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高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1北京市房山區(qū)2024-2025學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試題第一部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),30分)第一節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,共15分)閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。TheincidenthappenednearWest140thStreetandSacramentoAvenueinCleveland.AnOhioteen,16-year-oldTylerSowden,waspraisedasalocalherofor___1___gettingafamilyoutofahousefire.Thefireoccurredatnoon,andTyler___2___actionuponhearingcriesforhelpfromtheburninghouse.Heimmediatelygrabbedaladderfromhishomeandplaceditagainsttheburningbuilding,andthen___3___awomanandhertwoyoungchildrentoasafeplace.Bythetimefirefightersarrived,thefamilyhadalreadybeen___4___.Theygotminorinjuriesbutweresoontreated.“Iwasn’tthinking,Ijusttooktheladderandran,”Tylerrecalled.Hefeltthathewasintherightplaceattherighttime.Tyler’sfather,MattStamber,expressedhis___5___whenheknewTyler’squickandselflessactions.HesaidTylerriskedhisown___6___tohelpothersandactedwithouthesitation.ManyalsowereimpressedbyhowTyleractedswiftlyanddecisivelyinthefaceofdanger.Earlierthatday,theOhioteenherohadbeenworkinginconstructionwithaladderandneverexpectedhewouldsoonusethoseskillstohelpsavelivesinsucha___7___moment.Hedidn’tfullyunderstandthe___8___ofhisactionsuntilthefamilyhehelpedaskedtomeethim.AlthoughalanguagebarrierexistedbetweenTylerandthefamily,hecouldfeeltheir___9___throughtheiremotions.Tylerrecalledhowthefatherhuggedhimseveraltimes,andtheemotionalmomentnearlybroughthimtotears.Tyler’sdeedsalsoimpressedthefirefighters.Theofficeremphasizedhowextraordinaryitwasforsomeonesoyoungtoactwithsuch_____10_____.1.A.nervously B.effortlessly C.generously D.fearlessly2.A.jumpedinto B.calledfor C.brokeoff D.waitedfor3.A.costumed B.carried C.assisted D.forced4.A.trapped B.rescued C.controlled D.served5.A.doubt B.patience C.annoyance D.pride6.A.safety B.career C.health D.freedom7.A.normal B.critical C.personal D.regular8.A.convenience B.efficiency C.significance D.perseverance9.A.gratitude B.trust C.relief D.desire10.A.confidence B.interest C.pressure D.courage【答案】1.D2.A3.C4.B5.D6.A7.B8.C9.A10.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文,主要講述在克利夫蘭西140街和薩克拉門托大道附近發(fā)生一起房屋火災(zāi),16歲的俄亥俄州少年泰勒?索登(TylerSowden)因勇敢地將一家人從著火房屋中救出,被贊為當(dāng)?shù)赜⑿邸!?題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:16歲的俄亥俄州少年泰勒·索登因無(wú)畏地將一家人從房屋火災(zāi)中救出,被贊為當(dāng)?shù)赜⑿邸.nervously緊張地;B.effortlessly毫不費(fèi)力地;C.generously慷慨地;D.fearlessly無(wú)畏地。根據(jù)下文“gettingafamilyoutofahousefire.”可知,在火災(zāi)中救人,體現(xiàn)泰勒的無(wú)畏,fearlessly符合語(yǔ)境,故選D項(xiàng)?!?題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:火災(zāi)發(fā)生在中午,泰勒聽到著火房屋傳來(lái)的呼救聲后立即行動(dòng)。A.jumpedinto立即行動(dòng);B.calledfor呼吁;C.brokeoff中斷;D.waitedfor等待。根據(jù)下文“Heimmediatelygrabbedaladder...”可知,泰勒聽到呼救聲后馬上行動(dòng),jumpintoaction“立即行動(dòng)”為固定搭配,jumpedinto符合語(yǔ)境,故選A項(xiàng)。【3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:他立即從家中拿起梯子,靠在著火的建筑物上,然后協(xié)助一名婦女和她的兩個(gè)年幼孩子到安全的地方。A.costumed給……穿衣;B.carried搬運(yùn);C.assisted協(xié)助;D.forced強(qiáng)迫。根據(jù)下文“awomanandhertwoyoungchildrentoasafeplace.”可知,泰勒幫助這家人到安全地帶,assisted符合語(yǔ)境,故選C項(xiàng)。【4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:當(dāng)消防員到達(dá)時(shí),這家人已經(jīng)獲救。A.trapped困??;B.rescued營(yíng)救;C.controlled控制;D.served服務(wù)。根據(jù)上文“asafeplace”可知,泰勒幫助家人到安全地帶可知,消防員到達(dá)時(shí)這家人已獲救,rescued符合語(yǔ)境,故選B項(xiàng)?!?題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:泰勒的父親馬特·斯坦伯(MattStamber)得知泰勒迅速且無(wú)私的行為后,表達(dá)了他的自豪。A.doubt懷疑;B.patience耐心;C.annoyance惱怒;D.pride自豪。