Unit2

Home!SweetHome!

ClassdebateaboutMARRIAGE;Readingcomprehensionoftext1;Exercisesandreviewoffirst2unitsWhatareessentialelementstoformahappymarriage?簡·奧斯汀的愛情婚姻理念，即理想中的婚姻關(guān)系應(yīng)該是感情、物質(zhì)、道德和理智的綜合體，在這五種婚姻關(guān)系中，只有伊莉莎白和達(dá)西符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，是作者理想中的婚姻模式。

In

the

18th

century,

women

craved

for

marrying

a

gentleman

whopossessed

considerable

wealth

and

high

social

status.

Love,

seemed

of

no

significance.

Thiswasbecauseatthattime,women

had

no

right

to

inherit

the

possession.

Their

only

way

to

live

a

desirable

life

after

theirfathers’death

was

to

marry

a

wealthy

man

who

also

possessed

high

social

status.

ClassdebateDoyouthinkthatmarriageisnecessarytoaperson’slifetime?Siteyourreasons.Choose3peoplewhosupporteachsidetositetheirreasons,andgivethemyoursuggestions.Whatbenefitscanahappymarriagebringtopeople?timelysupportpropercareloveemotionalcomfortlongerlifechildrenbetterhealthregularlifestyleWhatharmcananunhappymarriagebringtopeople?emotionalsufferingdepressioninsomnia

physicaldiseasesconflictsmentalstressesHowmuchdoyouknowaboutdepression?Depressionisaseriousmedicalillness.It'smorethanjustafeelingofbeingsador"blue"forafewdays.Ifyouareoneofthemorethan19millionteensandadultsintheUnitedStateswhohavedepression,thefeelingsdonotgoaway.Theypersistandinterferewithyoureverydaylife.SymptomscanincludeFeelingsador"empty"LossofinterestinfavoriteactivitiesOvereating,ornotwantingtoeatatallNotbeingabletosleep,orsleepingtoomuchFeelingverytiredFeelinghopeless,irritable,anxious,orguiltyAchesorpains,headaches,cramps,ordigestiveproblemsThoughtsofdeathorsuicideDepressionisadisorderofthebrain.Thereareavarietyofcauses,includinggenetic,biological,environmental,andpsychologicalfactors.Depressioncanhappenatanyage,butitoftenbeginsinteensandyoungadults.Itismuchmorecommoninwomen.Womencanalsoget

postpartumdepression

afterthebirthofababy.Somepeopleget

seasonalaffectivedisorder

inthewinter.Depressionisonepartof

bipolardisorder.Thereareeffectivetreatmentsfordepression,including

antidepressants,talktherapy,orboth.cardiovasculardisease:theclassofdiseasesthatinvolvetheheartorbloodvessels,e.g.highbloodpressurerespiratorydisease:theclassofdiseasethatinvolvethebreathingsystem,e.g.pneumoniadepression:amedicalconditioninwhichapersonfeelsverysadandanxiousandoftenhasphysicalsymptomssuchasbeingunabletosleep,etc.Positionsinacompany

ChiefExecutiveOfficer--CEOChiefoperatingofficer--COOChiefAccountingOfficer–CAOChiefAdministrationOfficer–CAOChiefBusinessDevelopmentOfficer–CBDOChiefCommunicationsOfficer--CCOChiefHumanResourcesOfficer–CHROChiefInformationOfficer--CIO

Backgroundknowledge

abouttheauthorLoriOliwensteinisanindependentwritingandeditingprofessionalwhoiscurrentlytheCo-DirectorofNewsandSeniorScienceWriteratCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology.Heusedtobe:EditorandCommunityManager,ParentsC.ScienceWriteratHealthSciencesPublicRelations,UniversityofSouthernCalifornia(USC).SeniorHealthEditoratLivingFit.SeniorEditoratDiscoverMagazine.TheU.S.CentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention(CDC)Itworkstoprotectpublichealthandsafetybyprovidinginformationtoenhancehealthdecisions,anditpromoteshealththroughpartnershipswithstatehealthdepartmentsandotherorganizations.TheCDCfocusesnationalattentionondevelopingandapplyingdiseasepreventionandcontrol,environmentalhealth,occupationalsafetyandhealth,healthpromotion,injurypreventionandeducationactivitiesdesignedtoimprovethehealthofthepeopleoftheUnitedStates.Languagepoints

Nevermindthepopularpalaveraboutmarriageasasourceofblissforthecouple,securityforthekidsandsocietalstability.Never

mind

the

question

whetherthe

court

should

decide.不用管…palaver:n.talkthatdoesnothaveanymeaning;nonsense

bliss:天賜之福Each

of

us

seeks

ourown

path

to

bliss.

