Grammartoinfinitive(不定式)動(dòng)詞不定式的使用Todolikethatisfoolish.IwanttoseeyouIamtovisityouHehaslotsofworktodo.IstudyhardtoimproveEnglish.

Theteacheraskmetoanswerthequestion.主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)作主語(yǔ)TolearnEnglishisreallyimportantnowadays.Tobeadoctorismydream.1.學(xué)習(xí)外語(yǔ)真的很重要。2.做一名醫(yī)生是我的夢(mèng)想。Subject

動(dòng)詞不定式和不定式短語(yǔ)做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用it做形式主語(yǔ)，其句型結(jié)構(gòu)為：Itis+形容詞或名詞（或詞組）+不定式短語(yǔ)…這時(shí)的形容詞常為easy,difficult,hard,good,useful,wrong,right,necessary,impossible,important等。名詞或詞組常為afact,agreatday,agreatthing,apity等。Tip:作賓語(yǔ)Freddidn’thaveanymoney,sohedecidedtolookforajob.Hepromisednottotellanyoneaboutit.1.Fred沒(méi)有錢，所以他決定找一份工作。2.他答應(yīng)不告述任何人這事。Object

Canyougivesomeexamples?作表語(yǔ)Mytaskistofinishthehomework.Toseeistobelieve.1.我的任務(wù)是去完成作業(yè)。2.眼見為實(shí)。Predicative

作定語(yǔ)Doyouhaveanythingtosay?1.你有什么要說(shuō)的嗎?2.Betty是第一個(gè)知道這真相的人

BettywasthefirsttoknowthetruthAttribute注1:不定式做定語(yǔ)時(shí)，表示未做。

Ihaveaveryimportantmeetingtoattendtomorrow.注2:動(dòng)詞不定式用作定語(yǔ)時(shí)可以放在一些名詞的后面。如：

attempt,ability,chance,desire,determination,decision,effort,failure,intention,needandopportunity.注3：當(dāng)名詞被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)，常用不定式作定語(yǔ)

作狀語(yǔ)Hespokeloudly(soas/inorder)tobeheard.Iamhappytohearthenews.I’mtootiredtowalkanyfurthertonight.目的狀語(yǔ).原因狀語(yǔ).結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)Adverbial作賓補(bǔ)Sheaskedmetostaythere.1.她叫我呆在這兒。2.請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我介紹Mr.White給你們。

PleaseallowmetointroduceMr.Whitetoyou.Objectcomplement我聽到他在唱流行歌曲Iheardthemsingapopsong.我看到他們踢足球了Wewatchedthemplayfootball.他讓我擦玻璃Hemademecleanthewindow.ⅠBare

infinitive（不定式符號(hào)to的省略）A.有些動(dòng)詞后面的不定式不帶to，“5321”如see,watch,notice,observe（五看）.make,have,let（三讓）hear,listento（二聽）feel（一感）主動(dòng)省“to”，被動(dòng)加“to”注意注意B①介詞but，except,表示“除了”后接不定式作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，介詞前有行為動(dòng)詞do，不定式省to。②當(dāng)主語(yǔ)部分有行為動(dòng)詞do，不定式做表語(yǔ)省to?！扒坝衐o，后省to”

wehadnothingtodo

but/exceptwait.WhatIwanttodois

find

somebooks.注意

C.兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的不定式由連詞and，or，but，ratherthan連接時(shí)，第二個(gè)不定式符號(hào)to開始，往往省略。1.Wouldyouliketogoshoppingor

watchfilms.2.Idecidetowork

ratherthan

play.3.Shetoldmetolistencarefullyand

workhard注意

作簡(jiǎn)短回答或避免不必要的重復(fù)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞不定式常常省去to后面的動(dòng)詞，只保留不定式符號(hào)to。A:Wouldyouliketocometomyparty?Marywantedtousemybike,butIaskedhernotto(usemybike).B:Yes,I’dloveto(cometoyourparty).Mary想用我的自行車，但我叫她別用。Ⅱ不定式后動(dòng)詞的省略動(dòng)詞不定式還可以和what,where,how,when,which等連接代詞（副詞）連用，在句中做主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)，賓補(bǔ)。如：1.如何處理垃圾是個(gè)問(wèn)題。

______________________isaproblem.2.Icouldn’tdecide________________.(買哪一個(gè))HowtodealwiththerubbishwhichonetobuyⅢ疑問(wèn)詞+todo時(shí)態(tài)/語(yǔ)態(tài)主動(dòng)被動(dòng)一般式todotobedone進(jìn)行式tobedoing

/完成式tohavedonetohavebeendoneⅣ不定式的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)1.Heissaidtogotobeijing.Todo一般表示動(dòng)作未做3.Heissaidtohavestudiedabroadfor2years.2.Heissaidtobestudyingabroad.Tohavedone表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生（發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前）Tobedoing所表示的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。

practise當(dāng)堂鞏固Practisemakesperfect1.—Andyworkshard.sohedoes,heisoftenseen_____afterwork.A.playingB.toplayC.tobeplayedD.tobeplaying2.I’mthirsty.Wouldyoupleasegivemesomething_____.A.drunkB.todrinkC.tobedrunkD.drinking3.DoyouplantogotoBeijing?Yes,Iplan___.A.\C.soD.thatB.to4.Hegaveussomeadviceonhow____English.A.improvingB.improved

D.improveC.toimprove5.Togetagoodmark,______.A.alotofpracticeisneededB.itneedspracticeC.practiceisinneedofD.youneedalotofpractice非謂語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，前后兩個(gè)句子的主語(yǔ)必須一致。getyou

高考真題體驗(yàn)1.Hetolduswhether_____apicnicwasstillunderdiscussion.(09四川卷)B.havingC.haveD.had2.canIsmokehere?sorry.wedon’tallow___here.(O7江蘇卷)A.peoplesmokingB.tosmokec.peoplesmokeA.tohaveD.smoking3.Manybuildingsinthecityneedrepairing,buttheone______firstisthelibrary.（2010重慶卷）repaired B.beingrepairedC.repairing D.toberepaired4.Theexperimentshowsthatproperamountsofexercise,if___

regularly,canimproveourhealth.(2010浙江卷)A．beingcarriedoutB.carryingoutC．carriedoutD．tocarryout

if5.Ihadgreatdifficulty

thesuitablefoodonthemenuinthatrestaurant.（2010上海）A.findB.foundC.tofindD.finding6.Thatistheonlywaywecanimagine

theoveruseofwaterinstudents'bathrooms.(2010上海卷)A.reducingB.toreduceC.reducedD.reducewecanimagine7.Thereweremanytalentedactorsouttherejustwaiting______.（10江西卷）AtodiscoverBtobediscoveredCdiscoveredDbeingdiscovered8.Wewereastonished

thetemplestillinitsoriginalcondition.（2010遼寧卷）AfindingB.tofindC.findD.tobefound

9.Alexandertriedtogethiswork_

inthemedicalcircles.(2010遼寧卷)A.torecognizeB.recognizingC.recogniz