Unit2languagepoints1.differvi.

不一致,不同,相異,不同意,意見相左常見的搭配有：AandBdifferin…AdiffersfromBsbdifferfrom/withsbon/about/over/uponsth拓展differentadj.differencen.bedifferentfrom與…不同makenodifferencetosb.makeadifference

對(duì)…沒有影響起作用,產(chǎn)生影響現(xiàn)代飛機(jī)跟早期的在很多方面有所不同。Modernairplanesdifferfromearlyonesinmanyways.對(duì)于如何解決問題,我跟他的意見不一致。Idifferwithhimonhowtosolvetheproblem.即時(shí)練習(xí)：用介詞from,with,on,about,upon或in填空。(1)Wediffer_________him______________thatquestion.(2)Thetwonationsdiffer______cultureandreligion.(3)Theclimateherediffer___________thatoftheSouth.from/withon/about/upon/overinfrom/with2.exacta.精確的，準(zhǔn)確的，精密的，嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)膆erexactageanexactthinkerWeneedexactinstruments.

exactlyad.精確地，準(zhǔn)確地，確切地；(答語，表示贊同或強(qiáng)調(diào)正確）的確如此，正是真題再現(xiàn)（2008四川）--IthinkTracyneedstofindherselfanewjob.

--

.Thisiswhatwehavebeentalkingabout.ExactlyB.CheerupC.PleasedoD.Really3.payoff帶來好結(jié)果，取得成功paysth.off付清，償清paysb.off付清工資解雇（某人）他的計(jì)劃成功了嗎？Didhisplanpayoff?他們?nèi)瓴胚€清債務(wù)。Ittookthemthreeyearstopayoffthedebt.A用介詞back,off,to,填空:1)--Youreffortissuretopay_____.

--Thankyouforyourencouragement2)Thesupermarket_____whichhehadever

paidavisit,wasburnttotheground.3)HowcanIpayyou______forallyour

kindness?4)Well,aftertheseyears,we’veatlastpaid

______allourdebts.

offtobackoff4.undertakevt.實(shí)施，從事，著手做，承擔(dān),

擔(dān)任,許諾,保證，采取,答應(yīng)undertakesth承擔(dān)某事

~atask/project承擔(dān)一個(gè)任務(wù)/項(xiàng)目undertaketodosth許諾做某事/同意做某事undertakethat…保證…我愿意承接這項(xiàng)變革的責(zé)任。Icanundertaketheresponsibilityforthechange.他許諾當(dāng)我們的向?qū)?Heundertooktobeourguide.這個(gè)過程很難實(shí)施。Theprocedureisdifficulttoundertake.即時(shí)練習(xí)：完成下列句子。(1)Hewill___________________nextmonth(去旅行).(2)He______________________(承擔(dān)了一項(xiàng)新任務(wù)).undertookanewtaskundertakeajourney我不能保證我能按時(shí)做完它.Ican’tundertakeyouthatI'llfinishitontime.5.disturbvt.擾亂,使不安,弄亂disturbedadj.被擾亂的,煩惱的,不安的disturbingadj.令人不安的/引起煩惱的即時(shí)練習(xí)：用disturb,disturbing,disturbed填空。(1)I’mvery__________aboutAlice.(2)Don’t_________thepapersonmydesk.(3)Thiscountryisina____________state.(4)What____________newsitis!(5)Alightwind___________thesurfaceofthewater.disturbeddisturbeddisturbingdisturbingdisturb6.castdown：feelingunhappyanddepressed使沮喪,低沉，使下降,推翻becastdown(bysth)(因某事）沮喪，不愉快實(shí)驗(yàn)失敗使得他很沮喪。

Hewasmuchcastdownbythefailureoftheexperiment.不要沮喪。繼續(xù)保持你的精神。Don’tbesocastdown.Justkeepupyourspirits.研究克隆的科學(xué)家們沮喪地發(fā)現(xiàn)多莉得的病更容易發(fā)生在年老的動(dòng)物身上。Cloningscientists____________________thatDolly’sillnessesweremore

______________amucholderanimal.werecastdowntofindappropriateto即時(shí)練習(xí)：將下列句子譯成英語(1)聽到這個(gè)消息他很沮喪。

___________________________________(2)發(fā)現(xiàn)事情的真相使他很沮喪。_____________________________________castaway丟棄,拋棄,使失事,使漂流castoff放棄；丟棄,擺脫castout趕走,驅(qū)逐Hewascastdowntohearthenews.Findingoutthetruthmadehimcastdown.7.AltogetherDollylivedforsixyears,…altogetheradv.

