細(xì)節(jié)理解題——定位信息巧比對(duì)

9目標(biāo)導(dǎo)航

細(xì)節(jié)理解題在英語高考閱讀理解中占了較大的比重，而且此類題型相對(duì)比較簡單，只需要根據(jù)題干中

的關(guān)鍵詞，回到原文定位信息區(qū)間，稍加比對(duì)，就能得出正確答案。因此，對(duì)于這類題目要力求讀得快、

找得準(zhǔn)、答得對(duì)，力爭不丟分，保住基本分才能得高分。但有些細(xì)節(jié)理解題由于命題人故意設(shè)置障礙，把

有用信息分散在文章不同位置，有時(shí)又有轉(zhuǎn)折、否定等，因此有些題目需要仔細(xì)地思考、對(duì)匕、計(jì)算、對(duì)

上下文關(guān)鍵信息把握和分析。盡管細(xì)節(jié)理解題相對(duì)簡單，但不可掉以輕心。細(xì)節(jié)理解題常見的考查題型有:

直接信息題、間接信息題、概括細(xì)節(jié)理解題和正誤判斷題。

一、題型特點(diǎn)要知曉

（一）細(xì)節(jié)理解題常見設(shè)問方式

1.特殊疑問句形式。以when,where,what,which,who,howninch/many等疑問詞引出的問題。

2.判斷是非形式。含有TRUE/FALSE,NOTtruc或EXCEPT等的判斷是非的問題。此時(shí)要注意題干中是

否含有否定詞，如not,never等。

3.以“...ordingto...”開頭的提問形式。

4.填空形式。如Thebiggestchallengeformostmothersisfrom.

（二）細(xì)節(jié)理解題正確選項(xiàng)特征

指對(duì)原文句子中的關(guān)鍵詞進(jìn)行同義替換。如把loseone'sjob換成了beoutof

同義替換work。有些細(xì)節(jié)理解題把原文中的一些詞變換一下詞性，如把important變換成

ofimportance；改變?cè)闹芯渥拥恼Z態(tài)，如主動(dòng)語態(tài)與被動(dòng)語態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換。

信息歸納用精煉的語言來概括原文中比較分散或復(fù)雜的信息，設(shè)置為正確答案。

正話反說把原文中的意思反過來表達(dá)而成為正確選項(xiàng)。

原文原詞利用原文原詞作為正確選項(xiàng)。

（三）細(xì)節(jié)理解題干擾選項(xiàng)特征

張冠李戴是原文信息，但不是題目要求的內(nèi)容。

無中生有符合常識(shí)，但不是文章的內(nèi)容。

曲解文意與原文的內(nèi)容極其相似，只是在某個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)處有些變動(dòng)，

顛倒是非在意思上與原文大相徑庭甚至完全相反。

正誤參半部分正胸，部分錯(cuò)誤。

二、方法技巧要用好

直接信息題

在解答直接信息題時(shí)，考生可以采取“關(guān)鍵詞定位法”，即“帶著問題找答案”的方法，通過定位找題眼。

先從題干中提取關(guān)鍵性詞語（題眼），然后以此為線索，運(yùn)用略讀及尋讀的技巧快速在文章中尋找與此關(guān)鍵詞

相關(guān)的段落、語句，快速定位該題與哪一段哪一句有關(guān)，然后仔細(xì)推敲，仔細(xì)比較所給選項(xiàng)與文中細(xì)節(jié)的

細(xì)微區(qū)別，在準(zhǔn)確理解細(xì)節(jié)的前提下，最后確定答案。解題流程圖如下：

［例11

ifoundthepre-holidaysagoodtimetoencourageyoungchildrentodonateless-usedthings,anditworked.

Becauseofourefforts,ourdaughterGeorgiadiddecidetodonatealargebagoftoystoalittlegirlwhosemother

wasunabletopayfbrherholidayduetoillness.Shechosetosellafewlargerobjectsthatwerelessoftenused

whenwepromisedtoputthemoneyintoherschoolfund（基金）（ourkindergartendaughterisseriousaboutbeinga

doctor）.

