1、高級性能(xngnng)測試共八十七頁測試策略(cl)制定測試的基礎(chǔ)概念測試計劃測試流程包括哪些步驟測試要達到什么目的選擇什么協(xié)議進行測試如何編寫一個完整(wnzhng)的測試方案測試指標包括哪些內(nèi)容自動化負載壓力測試策略系統(tǒng)性能故障定位的四個關(guān)鍵點共八十七頁性能(xngnng)測試 系統(tǒng)的性能是一個很大的概念，覆蓋面非常廣泛，對一個軟件系統(tǒng)而言包括執(zhí)行效率、資源占用、穩(wěn)定性、安全性、兼容性、可擴展性、可靠性等等(dn dn)，我們這里重點討論的負載壓力是系統(tǒng)性能的一個重要方面。 性能測試用來保證產(chǎn)品發(fā)布后系統(tǒng)的性能滿足用戶需求。性能測試在軟件質(zhì)量保證中起重要作用。共八十七頁負載(fzi)測試

2、負載測試是確定在各種( zhn)工作負載下系統(tǒng)的性能，目標是測試當(dāng)負載逐漸增加時，系統(tǒng)組成部分的相應(yīng)輸出項，例如通過量、響應(yīng)時間、CPU負載、內(nèi)存使用等如何決定系統(tǒng)的性能，例如穩(wěn)定性和響應(yīng)等。負載測試通常描述一種特定類型的壓力測試，即增加用戶數(shù)量以對應(yīng)用程序進行壓力測試。共八十七頁壓力(yl)測試壓力測試通過確定一個系統(tǒng)(xtng)的瓶頸或者不能接收的性能點，來獲得系統(tǒng)(xtng)能提供的最大的服務(wù)級別的測試。通俗地講，壓力測試是為了發(fā)現(xiàn)在什么條件下您的應(yīng)用程序的性能會變得不可接受。共八十七頁負載(fzi)壓力測試負載壓力測試是性能測試的重要組成部分，負載壓力測試包括：并發(fā)(bngf)性能測試

3、（重點）疲勞強度測試大數(shù)據(jù)量測試共八十七頁負載壓力(yl)測試并發(fā)性能測試考察客戶端應(yīng)用的性能，測試的入口是客戶端并發(fā)性能測試的過程，是一個負載測試和壓力測試的過程。即逐漸增加并發(fā)虛擬用戶數(shù)負載，直到系統(tǒng)的瓶頸或者不能接收的性能點，通過(tnggu)綜合分析交易執(zhí)行指標、資源監(jiān)控指標等來確定系統(tǒng)并發(fā)性能的過程。并發(fā)性能測試是負載壓力測試中的重要內(nèi)容。共八十七頁負載壓力(yl)測試疲勞強度測試 通常是采用系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定運行情況下能夠支持的最大并發(fā)用戶數(shù)或 者日常運行用戶數(shù)，持續(xù)執(zhí)行一段時間業(yè)務(wù)，通過綜合分析交易執(zhí)行指標和資源監(jiān)控指標來確定系統(tǒng)處理最大工作量強度性能的過程。 疲勞強度測試案例制定的原則是

4、保證系統(tǒng)長期不間斷運行的業(yè)務(wù)量，并且(bngqi)應(yīng)該盡量去滿足該條件。共八十七頁負載(fzi)壓力測試大數(shù)據(jù)量測試：大數(shù)據(jù)量測試的兩種類型獨立的數(shù)據(jù)量測試針對某些系統(tǒng)存儲、傳輸、統(tǒng)計、查詢等業(yè)務(wù)進行大數(shù)據(jù)量測試綜合數(shù)據(jù)量測試和壓力性能測試、負載性能測試、并發(fā)性能測試、疲勞(plo)性能測試相結(jié)合的綜合測試方案共八十七頁測試計劃分析應(yīng)用程序定義測試目標計劃(jhu)方案實施檢查測試目標共八十七頁制定(zhdng)測試計劃的目的構(gòu)建能夠精確地模擬您的工作環(huán)境的測試方案。了解測試需要的資源。以可度量(dling)的指標定義測試成功條件。共八十七頁確定系統(tǒng)(xtng)組件客戶機、網(wǎng)絡(luò)(wnglu)、

