書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-三門峽職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.翻譯題

Agoodbookisoftenthebesturnofalifeenshriningthebestthatlifecouldthinkout;fortheworldofman'slifeis,forthemostpart,buttheworldofhisthoughts.Thusthebestbooksaretreasuriesofgoodwords,thegoldenthoughts,which,rememberedandcherished,becomeourconstantcompanionsandcomforters.“Theyareneveralone,”saidSirPhilipSidney,“thatareaccompaniedbynoblethoughts.”

Thegoodandtruethoughtmayintimesoftemptationbeasanangleofmercypurifyingandguardingthesoul.Italsoenshrinesthegermsofaction,forgoodwordsalmostalwaysinspiretogoodworks.

【答案】好書常如最精美的寶器，珍藏著人生的思想的精華；因?yàn)槿说纳钍澜缰饕撬乃枷胧澜?。因此，最好的書是金玉良言和崇高思想的寶?kù)，這些良言和思想若銘記于心并多加珍視，就會(huì)成為我們忠實(shí)的伴侶和永恒的慰藉。菲利普?西德尼爵士說(shuō)過(guò)：“有高尚思想做伴的人永不孤獨(dú)。”

在我們受到誘惑的時(shí)候，美好真實(shí)的思想可以作為一種仁慈的視角，凈化和保護(hù)我們的靈魂。這同樣孕育著行為的萌芽，因?yàn)榻鹩窳佳钥偰芗?lì)善行。

2.單選題

Japanisoneofonlythreecountriesthatnowhuntwhalesand（

）thegovernmentsaysitisanimportantculturaltradition.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.that

B.which

C.whose

D.where

【答案】D

【解析】考查語(yǔ)法知識(shí)。題干中and表示并列關(guān)系，連接兩個(gè)并列的定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞countries。后一定語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)thegovernment與先行詞countries不等同，并且由于有定冠詞the，所以關(guān)系詞不能是whose，而只能是表地點(diǎn)的關(guān)系副詞where。句意：日本是目前僅有的三個(gè)捕鯨國(guó)家之一，日本政府表示，捕鯨是一項(xiàng)重要的文化傳統(tǒng)。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.單選題

Althoughsomepeopleadvocateterrorists,loveofpeaceisthe（

）feelingofmanypeopletoday.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.dominant

B.predominant

C.paramount

D.preeminent

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。dominant意為“占優(yōu)勢(shì)的，占支配地位的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)權(quán)威；predominant意為“主要的，占主導(dǎo)地位的”，側(cè)重主要的，有優(yōu)勢(shì)的；paramount意為“最高的，至上的”；preeminent意為“卓越的，杰出的”。

句意：雖然有些人鼓吹恐怖分子，但熱愛(ài)和平是當(dāng)今很多人的主要態(tài)度。

4.單選題

Ifthedisputeisnotsettledina(n)_______waysoon,thetwocountrieswillcertainlygotowar.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.amiable

B.amicable

C.inimical

D.unfriendly

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)amiable“親切友好的”；B選項(xiàng)amicable“心平氣和的”；C選項(xiàng)inimical“對(duì)……有害的；敵意的”；D選項(xiàng)unfriendly“不友好的”。句意：如果爭(zhēng)端不盡快以_______的方式解決，這兩個(gè)國(guó)家肯定會(huì)開(kāi)戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指如果沒(méi)有妥善解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，就會(huì)引發(fā)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，amicable“心平氣和的”方式放在這里比較合適。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Whenthelawyeraskedhimhisreasonforthedivorceeherepliedthathecouldnolongerbearhercarping（

）himabouthisdrinkingtoomuch.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.on

B.to

C.at

D.for

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。carpatsb.“對(duì)某人挑剔”。句意：當(dāng)律師問(wèn)他離婚的原因時(shí)，他回答不能再忍受她挑剔他酗酒。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

6.單選題

Duringtheracesthereweretwoaccidentstomotor-cyclistsincludingone（）accident.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fatal

B.killing

C.deadly

D.deathly

【答案】A

【解析】近義詞辨析。fatal致命的，一般指不可避免的；killing殺害的；deadly指能致命或?qū)嶋H已致命的事物，也可指企圖使他人致死的人；deathly死一般的。句意：在比賽中摩托車手發(fā)生了兩起事故，包括一起致命事故。選項(xiàng)A正確。

7.單選題

Aterribletrafficaccidenthappened;peopleweresaddenedwhentheywatchedthe___sightonTV.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.panic

