絕密★啟用前2017年全國(guó)碩士研究生招生考試英語(yǔ)（-） ] （科目代碼：201） ] ☆考生注意事項(xiàng)仝.答題前，考生須在試題冊(cè)指定位置上填寫(xiě)考生編號(hào)和考生姓名；在答題卡指定位置上填寫(xiě)報(bào)考單位、考生姓名和考生編號(hào)，并涂寫(xiě)考生編號(hào)信息點(diǎn)。.考生須把試題冊(cè)上的“試卷?xiàng)l形碼”粘貼條取下，粘貼在答題卡的“試卷?xiàng)l形碼粘貼位置”框中。不按規(guī)定粘貼條形碼而影響評(píng)卷結(jié)果的，責(zé)任由考生自負(fù)。.選擇題的答案必須涂寫(xiě)在答題卡相應(yīng)題號(hào)的選項(xiàng)上，非選擇題的答案必須書(shū)寫(xiě)在答題卡指定位置的邊框區(qū)域內(nèi)。超出答題區(qū)域書(shū)寫(xiě)的答案無(wú)效；在草稿紙、試題冊(cè)上答題無(wú)效。.填（書(shū)）寫(xiě)部分必須使用黑色字跡簽字筆書(shū)寫(xiě)，字跡工整、筆跡清楚；涂寫(xiě)部分必須使用2B鉛筆填涂。.考試結(jié)束，將答題卡和試題冊(cè)按規(guī)定交回。（以下信息考生必須認(rèn)真填寫(xiě)）考生編號(hào)考生姓名2017年全國(guó)碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語(yǔ)(一)試題UseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Couldahugadaykeepthedoctoraway?Theanswermaybearesounding“yes!” ]helpingyoufeelcloseand2topeopleyoucareabout,itturnsoutthathugscanbringa3ofhealthbenefitstoyourbodyandmind.Believeitornot,awarmembracemightevenhelpyou4gettingsickthiswinter.Inarecentstudy5over400healthyadults,researchersfromCarnegieMellonUniversityinPennsylvaniaexaminedtheeffectsofperceivedsocialsupportandthereceiptofhugs6 theparticipants,susceptibilitytodevelopingthecommoncoldafterbeing7tothevirus.Peoplewhoperceivedgreatersocialsupportwerelesslikelytocome8withacold,andtheresearchers9thatthestress-reducingeffectsofhugging10about32percentofthatbeneficialeffect.11amongthosewhogotacold,theoneswhofeltgreatersocialsupportandreceivedmorefrequenthugshadlesssevere12.“Huggingprotectspeoplewhoareunderstressfromthe_13_riskforcoldsthat'susually14withstress,“notesSheldonCohen,aprofessorofpsychologyatCarnegie.Hugging“isamarkerofintimacyandhelps15thefeelingthatothersaretheretohelp16difficulty.”Someexperts17thestress-reducing,health-relatedbenefitsofhuggingtothereleaseofoxytocin,oftencalled46thebondinghormone"18itpromotesattachmentinrelationships,includingthatbetweenmothersandtheirnewbornbabies.Oxytocinismadeprimarilyinthecentrallowerpartofthebrain,andsomeofitisreleasedintothebloodstream.Butsomeofit19inthebrain,whereit20_mood,behaviorandphysiology.

1.[A]Unlike[B]Besides[C]Despite[D]Throughout2.[A]connected[B]restricted[C]equal[D]inferior3.[A]choice[B]view[C]lesson[D]host4.[A]recall[B]forget[C]avoid[D]keep5.[A]collecting[B]involving[C]guiding[D]affecting6.[A]of[B]in[C]at[D]on7.[A]devoted[B]exposed[C]lost[D]attracted8.[A]across[B]along[C]down[D]out9.[A]calculated[B]denied[C]doubted[D]imagined10.[A]served[B]required[C]restored[D]explained11.[A]Even[B]Still[C]Rather[D]Thus12.[A]defeats[B]symptoms[C]tests[D]errors13.[A]minimized[B]highlighted[C]controlled[D]increased14.[A]equipped[B]associated[C]presented[D]compared15.[A]assess[B]moderate[C]generate[D]record16.[A]inthefaceof[B]intheformof[C]inthewayof[D]inthenameof17.[A]transfer[B]commit[C]attribute[D]return18.[A]because[B]unless[C]though[D]until19.[A]emerges[B]vanishes[C]remains[D]decreases20.[A]experiences[B]combines[C]justifies[D]influencesReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Firsttwohours,nowthreehours-thisishowfarinadvanceauthoritiesarerecommendingpeopleshowuptocatchadomesticflight,atleastatsomemajorU.S.airportswithincreasinglymassivesecuritylines.Americansarewillingtotoleratetime-consumingsecurityproceduresinreturnforincreasedsafety.ThecrashofEgyptAirFlight804,whichterroristsmayhavedownedovertheMediterraneanSea,providesanothertragicreminderofwhy.Butdemandingtoomuchofairtravelersorprovidingtoolittlesecurityinreturnunderminespublicsupportfortheprocess.Anditshould:WastedtimeisadragonAmericans9economicandprivatelives,nottomentioninfuriating.Lastyear,theTransportationSecurityAdministration(TSA)foundinasecretcheckthatundercoverinvestigatorswereabletosneakweapons-bothfakeandreal-pastairportsecuritynearlyeverytimetheytried.Enhancedsecuritymeasuressincethen,combinedwithariseinairlinetravelduetotheimprovingeconomyandlowoilprices,haveresultedinlongwaitsatmajorairportssuchasChicago'sO9HareInternational.Itisnotyetclearhowmuchmoreeffectiveairlinesecurityhasbecome-butthelinesareobvious.Partoftheissueisthatthegovernmentdidnotanticipatethesteepincreaseinairlinetravel,sotheTSAisnowrushingtogetnewscreenersontheline.Partoftheissueisthatairportshaveonlysomuchroomforscreeninglanes.Anotherfactormaybethatmorepeoplearetryingtooverpacktheircarry-onbagstoavoidchecked-baggagefees,thoughtheairlinesstronglydisputethis.ThereisonesteptheTSAcouldtakethatwouldnotrequireremodelingairportsorrushingtohire:EnrollmorepeopleinthePreCheckprogram.PreCheckissupposedtobeawin-winfortravelersandtheTSA.Passengerswhopassabackgroundcheckareeligibletouseexpeditedscreeninglanes.ThisallowstheTSAtofocusontravelerswhoarehigherrisk,savingtimeforeveryoneinvolved.TheTSAwantstoenroll25millionpeopleinPreCheck.Ithasnotgottenanywhereclosetothat,andonebigreasonisstickershock:Passengersmustpay$85everyfiveyearstoprocesstheirbackgroundchecks.Sincethebeginning,thispricetaghasbeenPreCheck'sfatalflaw.Upcomingreformsmightbringthepricetoamorereasonablelevel.ButCongressshouldlookintodoingsodirectly,byhelpingtofinancePreCheckenrollmentortocutcostsinotherways.TheTSAcannotcontinuedivertingresourcesintounderusedPreChecklaneswhilemostofthetravelingpublicsuffersinunnecessarylines.Itislongpasttimetomaketheprogramwork.ThecrashofEgyptAirFlight804ismentionedtoexplainAmerican'stoleranceofcurrentsecuritychecks.stresstheurgencytostrengthensecurityworldwide.highlightthenecessityofupgradingmajorU.S.airports.emphasizetheimportanceofprivacyprotection.Whichofthefollowingcontributestolongwaitsatmajorairports?Newrestrictionsoncarry-onbags.ThedecliningefficiencyoftheTSA.Anincreaseinthenumberoftravelers.Frequentunexpectedsecretchecks.Theword“expedited”(Line4,Para.5)isclosestinmeaningtoquieter.cheaper.wider.faster.OneproblemwiththePreCheckprogramisadramaticreductionofitsscale.itswrongly-directedimplementation.thegovernment'sreluctancetobackit.anunreasonablepriceforenrollment.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?LessScreeningforMoreSafetyPreCheck-aBelatedSolutionGettingStuckinSecurityLinesUnderusedPreCheckLanes“TheancientHawaiianswereastronomers/5wroteQueenLiliuokalani,Hawaii9slastreigningmonarch,in1897.StarwatcherswereamongthemostesteemedmembersofHawaiiansociety.Sadly,allisnotwellwithastronomyinHawaiitoday.ProtestshaveeruptedoverconstructionoftheThirtyMeterTelescope(TMT),agiantobservatorythatpromisestorevolutionizehumanity'sviewofthecosmos.AtissueistheTMT'splannedlocationonMaunaKea,adormantvolcanoworshipedbysomeHawaiiansasthepiko,thatconnectstheHawaiianIslandstotheheavens.ButMaunaKeaisalsohometosomeoftheworld'smostpowerfultelescopes.RestedinthePacificOcean,MaunaKea'speakrisesabovethebulkofourplanefsdenseatmosphere,whereconditionsallowtelescopestoobtainimagesofunsurpassedclarity.OppositiontotelescopesonMaunaKeaisnothingnew.AsmallbutvocalgroupofHawaiiansandenvironmentalistshavelongviewedtheirpresenceasdisrespectforsacredlandandapainfulreminderoftheoccupationofwhatwasonceasovereignnation.Someblameforthecurrentcontroversybelongstoastronomers.Intheireagernesstobuildbiggertelescopes,theyforgotthatscienceisnottheonlywayofunderstandingtheworld.TheydidnotalwaysprioritizetheprotectionofMaunaKea'sfragileecosystemsoritsholinesstotheisland'sinhabitants.Hawaiiancultureisnotarelicofthepast;itisalivingcultureundergoingarenaissancetoday.Yetsciencehasaculturalhistory,too,withrootsgoingbacktothedawnofcivilization.ThesamecuriositytofindwhatliesbeyondthehorizonthatfirstbroughtearlyPolynesianstoHawaii'sshoresinspiresastronomerstodaytoexploretheheavens.CallstodisassemblealltelescopesonMaunaKeaortobanfuturedevelopmentthereignoretherealitythatastronomyandHawaiianculturebothseektoanswerbigquestionsaboutwhoweare,wherewecomefromandwherewearegoing.Perhapsthatiswhyweexplorethestarryskies,asifansweringaprimalcallingtoknowourselvesandourtrueancestralhomes.TheastronomycommunityismakingcompromisestochangeitsuseofMaunaKea.TheTMTsitewaschosentominimizethetelescope'svisibilityaroundtheislandandtoavoidarchaeologicalandenvironmentalimpact.TolimitthenumberoftelescopesonMaunaKea,oldoneswillberemovedattheendoftheirlifetimesandtheirsitesreturnedtoanaturalstate.ThereisnoreasonwhyeveryonecannotbewelcomedonMaunaKeatoembracetheirculturalheritageandtostudythestars.QueenLiliuokalani'sremarkinParagraph1indicatesherconservativeviewonthehistoricalroleofastronomy.theimportanceofastronomyinancientHawaiiansociety.theregrettabledeclineofastronomyinancienttimes.herappreciationofstarwatchers9featsinhertime.MaunaKeaisdeemedasanidealastronomicalsiteduetoitsgeographicalfeatures.itsprotectivesurroundings.itsreligiousimplications.itsexistinginfrastructure.TheconstructionoftheTMTisopposedbysomelocalspartlybecauseitmayriskruiningtheirintellectuallife.itremindsthemofahumiliatinghistory.theirculturewillloseachanceofrevival.theyfearlosingcontrolofMaunaKea.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph5thatprogressintoday'sastronomyisfulfillingthedreamsofancientHawaiians.helpsspreadHawaiiancultureacrosstheworld.mayuncovertheoriginofHawaiianculture.willeventuallysoftenHawaiians9hostility.Theauthor'sattitudetowardchoosingMaunaKeaastheTMTsiteisoneofseverecriticism.passiveacceptance.slighthesitancy.fullapproval.RobertF.Kennedyoncesaidthatacountry'sGDPmeasures"everythingexceptthatwhichmakeslifeworthwhile.MWithBritainvotingtoleavetheEuropeanUnion,andGDPalreadypredictedtoslowasaresult,itisnowatimelymomenttoassesswhathewasreferringto.ThequestionofGDPanditsusefulnesshasannoyedpolicymakersforoverhalfacentury.Manyarguethatitisaflawedconcept.Itmeasuresthingsthatdonotmatterandmissesthingsthatdo.Bymostrecentmeasures,theUK'sGDPhasbeentheenvyoftheWesternworld,withrecordlowunemploymentandhighgrowthfigures.Ifeverythingwasgoingsowell,thenwhydidover17millionpeoplevoteforBrexit,despitethewarningsaboutwhatitcoulddototheircountry'seconomicprospects?Arecentannualstudyofcountriesandtheirabilitytoconvertgrowthintowell-beingshedssomelightonthatquestion.Acrossthe163countriesmeasured,theUKisoneofthepoorestperformersinensuringthateconomicgrowthistranslatedintomeaningfulimprovementsforitscitizens.RatherthanjustfocusingonGDP,over40differentsetsofcriteriafromhealth,educationandcivilsocietyengagementhavebeenmeasuredtogetamoreroundedassessmentofhowcountriesareperforming.Whileallofthesecountriesfacetheirownchallenges,thereareanumberofconsistentthemes.Yes,therehasbeenabuddingeconomicrecoverysincethe2008globalcrash,butinkeyindicatorsinareassuchashealthandeducation,majoreconomieshavecontinuedtodecline.Yetthisisn'tthecasewithallcountries.SomerelativelypoorEuropeancountrieshaveseenhugeimprovementsacrossmeasuresincludingcivilsociety,incomeequalityandtheenvironment.Thisisalessonthatrichcountriescanlearn:WhenGDPisnolongerregardedasthesolemeasureofacountry'ssuccess,theworldlooksverydifferent.So,whatKennedywasreferringtowasthatwhileGDPhasbeenthemostcommonmethodformeasuringtheeconomicactivityofnations,asameasure,itisnolongerenough.Itdoesnotincludeimportantfactorssuchasenvironmentalqualityoreducationoutcomes-allthingsthatcontributetoaperson'ssenseofwell-being.ThesharphittogrowthpredictedaroundtheworldandintheUKcouldleadtoadeclineintheeverydayserviceswedependonforourwell-beingandforgrowth.Butpolicymakerswhorefocuseffortsonimprovingwell-beingratherthansimplyworryingaboutGDPfigurescouldavoidtheforecasteddoomandmayevenseeprogress.RobertF.KennedyiscitedbecausehepraisedtheUKforitsGDP.identifiedGDPwithhappiness.misinterpretedtheroleofGDP.hadalowopinionofGDP.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph2thattheUKisreluctanttoremolditseconomicpattern.GDPasthemeasureofsuccessiswidelydefiedintheUK.theUKwillcontributelesstotheworldeconomy.policymakersintheUKarepayinglessattentiontoGDP.Whichofthefollowingistrueabouttherecentannualstudy?Itissponsoredby163countries.ItexcludesGDPasanindicator.Itscriteriaarequestionable.Itsresultsareenlightening.Inthelasttwoparagraphs,theauthorsuggeststhattheUKispreparingforaneconomicboom.highGDPforeshadowsaneconomicdecline.itisessentialtoconsiderfactorsbeyondGDP.itrequirescautiontohandleeconomicissues.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?HighGDPButInadequateWell-being,aUKLessonGDPFigures,aWindowonGlobalEconomicHealthRobertF.Kennedy,aTerminatorofGDPBrexit,theUK'sGatewaytoWell-beingTnarareunanimousruling,theUSSupremeCourthasoverturnedthecorruptionconvictionofaformerVirginiagovernor,RobertMcDonnell.Butitdidsowhileholdingitsnoseattheethicsofhisconduct,whichincludedacceptinggiftssuchasaRolexwatchandaFerrariautomobilefromacompanyseekingaccesstogovernment.Thehighcourt'sdecisionsaidthejudgeinMr.McDonnelFstrialfailedtotellajurythatitmustlookonlyathis"officialacts/9ortheformergovernor'sdecisionson“specific“andctunsettled^^issuesrelatedtohisduties.Merelyhelpingagift-givergainaccesstootherofficials,unlessdonewithclearintenttopressurethoseofficials,isnotcorruption,thejusticesfound.ThecourtdidsuggestthatacceptingfavorsinreturnforopeningdoorsisU€distastefuF,and“nasty."Butunderanti-briberylaws,proofmustbemadeofconcretebenefits,suchasapprovalofacontractorregulation.Simplyarrangingameeting,makingaphonecall,orhostinganeventisnotan“officialact".Thecourt9srulingislegallysoundindefiningakindoffavoritismthatisnotcriminal.Electedleadersmustbeallowedtohelpsupportersdealwithbureaucraticproblemswithoutfearofprosecutionforbribery."Thebasiccompactunderlyingrepresentativegovernment,wroteChiefJusticeJohnRobertsfbrthecourt,"assumesthatpublicofficialswillhearfromtheirconstituentsandactontheirconcems.