1、Iconic AttractionsUnit 2Period ThreeGrammarReview of past participles達(dá)標(biāo)檢測(cè) 當(dāng)堂檢測(cè) 基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)演練語法導(dǎo)學(xué) 感悟規(guī)律 重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)剖析內(nèi)容索引感知以下課文原句，補(bǔ)全方框下的小題1.Located to the south of the equator，below many other countries on the globe，its often informally referred to as “down under”.2. Im more interested in meeting people in Australi

2、a and experiencing their culture，food，and way of life.3.Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground，among which there is an amazing instrument called the didgeridoo.4.A skilled player can play for a long time without stopping to breathe.語法感知語 法 導(dǎo) 學(xué)感悟規(guī)律 重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)剖析5.I trie

3、d to learn how to play it，but after trying for hours，I was convinced that I could never make a musical sound with this instrument!6.Although the main cultural influence since 1788 has been Western culture，minority cultures have also played a part in shaping the unique Australian culture，with many of

4、 the new cultural influences contributed by immigrants.1.以上句子中，句1中為過去分詞短語作狀語，通常放于 。2.句2和句5中為過去分詞作 。3.句4中為單個(gè)的過去分詞作定語，常常放于被修飾名詞的 ；句3中為過去分詞短語作定語，常常放于被修飾名詞的 。4.句6中為過去分詞短語作 。句首表語前面后面賓語補(bǔ)足語一、過去分詞作定語1.意義：及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞作定語往往表示被動(dòng)和完成；不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞作定語不表示被動(dòng)，只表示完成。(1)表示被動(dòng)和完成a polluted river一條被污染的河流the watered flowers澆過水的

5、花(2)只表示完成，不表示被動(dòng)fallen leaves落葉the risen sun升起的太陽語法精析2.位置：?jiǎn)蝹€(gè)的過去分詞作定語時(shí)，通常放在被修飾詞的前面；過去分詞短語作定語時(shí)，通常放在被修飾詞的后面，其作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句。The student dressed in white is my daughter.The student who is dressed in white is my daughter.穿白色衣服的那個(gè)學(xué)生是我女兒。注意：過去分詞作定語和現(xiàn)在分詞作定語的區(qū)別：(1)語態(tài)不同：現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)；過去分詞表示被動(dòng)。The question discussed wa

6、s very important.討論過的那個(gè)問題很重要。The house standing at the corner of the street was built in 2016.矗立在街道角落的那所房子是2016年建的。(2)時(shí)間關(guān)系上不同：現(xiàn)在分詞表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行；過去分詞表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成。3.過去分詞(done)、現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)(being done)與動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)語態(tài)(to be done)作定語的區(qū)別意義形式語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)done被動(dòng)完成being done被動(dòng)進(jìn)行to be done被動(dòng)尚未發(fā)生The building built last year is our cla

7、ssroom building.去年建造的樓是我們的教學(xué)樓。The building being built now is our classroom building.現(xiàn)在正在建造的樓是我們的教學(xué)樓。The building to be built next month is our classroom building.下個(gè)月將要建造的樓是我們的教學(xué)樓。二、過去分詞作表語1.意義：用在系動(dòng)詞后面，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，表示主語所處的狀態(tài)。She looked disappointed.她看上去很失望。We were encouraged at the news.聽到這個(gè)消息我們很受鼓舞。2.過去分

8、詞作表語表示主語所處的狀態(tài)。這一結(jié)構(gòu)從形式上與被動(dòng)語態(tài)相同，但被動(dòng)語態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)主語所承受的動(dòng)作。試比較：3.感覺類及物動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞作表語的區(qū)別。英語中有很多與感覺有關(guān)的及物動(dòng)詞，其現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)意義，即“令人有某種感覺的”，多用來修飾物；其過去分詞含有被動(dòng)意義，即“人被引起某種感覺的”，多用來指人、人的聲音、笑容或表情等。常用的這類詞有：We were surprised at what he said at the meeting.我們對(duì)他在會(huì)上講的話很是驚訝。His words were discouraging，which made many people discourage

9、d.他的話令人泄氣，使得很多人灰心喪氣。三、過去分詞作狀語1.意義：過去分詞作狀語，修飾謂語動(dòng)詞，進(jìn)一步說明謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)，其邏輯主語通常就是句子的主語，且主語是過去分詞動(dòng)作的承受者。過去分詞作狀語時(shí)，可單獨(dú)使用，也可以在其前面加上適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞，可表示時(shí)間、原因、條件、伴隨、方式等。Greatly interested，I asked how he played these new works.因?yàn)榉浅８信d趣，我問他是如何演奏這些新作的。Given good health，I hope to finish the work this year.如果身體好，我希望今年完成這項(xiàng)工作。The s

10、cientist Tu Youyou came in，followed by her assistant.科學(xué)家屠呦呦進(jìn)來了，后面跟著她的助手。When seen from the top of the hill，the park looks more beautiful.從山頂往下看時(shí)，這座公園看起來更加漂亮。2.功能：過去分詞作狀語，在意義上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語從句。它可以表示時(shí)間、原因、條件、讓步、方式或伴隨等。(1)表示時(shí)間，可轉(zhuǎn)換為when，while或after等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。Accepted by the Party，he decided to devote his life t

