcometorealizeourowntalentandabilitiesasteachers.Wecansharewhatweknow,howeverlittleitmightbe,withotherswhohaveneedofthatknowledgeorskill.2006年4月高等教育自學(xué)考試全國(guó)統(tǒng)一命題考試英語(yǔ)（二）答案（課程代碼：00015）I.VocabularyandStructure(本大題共10小題，每小題1分，共10分)1.B2.D3.B4.D5.A6.C7.A8.C9.B10.AII.ClozeTest(本大題共10小題，每小題1分，共10分)11.B12.C13.C14.A15.D16.D17.A18.C19.B20.BIII.ReadingComprehension(本大題共15小題，每小題2分，共30分)21.C22.D23.C24.B25.A26.B27.D28.A29.C30.A31.D32.A33.C34.C35.BIV.WordSpelling(本大題共20小題，每?jī)尚☆}1分，共10分)36.winner37.wither38.vertical39.variable40.unique41.underground42.truthfully43.Tuesday44.tradition45.sympathy