5、中間件和服務(wù)器共八十七頁描述(mio sh)系統(tǒng)配置連接到系統(tǒng)(xtng)的用戶數(shù)應(yīng)用程序客戶端計算機的配臵情況（硬件、內(nèi)存、操作系統(tǒng)、軟件、開發(fā)工具等）使用的數(shù)據(jù)庫和Web 服務(wù)器的類型（硬件、數(shù)據(jù)庫類型、操作系統(tǒng)、文件服務(wù)器等）服務(wù)器與應(yīng)用程序客戶端之間的通信方式前端客戶端與后端服務(wù)器之間的中間件配臵和應(yīng)用程序服務(wù)器可能影響響應(yīng)時間的其他網(wǎng)絡(luò)組件（調(diào)制解調(diào)器等）共八十七頁分析使用(shyng)模型考慮哪些用戶使用(shyng)系統(tǒng)每種類型用戶的數(shù)量每個用戶的典型任務(wù)共八十七頁任務(wù)(rn wu)分布確定數(shù)據(jù)庫活動峰值期的發(fā)生時間負載(fzi)峰值期間的典型活動共八十七頁確定(qudng)系統(tǒng)

6、組件Two parts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat draw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Functional Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecommands while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定系統(tǒng)(xtng)組件Two parts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scri

7、ptthat draw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Functional Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecommands while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定(qudng)系統(tǒng)組件Two parts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat draw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Ration

8、al Functional Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecommands while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定系統(tǒng)(xtng)組件Two parts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat draw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Functional Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-dri

9、vecommands while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定(qudng)系統(tǒng)組件Two parts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat draw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Functional Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecommands while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定(qudng)系統(tǒng)組件

10、Two parts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat draw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Functional Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecommands while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定(qudng)系統(tǒng)組件Two parts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scrip

11、tthat draw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Functional Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecommands while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定系統(tǒng)(xtng)組件Two parts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat draw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational

12、 Functional Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecommands while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定系統(tǒng)(xtng)組件Two parts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat draw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Functional Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drive

13、commands while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定系統(tǒng)(xtng)組件Two parts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat draw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Functional Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecommands while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定(qudng)系統(tǒng)組件Two

14、 parts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat draw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Functional Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecommands while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定(qudng)系統(tǒng)組件Two parts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptth

15、at draw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Functional Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecommands while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定(qudng)系統(tǒng)組件Two parts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat draw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational F

16、unctional Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecommands while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定(qudng)系統(tǒng)組件Two parts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat draw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Functional Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivec

17、ommands while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定系統(tǒng)(xtng)組件Two parts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat draw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Functional Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecommands while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定(qudng)系統(tǒng)組件Two

18、parts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat draw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Functional Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecommands while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定(qudng)系統(tǒng)組件Two parts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scripttha

19、t draw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Functional Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecommands while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定(qudng)系統(tǒng)組件Two parts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat draw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Fu

20、nctional Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecommands while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定系統(tǒng)(xtng)組件Two parts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat draw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Functional Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecom

21、mands while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定系統(tǒng)(xtng)組件Two parts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat draw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Functional Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecommands while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定系統(tǒng)(xtng)組件Two par

22、ts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat draw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Functional Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecommands while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定(qudng)系統(tǒng)組件Two parts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat d

23、raw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Functional Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecommands while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定(qudng)系統(tǒng)組件Two parts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat draw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Funct

24、ional Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecommands while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定(qudng)系統(tǒng)組件Two parts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat draw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Functional Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecomma

25、nds while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定(qudng)系統(tǒng)組件Two parts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat draw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Functional Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecommands while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定(qudng)系統(tǒng)組件Two par

26、ts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat draw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Functional Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecommands while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定(qudng)系統(tǒng)組件Two parts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat d

27、raw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Functional Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecommands while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定系統(tǒng)(xtng)組件Two parts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat draw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Functi

28、onal Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecommands while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定系統(tǒng)(xtng)組件Two parts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat draw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Functional Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecommand

29、s while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定系統(tǒng)(xtng)組件Two parts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat draw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Functional Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecommands while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定系統(tǒng)(xtng)組件Two parts o

30、f a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat draw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Functional Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecommands while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定(qudng)系統(tǒng)組件Two parts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat draw

31、data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Functional Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecommands while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定系統(tǒng)(xtng)組件Two parts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat draw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Functional

32、 Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecommands while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定(qudng)系統(tǒng)組件Two parts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat draw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Functional Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecommands w

33、hile you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定(qudng)系統(tǒng)組件Two parts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat draw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Functional Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecommands while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定系統(tǒng)(xtng)組件Two parts of

34、a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat draw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Functional Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecommands while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定(qudng)系統(tǒng)組件Two parts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat draw da

35、ta from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Functional Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecommands while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定(qudng)系統(tǒng)組件Two parts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat draw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Functional

36、Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecommands while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定系統(tǒng)(xtng)組件Two parts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat draw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Functional Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecommands whi

37、le you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定(qudng)系統(tǒng)組件Two parts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat draw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Functional Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecommands while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定系統(tǒng)(xtng)組件Two parts of a