33.WhatmadeGeorgiaagreetosellsomeofherobjects?

A.Savingupforherholiday.

B.Raisingmoneyforapoorgirl.

C.Addingthemoneytoherfund.

D.Givingthemoneytoasickmother.

［解題示范］

第一步：定信息區(qū)間

抓關(guān)鍵題干中的關(guān)鍵詞：Georgia,sell,objects

定位：用Georgia,sell,objects尋讀，在文中找到信息源She

chosetosellafewlargerobjectsthatwerelessoftenusedwhenwe

鎖信息

promisedtoputthemoneyintoherschoolfund（基金）（our

kindergartendaughterisseriousaboutbeingadoctor）.

第二步：比對(duì)定答案

選項(xiàng)選項(xiàng)意思定位

A為她的假期儲(chǔ)蓄。曲解文藤

B為一個(gè)貧困女孩募捐。曲解文京

C把錢放入她的基金。同義替換

D把錢送給一個(gè)生病的媽媽。無中生有

［分析J選c比對(duì)選目1和信息句可知，女兒愿意賣幾件玩具，是因?yàn)槲覀兂兄Z把錢放入她

的求學(xué)基金：選項(xiàng)和原文中均出現(xiàn)fund一詞，故為直接細(xì)節(jié)理解題。故選C

（2022?全國甲卷閱讀A節(jié)選）

TheatresandEntertainment

StDavid'sHall

StDavid'sHallistheawardwinningNationalConcertHallofWalesstandingattheveryheartCardiff's

entertainmentcentre.Withanimpressive2,000seatconcerthall,StDavid'sHallishometotheannualWelshProms

Cardiff.Itpresentsliveentertainment,includingpop,rock,folk,jazz,musicals,dance,worldmusic,filmsand

classicalmusic.

TheHayes,CardiffCF101AH

.stdavidshallcardiff.co.uk

21.Whereis（heWelshProinsCardiffhosted?

A.AltheNewTheatre.B.AttheGleeClub.

C.AlShermanCymru.D.AtStDavid'sHall.

D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“StDavid'sHall”部分中的"StDavid'sHallishometotheannualWelshProms

Cardiff（StDavid'sHall是Cardiff?年?度的WelshProms的舉辦地）''可知，Cardiff的WelshProms活動(dòng)在

StDavid'sHall舉辦。故選D。

間接信息題

間接信息題相比直接信息題，命題的隱蔽性更強(qiáng)，正確選項(xiàng)一般都會(huì)在原文基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行改造。此類題

目需要考生將題目信息與原文相關(guān)信息進(jìn)行語義上的轉(zhuǎn)換，有時(shí)還需要進(jìn)一步的加工或整理。

[例2]

Ofthemonberries,strawberriesarehighestinvitaminC,although,becauseoftheirseeds,raspberriescontain

alittlemoreprotein（蛋白質(zhì)），ironandzinc（notthatfruitshavemuchprotein）.Blueberriesareparticularlyhighin

antioxidants（抗氧化物質(zhì)）.Theyellowandorangestonefruitssuchaspeachesarehighinthecarotenoidsweturn

intovitaminAandwhichareantioxidants.Asforcherries（櫻桃），theyaresodeliciouswhocares?However,they

arerichinvitaminC.

24.Whatdoestheauthorseem（olikeaboutcherries?

A.Theycontainprotein.

B.TheyarchighinvitaminA.

C.Theyhaveapleasanttaste.

D.Theyarcrichinantioxidants.

［解題示范］

第一步：定信息區(qū)間

抓關(guān)鍵題干中的關(guān)鍵詞：cherries

定位:用cherries尋讀，在文中找到信息源Asforcherries（櫻桃）,they

鎖信息

aresodeliciouswhocares?However,theyarerichinvitaminC.