Isittruethatmarriageisasourceofblissforthecouple,securityforthekidsandsocietalstability?Why?No.Itisabsolutelynonsense,becausemarriagecanalsobringalotofproblemstopeople,e.g.stress,conflictsandendlesscrisis.Youdon’tneedtoworryaboutwhatotherssayaboutmarriage,forexample,alargenumberofpeoplesaythatmarriedpeoplecanbeveryhappy,theirchildrencanbeprotectedandsocietycanbestableifmorepeoplegetmarried.Butthisisjustnonsenseifthepracticalaspectofmarriageisnottakenintoaccount.

variablea.

variablesn.變量，可變因素

variabilityn.可變性，變異性

variationn.變化

variationala.變化的，變異的bound:a.

(boundtodo/besth)certainorlikelytohappen,ortodoorbesthe.g.Thereareboundtobechangeswhenthenewsystemisintroduced.e.g.It’sboundtobesunnyagaintomorrow.Marriageiscriticizedasasourceofstress(anditis),conflict(thattoo)andendlesscrisesthatneedtoberesolved(guiltythereaswell).blame,accuse,condemn,scold,denounceblame普通用詞，語氣較弱，僅是一般的責(zé)難、歸咎于，不含用語言責(zé)罵之意。accuse語氣比blame強(qiáng)，本義為歸罪，可用作指非難或譴責(zé)之義。

condemn正式用詞，表示譴責(zé)，有較強(qiáng)的司法意味，側(cè)重從道義或原則上的譴責(zé)。

scold普通用詞，多指上級(jí)對(duì)下級(jí)、長輩對(duì)后輩或雇主對(duì)雇員的態(tài)度粗暴、言詞激烈的數(shù)落。denounce與condemn同義，但著重公開性。criticize批評(píng),責(zé)備，分析，評(píng)估評(píng)論…的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)；分析和評(píng)價(jià)

Hispolicieswereseverelycriticized.

他的政策受到了嚴(yán)厲批評(píng)。

Wouldyouliketoreadandcriticizemynewbook?

你愿不愿意讀一讀我的新書并給以評(píng)論？Whatmaycauseproblemsinamarriage?clashingneeds,workissues,moneyissues,housework,kids,attentiononotherthingslikecollege-basketball,etc.Paraphrasethesentence.Payattentiontotheitalicizedpart.Therearealsonegativeopinionsonmarriage,forexample,marriagecancausestress,conflictandcrises.Allthesecriticismsarecorrectandyouhavetosolvethesemarriage-relatedproblems.likely:a.(belikelytodosth;belikelythat…)probableorexpectede.g.Ticketsarelikelytobeexpensive.e.g.It’smorethanlikelythatthethievesdon’tknowhowmuchitisworth.n.

likelihood:thestateofbeingprobable;probabilitydrivesbnuts:tomakesbveryangry,crazy,etc.,ortomakethemdosthextremee.g.Mychildrenalwaysdrivemenutswhentheyaretiredandinabadmood.e.g.John’sgirlfriendkeepsdrivinghimnutsbecauseshealwaysaskshimquestionswhenhegetshomefromthebar.

consistencyconsistenceu.n.Hisviewslacksconsistence2.c./u.degreeofthickness強(qiáng)度，硬度，濃度Mixflourandliquidtotherightconsistency.

consistent(approval)alwayskeepingtothesamepatternorstyle;unchangingYou’renotveryconsistent:firstyoucondemnme,thenyoupraiseme.beconsistentwithWhatyousaynowisnotconsistentwithwhatyousaidlastweek.Smokinganddrinkingnaturallydeclineifyou’vegotaspouseatyoursideflashing

youa

don’t-you-dare

lookwhenyoureachforacigaretteorathirdglassofwine.flash:v.