①全部，總共這個(gè)中心區(qū)在這次颶風(fēng)中失去了1000多棵樹。Altogetherthecentrelostmorethan1,000treesinthehurricane.②總而言之總之，我們的成就是巨大的。③完全地(completely)他并不完全確信接下去做什么。Altogether,ourachievementsaregreat.He’snotaltogethersurewhattodonext.Cf:alltogether與altogether①作“總共”解時(shí)，它們可以互換使用。我們班總共有42個(gè)學(xué)生。②alltogether作“一道,一起”解時(shí),不能用altogether替換。如：他們一起來。③altogether意為“完全地，徹底地，總計(jì)，總而言之”，不可與alltogether互換，用于否定句時(shí)是部分否定。如：這是完全不可能的。Therewerealtogether/alltogether42studentsintheclass.Theycamealltogether.It’saltogetheroutofthequestion.我并不完全贊同你的看法。Idon’taltogetheragreewithyou.8.objectto反對(duì)；不同意

objecttosb/sthobjecttodoingsthobjecttosbdoingsthhave/makeanobjectionto(doing)sth反對(duì)/不贊成某人某事反對(duì)做某事反對(duì)某人做某事對(duì)…表示反對(duì)我們反對(duì)因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)人的錯(cuò)誤懲罰整個(gè)班級(jí)。Weobjectedtopunishingthewholeclassforone’smistake.你對(duì)這個(gè)計(jì)劃有什么異議嗎？Doyouhaveanyobjectionstotheplan?objectthat反駁,反對(duì)他反駁說警察沒在有任何證據(jù)的情況下就逮捕了他。Heobjectedthatthepolicehadarrectedhimwithoutanyevidence.

9.obtainvt.（尤指經(jīng)努力）獲得，贏得他沒能獲得獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。Hedidn’tobtainascholarship.常用結(jié)構(gòu):obtainsthfromsb/sth

從……獲得某物我們終于通過努力得到了我們一直想要的東西。Wefinallyobtainedwhatwehadalwayswantedfromhardword.obtainsbsth=obtainsthforsb

為某人贏得…那部劇使他名聲大震。Theplayobtainedhimgreatfame.=Theplayobtainedgreatfameforhim.10.forbidvt.禁止，不準(zhǔn)，不許(反義permit,allow)forbade/forbad,forbidden,forbidding公共場(chǎng)所應(yīng)禁止吸煙。forbidsth.doingsth.sb.todosth.that…Smokingshouldbeforbiddeninpublicplaces.我不準(zhǔn)你告訴任何人Iforbidyoutotellanyone.她的父親禁止她喝酒。

法律禁止在這塊土地上建筑。即時(shí)練習(xí)：完成下列句子(1)Theschool_________________________(禁止學(xué)生吸煙).(2)Heisforbiddento_______________(進(jìn)入這個(gè)房間).forbidsthestudentstosmokeentertheroomHerfatherforbidshertodrinkwine.Thelawforbidsbuildingonthisland.有些國(guó)家比如中國(guó)和英國(guó)繼續(xù)收集克隆能提供豐富的醫(yī)療幫助的證據(jù)。

SomecountriessuchasChinaandtheUKcontinuedto___________________ofthe___________medicalaidthatcloningcouldprovide.