11、o the cause of the Party.When he was accepted by the Party，he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party.入黨以后，他決定獻(xiàn)身于黨的事業(yè)。(2)表示原因，可轉(zhuǎn)換為as，since或because等引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句。Deeply moved by the story，the excited people stopped quarrelling with each other.Because they were deeply moved by the story，the e

12、xcited people stopped quarrelling with each other.激動(dòng)的人們被那個(gè)故事深深地打動(dòng)了，停止了爭(zhēng)吵。(3)表示條件，可轉(zhuǎn)換為if，once或unless等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。If heated，water can be turned into vapour.If it is heated，water can be turned into vapour.水如果被加熱，會(huì)變成水蒸氣。(4)表示讓步，可轉(zhuǎn)換為although，though或even if等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。Exhausted by the running，they went on ru

13、nning after the robber.Although they were exhausted by the running，they went on running after the robber.盡管已經(jīng)跑得筋疲力盡，他們還是繼續(xù)追趕那個(gè)搶匪。(5)表示方式或伴隨情況。作方式狀語，如有連詞as if，可轉(zhuǎn)換為as if引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句；若無連詞，則轉(zhuǎn)換為并列結(jié)構(gòu)。作伴隨狀語，一般轉(zhuǎn)換為并列結(jié)構(gòu)。The old man went into the room，supported by his wife.The old man was supported by his wife an

14、d went into the room.那個(gè)老人在妻子的攙扶下走進(jìn)了房間。3.連詞過去分詞：分詞作時(shí)間、條件或讓步狀語時(shí)，為了明確其意義有時(shí)可在分詞前加上when，while，if，once，unless，although等連詞。相當(dāng)于狀語從句的省略。If merely drawn on your imagination，the report will not be convincing.假若僅靠你的想象去寫，報(bào)告是不會(huì)有說服力的。注意：有些過去分詞來源于系表結(jié)構(gòu)，作狀語時(shí)不表示被動(dòng)而表示主動(dòng)。這樣的過去分詞及短語常見的有：lost(迷路)，seated(坐)，hidden(躲)，stati

15、oned(駐扎)，lost/absorbed in(沉溺于)，born(出身于)，dressed in(穿著)，tired of(厭煩)等。Lost/Absorbed in deep thought，he didnt hear the sound.因?yàn)橄萑氤了贾?，所以他沒聽到那個(gè)聲音。四、過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語1.意義：過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)，說明賓語的狀態(tài)或性質(zhì)，與賓語一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語，它前面的賓語就是其邏輯主語。作賓補(bǔ)的多是及物動(dòng)詞。(1)過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)表示被動(dòng)關(guān)系，其動(dòng)作先于謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作。(2)過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，過去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作一定和賓語有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。2.能夠接過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)的

16、動(dòng)詞有以下三類：(1)表示感覺或心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞。如：see，watch，observe，find，hear，feel，notice，think等。I heard the song sung in English.我聽到有人用英語唱過這首歌。He found his purse lost.他發(fā)現(xiàn)他的錢包丟了。(2)表示“致使”意義的動(dòng)詞。如：have，make，get，keep，leave等。Ill have my hair cut tomorrow.明天我要理發(fā)。He got his tooth pulled out yesterday.他昨天把牙拔了。Dont leave those thi

17、ngs undone.務(wù)必把那些事情做完。(3)表示“希望”“要求”意義的動(dòng)詞。如：like，order，want，wish，expect等，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“vt.賓語(to be) p.p.”。I would like this matter (to be) settled at once.我希望此事立刻得到解決。I wish my homework (to be) finished before five oclock.我希望在5點(diǎn)前完成我的作業(yè)。3.過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，要注意以下幾種情況：(1)使役動(dòng)詞have接過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)有兩種情況：過去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作由他人完成。He had his mo

18、ney stolen.他的錢被偷了。(被別人偷去了)過去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作由句中的主語所經(jīng)歷。He had his leg broken.他的腿斷了。(自己的經(jīng)歷)(2)過去分詞在原句中作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，如果原句變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)，那么過去分詞就在新句中作主補(bǔ)了。Almost no student is seen punished in this school.在這所學(xué)校，幾乎見不到學(xué)生被懲罰。返 回.單句語法填空達(dá) 標(biāo) 檢 測(cè)當(dāng)堂檢測(cè) 基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)演練1.Ordinary soap， (use) correctly，can deal with bacteria effectively.2.I need a ne

19、w passport so I will have to have my photograph (take).3.Jim has retired，but he still remembers the happy time (spend) with his students.4.Do you find yourself getting impatient or (annoy) with people over unimportant things? 5.To return to the problem of water pollution，Id like you to look at a stu

20、dy (conduct) in Australia in 2012.usedtakenspentannoyedconducted6.There were many people waiting at the bus stop，and some of them looked very anxious and (disappoint).7.Earth Day， (mark) on 22 April，is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection.(2019北京)8.Back fro

21、m his two-year medical service in Africa，Dr Lee was very happy to see his mother (take) good care of at home.9.I was the first Western TV reporter (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.10.Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially _(design) to help them succeed academically and persona