第二步：比對(duì)定答案

選項(xiàng)選項(xiàng)意思定位

A它們含有蛋白質(zhì)。張冠李戴

B它們富含維生素A。張冠李戴

C它們口感好。同義替換

D它們含有豐富的抗氧化物質(zhì)。張冠李戴

［分析］選c根據(jù)該段看七后一句"Asforcherries（櫻杉k）,theyaresodeliciouswhocares?

However,theyarerichinvitaminC.“可知，原文中的theyaresodelicious被替換成選項(xiàng)中

的Theyhaveapleasanttsiste,為間接細(xì)節(jié)理解題。故選C。

（2022?全國甲卷閱讀A節(jié)選）

TheGleeClub

Everyweekendthisis“Wales”premieredyclubwherehavingagreattimeistheorderforbothaudiencesand

cdystarsalike.Itishardtonameacdystarwhohasn'tbeenonthestagehere.Ifyouarclookingforthebestcdics

ontourandbrilliantlivemusic,youshouldstarthere.

MermaidQuay,CardiffBay,CardiffCFIO5BZ

.glee.co.uk/cardiff

22.WhatcanpeopledoattheGleeClub?

A.Watchmusicals.B.Enjoyedies.

C.Seefamilyshows.D.Docreativethings.

B（解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“TheGleeClub”部分中的“Ifycuarelookingforthebestediesontourand

brilliantlivemusic,youshouldstarthere（如果你正在尋找巡演中最好的喜劇和精彩的現(xiàn)場音樂，你應(yīng)該從這

里開始）“可知，人們可以在TheGleeClub享受喜劇。故選B。

NewTheatre

TheNewTheatrehasbeenthehomeofqualitydrama,musicals,danceandchildren'sshowsfbrmorethan100

years.PresentingthebestoftheWestEndalongwiththepickoftheUK'stouringshows,theNewTheatreis

Cardiff'soldestsurvivingtraditionaltheatre.Besuretopayavisitaspartofyourstayinthecity.

ParkPlace,CardiffCF1（）3LN

.newlhealrecardiff.co.uk

23.WhichwebsitecanyouvisittolearnaboutCardiff'soldestsurvivingtheatre?

A..newtheatrecardiff.co.ukB..shermancymru.co.uk

C..glee.co.uk/cardiffD..stdavidshallcardiff.co.uk

A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“NewTheatre”部分中的“TheNewTheatrehasbeenthehomeofqualitydrama,

musicians,danceandchildren'sshowsformorethan100years（100多年來,NewTheatre一直是優(yōu)質(zhì)戲劇、音

樂家、舞蹈和兒童節(jié)目的發(fā)源地）”以及其下面的網(wǎng)站”.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk”可知，可以

在.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk網(wǎng)站找到Cardiff存在最久的劇院。故選A。

概括細(xì)節(jié)理解題

概括、歸納信息是指命題人用精煉的語言來概括原文中比較分散或復(fù)雜的信息，這是命題人設(shè)計(jì)細(xì)節(jié)

理解題的正確選項(xiàng)時(shí)經(jīng)常使用的手段之一。考生首先應(yīng)依據(jù)題干指向，找到文中相應(yīng)的信息區(qū)間，然后嘗

試用自己的語言去歸納總結(jié)文中的信息或事實(shí)，然后再看選項(xiàng)，挑選出和自己所歸納總結(jié)的信息最接近的

選項(xiàng)作為正確答案。

[例3]

???

Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.The

generalruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehot,wetzones

havelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages;theAmericasabout1,000;

Africa2,400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover

800.Themediannumber（中位數(shù)）ofspeakersisamere6,000.whichmeansthathalftheworldslanguagesare

spokenbyfewerpeoplethan（hat.

30.Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatpresent?

A.About6,800.B.About3,400.

C.About2,400.D.About1,200.

［解題示范］

第一步：定信息區(qū)間

抓關(guān)鍵題干中的關(guān)鍵詞：6,000

定位：用6,000尋讀，在文中找到信息源Themediannumber（中位數(shù)）of

鎖信息speakersisamere6,1）00,whichmeansthathalftheworld*slanguagesare

spokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.