^^Buttherulingreinforcestheneedforcitizensandtheirelectedrepresentatives,notthecourts,toensureequalityofaccesstogovernment.Officialsmustnotbeallowedtoplayfavoritesinprovidinginformationorinarrangingmeetingssimplybecauseanindividualorgroupprovidesacampaigndonationorapersonalgift.Thistypeofintegrityrequireswell-enforcedlawsingovernmenttransparency,suchasrecordsofofficialmeetings,rulesonlobbying,andinformationabouteachelectedleader'ssourceofwealth.Favoritisminofficialaccesscanfanpublicperceptionsofcorruption.Butitisnotalwayscorruption.Ratherofficialsmustavoiddoublestandards,ordifferenttypesofaccessforaveragepeopleandthewealthy.Ifconnectionscanbebought,abasicpremiseofdemocraticsociety-thatallareequalintreatmentbygovernment-isundermined.Goodgovernancerestsonanunderstandingoftheinherentworthofeachindividual.Thecourt'srulingisastepforwardinthestruggleagainstbothcorruptionandofficialfavoritism.Theunderlinedsentence(Para.l)mostprobablyshowsthatthecourtavoideddefiningtheextentofMcDonnelfsduties.madenocompromiseinconvictingMcDonnell.wascontemptuousofMcDonnelPsconduct.refusedtocommentonMcDonnelFsethics.AccordingtoParagraph4,anofficialactisdeemedcorruptiveonlyifitinvolvesleakingsecretsintentionally.sizablegainsintheformofgifts.concretereturnsforgift-givers.breakingcontractsofficially.Thecourt'srulingisbasedontheassumptionthatpublicofficialsarejustifiedinaddressingtheneedsoftheirconstituents.qualifiedtodealindependentlywithbureaucraticissues.allowedtofocusontheconcernsoftheirsupporters.exemptfromconvictiononthechargeoffavoritism.Well-enforcedlawsingovernmenttransparencyareneededtoawakentheconscienceofofficials.guaranteefairplayinofficialaccess.allowforcertainkindsoflobbying.inspirehopesinaveragepeople.Theauthor'sattitudetowardthecourt'srulingissarcastic.tolerant.skeptical.supportive.PartBDirections:Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.Forquestions41-45,youarerequiredtoreorganizetheseparagraphsintoacoherenttextbychoosingfromthelistA-Gandfillingthemintothenumberedboxes.ParagraphsBandDhavebeencorrectlyplaced.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)[A]Thefirstpublishedsketch,“ADinneratPoplarWalk"broughttearstoDickens'seyeswhenhediscovereditinthepagesofTheMonthlyMagazine.Fromthenonhissketches,whichappearedunderthepenname"Boz"inTheEveningChronicle^earnedhimamodestreputation.|BJTherunawaysuccessofThePickwickPapers,asitisgenerallyknowntoday,securedDickens'sfame.TherewerePickwickcoatsandPickwickcigars,andtheplump,spectacledhero,SamuelPickwick,becameanationalfigure.dSoonafterSketchesbyBozappeared,apublishingfirmapproachedDickenstowriteastoryinmonthlyinstallments,asabackdropforaseriesofwoodcutsbythethen-famousartistRobertSeymour,whohadoriginatedtheideaforthestory.Withcharacteristicconfidence,DickenssuccessfullyinsistedthatSeymour'spicturesillustratehisownstoryinstead.Afterthefirstinstallment,DickenswrotetotheartistandaskedhimtocorrectadrawingDickensfeltwasnotfaithfulenoughtohisprose.Seymourmadethechange,wentintohisbackyard,andexpressedhisdispleasurebycommittingsuicide.Dickensandhispublisherssimplypressedonwithanewartist.Thecomicnovel,ThePosthumousPapersofthePickwickClub,appearedseriallyin1836and1837andwasfirstpublishedinbookformin1837.