Lesson39AmIAllRight?TEXTWORDGRAMMARWhileJohnGilbertwasinhospital,heaskedhisdoctortotellhimwhetherhisoperationhadbeensuccessful,butthedoctorrefusedtodoso.Thefollowingday,thepatientaskedforabedsidetelephone.Whenhewasalone,hetelephonedthehospitalexchangeandaskedforDoctorMillington.Whenthedoctoransweredthephone,Mr.Gilbertsaidhewasinquiringaboutacertainpatient,aMr.JohnGilbert.HeaskedifMr.John’soperationhadbeensuccessfulandthedoctortoldhimthatithadbeen.HethenaskedwhenMr.Gilbertwouldbeallowedtogohomeandthedoctortoldhimthathewouldhavetostayinhospitalforanothertwoweeks.ThenDr.Millingtonaskedthecallerifhewasarelativeofthepatient.‘No,’thepatientanswered,‘IamMr.JohnGilbert.’Operationn.[外科]手術

SuccessfulSuccessn.成功Succeedv.成功Successorn.繼承者Followingadj.patientwith

mentalpatient

aloneMoststorewillallowthecustomerstoexchangetheirgoods.ExchangeI'dliketoexchangethisdressforoneinasmallersize.Inquire

inquireabout

inquireof

I'dliketoinquireaboutthejobforsalesmanager.It'sthesecretary'sjobtoinquireabouttheflightsforthemanager.certainRelative

Evenitssuccessesareonlyrelative.即使成功也只是相對的。Itisagiftformyrelativeinmyhometown.這是我送給家鄉(xiāng)一位親戚的禮物。直接引語變間接引語1、人稱的轉變

1）直接引語中的第一人稱一般轉換為第三人稱如：

Hesaid，“Iamverysorry.”——>Hesaidthathewasverysorry.2）直接引語中的第二人稱，如果原話是針對轉述人說的，轉換為第一人稱如：“Youshouldbemorecarefulnexttime,”myfathertoldme.——>MyfathertoldmethatIshouldbemorecarefulthenexttime.3）直接引語中的第二人稱，如果原話是針對第三人稱說的，轉換成第三人稱。如：Shesaidtoherson,“I'llcheckyourhomeworktonight.”——>Shesaidtohersonthatshewouldcheckhishomeworkthatnight.

直接引語間接引語

一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時一般過去時過去完成時現(xiàn)在進行時過去進行時現(xiàn)在完成時過去完成時過去完成時過去完成時過去進行時過去進行時現(xiàn)在將來時過去將來時

3、直接引語變成間接引語時，從句時態(tài)無須改變的情況1）當主句的謂語動詞是一般現(xiàn)在時的時候，如：

Healwayssays,“Iamtiredout.”——>Healwayssaysthatheistiredout.2）當主句的謂語動詞是將來時的時候，如：Hewillsay,“I’lltrymybesttohelpyou.”——>Hewillsaythathewilltryhisbesttohelpme.

3）當直接引語部分帶有具體的過去時間狀語時如：Hesaid,“Iwenttocollegein1994.”——>Hetoldusthathewenttocollegein1994.

4）當直接引語中有以when,while引導的從句，表示過去的時間時，如：Hesaid，“WhenIwasachild,Iusuallyplayedfootballafterschool.”——>Hesaidthatwhenhewasachild,heusuallyplayedfootballafterschool.5）當直接引語是客觀真理或自然現(xiàn)象時，如：Ourteachersaidtous,“Lighttravelsfasterthansound.”——>Ourteachertoldusthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.

6）當引語是諺語、格言時，如：Hesaid，“Practicemakesperfect.”——>Hesaidthatpracticemakesperfect.7）當直接引語中有情態(tài)動詞should,would,could,hadbetter,wouldrather,might,must,oughtto,usedto,need時

如：Sheasked,“MustItakethemedicine?”——>Sheaskedifshehadtotakethemedicine.

〔注〕：此處用hadto代替must更好4、時間狀語、地點狀語及某些對比性的指示代詞和動詞變化

1）時間狀語：直接引語（間接引語）

now（then）；

today(thatday）；

tomorrow（thenext/followingday）

nextweek（thenext/followingweek）

yesterday（thedaybefore）

twodaysago（twodaysbefore）

thisweek/month/year(thatweek/month/year)

2）指示代詞：these變成those

5、直接引語變間接引語，句子結構的變化1）陳述句。用連詞that引導，that在口語中常省略。主句的謂語動詞可直用接引語中的said,也可用told來代替，注意，可以說saidthat,saidtosb.that,toldsb.that，不可直接說toldthat,

3）直接引語為選擇疑問句，間接引語用whether…or…表達，而不用if…or…，也不用either…or….如：Heasked,“DoyouspeakEnglishorFrench?”——>HeaskedmewhetherIspokeEnglishorFrench.4）直接引語為特殊疑問句，改成間接引語時，原來的疑問詞作為間接引語的連詞，主句的謂語動詞用ask（sb.）來表達，語序改為陳述句語序。如：Heasked，“What'syourname?”——>Heasked（me）whatmynamewas.

5）直接引語為祈使句時，改為間接引語，用帶to的不定式表達狀語、人稱及時態(tài)都作相應的變化。如：Hesaid，“Beseated,please.”——>Heaskedustobeseated.6）有些含有“建議”——>、“勸告”——>的祈使句，可用suggest,insist,offer等動詞轉述，如：Hesaid,“Let'shavearest.”——>Hesuggestedourhavingarest7）當直接引語形式上是疑問句，有表示請求，建議意義時，可用asksb.todosth./suggestdoing/advisesb.todosth.等形式轉述。如：“Wouldyoumindopeningthedoor?”heasked.——>Heaskedmetoopenthedoor.

8）直接引語是感嘆句時，變間接引語可用what或how引導，也可用that引導，如：Shesaid,“Whatalovelydayitis!”——>Shesaidwhatalovelydayitwas.

EXCERSICE1、Sheaskedme_____mymotherlikedtheblueone.A.ifB.thatC.whatD.where2、Hesaidthathe______agoodjourney.A.hasB.willhaveC.hadD.haveACEXCERSICE3、Kateansweredthatshe____herhomework.A.finishB.finishesC.hasfinishedD.hadfinished4、Hesaidthathe___TVatthattime.A.waswatchingB.watchesC.watchingD.haswatchedDAEXCERSICE5、HeaskedLucy_____sheneededsomemoretea.A.ifB.whereC.thatD.what6、Idon’tknow____tovisittheoldmanornot.A.weatherB.ifC.whetherD.thatACEXCERSICE7、”You’vegotwell,haven’tyou?”sheasked.Sheasked______.A.ifIhavealreadygotwellB.whetherIhadalreadygotwellC.haveIalreadygotwellD.hadIalreadygotwellBEXCERSICE8、”Haveyouseenthefilm?”heaskedme.Heaskedme______.A.hadIseen