根據(jù)下文“whenheknewTyler’squickandselflessactions.”可知,兒子勇敢救人,父親應(yīng)感到自豪,pride符合語(yǔ)境,故選D項(xiàng)?!?題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:他說(shuō)泰勒冒著自身的安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)去幫助他人,毫不猶豫地采取了行動(dòng)。A.safety安全;B.career職業(yè);C.health健康;D.freedom自由。在火災(zāi)中救人有生命危險(xiǎn),riskone'ssafety“冒著某人的安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”,safety符合語(yǔ)境,故選A項(xiàng)?!?題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:那天早些時(shí)候,這位俄亥俄州的少年英雄一直在用梯子進(jìn)行建筑工作,從未想到他很快會(huì)在如此危急的時(shí)刻運(yùn)用這些技能來(lái)拯救生命。A.normal正常的;B.critical危急的;C.personal個(gè)人的;D.regular有規(guī)律的。根據(jù)上文“Thefireoccurredatnoon”可知,火災(zāi)發(fā)生的時(shí)刻是危急時(shí)刻,critical符合語(yǔ)境,故選B項(xiàng)。【8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:直到他幫助的那家人要求見他,他才完全理解自己行為的意義。A.convenience便利;B.efficiency效率;C.significance意義;D.perseverance毅力。根據(jù)下文“untilthefamilyhehelpedaskedtomeethim.”可知,泰勒一開始沒意識(shí)到自己行為的意義,后來(lái)通過(guò)被救家庭的感激才明白,significance符合語(yǔ)境,故選C項(xiàng)?!?題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:盡管泰勒和這家人之間存在語(yǔ)言障礙,但他能通過(guò)他們的情緒感受到他們的感激之情。A.gratitude感激;B.trust信任;C.relief寬慰;D.desire欲望。根據(jù)下文“Tylerrecalledhowthefatherhuggedhimseveraltimes,andtheemotionalmomentnearlybroughthimtotears.”可知,被救家庭對(duì)泰勒應(yīng)是感激之情,gratitude符合語(yǔ)境,故選A項(xiàng)?!?0題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:這位警官?gòu)?qiáng)調(diào),對(duì)于如此年輕的人來(lái)說(shuō),能如此勇敢地行動(dòng)是多么非凡。A.confidence自信;B.interest興趣;C.pressure壓力;D.courage勇氣。根據(jù)上文“asalocalhero”可知,泰勒在火災(zāi)中勇敢救人,體現(xiàn)的是勇氣,courage符合語(yǔ)境,故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,共15分)A閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。AgonyAuntgaveBensomesuggestionsabout____11____(solve)thetroublewithhisbasketballteammates.ShefirstquotedanoldAmericansaying“Looselipssinkships,”explainingcarelesswordscouldcauseharm.Shealso____12____(advise)Bentoapologizetohisteammateanddiscusstrustissueswithhisfriend.Additionally,Benshouldreflectonhisreactionandconsultthecoachtoimproveteamwork.Thekeylessonforhimwastoavoidspeaking____13____(angry)andaddressproblemscalmlythroughproperchannels.【答案】11.solving12.advised13.angrily【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。本文主要講述了知心阿姨針對(duì)本與籃球隊(duì)隊(duì)友間的麻煩事給出的建議?!?1題詳析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:知心阿姨給本一些關(guān)于解決他和籃球隊(duì)隊(duì)友間麻煩的建議。about為介詞,后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ),solve的動(dòng)名詞形式為solving,故填solving?!?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意:她還建議本向他的隊(duì)友道歉,并和他的朋友討論信任問題。根據(jù)上下文可知,此處描述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情,應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí),advise的過(guò)去式為advised,故填advised?!?3題詳析】考查副詞。句意:對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)關(guān)鍵的一課是避免憤怒地說(shuō)話,通過(guò)適當(dāng)?shù)那览潇o地解決問題。此處修飾動(dòng)詞speaking,應(yīng)用副詞形式,angry的副詞為angrily,意為“憤怒地”,故填angrily。B閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。ShockedbyAfrica’swatercrisis,CanadianschoolboyRyandecidedtooffersomehelp.Heraisedfundsbydoingchoreslikewindow-cleaningandgardening,andfinallygotenoughmoney____14____thehelpofpeoplearoundhim.LaterhevisitedUganda,wherehesawacompletedwellandsomegratefulstudents.Thissuccessmotivatedhim____15____(establish)afoundationtohelpmorecommunitiesaccesscleanwater.Andmanypeoplewereinspired,givinghimtheirdonation.Uptonow,over800,000peoplein16countriesacrossAfrica____16____(aid)bythefoundation.【答案】14.with15.toestablish16.havebeenaided【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了加拿大男學(xué)生瑞安被非洲的水危機(jī)震驚后,決定提供幫助,通過(guò)籌集資金建立基金會(huì),為非洲多個(gè)國(guó)家的社區(qū)提供清潔用水的故事?!?4題詳析】考查介詞。