|D]CharlesDickensisprobablythebest-knownand,tomanypeople,thegreatestEnglishnovelistofthe19thcentury.Amoralist,satirist,andsocialreformer,DickenscraftedcomplexplotsandstrikingcharactersthatcapturethepanoramaofEnglishsociety.Soonafterhisfather'sreleasefromprison,Dickensgotabetterjobaserrandboyinlawoffices.HetaughthimselfshorthandtogetanevenbetterjoblaterasacourtstenographerandasareporterinParliament.Atthesametime,Dickens,whohadareporter'seyefortranscribingthelifearoundhim,especiallyanythingcomicorodd,submittedshortsketchestoobscuremagazines.DickenswasbominPortsmouth,onEngland'ssoutherncoast.HisfatherwasaclerkintheBritishNavypayoffice-arespectableposition,butwithlittlesocialstatus.Hispaternalgrandparents,astewardandahousekeeper,possessedevenlessstatus,havingbeenservants,andDickenslaterconcealedtheirbackground.Dickens9smothersupposedlycamefromamorerespectablefamily.YettwoyearsbeforeDickens'sbirth,hismother'sfatherwascaughtstealingandfledtoEurope,nevertoreturn.Thefamily'sincreasingpovertyforcedDickensoutofschoolatage12toworkinWarren'sBlackingWarehouse,ashoe-polishfactory,wheretheotherworkingboysmockedhimas“theyounggentleman.^^Hisfatherwasthenimprisonedfordebt.Thehumiliationsofhisfather'simprisonmentandhislaborintheblackingfactoryformedDickens'sgreatestwoundandbecamehisdeepestsecret.Hecouldnotconfidethemeventohiswife,althoughtheyprovidetheunacknowledgedfoundationofhisfiction.AfterPickwick,Dickensplungedintoableakerworld.InOliverTwist,hetracesanorphan'sprogressfromtheworkhousetothecriminalslumsofLondon.NicholasNickleby,hisnextnovel,combinesthedarknessofOliverTwistwiththesunlightofPickwick.ThepopularityofthesenovelsconsolidatedDickens5asanationallyandinternationallycelebratedmanofletters.I41.I42.It「43.」I44.IBI45.PartCDirections:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)ThegrowthoftheuseofEnglishastheworld'sprimarylanguageforinternationalcommunicationhasobviouslybeencontinuingforseveraldecades.(46)ButevenasthenumberofEnglishipeakersexpandsfarthertherearesignsthattheglobalpredominanceofthelanguagemayfhdewithintheforeseeablefiiture.Complexinternational,economic,technologicalandculturalchangescouldstarttodiminishtheleadingpositionofEnglishasthelanguageoftheworldmarket,andUKinterestswhichenjoyadvantagefromthebreadthofEnglishusagewouldconsequentlyfacenewpressures.ThoserealisticpossibilitiesarehighlightedinthestudypresentedbyDavidGraddoL(47)HisanalysisshouldthereforeendanycontentednessamongthosewhomaybelievethattheglobalpositionofEnglishissostablethattheyounggenerationsoftheUnitedKingdomdonotneedadditionallanquaqecapabilities.DavidGraddolconcludesthatmonoglotEnglishgraduatesfaceableakeconomicfutureasqualifiedmultilingualyoungstersfromothercountriesareprovingtohaveacompetitiveadvantageovertheirBritishcounterpartsinglobalcompaniesandorganisations.Alongsidethat,(48)manycountriesareintroducingEnglishintotheprimary-schoolcurriculumbutBritishschoolchildrenandstudentsdonotappeartobeqaininq"eaterencouragementtoachievefluencyinotherlanguages.Iflefttothemselves,suchtrendswilldiminishtherelativestrengthoftheEnglishlanguageininternationaleducationmarketsasthedemandforeducationalresourcesinlanguages,suchasSpanish,ArabicorMandaringrowsandinternationalbusinessprocessoutsourcinginotherlanguagessuchasJapanese,FrenchandGerman,spreads.