第二步：比對(duì)定答案

選項(xiàng)選項(xiàng)意思原文意思定位

A大約6800種。6800為現(xiàn)在世界現(xiàn)存語言數(shù)量。張冠李戴

B大約3400種。世界語言總量的一半即為3400o信息歸納

C大約2400種。2400為非洲語言數(shù)量。張冠李戴

數(shù)字1200在原文中沒有出現(xiàn)，也無法做

D大約1200種。無中生有

出有效歸納。

［分析］選B根據(jù)本段第一句"Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.”可知，目前世

界上有大約6800種語言，再根據(jù)最后一句"Themediannumber（中位數(shù)）ofspeakersisamere

6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworld'slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.”可知，

目前世界上一半的語言的使用人數(shù)少于6000,也就是說有大約3400種語言的使用人數(shù)少于6

000。根據(jù)以上數(shù)據(jù)的歸納概括可知B項(xiàng)為正確選項(xiàng)。

（2022?全國甲卷閱讀B節(jié)選）

Goffin'scockatoos,akindofsmallparrotnativetoAustralasia,havebeenshowntohavesimilar

shaperecognitionabilitiestoahuman（woyearold.Thoughnotknowntousetoolsinthewild,thebirdshaveproved

skilfulattoolusewhilekeptinthecage.Inarecentexperiment,cockatooswerepresentedwithaboxwithanut

insideit.Theclearfrontoftheboxhada“keyhole“inageometricshape,andthebirdsweregivenfivsdifferently

shaped“keys"tochoosefrom.Insertingthecorrect"key"wouldletoutthenut.

24.Howdidthecockatoosgetthenutfromtheboxintheexperiment?

A.Byfollowinginstructions.B.Byusingatool.

C.Byturningtheboxaround.D.Byremovingthelid.

B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Thoughnotknowntousetoolsinthewild,thebirdshaveprovedskilful

attoolusewhilekeptinthecage.（雖然人們不知道這些鳥在野外會(huì)使用工具，但事實(shí)證明，它們?cè)陉P(guān)在籠子

里時(shí)就能熟練地使用工具）“以及"thebirdsweregivenfivedifferentlyshaped“keys”tochoosefrom.Inserting,

thecorrect4tkeys,5wouldletoutthenut.（研究人員給了這些鳥5把形狀各異的“鑰匙”供它們選擇。插入，正確

的“鑰匙”會(huì)讓堅(jiān)果出來）''可知，在實(shí)驗(yàn)中，鳳頭鸚鵡是通過使用工具從盒子里取出堅(jiān)果的。故近B。

正誤判斷題

正誤判斷題是細(xì)節(jié)理解題中解題比較繁瑣的題目，說其繁瑣，因?yàn)槠湫畔⒉幌衿渌愵}目那樣集中在

文章的某一句或某一段，而是分散在文章的各個(gè)角落。對(duì)于這類題目，考生要靜下心來，看清范圍，確定

方向，找到每一個(gè)選項(xiàng)的對(duì)應(yīng)信息后，謹(jǐn)慎排除，綜合選優(yōu)。

［例4］

Foodfestivalsaroundtheworld

StiltonCheeseRolling

MayDayisatraditionaldayfbrcelebrations,butthe2,000EnglishvillagersofStiltonmustbetheonly

peopleintheworldwhoincludecheeserollingin(heirannualplans.Teamsoffour,dressedinavarietyofstrange

andfunnyclothes,rollaplctccheesealonga50-metrecourse.Ontheway,theymustnotkickorthrowtheircheese,

orgointotheirpctitors'lane(賽道).petitionisfierceandthechiefprizeisaplctcStiltoncheeseweighingabout

fourkilos(disappointingly,butunderstandablythecheesesusedintheracearewoodenones).Allthepetitorsare

servedwithbeerorportwine,thetraditionalaepanimentfbrStiltoncheese.