11.accumulatevt.vi積累，聚集accumulation,accumulative他因努力工作而積蓄了一筆財(cái)富。He____________________byhardwork.我不在期間灰塵積聚了起來。__________________duringmyabsence.

accumulatedafortuneDustaccumulatedaccumulateevidenceabundant12.(be)infavourof贊成；有利于=support/befor與beagainst相對(duì)。他贊成這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃嗎？Isheinfavouroftheplan?拓展：Insb’sfavordosbafavor=doafavorforsbInfavorwithsb.對(duì)某人有利幫某人忙做受某人支持目前我沒有得到大家的支持。AtpresentIamnotinfavorwitheveryone.今天你能幫個(gè)忙去學(xué)校接邁克嗎？CouldyoudomeafavortopickupMikefromschool?

與infavourof結(jié)構(gòu)相同的短語有：inpraiseof

表?yè)P(yáng)

inhonorof/inmemoryof

紀(jì)念in

caseof

如果,假使inchargeof

掌管inpossession

of

擁有in

consequence

of

由于,作為……的結(jié)果13.owevt.

欠；應(yīng)該把……歸功于；感激，感恩經(jīng)典例句①Heoweshisfather￡50.=Heowes￡50tohisfather.

他欠他父親50英鎊。②WeowethisdiscoverytoNewton.

我們的這一發(fā)現(xiàn)歸功於牛頓。常用結(jié)構(gòu)owesb.sth.=owesth.tosb.欠(某人)債 owesth.tosb./sth.將某事物歸因或歸功於某人/事短語填空①He______hissuccess________hisparents!他把自己的成功歸功于他的父母②We______agreatdeal_____ourparents.

我們深受父母之恩。③We______________Newtontheprincipleofgravitation.

我們?nèi)颗ｎD才知道引力的原理。owesowetoowetoto14.Botherbothersb.with/aboutsth.為某事打擾或麻煩某人botherabout/withsth.為某事煩惱/操心bothertodo/doingsth.操心做某事Itbotherssb.that/todosth.使某人苦惱的是……vt.打擾vi.操心n.令人煩惱的事Don’tbotherMarywhileshe’sreading.

瑪麗讀書的時(shí)候不要打擾她。

Idon’twanttobotheryouwithmyproblems.

我不想讓你因?yàn)槲业膯栴}而擔(dān)心。Youneedn’tbotherwithyourson’slife.Afterall,heisnotyoung

now.你不必為你兒子的生活操心，畢竟他現(xiàn)在不小了。15.beboundtodo一定；注定(做)聯(lián)想拓展beboundtosth.受……限制；被……束縛beboundfor駛/開/飛往……的beboundupwith與……有密切關(guān)系短語填空①Theweather_____________________getbettertomorrow.明天天氣一定會(huì)變好。②You’vedonesomuchworkthatyou_____________________passtheexam.你下了這麼大工夫,一定能考及格。③Thisship_____________________Qingdao.答案：①isboundto②areboundto③isboundfor

16.辨析:contain與include

contain“包含,含有”,側(cè)重于包含的內(nèi)容或成分,“里面裝有”;

include“包括”,側(cè)重范圍或整體。e.g.1)Whisky________alargepercentageofalcohol.2)Thebook_________fortymaps,_________threeofGreatBritain.containscontainsincluding17.ThenucleusfromsheepBandtheeggcellfromsheepAarejoined

using

electricity.

從綿羊B中取出的細(xì)胞核與從綿羊A中取出的卵細(xì)胞用電流使之結(jié)合。1)using

electricity

為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作方式狀語。2)聯(lián)手,攜手參加活動(dòng)和某人一起做事連起來join

handsjoininsth./doingsth

joinsb.insth.joinup18.辨析:takepartin,join,joinin與attendtakepartin

指參加某項(xiàng)活動(dòng),并以積極的態(tài)度在所參加的活動(dòng)中起作用；join“加入”團(tuán)體或組織；join

in

指參加活動(dòng)和游戲；joinsb.insth.