句意:他通過(guò)做家務(wù),如擦窗戶和園藝來(lái)籌集資金,最后在他周圍人的幫助下得到了足夠的錢。withthehelpof是固定短語(yǔ),意為“在……的幫助下”。故填with?!?5題詳析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:這次成功激勵(lì)他建立了一個(gè)基金會(huì),幫助更多的社區(qū)獲得清潔用水。motivatesb.todosth.為固定搭配,意為“激勵(lì)某人做某事”,用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。故填toestablish?!?6題詳析】考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:到目前為止,該基金會(huì)已經(jīng)援助了非洲16個(gè)國(guó)家的80多萬(wàn)人。aid(援助)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,與主語(yǔ)“over800,000people”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,結(jié)合時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“Uptonow”可知,講述從過(guò)去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填havebeenaided。C閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。Somescientificexperimentsarecontributingtolaterscientific____17____(discovery)andinventions.In1752,BenjaminFranklinconductedafamousexperimenttotest____18____lightningwasreallyproducedbyelectricity.Duringastorm,heflewakitewithametalkey____19____(attach)byastring.Whenlightningstruckthekite,electricitytraveledthroughthestringtothekey.Touchingit,Franklinreceivedanelectricshock,____20____provedlightning’selectricalnature.【答案】17.discoveries18.whether/if19.attached20.which【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文介紹了本杰明·富蘭克林在1752年進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)著名科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)——通過(guò)放風(fēng)箏的實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了閃電是由電產(chǎn)生的這一性質(zhì)?!?7題詳析】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意:一些科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)為后來(lái)的科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)和發(fā)明做出了貢獻(xiàn)。and連接并列成分,inventions為復(fù)數(shù)形式,discovery“發(fā)現(xiàn)”是可數(shù)名詞,此處也應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式discoveries作賓語(yǔ),故填discoveries?!?8題詳析】考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意:1752年,本杰明·富蘭克林進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)著名的實(shí)驗(yàn),以測(cè)試閃電是否真的是由電產(chǎn)生的?!癬_______lightningwasreallyproducedbyelectricity”作test的賓語(yǔ),是賓語(yǔ)從句,從句不缺少成分,根據(jù)語(yǔ)境,此處表示“是否”,所以用whether或if引導(dǎo),故填whether/if?!?9題詳析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:在一場(chǎng)暴風(fēng)雨中,他放了一只系著金屬鑰匙的風(fēng)箏。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞flew,此處應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,ametalkey與attach之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,即“金屬鑰匙被系著”,所以用過(guò)去分詞attached作后置定語(yǔ),故填attached。【20題詳析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意:富蘭克林觸摸鑰匙時(shí)受到了電擊,這證明了閃電的電性質(zhì)。“________provedlightning’selectricalnature”為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞為前面整個(gè)句子“Touchingit,Franklinreceivedanelectricshock”,在從句中作主語(yǔ),所以用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo),故填which。第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分,共28分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheCarlowAutumnWalkingFestivalisagreatopportunityforthebeginner,experiencedoradvancedwalkertoenjoythechallengesofCarlow’smountainhikesorthepeaceofitswoodlandwalks.Areyouinterested?Herearefourwalksandfindoutwhichonesuitsyoubest!MoonlightUndertheStarsWalkingatnight-timeisagreatchallengetostepoutofyourcomfortzone.BreathtakingviewsofthelowlandsofCarlowcanbeenjoyedinthepresenceofexperiencedguidesfromlocalwalkingclubs.Atorch(手電筒)alongwithsuitableclothingisessentialforwalkinginthedark.Thosewhoaredressedinappropriatelywillberefusedpermissiontoparticipate.