B.patriotic

C.pathetic

D.periodic

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)panic“恐慌的；沒(méi)有理由的”；B選項(xiàng)patriotic“愛(ài)國(guó)的”；C選項(xiàng)pathetic“可憐的，悲哀的；感傷的；乏味的”；D選項(xiàng)periodic“周期的；定期的”。句意：一場(chǎng)可怕的交通事故發(fā)生了；人們?cè)陔娨暽峡吹侥莀__情景時(shí)感到很悲傷。本句表達(dá)“看到可憐的場(chǎng)景感到悲傷”，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

8.翻譯題

Oneofthemostdifficultsituationsthataresearchercanencounteristoseeorsuspectthatacolleaguehasviolatedtheethicalstandardsoftheresearchcommunity.Itiseasytofindexcusestodonothing,butsomeonewhohaswitnessedmisconducthasanunmistakableobligationtoact.Atthemostimmediatelevel,misconductcanseriouslyobstructordamageone’sownresearchortheresearchofcolleagues.Morebroadly,evenasinglecaseofmisconductcanmalignscientistsandtheirinstitutions,resultintheimpositionofcounterproductiveregulations,andshakepublicconfidenceintheintegrityofscience.

【答案】看到或懷疑同事違反了研究界的倫理標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是研究人員可能遇到的最困難的情況之一。找個(gè)借口什么都不做很容易，但目睹了不當(dāng)行為的人，顯然有義務(wù)采取行動(dòng)。從最直接的層面來(lái)說(shuō)，不當(dāng)?shù)男袨榭赡車?yán)重阻礙甚至毀掉自己或同事的研究。從更廣泛的層面來(lái)說(shuō)，即使只是一個(gè)不當(dāng)?shù)男袨?，也可以損害科學(xué)家及其機(jī)構(gòu)聲譽(yù)，導(dǎo)致實(shí)施適得其反的規(guī)定，并且動(dòng)搖公眾對(duì)科學(xué)誠(chéng)信的信心。

9.單選題

Thetasteofthefoodwasso（）thatitwashardlynoticeable.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.superior

B.prime

C.topic

D.subtle

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。superior“優(yōu)秀的，出眾的”；prime“主要的，基本的”；topic“話題，主題”；subtle“微妙的，難以捉摸的”。根據(jù)后面的內(nèi)容“幾乎看不出來(lái)”，可知食物的味道是很微妙的，所以不易察覺(jué)。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

10.單選題

（

）forthetimelyinvestmentfromthegeneralpublic,ourcompanywouldnotbesothrivingasitis.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Haditnotbe

B.Wereitnot

C.Beitnot

D.Shoulditnot

【答案】B

【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。對(duì)現(xiàn)在事實(shí)進(jìn)行虛擬，從句：If+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)（be動(dòng)詞用were），主句：主語(yǔ)+should/would/might/could+do；當(dāng)虛擬條件句的謂語(yǔ)部分含有were,should,had時(shí)，可將連詞if省略，把were,should,had置于句首。從句中的Ifitwerenotforthetimelyinvestment=Wereitnotforthetimelyinvestment，因此選B。

句意：要不是廣大公眾的及時(shí)投資，我們公司不會(huì)像現(xiàn)在這樣興旺發(fā)達(dá)。

11.單選題

He（

）hisassistanttopickuptheplansfromtheoffice.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.dispose

B.dispensed

C.dispatched

D.dispersed

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞此詞義辨析。dispose“處理；安排”；dispense“分發(fā)；分發(fā)；免除；執(zhí)行”;dispatch“派遣；發(fā)送；分派”；disperse“分散；使散開(kāi)；傳播”。句意：他派助手去辦公室取方案。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

12.單選題

The（

）inJanet’scharacterhashinderedherfromadvancementinhercareer.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.weakness

B.merit

C.defect

D.shortcoming

【答案】C

【解析】考察名詞詞義辨析。weakness“弱點(diǎn)，嗜好”；merit“優(yōu)點(diǎn)，長(zhǎng)處”；defect“缺點(diǎn)，缺陷”；shortcoming“缺點(diǎn)，短處”。句意：Janet性格上的缺陷阻礙了她的事業(yè)上升。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

13.單選題

Themanoverthereis（

）ourprincipal.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.nootherbut

B.noonethan

C.nootherthan

D.oneotherthan

【答案】D

【解析】句意:那個(gè)男人正是我們的首長(zhǎng)。

考查短語(yǔ)辨析。nootherthan和noneotherthan都有“正是”的意思，但noneotherthan語(yǔ)氣更強(qiáng)，還表示“驚奇、贊美、強(qiáng)調(diào)等語(yǔ)氣”,故選D。

14.單選題

SomepeoplewouldliketodoshoppingonSundayssincetheyexpectto_______wonderfulbargainsinthemarket.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.pickup