38、data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat draw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Functional Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecommands while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定(qudng)系統(tǒng)組件Two parts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat draw data

39、 from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Functional Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecommands while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定(qudng)系統(tǒng)組件Two parts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat draw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Functional Te

40、sterwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecommands while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定(qudng)系統(tǒng)組件Two parts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat draw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Functional Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecommands whil

41、e you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定系統(tǒng)(xtng)組件Two parts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat draw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Functional Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecommands while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定(qudng)系統(tǒng)組件Two parts of a d

42、ata-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat draw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Functional Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecommands while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定(qudng)系統(tǒng)組件Two parts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat draw data

43、from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Functional Testerwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecommands while you arerecording a script共八十七頁確定(qudng)系統(tǒng)組件Two parts of a data-driventest:DatapoolCommands in the scriptthat draw data from thedatapool (data-drivecommands)Rational Functional Tes

44、terwill create a datapool andinsert data-drivecommands while you arerecording a script共八十七頁Creating a Data-Driven Test in Rational Functional Tester共八十七頁Creating a Data-Driven Test in Rational Functional Tester (cont.)共八十七頁Changing a Verification Point Reference to the DatapoolYou can change a verif

45、ication point (VP) baseline from a literal value to a datapool referenceDuring playback, the VP references the datapool and uses variable data as a baseline for comparison共八十七頁Importing an External DatapoolRational Functional Tester enables you to import an external datapool and use it to drive a te

46、st script.You can import data from three sources:An external spreadsheet (.csv file)Another Functional Test datapoolAn existing IBM Rational TestManager datapoolHowever, keep these things in mind:The data must be imported into the same RationalFunctional Tester project as the scripts that will acces

47、s itSpreadsheet data must be saved as a .csv file before youimport itTo import data from a TestManager datapool, you must firstassociate the Rational Functional Tester project with theRational project that contains the datastore共八十七頁Importing Datapools共八十七頁Associating a Datapool with a Script You ca

48、n associate an imported datapool with oneor more test scripts共八十七頁Substituting Script Literals with Variable ReferencesUse the Datapool Literal Substitution wizard to find andreplace literal values in the script with datapool variables共八十七頁Exporting a Datapool Export a datapool to edit externally or

49、 to use in anotherRational Functional Tester project共八十七頁Running a Data-Driven TestWhen you play back the script, you set the datapool iteration count to a specific number or to iterate until finished共八十七頁Where Are We?Data-driven testingCreating data-driven tests in Functional TesterData-driven test

50、ing scenarios共八十七頁Rational Functional Tester Data-Driven TestingScenario 1 Create a datapool when recording a data-driven script within Rational Functional Tester, and then modify the datapool within Rational Functional Tester also.Scenario 2 Import an externally created datapool into RationalFuncti

51、onal Tester, and then associate it with a datadriven test script.Scenario 3 Create a datapool when recording a data-driven script within Rational Functional Tester. Export the datapool and edit it externally. Import the edited datapool to drive a test script.共八十七頁Creating a Data-Driven Test Script a

52、nd DatapoolTo record a data-driven script and create a datapool:1. Begin recording a script2. Insert data-driven commands into the script3. Edit data-driven commands4. Insert verification points and have them reference the datapool5. When you finish recording, edit the datapool6. When you play back

53、the test script, set the number of iterations共八十七頁Importing an External DatapoolTo import an external datapool and associate it with a test script:1. Import the external datapool into Rational Functional Tester2. Check that the datapool imported correctly3. Edit the datapool variable row to use mean

54、ingful variable names4. Associate the datapool with an existing script, or record a script and associate the datapool with it5. Edit verification points to reference variable data in the datapool6. Find and replace literal values in the script with variables7. Play back the script to test the datapo

55、ol共八十七頁Exporting, Editing, and Importing a DatapoolIn this round-trip scenario you:1. Record a data-driven test script with a datapool2. Export the datapool (.csv file)3. Edit the datapool in an external application4. Import the edited datapool into the project5. Associate the datapool with a new te

56、st script6. Add data-driven commands to the new test script7. Play back the script to test the datapool共八十七頁ReviewWhat are some of the limitations of hard-coded scripts?When might you use data-driven testing?What is a datapool? How do you create a data-driven test inRational Functional Tester?共八十七頁L

57、abs 7.1 through 7.3: Create Data-Driven TestsCreate a data-driven test while recording in Rational Functional TesterImport a datapool and associate it with a test scriptExport a datapool created in RationalFunctional Tester, edit it, import it, andassociate it with a new test script Play back data-driven tests, drawing data from datap