·DateandTime:Saturday,October1st,at19:30·StartPoint:TheTownHall·WalkDuration:3hoursTheNaturalWorldWalkWithenvironmentalistéannaLamhnaasanexperiencedguide,thiswalkpromisestobeaninformativetour.WalkersaresuretolearnlotsaboutthehabitatsandnaturalworldoftheBlackstairs.·DateandTime:Saturday,October1st,at09:00·StartPoint:ScratoesBridge·WalkDuration:6hoursTheHillwalkinginDeerparkEmmanuelChappard,anexperiencedguide,hasapassionformakingthegreatoutdoorsaccessibletoall.Thismountainwalkprovidesaninsightintotheskillsrequiredforhillwalkingtoensureyougetthemostfromfuturewalkingtrips.·DateandTime:Sunday,October2nd,at09:00·StartPoint:DeerparkCarPark·WalkDuration:5hoursPhotographicWalkinKilbrannishForestThisinformativewalk,ledbyRichardSmyth,whohasmanyyearsofexperienceasatourguide,willintroduceyoutothebasicprinciplesofphotographyinthewild.Bringalongyourcameraandenjoythewonderfulviewsalongthiswell-surfacedforestpath.·DateandTime:Sunday,October2nd,at11:45·StartPoint:KilbrannishForestRecreationArea·WalkDuration:1.5hours21.ForthewalkofMoonlightUndertheStars,participantsneedto______.A.gathertogetherattheScratoesBridgeonOctober1stB.beadvancedwalkersandenjoythechallengesC.getthepermissionfromlocalwalkingclubsD.bringtorchesandwearsuitableclothes22.Whatdothefourwalkshaveincommon?A.Theyallrequirespecialphotographyequipment. B.Theyalllastformorethanthreehours.C.Theyalltakeplaceinwoodlandareas. D.Theyallprovideexperiencedguides.23.Thepassageiswrittento______.A.attractpeopletoparticipateinthefestival B.encouragepeopletoprotecttheenvironmentC.comparethefeaturesofvariouswalkingactivities D.informthechallengesofCarlow’smountainhikes【答案】21.D22.D23.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了卡洛秋季徒步節(jié)的四條徒步路線。【21題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MoonlightUndertheStars部分中“Atorch(手電筒)alongwithsuitableclothingisessentialforwalkinginthedark.Thosewhoaredressedinappropriatelywillberefusedpermissiontoparticipate.(在黑暗中行走,必須攜帶手電筒和穿著合適的衣服。穿著不當(dāng)者將被拒絕參加)”可知,“MoonlightUndertheStars”的參與者需要攜帶手電筒并穿著合適的衣服。故選D項(xiàng)。【22題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MoonlightUndertheStars部分中“BreathtakingviewsofthelowlandsofCarlowcanbeenjoyedinthepresenceofexperiencedguidesfromlocalwalkingclubs.(在當(dāng)?shù)赝讲骄銟凡拷?jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的導(dǎo)游的帶領(lǐng)下,你可以欣賞到卡洛低地令人嘆為觀止的景色)”;TheNaturalWorldWalk部分中“WithenvironmentalistéannaLamhnaasanexperiencedguide,thiswalkpromisestobeaninformativetour.(由環(huán)保主義者éannaLamhna擔(dān)任經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的向?qū)В@次徒步旅行將是一次增長(zhǎng)見識(shí)的旅行)”;TheHillwalkinginDeerpark部分中“EmmanuelChappard,anexperiencedguide,hasapassionformakingthegreatoutdoorsaccessibletoall.(EmmanuelChappard是一位經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的向?qū)В麩嶂杂谧屆總€(gè)人都能接觸到大自然)”以及PhotographicWalkinKilbrannishForest部分中“Thisinformativewalk,ledbyRichardSmyth,whohasmanyyearsofexperienceasatourguide,willintroduceyoutothebasicprinciplesofphotographyinthewild.(這次信息豐富的徒步旅行由擁有多年導(dǎo)游經(jīng)驗(yàn)的RichardSmyth帶領(lǐng),他將向您介紹野外攝影的基本原則)”可知,這四條徒步路線的共同點(diǎn)是它們都提供有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的向?qū)?。故選D項(xiàng)。【23題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“TheCarlowAutumnWalkingFestivalisagreatopportunityforthebeginner,experiencedoradvancedwalkertoenjoythechallengesofCarlow’smountainhikesorthepeaceofitswoodlandwalks.Areyouinterested?Herearefourwalksandfindoutwhichonesuitsyoubest!(卡洛秋季徒步節(jié)是初學(xué)者、有經(jīng)驗(yàn)或高級(jí)徒步者享受卡洛山地徒步挑戰(zhàn)或森林徒步寧?kù)o的絕佳機(jī)會(huì)。你感興趣嗎?這里有四個(gè)徒步路線,看看哪一個(gè)最適合你!)”以及下文對(duì)四條徒步路線的具體介紹可推知,本文的目的是吸引人們參加徒步節(jié)。故選A項(xiàng)。