寫出下列動詞的過去式和過去分詞

do

goseegive

choose

draw

eattakespeak

write

show

diddonewentgonesawseengavegivenchosechosendrewdrawnate

eatentooktakenspokespokenwrotewrittenshowedshown被動語態(tài)中考英語專項復(fù)習(xí)復(fù)習(xí)目標(biāo)1.掌握如何將主動語態(tài)變成被動語態(tài)2.掌握被動語態(tài)各個時態(tài)的用法什么時候要用被動語態(tài)呢？在下列三種情況之一要用被動語態(tài)：①不知道動作的執(zhí)行者是誰，用被動語態(tài)。②沒有必要指出誰是動作的執(zhí)行者，用被動語態(tài)。③需要強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的承受者時，用被動語態(tài)主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)換：Wecleanourclassroomeveryday.主動語態(tài)Ourclassroomiscleaned主語謂語賓語byuseveryday.結(jié)構(gòu)：主動語態(tài)：主語＋謂語＋賓語

被動語態(tài)：主語be+過去分詞by+賓語即:“主變賓，賓變主，謂語動詞變被動?！?注:主變賓即主語變?yōu)榻樵~by賓語)被動語態(tài)主語謂語賓語【考點一】各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu):1.They

make

shoesinthatfactory.Shoes

aremade(bythem)inthatfactory.1.一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)：變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)一S(主語）+am/is/are+過去分詞

步驟一：Exercises（針對練習(xí)，變被動語態(tài)）TheyplayfootballonSunday.Lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening.Theyoftenusecomputersinclass.WemakethesemachinesinBeijing.Footballisplayedby

themonSunday.ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyintheevening.Computersareoftenusedby

theminclass.ThesemachinesaremadebyusinBeijing.Helookedafterthelittlebabyyesterday.主謂(動介)賓語Thelittlebaby

waslookedafterbyhimyesterday.變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)二主動語態(tài)：被動語態(tài)：2.一般過去式的被動語態(tài)：S+was/were+過去分詞步驟二：Exercises（針對練習(xí)，變被動語態(tài)）

1）They

built

thetallbuildinglastyear.2)He

tookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday.3)We

cleanedourclassroomjustnow.4)They

usedthisroomforresting.Thetallbuildingwasbuilt

bythemlastyear.Hislittlebrotherwastakengoodcareof

byhimyesterday.Ourclassroomwascleaned

byusjustnow.Thisroomwasusedforrestingbythem.

注：動詞短語作謂語，變被動語態(tài)時，不能省掉短語中的介詞或副詞Tomwillcleantheroomtomorrow.主謂賓(承受者)TheroomwillbecleanedbyTom

tomorrow.變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)三3.一般將來時被動語態(tài)：S+will+be+過去分詞S+begoingto+be+過去分詞Wewillholdasportsmeetingnextweek.Childrenwilltakesomephotosintheschoolyardtomorrow.Theheadmasterisgoingtogiveatalkthisafternoon.Asportsmeetingwillbeheldbyusnextweek.Somephotoswillbetakenbychildrenintheschooltomorrow.Atalkisgoingtobegivenbytheheadmasterthisafternoon.步驟三：Exercises（針對練習(xí)，變被動語態(tài)）We

havemade

twentymorekeys．Twentymorekeys

havebeenmade

byus.變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)四11.現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)：

S+have/has+been+過去分詞1.Theboyhasreturnedthebookintime

步驟三：Exercises（針對練習(xí)，變被動語態(tài)）2.Workershavebuiltthehousesincetwoyearsago3.Wehavereceivedmanyletterssincelastweek.Thebookhasbeenreturnedbytheboyintime.ThehousehasbeenbuiltbyworkerssincetwoyearsagoManylettershavebeenreceivedbyussincelastweek.

Tony

cantakegoodcareof

Daming．Daming

canbetakengoodcareof

byTony.9.情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：

S+can/may/must/should+be+過去分詞變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)五1.Hecantakecareofthebaby.2.Lucymaydrawthepictures.3.Youmustturnoffthelights.4.TheyshouldlearnEnglishwell.