B.bumpinto

C.pileup

D.bringback

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。pickup“買到，獲得”；bumpinto“無(wú)意中遇到，碰到”；pileup“積累，堆放起來(lái)”；bringback“拿回來(lái)”。句意：有些人喜歡在星期天購(gòu)物，因?yàn)樗麄兤诖I到市場(chǎng)上物美價(jià)廉的便宜貨。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

15.單選題

Aloneinadesertedhouse,hewassobusywithhisresearchworkthathefelt（）butlonely.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.nothing

B.anything

C.all

D.everything

【答案】B

【解析】不定代詞的用法。nothingbut只有，只不過(guò)；anythingbut根本不，絕不；allbut幾乎，差一點(diǎn)兒；沒(méi)有everythingbut的用法，排除。句意：他獨(dú)自一個(gè)人在一所廢棄的房子里，忙于研究工作，一點(diǎn)兒也不感到孤獨(dú)。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

16.單選題

Sofar,thegovernmentofthatcountryliasdone（）nothingtocombatthethreatofnuclearaccidents.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.perceptibly

B.vitally

C.practically

D.identically

【答案】C

【解析】句意:到目前為止，那個(gè)國(guó)家的政府事實(shí)上沒(méi)有做任何事情去應(yīng)對(duì)核事故脅。

考查副詞辨析。perceptibly顯然地，看得出地；vitally緊要地，生死攸關(guān)地；practically幾乎，事實(shí)上；identically同一地，相等地。因此C符合句意。

17.單選題

Itwasclearthatthegardenwasnomoreamateuraffair;ithadbeen（）professionally.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.laidout

B.laiddown

C.laidoff

D.laidaside

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定詞組搭配。A選項(xiàng)laidout表示“安排，陳列，花費(fèi)”；B選項(xiàng)laiddown表示“放下，主張，鋪設(shè)”；C選項(xiàng)laidoff表示“下崗，解雇”；D選項(xiàng)laidaside表示“擱置，儲(chǔ)存，留存”。it指代前文中的thegarden，而空缺處需填入動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞形式構(gòu)成被動(dòng)，由句意可知“（按計(jì)劃）安排；布局；陳列”最合適，因此本題正確答案為A?！揪湟狻亢茱@然，這個(gè)花園不再是業(yè)余者做的事情，而是經(jīng)過(guò)專業(yè)的布局。

18.單選題

Whenonehasgoodhealth,（

）shouldfeelfortunate.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.you

B.they

C.he

D.we

【答案】C

【解析】考察人稱代詞的用法。句意：當(dāng)一個(gè)人擁有健康時(shí)，他應(yīng)該感到幸運(yùn)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

19.寫作題

Directions:Forthispart,youarerequiredtowriteacompositioninabout200wordsunderthefollowingtitle.

EnvironmentalprotectionandSustainableDevelopment

【答案】EnvironmentalprotectionandSustainableDevelopment

Alongwiththeeconomicdevelopment,livingstandard’senhancement,theenvironmentquestionbecomesafocalpointwhichgraduallyattractspeople’sattention.InChina,thisproblemisratherdifferentbecauseofourheavypopulationandrapiddevelopment.Therefore,ourgovernmentputtheenvironmentalprotectionupasabasicstatepolicy.Andthen,Iwouldliketotalkabouttheenvironmentalprotectionofourcountry.

Inmyopinion,theprotectionofenvironmentisastep-by-stepprogress,weneedpatientandcare.Therearethewaysandsuggestionsofprotectingtheenvironment.Thefirstoneistomakeasynchronizationofthebuildandprotectofenvironment.Protecttheanimals,plants,forestsandwatertogetherinsteadofmerelydealwiththedamagedones.Thiscanmakeourenvironmentsustainableandprovidecontinuousrecourses.Secondly,improvepeople’senthusiasmofprotectingtheenvironment.People’ssenseofenvironmentalprotectionandtheirattendancearethemostimportantparts.Wecandomoreadvertisementsandletpeopleknowmoreaboutthis.Thirdly,makethelawsofthispartmorecomplete.Ifwewanttomakeadifferenceintheprotectionofenvironment,weneedthesupportoflaws,andtheycanbeourguarantee.

Weshouldknowtheimportanceofenvironmentalprotectionandkeepitclear.Itisinrelationshipwiththedevelopmentofoureconomic,theprogressofthesocietyandthehealthofpeople.Withtheresponsibilityofoursociety,weshoulddoitwellandmakeourenvironmentmorecleanandcomfortable.

20.單選題

Doyourememberallthoseyearswhenscientistsarguedthatsmokingwouldkillusbutthedoubtersinsistedthatwedidn’tknowforsure?Thattheevidencewasinconclusive,thescienceuncertain?Thattheantismokinglobbywasouttodestroyourwayoflifeandthegovernmentshouldstayoutoftheway?LotsofAmericansthoughtthatnonsense,andoverthreedecades,some10millionsmokerswenttoearlygraves.