BI’mLora,an18-year-oldwhosecretlydrewbraindiagramsonpaperwhileclassmatesdrewcartoons.However,“Artfeedsthesoulbutstarvesthebody,”Momalwayssaid.Herwordskeptcomingtomymindandpreventedmefrommakingadecision.Thewatercolorbrushesandthepre-medicalapplicationformonmydeskseemedtogazeatmetogether.Thencametheschoolcareerfairthatchangedeverything.Dr.EleanorWhitmanfromHarvardaskedustolistour“hiddenskills”.MyhandshookasIwrote“observingdetails”,somethingI’dlearnedfrompaintingflowers.“That’smedicalresearch’smostneededskill!”shesaid,sharinghowastudentturnedsciencenotesintotextbookillustrations.Forthefirsttime,Irealizedthatmytwoworldsdidn’tfeelsoseparate.Therealsurprisecameduringhospitalvolunteering.Watchingsurgeries,Inoticedsomething—thesteadyhandsofdoctorsremindedmeofmybrushwork.Whenaboycouldn’texplainhispain,Idrewafire-breathingdragononhiscast(石膏).“Youmademedicinespeak,”thenursesaid.Slowly,mydrawingpadswerefilledwithcellsthatlookedlikecolored-glassartandX-raysarrangedlikeabstractpaintings.Mr.Dawson,ourcareercounselor,helpedmeseetheconnection.Onhiswhiteboard,mymedicalknowledgeandartskillsoverlappedinabrightyellowcirclelabeled“MedicalIllustration”.HeshowedmejoblistingsIneverknewabout—peoplewhodrawpicturesforscienceappsor3Dmodelsofbodypartsfordoctorstostudy.“Your‘impractical’skillmakesyoustandout,”hesaid,pointingtomydragondrawingnowusedinpainmanagementworkshops.Fromthatdayon,IhadtheanswerinmyheartaboutwhatIshouldbeinthefuture.Today,mymicroscopeandpaintbrushessharethesamedesk.Thesamehandsthatoncehesitatedbetweenthemnowcreate3Dmodelsofvirusesformedicaleducation.SometimesIteachyoungpatientstodrawtheirfeelingsinsteadofdescribingthem.Mystoryisn’taboutachoicebetweenyourheartorreality—it’sabouthowtwopassionscanworktogethertomakenewpossibilities.24.Loramother’swords______.A.stoppedLorafrommakingalivingasanartist. B.hadabadimpactonLora’sclassperformance.C.madeLorahesitatebetweenartandmedicine. D.inspiredLoratochoosemedicalillustration.25.Dr.EleanorWhitmanhelpedLorarealize______.A.hiddenskillswerehardtodevelopfrompainting.B.medicalillustrationrequiredscientificknowledge.C.herflowerpaintingscouldbetextbookillustrations.D.herart-relatedskillscouldbeusefulinmedicalresearch.26.WhatledLoratomakeadecisiononjobchoice?A.Thenurse’spraise. B.Hermother’swarning.C.Theboypatient’sneeds. D.Mr.Dawson’sintroduction.27.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Opportunitiesfavortheprepared. B.Followthebeatentracktosuccess.C.Combiningtalentscreatesnewchances. D.Neverplaceallyoureggsinonebasket.【答案】24.C25.D26.D27.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文,本文講述Lora在藝術(shù)與醫(yī)學(xué)間糾結(jié),媽媽的話使她難以抉擇。學(xué)校職業(yè)招聘會(huì)及醫(yī)院志愿服務(wù)讓她發(fā)現(xiàn)兩者聯(lián)系,最后職業(yè)顧問道森先生點(diǎn)明醫(yī)學(xué)插畫領(lǐng)域?qū)⑺膬煞N技能結(jié)合,讓她明確方向,體現(xiàn)出結(jié)合才能可創(chuàng)造新機(jī)會(huì)?!?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Artfeedsthesoulbutstarvesthebody,”Momalwayssaid.Herwordskeptcomingtomymindandpreventedmefrommakingadecision.Thewatercolorbrushesandthepre-medicalapplicationformonmydeskseemedtogazeatmetogether.(媽媽總是說(shuō):“藝術(shù)滋養(yǎng)靈魂卻難以維持生計(jì)”她的話不斷在我腦海中浮現(xiàn),讓我無(wú)法做決定。我桌上的水彩畫筆和醫(yī)學(xué)預(yù)科申請(qǐng)表仿佛一起注視著我)”可知,洛拉媽媽的話讓她在藝術(shù)和醫(yī)學(xué)之間猶豫不決。故選C項(xiàng)?!?5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Dr.EleanorWhitmanfromHarvardaskedustolistour“hiddenskills”.MyhandshookasIwrote“observingdetails”,somethingI’dlearnedfrompaintingflowers.“That’smedicalresearch’smostneededskill!”shesaid,sharinghowastudentturnedsciencenotesintotextbookillustrations.Forthefirsttime,Irealizedthatmytwoworldsdidn’tfeelsoseparate.(來(lái)自哈佛的埃莉諾·惠特曼博士讓我們列出自己的“隱藏技能”。我顫抖著手寫下“觀察細(xì)節(jié)”,這是我從畫花中學(xué)到的。她說(shuō):“這是醫(yī)學(xué)研究最需要的技能!”她還分享了一個(gè)學(xué)生如何將科學(xué)筆記變成教科書插圖。