Thebabycanbetakencareofbyhim.ThepicturemaybedrawnbyLucy.Thelightsmustbeturnedoffbyyou.Englishshouldbelearnedwellbythem.步驟三：Exercises（針對練習(xí)，變被動語態(tài)）一般現(xiàn)在時:一般過去時:一般將來時:現(xiàn)在完成時:含有情態(tài)動詞:下列時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu):S(主語）+am/is/are+過去分詞S+was/were+過去分詞S+will+be+過去分詞S+begoingto+be+過去分詞S+have/has+been+過去分詞S+can/may/must/should+be+過去分詞1.Theoldmanisill.Hemust_________tothehospital.Call120atonce.(send)2.Thebook___________byLuXunin1920.(write)3.Allthemachines_________outyesterday.(sell)4.Thehospital_____________nextyear.(build)5.Thiskindofbookcan't__________outofthelibrary.(take)6.He_____________toplaycomputergameslastnight.(allow)7.Theboy___often____nottogotothenetbar.(tell)8.He_____________tothepartylastSunday,buthedidn'tgothere.(ask)besentwaswrittenweresoldwillbebuiltbetakenwasallowedistoldwasasked你會填空嗎？中考挑戰(zhàn)歷屆中考試題小試身手1—Whatanicegarden!--It____everyday.AiscleaningBhascleanedCmustcleanDiscleaned2Thecomputers_____tothevillageschoolaspresentslastmonth.AaregivenBgivenCweregivenDgave3

ItisreportedthattheUndergroundLineNo.3___inNanjingin2016.AwillbuildBhasbuiltCwillbebuiltDhasbeenbuilt4.Theletteris___inFrench.Ican'treadit.AwritingBwrittenCwroteDwrites5.–When___thiskindofcomputer_____?-Lastyear.Adid,useBwas,usedCis,usedDare,used6.Thousandsoftreesoverthemountains_____bythefarmerslastyear.AplantedBwasplantedCwereplantedDwillplant7.Themedicine______inadryandcoolplace．AkeepBmustkeepCmustbekeptDmustbekeep8.Thisdictionarymustn't______fromthelibrary．AtakeawayBtakenawayCaretakenawayDbetakenaway9.Nooneknowshowthehugerocks____and____withoutourmodernmachineseighthundredyearsago．Aarecut；movedBwerecut；moveCarecut；movingDwerecut；moved10.–Lookatthesignontheright.–Oh,parking___here.Adoesn’tallowBisn’tallowedCdidn’tallowDwasn’tallowed11.DidyougotoSam’sweekendparty?–No,I_____.AamnotinvitedBwasn’tinvitedChaven’tinvitedDdidn’tinvited12.Thetelephone__byAlexanderGrahamBellin1876.

AwasinventedBhasbeeninventedCisinventedDwillbeinvented13.Lastyear,LiHua,acollegestudent,___toworkfortheOlympicGames.AischoosingBischosenCwaschoosingDwaschosen14.Whenyouleavetheroom,makesurethedoor___.AwaslockedBislockedCwillbelockedDshouldbelocked15.IwanttobeaChineseteacherwhenIgrowup.–That’sgreat.Chineseteachers____inChinaandsomeforeigncountries.AneedBareneedingCareneededDwillneed16.English___inmanycountries,butChinese___theirownlanguage.Aisspoken,speaksBspeaks,isspokenCisspoken,isspokenDisspoken,speak17.Theskirtlooksdifferentfromothersanditisnice.–Thanks.It___bymymotherlastmonth.AmadeBismadeChasbeenmadeDwasmade18.Thechildren___toswimlastmonthandtheycanswimverywellnow.AaretaughtBweretaughtChavetaughtDtaught19.—Whatshouldwedofirstifwewanttodevelopourvillage?--Alotofnewroads_____,Ithink.AhavetobuildBmustbuildChavebuiltDmustbebuilt20.Jamesismyfriend.He____Jimforshort.AcallsBiscalledCcalledDiscalling21.TwentystudentsinthisUniversity____toAustraliatostudylastyear,andmorestudentsareexpectingtohavethechancenextyear.AaresentBweresentCwillsendD.send

考點二主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的特殊情況:一、使役動詞和感官動詞在主動結(jié)構(gòu)中，后面接不帶to的不定式，但如果改成被動句，則需把省略的to加上，這類動詞有：hear,see,watch,make,help,let等。

1)Iheard

himsinglastnight.

He

washeard

tosinglastnight.

2)Wesaw

him

walkintothebuilding.He

wasseen

towalkintothebuilding.3)Thebossmade

them

work10hoursaday.

They

weremade

towork10hoursaday.

makesb.doseesb.dohearsb.doletsb.dowatchsb.do

bemadetodobeseentodosb.beheardtodobelettodobewatchedtodo主動被動