Thereareupsettingparallelstoday,asscientistsinonewaveafteranothertrytoawakenustothegrowingthreatofglobalwarming.ThelatestwasapanelfromtheNationalAcademyofSciences,enlistedbytheWhiteHouse,totellusthattheEarth’satmosphereisdefinitelywarmingandthattheproblemislargelyman-made.Theclearmessageisthatweshouldgetmovingtoprotectourselves.ThepresidentoftheNationalAcademy,BruceAiberts,addedthiskeypointintheprefacetothepanel’sreport:“Scienceneverhasalltheanswers.Butsciencedoesprovideuswiththebestavailableguidetothefuture,anditiscriticalthatournationandtheworldbaseimportantpoliciesonthebestjudgmentsthatsciencecanprovideconcerningthefutureconsequencesofpresentactions.”

Justasonsmoking,voicesnowcomefrommanyquartersinsistingthatthescienceaboutglobalwarningisincomplete;thatit’sOKtokeeppouringfumesintotheairuntilweknowforsure.Thisisadangerousgame:bythe100percentoftheevidenceisin,itmaybetoolate.Withtherisksobviousandgrowing,aprudentpeoplewouldtakeoutaninsurancepolicynow.

Fortunately,theWhiteHouseisstartingtopayattention.Butit’sobviousthatamajorityofthepresident’sadvisersstilldon’ttakeglobalwarningseriously.Insteadofaplanofaction,theycontinuetopressformoreresearch—aclassiccaseof“paralysisbyanalysis”.

Toserveasresponsiblestewardsoftheplanet,wemustpressforwardondeeperatmosphericandoceanicresearch.Butresearchaloneisinadequate.IftheAdministrationwon’ttakethelegislativeinitiative,Congressshouldhelptobeginfashioningconservationmeasures.AbillbyDemocraticSenatorRobertByrdofWestVirginia,whichwouldofferfinancialincentivesforprivateindustry,isapromisingstart.Manyseethatthecountryisgettingreadytobuildlotsofnewpowerplantstomeetourenergyneeds.Ifweareevergoingtoprotecttheatmosphere,itiscrucialthatthosenewplantsbeenvironmentallysound.

51.Anargumentmadebysupportersofsmokingwasthat______.

52.AccordingtoBruceAiberts,sciencecanserveas______.

53.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“paralysisbyanalysis”(Lastline,paragraph4)?

54.Accordingtotheauthor,whatshouldtheAdministrationdoaboutglobalwarming?

55.Theauthorassociatestheissueofglobalwarningwiththatofsmokingbecause______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.therewasnoscientificevidenceofthecorrelationbetweensmokinganddeath

B.thenumberofearlydeathsofsmokersinthepastdecadeswasinsignificant

C.peoplehadthefreedomtochoosetheirownwayoflife

D.antismokingpeoplewereusuallytalkingnonsense

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.aprotector

B.ajudge

C.acritic

D.aguide

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Endlessstudieskillaction.

B.Carefulinvestigationrevealstruth.

C.Prudentplanninghindersprogress.

D.Extensiveresearchhelpsdecision-making.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Offeraidtobuildcleanerpowerplants.

B.Raisepublicawarenessofconservation.

C.Pressforfurtherscientificresearch.

D.Takesomelegislativemeasures.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.theybothsufferedfromthegovernment’snegligence

B.alessonfromthelatterisapplicabletotheformer

C.theoutcomeofthelatteraggravatestheformer

D.bothofthemhaveturnedfrombadtoworse

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】51.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“吸煙的支持者提出的論點(diǎn)是……”。第一段第三句提到Thattheantismokinglobbywasouttodestroyourwayoflife（反對(duì)吸煙的游說(shuō)將毀掉我們的生活方式）可以推斷，吸煙的支持者認(rèn)為他們有選擇自己生活方式的自由，因此C項(xiàng)“人們有自由選擇自己的生活方式”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“吸煙與死亡之間沒(méi)有相關(guān)的科學(xué)證據(jù)”，根據(jù)第一段第二句theevidencewasinconclusive（證據(jù)缺乏決定性）可知不是沒(méi)有相關(guān)證據(jù)，而是證據(jù)缺乏決定性，所以A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第一段第四句LotsofAmericansthoughtthatnonsense,andoverthreedecades,some10millionsmokerswenttoearlygraves（很多美國(guó)人認(rèn)為吸煙導(dǎo)致人死亡的說(shuō)法是胡說(shuō)，在過(guò)去的三十年間，大約1000萬(wàn)吸煙者早逝），可知有大約1000萬(wàn)吸煙者早逝這個(gè)數(shù)量并不是微不足道的，因此B項(xiàng)“過(guò)數(shù)十年中早逝的煙民數(shù)量微不足道”錯(cuò)誤；另外美國(guó)人是認(rèn)為吸煙導(dǎo)致人死亡的說(shuō)法是胡說(shuō)八道，而不是禁煙者胡說(shuō)，因此D項(xiàng)“禁煙者通常都是在胡說(shuō)八道”也不符合題意。故該題選C。