我第一次意識(shí)到,我這兩個(gè)世界似乎沒那么涇渭分明了)”可知,埃莉諾·惠特曼博士幫助洛拉意識(shí)到她與藝術(shù)相關(guān)的技能在醫(yī)學(xué)研究中可能有用。故選D項(xiàng)。【26題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Mr.Dawson,ourcareercounselor,helpedmeseetheconnection.Onhiswhiteboard,mymedicalknowledgeandartskillsoverlappedinabrightyellowcirclelabeled“MedicalIllustration”.HeshowedmejoblistingsIneverknewabout—peoplewhodrawpicturesforscienceappsor3Dmodelsofbodypartsfordoctorstostudy.“Your‘impractical’skillmakesyoustandout,”hesaid,pointingtomydragondrawingnowusedinpainmanagementworkshops.Fromthatdayon,IhadtheanswerinmyheartaboutwhatIshouldbeinthefuture.(我們的職業(yè)顧問道森先生幫助我看到了其中的聯(lián)系。在他的白板上,我的醫(yī)學(xué)知識(shí)和藝術(shù)技能在一個(gè)標(biāo)有“醫(yī)學(xué)插畫”的亮黃色圓圈中重疊。他給我看了一些我從未知曉的工作崗位——為科學(xué)應(yīng)用程序繪圖或?yàn)獒t(yī)生繪制身體部位3D模型以供研究的人。他指著我現(xiàn)在用于疼痛管理研討會(huì)的龍的畫作說(shuō):“你看似‘不實(shí)用’的技能讓你脫穎而出”從那天起,我心中就有了關(guān)于未來(lái)該從事什么職業(yè)的答案)”可知,是道森先生的介紹讓洛拉在職業(yè)選擇上做出了決定。故選D項(xiàng)?!?7題詳析】推理判斷題。文章圍繞洛拉在藝術(shù)與醫(yī)學(xué)之間的抉擇展開,起初她因媽媽的話在兩者間猶豫不決。在經(jīng)歷學(xué)校職業(yè)招聘會(huì)、醫(yī)院志愿服務(wù)等事件后,她發(fā)現(xiàn)藝術(shù)技能如觀察細(xì)節(jié)、繪畫能力等能與醫(yī)學(xué)研究、醫(yī)療工作產(chǎn)生聯(lián)系。最后職業(yè)顧問道森先生指出醫(yī)學(xué)插畫領(lǐng)域?qū)⑺尼t(yī)學(xué)知識(shí)和藝術(shù)技能相結(jié)合,使她明確未來(lái)方向,創(chuàng)造了新的可能性。這表明將不同的才能結(jié)合起來(lái),能夠開創(chuàng)出全新的機(jī)會(huì)。故選C項(xiàng)。CThere’sareasonforthephrase“theeyesarethewindowtothesoul.”Youdon’thavetobeapsychologisttoknowthattheeyescommunicatealotofinformation.Andarecentstudyrevealshowhumansusetheireyestocommunicatewithoutwords.Inthefuture,thislineofresearchcouldleadtoabetterunderstandingofhowpeoplewithconditionsthataffectsocialskills.“Wetrytofindthereasonforwhyourbrainengageswithsocialinformationdifferently,”saidRistic,aprofessorofpsychologyatMcGillUniversityinCanadaandtheseniorauthorofthestudy,whichwaspublishedonlineinSeptember.Intheresearch,Risticandhercolleagueswereinterestedinunderstandingwhetherpeoplerespondtointentionaleyemovementsdifferentlythantheydotounintentionaleyemovements.First,theyrecordedpeoplesittinginfrontofascreenandmovingtheireyesinresponsetoprompts(提示詞)onthatscreen.Forinstance,theindividualsweresometimespromptedtomovetheireyesleftorright—theirchoice—andothertimes,theywereclearlydirectedtolookonewayortheother.Next,theresearchersinvitedabout80participantstowatchtheserecordings,whichwerecutjustbeforethepeopleinthevideoactuallymovedtheireyes.Ineachvideoclip,theparticipantswereaskedtopredictwhichwayeachpersonwouldglance:leftorright.“Theywerefastertomakethesedecisionswhenthelookswereintentional,”Risticsaid.Thisdifferenceinpredictionspeedwasamatterofafewmilliseconds,butitrevealedthatpeopleprocessintentionalandunintentionalstaresdifferently.Theresearchersanalyzedtheirvideorecordingstofigureoutwhatparticipantsmightbeseeingthatwouldhelpthemmorequicklypredicteyemotionbeforeapersonintentionallyshiftedtheirstare.Tothenakedeye,itdidn’tlookliketherecordedindividualsweremovingatall.Butinacloseanalysis,theresearchersfoundthattherewasmoremotionaroundtheeyeareabeforesomeonechosetomovetheirstareversuswhentheyweretoldwhichwaytolook.Thesetinymovementsmighthavebeena“tell”.“Weguessbasedonthisthattheseverysubtlemotionsignalsarecommunicatedveryquicklytoindicateintentionallytoothersandthatoursystemastheobserverisverysensitivetothat,”Risticsaid.Thenextstepintheresearchwillbetousemorepreciseeye-trackingtechniquestounderstandthesesubtlesignals.Theteamplanstoconductfollow-upstudieswithparticipantswhohaveaconditionthataffectssocialskills,suchasautism(自閉癥).Intheseneurodevelopmentaldisorders,peoplemaystruggletonoticeandinterpretsocialsignals.“Thisisoneofthekeyquestionsintheautismworld,”Risticsaid.