石家莊市中醫(yī)院輸血醫(yī)學專業(yè)英語術(shù)語考核一、單選題（每題2分，共20題）1.Whatisthemedicaltermfortheprocessofaddingbloodtothebody?A.HemostasisB.TransfusionC.CoagulationD.Erythropoiesis2.Whichofthefollowingisthecorrecttermforabloodcomponentthatcontainsplatelets?A.PlasmaB.PackedredbloodcellsC.Platelet-richplasmaD.Cryoprecipitate3.Whatisthemedicaltermfortheconditionwhereapatienthasaninadequatenumberofplatelets?A.AnemiaB.ThrombocytopeniaC.HemophiliaD.Leukemia4.WhichbloodgroupsystemisdeterminedbytheABOantigens?A.RhB.KellC.DuffyD.ABO5.Whatisthemedicaltermfortheprocessofremovingbloodfromthebody?A.PhlebotomyB.ApheresisC.TransfusionD.Hemodialysis6.Whichofthefollowingisatypeofanticoagulantusedinbloodcollection?A.HeparinB.ProthrombinC.FibrinogenD.FactorXa7.Whatisthemedicaltermfortheriskofatransfusionreaction?A.Transfusion-RelatedImmuneHemolyticReaction(TRIM)B.AcuteHemolyticTransfusionReaction(AHTR)C.Transfusion-RelatedAcuteLungInjury(TRALI)D.Non-ImmuneHemolyticTransfusionReaction(NIHTR)8.Whichofthefollowingisacommoncauseofhemolytictransfusionreaction?A.ABOincompatibilityB.RhincompatibilityC.BothAandBD.Noneoftheabove9.Whatisthemedicaltermfortheprocessofmatchingbloodtypesbetweendonorandrecipient?A.BloodtypingB.CrossmatchingC.BloodgroupingD.Serotyping10.Whichofthefollowingisacomplicationofbloodtransfusion?A.Transfusion-RelatedAcuteLungInjury(TRALI)B.HemostasisC.ErythropoiesisD.Coagulation二、多選題（每題3分，共10題）1.Whichofthefollowingarecomponentsofwholeblood?A.RedbloodcellsB.PlasmaC.PlateletsD.Whitebloodcells2.Whatarethecommoncausesoftransfusionreactions?A.ABOincompatibilityB.RhincompatibilityC.ContaminationofbloodproductsD.Hypervolemicshock3.Whichofthefollowingaremethodsofbloodpreservation?A.Citrate-phosphate-dextrose(CPD)B.Citrate-phosphate-dextrose-adenine(CPDA-1)C.Adenosinetriphosphate(ATP)D.Cryopreservation4.Whatarethesignsandsymptomsofatransfusionreaction?A.FeverandchillsB.HypotensionC.DyspneaD.Hemolysis5.Whichofthefollowingarebloodgroupantigens?A.AantigenB.BantigenC.RhfactorD.Kellantigen6.Whatarethefunctionsofplatelets?A.HemostasisB.ClotformationC.ImmuneresponseD.Bloodcoagulation7.Whichofthefollowingaretypesofanticoagulants?A.HeparinB.EDTAC.CitrateD.Prothrombinactivator8.Whataretherisksassociatedwithbloodtransfusion?A.InfectionB.HemolyticreactionC.AcutelunginjuryD.Hemostaticdisorders9.Whichofthefollowingareusedinbloodtyping?A.Anti-AantibodiesB.Anti-BantibodiesC.Anti-RhantibodiesD.Isohemagglutinins10.Whatarethecomponentsofplasma?A.AlbuminB.GlobulinsC.ImmunoglobulinsD.Fibrinogen三、填空題（每題2分，共20題）1.Theprocessofaddingbloodtothebodyiscalled________.2.Abloodcomponentthatcontainsplateletsiscalled________.3.Theconditionwhereapatienthasaninadequatenumberofplateletsiscalled________.4.ThebloodgroupsystemdeterminedbytheABOantigensiscalled________.5.Theprocessofremovingbloodfromthebodyiscalled________.6.Atypeofanticoagulantusedinbloodcollectionis________.7.Theriskofatransfusionreactioniscalled________.8.Acommoncauseofhemolytictransfusionreactionis________.9.Theprocessofmatchingbloodtypesbetweendonorandrecipientiscalled________.10.Acomplicationofbloodtransfusionis________.11.Themedicaltermfortheprocessofmatchingbloodtypesbetweendonorandrecipientis________.12.Abloodcomponentthatcontainsredbloodcellsiscalled________.13.Themedicaltermfortheconditionwhereapatienthasaninadequatenumberofredbloodcellsiscalled________.14.Abloodgroupantigenis________.15.Themedicaltermfortheprocessofaddingbloodtothebodyis________.16.Abloodcomponentthatcontainswhitebloodcellsiscalled________.17.Themedicaltermfortheconditionwhereapatienthasanexcessivenumberofwhitebloodcellsiscalled________.18.AbloodgroupsystemdeterminedbytheRhantigensiscalled________.19.Themedicaltermfortheprocessofremovingbloodfromthebodyis________.20.Atypeofanticoagulantusedinbloodcollectionis________.四、簡答題（每題5分，共5題）1.Whatarethefourmaincomponentsofblood?2.Whatarethecommoncausesoftransfusionreactions?3.Howisbloodtyped?4.Whatarethesignsandsymptomsofatransfusionreaction?5.Whataretherisksassociatedwithbloodtransfusion?答案與解析一、單選題1.B.Transfusion解析：Transfusion是指將血液或血液成分輸注到患者體內(nèi)的過程。2.C.Platelet-richplasma解析：Platelet-richplasma(PRP)是指富含血小板血漿。3.B.Thrombocytopenia解析：Thrombocytopenia是指血小板計數(shù)過低。4.D.ABO解析：ABO血型系統(tǒng)是由A、B抗原決定的。5.A.Phlebotomy解析：Phlebotomy是指抽血的過程。6.A.Heparin解析：Heparin是一種常用的抗凝劑。7.A.Transfusion-RelatedImmuneHemolyticReaction(TRIM)解析：TRIM是指輸血相關(guān)的免疫性溶血反應(yīng)。8.C.BothAandB解析：ABO和Rh血型不兼容都可能導致溶血性輸血反應(yīng)。9.B.Crossmatching解析：Crossmatching是指血型配對的過程。10.A.Transfusion-RelatedAcuteLungInjury(TRALI)解析：TRALI是輸血的一種并發(fā)癥。二、多選題1.A.Redbloodcells,B.Plasma,C.Platelets,D.Whitebloodcells解析：全血包括紅細胞、血漿、血小板和白細胞。2.A.ABOincompatibility,B.Rhincompatibility,C.Contaminationofbloodproducts解析：輸血反應(yīng)的常見原因包括ABO不兼容、Rh不兼容和血制品污染。3.A.Citrate-phosphate-dextrose(CPD),B.Citrate-phosphate-dextrose-adenine(CPDA-1),D.Cryopreservation解析：血液保存方法包括CPD、CPDA-1和冷凍保存。4.A.Feverandchills,B.Hypotension,C.Dyspnea解析：輸血反應(yīng)的體征和癥狀包括發(fā)熱、低血壓和呼吸困難。5.A.Aantigen,B.Bantigen,C.Rhfactor,D.Kellantigen解析：血型抗原包括A抗原、B抗原、Rh因子和Kell抗原。6.A.Hemostasis,B.Clotformation,D.Bloodcoagulation解析：血小板的功能包括止血、凝血和血液凝固。7.A.Heparin,B.EDTA,C.Citrate解析：抗凝劑包括肝素、EDTA和檸檬酸鹽。8.A.Infection,B.Hemolyticreaction,C.Acutelunginjury解析：輸血的風險包括感染、溶血反應(yīng)和急性肺損傷。9.A.Anti-Aantibodies,B.Anti-Bantibodies,C.Anti-Rhantibodies解析：血型測定使用抗A抗體、抗B抗體和抗Rh抗體。10.A.Albumin,B.Globulins,C.Immunoglobulins,D.Fibrinogen解析：血漿的成分包括白蛋白、球蛋白、免疫球蛋白和纖維蛋白原。三、填空題1.Transfusion2.Platelet-richplasma3.Thrombocytopenia4.ABOsystem5.Phl