52.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“根據(jù)BruceAlberts，科學(xué)可以作為……”。根據(jù)第二段最后一句Butsciencedoesprovideuswiththebestavailableguidetothefuture（但是科學(xué)確實(shí)為我們提供了關(guān)于未來(lái)的最好指導(dǎo)）可知，科學(xué)可以作為指導(dǎo)，因此D項(xiàng)“指導(dǎo)”正確。A項(xiàng)“保護(hù)者”，B項(xiàng)“法官”及C項(xiàng)“批評(píng)家”都不符合。故該題選D。

53.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“作者在第四段最后一行說(shuō)‘分析導(dǎo)致的癱瘓’是什么意思？”。根據(jù)第四段第一行提到Butit’sobviousthatamajorityofthepresident’sadvisersstilldon’ttakeglobalwarmingseriously.Insteadofaplanofaction,theycontinuetopressformoreresearch—aclassiccaseof“paralysisbyanalysis.”（但很明顯，總統(tǒng)的大多數(shù)顧問(wèn)仍然沒(méi)有認(rèn)真對(duì)待全球變暖問(wèn)題。他們沒(méi)有制定行動(dòng)計(jì)劃，而是繼續(xù)推動(dòng)更多的研究——一個(gè)典型的“分析導(dǎo)致癱瘓”的案例）可知，“分析導(dǎo)致癱瘓”的意思是研究阻止了行動(dòng)的產(chǎn)生，因此A項(xiàng)“無(wú)休止的研究扼殺了行動(dòng)”符合題意。B項(xiàng)“仔細(xì)調(diào)查揭示真相”和C項(xiàng)“謹(jǐn)慎計(jì)劃阻礙進(jìn)步”沒(méi)有提到，D項(xiàng)“大量的研究有助于決策”，文中只是提到了更多的研究，沒(méi)有提到研究有助于決策，故該題選A正確。

54.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“根據(jù)作者的觀點(diǎn)，政府應(yīng)該如何應(yīng)對(duì)全球變暖？”。根據(jù)最后一段第三句IftheAdministrationwon’ttakethelegislativeinitiative,Congressshouldhelptobeginfashioningconservationmeasures.（如果政府不采取立法措施，國(guó)會(huì)應(yīng)該幫助制定保護(hù)措施）可知，在作者的觀點(diǎn)中，政府應(yīng)該采取立法措施，因此D項(xiàng)“采取一些立法措施”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“提供支持，建設(shè)清潔發(fā)電廠”和B項(xiàng)“提高公眾保護(hù)意識(shí)”都是政府的立法措施能夠做到的，因此包括在里面；C項(xiàng)“促進(jìn)更進(jìn)一步的科學(xué)研究”不是作者想要政府做的，前文提到研究扼殺了行動(dòng)，因此C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；故該題D項(xiàng)正確。

55.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“作者把全球變暖問(wèn)題和吸煙問(wèn)題聯(lián)系起來(lái)是因?yàn)椤?。作者在文章第一段講述科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為吸煙會(huì)致人死亡，而懷疑者們堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為證據(jù)缺乏決定性；第二段接著講述現(xiàn)在出現(xiàn)了類似的情況，即全球變暖的問(wèn)題，科學(xué)家們?cè)噲D讓我們意識(shí)到全球氣候變暖所帶來(lái)的日益嚴(yán)重的威脅與地球氣候變暖主要是人為造成的；第三段講述就如吸煙問(wèn)題一樣，來(lái)自不同領(lǐng)域的聲音堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為有關(guān)全球變暖的科學(xué)資料還不完整；由此我們可以推斷來(lái)自吸煙問(wèn)題的教訓(xùn)可以運(yùn)用到全球變暖的問(wèn)題上，因此B項(xiàng)“吸煙問(wèn)題的教訓(xùn)可以應(yīng)用于全球變暖的問(wèn)題上”符合題意。文中只是提到關(guān)于全球變暖的問(wèn)題政府一直采取研究，沒(méi)有提到吸煙問(wèn)題上政府的態(tài)度，因此A項(xiàng)“兩個(gè)問(wèn)題都受到了政府的疏忽”不符合題意；C項(xiàng)“吸煙的結(jié)果使全球變暖問(wèn)題惡化”，文章只是通過(guò)吸煙問(wèn)題引出全球變暖的話題，因此C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；D項(xiàng)“兩個(gè)問(wèn)題都變得越來(lái)越糟糕了”，文中的確講到兩個(gè)問(wèn)題的嚴(yán)重性，但是作者把兩個(gè)問(wèn)題聯(lián)系起來(lái)更多的目的還是通過(guò)吸煙的問(wèn)題引出全球變暖的主題，從而引出吸煙問(wèn)題的教訓(xùn)可以應(yīng)用到全球變暖的問(wèn)題上。故該題B項(xiàng)最符合題意。

21.單選題

Veryfewpeoplecouldunderstandthelecturetheprofessordeliveredbecauseitssubjectwasvery____.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.obscure

B.indefinite

C.dubious

D.intriguing

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.obscure費(fèi)解的；難以理解的B.indefinite無(wú)限期的；期限不定的

C.dubious可疑的；不可信的D.intriguing非常有趣的；引人入勝的

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】句意：很少有人能聽(tīng)懂教授的講座，因?yàn)樗闹黝}非常……。根據(jù)句意，由很少有人能夠聽(tīng)懂可知是因?yàn)榻淌诘闹黝}讓人難以理解。因此選A。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)均不符合句意。

【句意】很少有人能聽(tīng)懂這位教授的講座，因?yàn)樗闹黝}非常難懂。

22.單選題

Mary（）myletter;otherwiseshewouldhaverepliedbeforenow.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hasreceived

B.oughttohavereceived

C.couldn'thavereceived

D.shouldhavereceived

【答案】C

【解析】辨析題。句意：Mary不可能收到了我的信,

否則她早就回復(fù)我了。只有選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

23.翻譯題

Althoughourunderstandingoflearningisstillnotcomplete,agreatdealisknown.Learninghasmanydifferentformsandtakesplaceundermanyconditions.Ingeneral,itinvolvesachangeinbehavior.Whenachangeinbehaviortakesplaceasaresultoflearning,thechangeisusuallyalong-lastingone.Learningmaymeanthatanumberofsmallindependentactsarearrangedinaneworder.Thishappens,forexample,whenyoulearntoplayanewpieceonthepiano.

【答案】盡管我們對(duì)“學(xué)習(xí)”的理解不盡完善，然而我們對(duì)此已有不少了解?！皩W(xué)習(xí)”可以呈現(xiàn)不同的形式，也可以在許多情況下進(jìn)行。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，“學(xué)習(xí)”必然會(huì)引起行為的變化?！皩W(xué)習(xí)”導(dǎo)致人們行為發(fā)生變化時(shí)，這種變化常能持久?！皩W(xué)習(xí)”也許意味著對(duì)一系列細(xì)小而不相關(guān)的行為按新的順序重新排列。就好比你在鋼琴上學(xué)習(xí)彈奏一首新的曲子。

24.單選題

His（）directionsconfusedus;wedidnotknowwhichofthetworoadstotake.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ambiguous

B.complicated

C.arbitrary

D.intricate

【答案】A

【解析】句意:他模棱兩可的指示把我們弄糊涂了；我們不知道該走哪條路。

考查形容詞辨析。ambiguous引起歧義的；模糊的；complicated難懂的；復(fù)雜的；arbitrary任意的；武斷的；intricate復(fù)雜的；錯(cuò)綜的。由后半句句意可知A項(xiàng)正確。

25.單選題

WhydosomanyAmericansdistrustwhattheyreadintheirnewspapers?TheAmericanSocietyofNewspaperEditorsistryingtoanswerthispainfulquestion.Theorganizationisdeepintoalongself-analysisknownasthejournalismcredibilityproject.

Sadtosay,thisprojecthasturnedouttobemostlylow-levelfindingsaboutfactualerrorsandspellingandgrammarmistakes,combinedwithlotsofhead-scratchingpuzzlementaboutwhatintheworldthosereadersreallywant.

Butthesourcesofdistrustgowaydeeper.Mostjournalistslearntoseetheworldthroughasetofstandardpatternsintowhichtheyplugeachday’sevents.Inotherwords,thereisaconventionalstorylineinthenewsroomculturethatprovidesabackboneandaready-madenarrativestructureforotherwiseconfusingnews.

Thereexistsasocialandculturaldisconnectionbetweenjournalistsandtheirreaders,whichhelpsexplainwhythe“standardpatterns”ofthenewsroomseemalientomanyreaders.Inarecentsurvey,questionnairesweresenttoreportersinfivemiddle-sizedcitiesaroundthecountry,plusonelargemetropolitanarea.Thenresidentsinthesecommunitieswerephonedatrandomandaskedthesamequestions.

RepliesshowthatcomparedwithotherAmericans,journalistsaremorelikelytoliveinupscaleneighborhoods,havemaids,ownMercedeses(奔馳車),andtradestocks,andtheyarelesslikelytogotochurch,dovolunteerwork,orputdownrootsinacommunity.

Reporterstendtobepartofabroadlydefinedsocialandculturalelite,sotheirworktendstoreflecttheconventionalvaluesofthiselite.Theastonishingdistrustofthenewsmediaisn’trootedininaccuracyorpoorreportorialskillsbutinthedailyclashofworldviewsbetweenreportersandtheirreaders.

Thisisanexplosivesituationforanyindustry,particularlyadecliningone.Hereisatroubledbusinessthatkeepshiringemployeeswhoseattitudesvastlyannoythecustomers.Thenitsponsorslotsofsymposiums(討論會(huì))andacredibilityprojectdedicatedtowonderingwhycustomersareannoyedandfleeinginlargenumbers.Butitneverseemstogetaroundtonoticingtheculturalandclassbiasesthatsomanyformerbuyersarecomplainingabout.Ifitdid,itwouldopenupitsdiversityprogram,nowfocusednarrowlyonraceandgender,andlookforreporterswhodifferbroadlybyoutlook,values,education,andclass.

1.Thepassageismainlyabout______.

2.Theresultsofthejournalismcredibilityprojectturnedouttobe______.

3.Asforthesurvey,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

4.Thebasicproblemofjournalistsaspointedoutbythewriterliesintheir______.

5.Despiteitsefforts,thenewspaperindustrystillcannotsatisfythereadersowingtoits______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.needsofthereadersallovertheworld

B.causesofthepublicdisappointmentaboutnewspapers

C.originsofthedecliningnewspaperindustry

D.aimsofajournalismcredibilityproject

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.quitetrustworthy

B.somewhatcontradictory

C.veryfunning

D.rathersuperficial

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theresidentstobesurveyedaredecidedbeforehand.

B.Theresidentsin5citiesaresurveyed.

C.Thesurveyshowsthatreportersandtheirreaderssharethesamelifestyle.

D.Therepliesoftheresidentsshowthatchurchisprobablytheirhaunts.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.workingattitude

B.lackofreportingskills

C.worldoutlook

D.educationalbackground

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.failuretorealizeitsrealproblem

B.tendencytohireannoyingreporters

C.likelinesstodoinaccuratereporting

D.prejudiceinmattersofraceandgender

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章開(kāi)頭提出了為什么許多美國(guó)人不相信自己在報(bào)紙上讀到的內(nèi)容這個(gè)問(wèn)題，接著分析了造成公眾對(duì)報(bào)紙失望的根本性原因。因此B選項(xiàng)“公眾對(duì)報(bào)紙失望的原因”最能概括文章主旨。A選項(xiàng)“世界各地讀者的需求”，C選項(xiàng)“報(bào)業(yè)衰落的根源”，D選項(xiàng)“新聞業(yè)可信度項(xiàng)目的目標(biāo)”在文中均沒(méi)有提及，所以A,C,D錯(cuò)誤。

2.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段第一句Sadtosay,thisprojecthasturnedouttobemostlylow-levelfindingsaboutfactualerrorsandspellingandgrammarmistakes（遺憾的是，這次項(xiàng)目只獲得了一些膚淺的發(fā)現(xiàn)，諸如新聞報(bào)道中的事實(shí)錯(cuò)誤，拼寫或語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤），說(shuō)明可信度項(xiàng)目獲得的結(jié)果是低級(jí)、膚淺的。因此D選項(xiàng)“相當(dāng)膚淺”正確。A選項(xiàng)“非常值得信賴”，B選項(xiàng)“有點(diǎn)矛盾”，C選項(xiàng)“非常有趣”均不符合題意，所以A,B,C錯(cuò)誤。

3.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。A選項(xiàng)“被調(diào)查的居民是事先決定的”，由原文Thenresidentsinthesecommunitieswerephonedatrandomandaskedthesamequestions.（然后隨機(jī)地給這些城市的居民打電話，詢問(wèn)他們同樣的問(wèn)題。）可知，被調(diào)查的居民是隨機(jī)確定的，所以A錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“對(duì)5個(gè)城市的居民進(jìn)行調(diào)查”，由原文Inarecentsurvey,questionnairesweresenttoreportersinfivemiddle-sizedcitiesaroundthecountry,plusonelargemetropolitanarea.（在最近一次調(diào)查中，問(wèn)卷被送到了全國(guó)五座中等城市及一座大都市的記者手中。）可知，是對(duì)五個(gè)中等城市和一個(gè)大城市，共6個(gè)城市的居民進(jìn)行調(diào)查，所以B錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“調(diào)查顯示，記者和他們的讀者有著相同的生活方式”，由原文RepliesshowthatcomparedwithotherAmericans,journalistsaremorelikelytoliveinupscaleneighborhoods,havemaids,ownMercedeses,andtradestocks（人們的回答表明，與其他美國(guó)人相比，新聞?dòng)浾吒锌赡芫幼≡诟呒?jí)社區(qū)，有女傭，有奔馳車，炒股）可知，記者和普通讀者的生活方式不一樣，所以C錯(cuò)誤。由D選項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵詞“church”可以定位到文章第五段最后一句andtheyarelesslikelytogotochurch,dovolunteerwork,orputdownrootsinacommunity.（而記者去教堂，參加自愿服務(wù)，扎根某個(gè)社區(qū)的可能性卻很小。），說(shuō)明記者和普通讀者不一樣，很少去教堂，也就是說(shuō)普通居民可能會(huì)經(jīng)常去教堂。因此D選項(xiàng)“居民的回答表明，教堂很可能是他們的聚集地”正確。