和某人一起做某事；attend

參加會(huì)議(聽演講、聽音樂、參加婚禮)使沮喪___________________反對(duì)______________________贊成;支持________________償清;取得成功____________一直;總是_______________6.另一方面__________________castdownobjectto/haveobjectiontoinfavourofpayoffallthetimeontheotherhand/atthesametime7.引起道德問題______________8.對(duì)…產(chǎn)生巨大影響______________9.一陣強(qiáng)烈的反對(duì)________________10.醫(yī)療救助__________________11.在20世紀(jì)50年代______________12.生產(chǎn);產(chǎn)出_______________13.科學(xué)突破__________________raisemoralquestionshaveagreatimpactonastormofobjectionmedicalaidinthe1950sgivebirthtoascientificbreakthrough14.自然生產(chǎn)方式_______________15.禁止人類克隆________________16.承擔(dān)一個(gè)項(xiàng)目________________17.適合于_______________________inanaturalbirthforbidhumancloningundertakeaprojectappropriatetoLanguagepoints1ThepopularityofthefilmsuchasJurassicPark,inwhichascientistclonesseveraldifferentkindsofextinctdinosaurs,proveshowideasstruckamixtureoffearandexcitementintopeople’shearts.strike…intoone’sheart:使…刻骨銘心他的話使我深感恐懼。Hiswordsstriketerrorintomyheart.strike：(過去式_______;過去分詞_______)1).Hefell,strikinghisheadontheedgeofthetable.______________2).Theareawasstruckbyanoutbreakofcholera.____________________________3).Anawfulthoughthasjuststruckme._________4).Theystruckforbetterworkingconditions.____5).Theclockhasjuststruckthree._____________6)strikeamatch_____________________Exx.譯:1)Strikewhiletheironishot.__________________________________2)我突然想到我們?nèi)绾文芨纳凭置媪恕_________________________________________________struckstruck碰，撞，打（災(zāi)難，疾病等）侵襲，爆發(fā)想起，想到罷工報(bào)時(shí)，敲響劃，擦火柴趁熱打鐵Itstruckmehowwecouldimprovethesituation.2.Wearealongwayfrombeingabletocloneextinctanimals.Wearefarfrombeingabletocloneextinctanimals.△

wayn.(兩點(diǎn)之間的)距離,時(shí)間段想要完全適應(yīng)，她還有很長(zhǎng)的路程要走。Shestillhasalongwaytogobeforeshefullyfitsin.△awaytodo/ofdoingsth.

做…的方法/手段

getintothewayofdoingsth.養(yǎng)成…的習(xí)慣

getinthewayofsb.doingsth.擋…的路,防礙

makewayforsb.給…讓路/位置

3.Fromtimetotimepeoplesuggestthattheanimalsthathavedisappearedfromtheearth,likedinosaurs,canpossiblybebroughtbacktolifethroughcloning.人們時(shí)常設(shè)想從地球上消失的動(dòng)物,例如恐龍,有可能通過克隆技術(shù)使它們復(fù)活。fromtimetotime有時(shí),間或,偶爾,=occasionally,nowandthen。Shehastoworkatweekendsfromtimetotime.bring…backtolife使復(fù)生comebacktolifebringsb./sth.back:把…送回，歸還Pleasebringbackalllibrarybooksbytheendoftheweek.bringsthback:使回憶起，使想起；恢復(fù)，重新使用Thephotographsbroughtbackmanypleasantmemories.Mostpeopleareagainstbringingbackthedeathpenalty.bringsb.sth./bringsth.back(for)sb.(給…)帶回IbroughtaT-shirtbackforMark.4.vain:adj.徒勞的，枉然的，無結(jié)果的；自負(fù)的，自恃過高的vainattempt/hope/effortetc徒勞的嘗試/希望/努力Sheclosedhereyestightlyinavainattempttoholdbackthetears.She’stoovaintowearglasses.invain:枉費(fèi)心機(jī)，徒勞無益，白費(fèi)力氣Alloureffortswereinvain.Theytriedinvaintopersuadehertogo.5resistvt.______________抵抗；對(duì)抗resiststh.抵制；阻擋某事resistdo