(49)ThechangesidentifiedbyDavidGraddolallpresentclearandmajorchallengestotheUK'sprovidersofEnglishlanguageteachingtopeopleofothercountriesandtobroadereducationbusinesssectors.TheEnglishlanguageteachingsectordirectlyearnsnearly￡1.3billionfortheUKininvisibleexportsandourothereducationrelatedexportsearnupto￡10billionayearmore.Astheinternationaleducationmarketexpands,therecentslowdowninthenumbersofinternationalstudentsstudyinginthemainEnglish-speakingcountriesislikelytocontinue,especiallyiftherearenoeffectivestrategicpoliciestopreventsuchslippage.Theanticipationofpossibleshiftsindemandprovidedbythisstudyissignificant:(50)Itgivesabasist。allorganisationswhichseektopromotethelearninganduseofEnWish,abasisforplanningtomeetthepossibilitiesofwhatcouldbeaverydifferentoperatingenvironment.Thatisanecessaryandpracticalapproach.Inthisasinmuchelse,thosewhowishtoinfluencethefuturemustprepareforit.SectionIIIWritingPartADirections:YouaretowriteanemailtoJamesCook,anewly-arrivedAustralianprofessor,recommendingsometouristattractionsinyourcity.Pleasegivereasonsforyourrecommendation.YoushouldwriteneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheemail.Use“LiMing"instead.Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)PartBDirections:Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingpictures.Inyouressay,youshoulddescribethepicturesbriefly,interpretthemeaning,and)giveyourcomments.YoushouldwriteneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.(20points)“有書(shū)”與“讀書(shū)”絕密★啟用前2018年全國(guó)碩士研究生招生考試英語(yǔ)（-） ] （科目代碼：201） ] ☆考生注意事項(xiàng)仝.答題前，考生須在試題冊(cè)指定位置上填寫(xiě)考生編號(hào)和考生姓名；在答題卡指定位置上填寫(xiě)報(bào)考單位、考生姓名和考生編號(hào)，并涂寫(xiě)考生編號(hào)信息點(diǎn)。.考生須把試題冊(cè)上的“試卷?xiàng)l形碼”粘貼條取下，粘貼在答題卡的“試卷?xiàng)l形碼粘貼位置”框中。不按規(guī)定粘貼條形碼而影響評(píng)卷結(jié)果的，責(zé)任由考生自負(fù)。.選擇題的答案必須涂寫(xiě)在答題卡相應(yīng)題號(hào)的選項(xiàng)上，非選擇題的答案必須書(shū)寫(xiě)在答題卡指定位置的邊框區(qū)域內(nèi)。超出答題區(qū)域書(shū)寫(xiě)的答案無(wú)效；在草稿紙、試題冊(cè)上答題無(wú)效。.填（書(shū)）寫(xiě)部分必須使用黑色字跡簽字筆書(shū)寫(xiě)，字跡工整、筆跡清楚；涂寫(xiě)部分必須使用2B鉛筆填涂。.考試結(jié)束，將答題卡和試題冊(cè)按規(guī)定交回。（以下信息考生必須認(rèn)真填寫(xiě)）考生編號(hào)考生姓名2018年全國(guó)碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語(yǔ)(一)試題SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Trustisatrickybusiness.Ontheonehand,it'sanecessarycondition]manyworthwhilethings:childcare,friendships,etc.Ontheotherhand,puttingyour2inthewrongplaceoftencarriesahigh3 .4,whydowetrustatall?Well,becauseitfeelsgood.5peopleplacetheirtrustinanindividualoraninstitution,theirbrainsreleaseoxytocin,ahormonethat6pleasurablefeelingsandtriggerstheherdinginstinctthatpromptshumansto7withoneanother.Scientistshavefoundthatexposure8thishormoneputsusinatrusting9:InaSwissstudy,researcherssprayedoxytocinintothenosesofhalfthesubjects;thosesubjectswerereadytolendsignificantlyhigheramountsofmoneytostrangersthanweretheir10whoinhaledsomethingelse.11forus,wealsohaveasixthsensefordishonestythatmay12us.ACanadianstudyfoundthatchildrenasyoungas14monthscandifferentiate13acrediblepersonandadishonestone.Sixtytoddlerswereeach14toanadulttesterholdingaplasticcontainer.Thetesterwouldask,"What'sinhere?”beforelookingintothecontainer,smiling,andexclaiming,"Wow!"Eachsubjectwastheninvitedtolook15.Halfofthemfoundatoy;theotherhalf16thecontainerwasempty-andrealizedthetesterhad17them.Amongthechildrenwhohadnotbeentricked,themajoritywere18tocooperatewiththetesterinlearninganewskill,demonstratingthattheytrustedhisleadership.19,onlyfiveofthe30childrenpairedwiththe“20_testerparticipatedinafbllow-upactivity.

■1.[A]on[B]like[C]for[D]from2.[A]faith[B]concern[C]attention[D]interest3.[A]benefit[B]debt[C]hope[D]price4.[A]Theref