“Whereisthesystemworkingdifferently,andinwhichaspects?”28.WhydidRisticconductthestudy?A.Toprovethattheeyesarethewindowtothesoul.B.Tofindoutwhypeoplecanknowintentionsfromstares.C.Toexplorewhybrainshandlesocialinformationindifferentways.D.Toconfirmthateyesaremoresensitiveinthecommunicationsystem.29.AccordingtoParagraph6,whatmightthetinymovementshavetold?A.People’sintentionalstares. B.People’svideorecordings.C.People’ssocialconditions. D.People’snakedeyes.30.Accordingtothepassage,thestudymay______.A.helpunderstandsocialchallengesinautism. B.improvecommunicationefficiency.C.findsignsofsocialskilldisorders. D.perfecteye-trackingtechniques.【答案】28.C29.A30.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了加拿大麥吉爾大學(xué)心理學(xué)教授Ristic主導(dǎo)的一項(xiàng)研究。該研究旨在探索大腦處理社會(huì)信息方式不同的原因,通過(guò)對(duì)比人們對(duì)有意和無(wú)意眼球運(yùn)動(dòng)的反應(yīng)發(fā)現(xiàn),人們預(yù)測(cè)有意注視的速度更快,且有意注視前眼部區(qū)域的微小運(yùn)動(dòng)可作為信號(hào)。后續(xù)研究將采用更精確眼動(dòng)追蹤技術(shù),針對(duì)自閉癥等影響社交技能的病癥展開,有望助力理解此類病癥中的社交挑戰(zhàn)?!?8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Wetrytofindthereasonforwhyourbrainengageswithsocialinformationdifferently,”saidRistic,(里斯蒂奇說(shuō):“我們?cè)噲D找出我們的大腦以不同方式處理社會(huì)信息的原因”)”可知,里斯蒂奇進(jìn)行這項(xiàng)研究是為了探索為什么大腦以不同方式處理社會(huì)信息。故選C項(xiàng)?!?9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“Theresearchersanalyzedtheirvideorecordingstofigureoutwhatparticipantsmightbeseeingthatwouldhelpthemmorequicklypredicteyemotionbeforeapersonintentionallyshiftedtheirstare.Tothenakedeye,itdidn’tlookliketherecordedindividualsweremovingatall.Butinacloseanalysis,theresearchersfoundthattherewasmoremotionaroundtheeyeareabeforesomeonechosetomovetheirstareversuswhentheyweretoldwhichwaytolook.Thesetinymovementsmighthavebeena“tell”.(研究人員分析了他們的視頻記錄,試圖弄清楚參與者可能看到了什么,使得他們能在他人有意轉(zhuǎn)移視線之前,更快地預(yù)測(cè)其眼部動(dòng)作。肉眼看上去,被記錄的人似乎根本沒有動(dòng)。但經(jīng)過(guò)仔細(xì)分析,研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn),與被指示看向某個(gè)方向相比,當(dāng)人們自主選擇轉(zhuǎn)移視線之前,其眼部周圍的動(dòng)作更多。這些微小動(dòng)作可能就是一種“信號(hào)”。)”以及第七段“ “Weguessbasedonthisthattheseverysubtlemotionsignalsarecommunicatedveryquicklytoindicateintentionallytoothersandthatoursystemastheobserverisverysensitivetothat,”Risticsaid.”(里斯蒂奇說(shuō):“基于此,我們猜測(cè)這些非常微妙的運(yùn)動(dòng)信號(hào)會(huì)非常迅速地傳達(dá)出去,有意地向他人表明,而我們作為觀察者的系統(tǒng)對(duì)此非常敏感。”)”可知,這些微小的運(yùn)動(dòng)可能表明人們的有意注視。故選A項(xiàng)?!?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Theteamplanstoconductfollow-upstudieswithparticipantswhohaveaconditionthataffectssocialskills,suchasautism(自閉癥).Intheseneurodevelopmentaldisorders,peoplemaystruggletonoticeandinterpretsocialsignals.“Thisisoneofthekeyquestionsintheautismworld,”Risticsaid.“Whereisthesystemworkingdifferently,andinwhichaspects?”(研究團(tuán)隊(duì)計(jì)劃針對(duì)患有影響社交技能病癥(比如自閉癥)的參與者開展后續(xù)研究。在這些神經(jīng)發(fā)育障礙疾病中,患者可能難以察覺和解讀社交信號(hào)?!斑@是自閉癥領(lǐng)域的關(guān)鍵問題之一,”里斯蒂奇說(shuō)道,“該系統(tǒng)在哪些方面運(yùn)作不同,又是在哪些環(huán)節(jié)出現(xiàn)差異呢?”)”可知,這項(xiàng)研究可能有助于理解自閉癥中的社交挑戰(zhàn)。故選A項(xiàng)。D“Womanreadingbook,underanightsky,dreamyatmosphere.”ItypeintoDeepDreamGenerator’sText2Dreamfeature.Inlessthanaminute,animageisreturnedtomeshowingwhatI’vedescribed.WelcometotheworldofAIimagegeneration(生成),whereyoucancreatewhatonthesurfacelooksliketop-rankartworkusingjustafewtextprompts.Butcloserexaminationshowsstrangeness.Thefaceofthewomaninmyimagehasverystrangefeatures,andappearstobeholdingvariousbooks.And,whileIdidfeelexcitedatseeinganimageappear,Ididn’thaveanycreativesatisfaction.AIimagegenerationcouldimpacteverythingfromfilmtographicnovelsandmore.Children’sillustratorswerequicktoraiseconcernsaboutthetechnology.TheysayAI-generatedartistheexactoppositeofwhatartisbelievedtobe.Basically,artistranslatingwhatyoufeelinsideintosomethingthatexistsoutside.Whateverformittakes,trueartisaboutthecreativeprocessmuchmorethanit’saboutthefinalpiece.Andsimplypressingabuttontogenerateanimageisnotacreativeprocess.Beyondcreativity,therearedeeperissues.Tocreateimagesfromprompts,AIgeneratorsrelyondatabasesofalreadyexistingartandtext.Thiscouldleadtothecreationofimagesthatpurposelycopythestyleofotherartists,withouttheiragreement.ThereisanargumentthatAIgeneratorsworknodifferentlytohumanswhenitcomestobeinginfluencedbyothers’work.However,ahumanartistisaddingemotionanddetailsintothemix.AIdoesn’tdothesame—itcanonlycopy.TheincreasinguseofAIwillalsoleadtodevaluationoftheworkofartists.PeoplemaythinkthattheirAI-generated“work”isasacceptableasthatcreatedbysomeonewhohasspentacareermakingart.It’swrong,ofcourse.Theskills,effort,andvisionofhumanartistsshouldn’tbeignored.Youcanuseyourmobilephonetotakeanicepictureofyourdaughters,butitcannotcomparewiththeworkofprofessionalphotographers.31.TheauthormentionedDeepDreamGeneratorto______.A.introducethetopicofAIimagegeneration B.sharetheauthor’spersonalexperienceC.promotethelatestAIimagegenerator D.describetheauthor’sdreamdevice32.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.AIimagegenerationlacksthetruecreativeprocessofhumanart.B.AIimagegeneratorsareunabletofulfillthecomplexprompts.C.Children’sillustratorsareeagertoadoptAIimagegeneration.D.HumanemotionalinputcanbeaddedinAIimagegeneration.33.Whatdoestheword“devaluation”underlinedinthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Improvementinquality. B.Decreaseinworth.C.Dropincreativity. D.Changeinstyle.34.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsAIimagegeneration?A.Satisfied. B.Worried. C.Optimistic. D.Puzzled.【答案】31.A32.A33.B34.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了AI圖像生成技術(shù)的興起、AI技術(shù)對(duì)人類藝術(shù)創(chuàng)造力的影響、潛在的問題以及對(duì)藝術(shù)家作品價(jià)值的沖擊,作者對(duì)此表示了擔(dān)憂?!?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段““Womanreadingbook,underanightsky,dreamyatmosphere.”ItypeintoDeepDreamGenerator’sText2Dreamfeature.Inlessthanaminute,animageisreturnedtomeshowingwhatI’vedescribed.(“夜空下,女人讀書,夢(mèng)幻的氛圍?!蔽以贒eepDreamGenerator的Text2Dream功能中輸入。不到一分鐘,系統(tǒng)就返回給我一張顯示我所描述內(nèi)容的圖片)”以及第二段“WelcometotheworldofAIimagegeneration(生成),whereyoucancreatewhatonthesurfacelooksliketop-rankartworkusingjustafewtextprompts.(歡迎來(lái)到AI圖像生成的世界,在這里,你只需幾個(gè)文本提示就能創(chuàng)作出表面上看似一流的藝術(shù)作品)”可知,作者提到自己用DeepDreamGenerator創(chuàng)作圖片是為了引出下文將要討論的AI圖像生成這一主題。故選A項(xiàng)?!?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Basically,artistranslatingwhatyoufeelinsideintosomethingthatexistsoutside.Whateverformittakes,trueartisaboutthecreativeprocessmuchmorethanit’saboutthefinalpiece.Andsimplypressingabuttontogenerateanimageisnotacreativeprocess.(從本質(zhì)上講,藝術(shù)是將你內(nèi)心的感受轉(zhuǎn)化為外在存在的東西。無(wú)論它采取什么形式,真正的藝術(shù)更多的是關(guān)于創(chuàng)作過(guò)程,而不是最終的作品。而簡(jiǎn)單地按下一個(gè)按鈕來(lái)生成圖像并不是一個(gè)創(chuàng)作過(guò)程)”可知,AI圖像生成缺乏人類藝術(shù)真正的創(chuàng)作過(guò)程。故選A項(xiàng)。【33題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“PeoplemaythinkthattheirAI-generated“work”isasacceptableasthatcreatedbysomeonewhohasspentacareermakingart.(人們可能認(rèn)為他們AI生成的“作品”和那些花了一輩子時(shí)間創(chuàng)作藝術(shù)的人的作品一樣可以被接受)”可知,人們可能會(huì)認(rèn)為AI生成的作品和人類藝術(shù)家的作品一樣有價(jià)值,結(jié)合常識(shí)可推知,既然AI生成的作品和人類藝術(shù)家的作品一樣有價(jià)值,那么AI的廣泛使用就會(huì)導(dǎo)致藝術(shù)家作品的價(jià)值降低,故“devaluation”意為“價(jià)值的降低”,與B項(xiàng)“Decreaseinworth.”意思一致。故選B項(xiàng)?!?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Andsimplypressingabuttontogenerateanimageisnotacreativeprocess.(而簡(jiǎn)單地按下一個(gè)按鈕來(lái)生成圖像并不是一個(gè)
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