4.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章倒數(shù)第二段第二句Theastonishingdistrustofthenewsmediaisn’trootedininaccuracyorpoorreportorialskillsbutinthedailyclashofworldviewsbetweenreportersandtheirreaders.（對(duì)新聞媒體的這種令人震驚的不信任的根源不在于報(bào)道失實(shí)或低下的報(bào)道技巧，而在于記者與讀者的世界觀每天都發(fā)生著碰撞。），說(shuō)明記者與讀者世界觀的沖突引起了人們對(duì)報(bào)紙的不信任，是基本問(wèn)題所在。因此C選項(xiàng)“世界觀”正確。A選項(xiàng)“工作態(tài)度”，B選項(xiàng)“缺乏報(bào)道技巧”，D選項(xiàng)“教育背景”都不是最基本的問(wèn)題，所以A,B,D錯(cuò)誤。

5.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章最后一段第四句Butitneverseemstogetaroundtonoticingtheculturalandclassbiasesthatsomanyformerbuyersarecomplainingabout.（但它似乎從來(lái)就沒(méi)有時(shí)間去注意那么多老顧客所抱怨的文化和階級(jí)偏見(jiàn)。），說(shuō)明盡管報(bào)紙行業(yè)做出了許多努力，但他們沒(méi)有意識(shí)到真正的問(wèn)題在于文化和階級(jí)偏見(jiàn)。因此A選項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有意識(shí)到其真正的問(wèn)題”正確。B選項(xiàng)“傾向于雇用令人討厭的記者”，C選項(xiàng)“傾向于做不準(zhǔn)確的報(bào)道”，D選項(xiàng)“在種族和性別問(wèn)題上的偏見(jiàn)”都不是根本的原因，所以B,C,D錯(cuò)誤。

26.單選題

Playsareanimportantformofentertainmentinmostcountries.TwokindsofdramauniquetoJapanareNohandKabuki.Musicisusedinbothtypesofdrama.Originally,menperformedbothmen'sandwomen'spartsinNohandKabukiplays.Butthesimilaritiesendthere.

Kabukicostumesarefancy,bright,andheavy.Realgoldisusedonthem.Ontheotherhand,Nohcostumesarequitesimple.Kabukistagesarehuge.Thestagesetsareelaborate.Nohstagesareonly18feet(5.4meters)square.Theonlysceneryusedisbackgroundwallwithatreepaintedonit.AscenechangeswhentheNohactorschangetheirplaces.Theaudiencemustusealotofimaginations.

Nohplaysstartedinthefourteenthcenturytoentertaintheupperclass.Theformoftheplayhasnotchangedmuchsincethattime.AllpartsofaNohplaymustfollowacertainsetofrules.ToapersonunfamiliarwithNohdrama,aNohactormaylookasifheissleepwalking.Theactionoftheplayisslow.Everymovementiscontrolled.Certainactionsstandforcertainthings.Forexample,afewstepsforwardmeantheendofajourney.AnimportantpartofaNohplayisthechorusthatchantsmuchofthestory.

Kabukiplaysweredevelopedintheseventeenthcenturyforthecommonpeople.Theatrewasthemainamusementofthemerchantsofthattime.Kabukiplaysgiveaclearpictureofthosemerchants'tastesandideas.Thecolorfulcostumesreflecttheirgaymoods.Theheroesareoftenwarriorswhoperformdaringfeats.Theplayerswearthickmakeup.Theyexaggeratetheirmovementsandfacialexpressionstocommunicatefeeling.

MusicisveryimportanttoKabukiplays,Kabukiactorssing,dance,andspeaktheirlineswhilethemusicisplayedinthebackground.Themusicmaysoundstrangeatfirst,butitmakestheactiononthestagemoreexciting.Musiciansplayinstrumentssuchasf