(flashsbasmile/look)tosmile,look,etc.atsbsuddenlyandquicklypleasecollectalltheothermeaningsof“flash”Shehasoutgrownthejumping-on-a-chair-at-the-sight-of-a-mouseeraandbecomeabiggirl.Thelookatyoushowingaseriouswarningagainstdrinking:don’tyoudaredrink!/Don’tdrink!

Here,don’t-you-dareisanhyphenatedcompoundadjectiveformedbylinkingwordstogetherwithhyphens.don’t-you-dare:Whatisadon’t-you-darelooklike?e.g.Depressionandotheremotionalillsarelesslikelytogoundiagnosedifthere’ssomeoneathomewho’smindfulofyourmoodsandnoticesiftheydarken.undiagnosed:a.ofamedicalcondition,aproblem,etc.,nothavingbeenidentifiedmindful:a.

(bemindfulof…;bemindfulthat…)rememberingsb/sthandconsideringthemoritwhenyoudosthe.g.Mindfulofthedangeroftropicalstorms,Idecidednottogoout.Syn.consciousAftergettingmarried,yourspousewillbecarefulofyourfeelingsandsensitivetothechangesinyouremotions.Ifyouhaveanysymptomofdepressionorotheremotionalills,yourspousewillnoticeitimmediately.erect:v.1)tobuildsthe.g.Thechurchwaserectedin1582.Syn.putsthup2)toputsthinpositionandmakeitstandverticale.g.e.g.Policehadtoerectbarrierstokeepcrowdsback.toerectatentcomedownto

comedowntoearth

回到現(xiàn)實(shí)，回到現(xiàn)實(shí)中來

comedowntobusiness認(rèn)真開始工作Theproblemcomesdowntomoney.這個(gè)問題主要涉及到錢的問題。Thedailystressesofthemodernworldcanthrowourbodiesintoemergencymodeandkeepusthere.Thattakesatollthroughhighbloodpressure,tensionheadachesandalotofgnawedpencils.

trytodistinguishemergencefromemergencytoll:n.(takeaheavytollonsb/sth;takeitstollonsb/sth)tohaveabadeffectonsb/sth;tocausealotofdamage,deaths,suffering,etc.Illnesshadtakenaheavytollonher.Therecessionistakingitstollonthehousingmarkets.Inourdailyworktoday,wehavetocopewithstressfrequentlyandourbodiesareoftenputintosituationswhichneedimmediateactiontodealwithdifficultanddangerousevents.Thathasabadeffectonourbodiesandmaycausealotofdamagetoourhealth,suchashighbloodpressure,tensionheadachesandothersufferingswhichmakeyoufeelworriedanduncomfortable.Whilemarriedmengetrelieffromtheirworkdaybarrageofstresshormoneswhentheycomehomeafteraparticularlybusydayatwork,workingwomenareabletode-stresssimilarlyonlyiftheydescribetheirmarriageasahappyone.If

you

allowyourselfto

think

only

ofthe

negative

and

stressful

aspects

of

life,

yourbrain

actually

releases

stress

hormones

into

the

bloodstream.

當(dāng)你只想到生活的消極面和壓力時(shí)，你的大腦實(shí)際上會(huì)向血流中釋放出應(yīng)激激素。Marriagecanhelpmende-stresswell.Whentheycomebackhomeafterworktheyfeelrelievedfromstressnomatterhowbusytheyareatwork.Butonlythosemaritallysatisfiedwomencangetreliefbackhomefromtheirworkstressasmendo.incidence:n.[C,usuallysing.]incidenceofsth(formal):theextenttowhichsthhappensorhasaneffecte.g.anareawithahighincidenceofcrimee.g.anincidentalremarkincidental:a.

1.occurring,etc.,bychanceinconnectionwithsthelse2.accompanying(sth)butnotformingpartofite.g.Hewrotetheincidentalmusicfortheplay.Doesmarriagehaslife-lengtheningpowersforwomen?marriedwomengainedabsolutelyzerogroundovertheirunmarriedpeers.No.Td:v.1)prod(at)sb/sth:topushsb/sthwithyourfingerorwitha