FieiyFoodsFestival—TheHottestFestivalonEarth

Everyyearmorethan10,00()peopleheadfbrthecityofAlbuquerque,NewMexico.Theyefromasfaraway

asAustralia,theCaribbeanandChina,buttheyallshareamonaddiction-food(hatisnotjustspicy(辛辣)，but

hotenoughtomakeyourmouthburn,yourheadspinandyoureyeswater.TheirdestinationistheFieryFoodand

BBQFestivalwhichisheldoveraperiodofthreedayseveryMarch.Youmightliketotryachocolate-covered

habaneropepper-officially(hehottestpepperintheworld—oranyoneofthethousandsofproductsthatareon

show.Butonething'sforsure—ifyoudon'tlikethefeelingofaburningtongue,thisfestivalisn'tforyou!

LaTomatina—TheWorld'sBiggestFoodFight

OnthelastWednesdayofeveryAugust,theSpanishtownofBunolhostsLaTomatina—theworld'slargest

foodfight.Aweek-longcelebrationleadsuptoanexcitingtomatobattleasthehighlightoftheweek'sevents.The

earlymorningseesthearrivaloflargetruckswithtomatoes—officialfight-startersgetthingsgoingbycasting

(oiriatoesatthecrowd.

59.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.ThechiefprizefortlieStiltoncheeserollingpetitionisbeerorportwine.

B.More(han10,000ChinesetakepartintheFieryFoodandBBQFestival.

C.ThousandsofspicyfoodsareonshowintheFieiyFoodandBBQFestival.

D.AnexcitingtomatobattletakesplaceatthebeginningofLaTomatina.

［解題示范］

第一步：定信息區(qū)間

選項(xiàng)選項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵詞信息區(qū)間

AThechiefprizefortheStiltoncheeserollingpetition第一段第四句

BMorethan10,000Chinese第二段第一、二句

CThousandsofspicyfoodsarconshow第二段倒數(shù)第二句

DAnexcitingtomatobattletakesplaceatthebeginning第三段第二句

第二步：逐一比對(duì)定答案

選項(xiàng)選項(xiàng)意思原文意思定位

Stilton滾動(dòng)奶酪比賽的主要獎(jiǎng)品是

A獎(jiǎng)品是apleteStiltoncheese。張冠李戴

啤酒或波爾圖葡萄酒。

一萬多名中國人參加FieryFood

B參加者來自世界各地。曲解文意

andBBQFestival。

在FieryFoodandBBQFestival上，

C展出了成千上萬種食物。同義替換

成千上萬種辛辣食物被展出。

在LaTomatina節(jié)日的開始，會(huì)舉“西紅柿大戰(zhàn)”發(fā)生在節(jié)日結(jié)尾，而

D曲解文意

行一場激動(dòng)人心的“西紅柿大戰(zhàn)”。不是節(jié)日的開始。

【答案1c

命題方式練

請(qǐng)選擇以下設(shè)誤方式（張冠李戴、無中生有、曲解文意、顛倒是非、正誤參半）或正確選項(xiàng)特征（原文原

詞、同義替換、信息歸納、正話反說）填入下表的“診斷”一欄中。

I.（原文節(jié)選）Shortlyafterthewar,mybrotherandIwereinvitedtospendafewdayswithanunclewhohad

justreturnedfromabroad.Hehadruntedacottageinthecountry,althoughherarelyspentmuchtimethcrc.Wc

understoodthereasonforthisafterourarrival:thecottagehadnofortablefurnitureinit,manyofthewindows

werebrokenandtheroofleaked,makingthewholehousedamp.

Whydidtheuncleseldomspendmuchtimeinthecountrycottage?

選項(xiàng)診斷

ABecausetheroofofthecottagewasfalling.曲解文意

BBecauseihccottagewasinbadcondiiion.信息歸納

CBecausehewasusedtolivingabroad.曲解文意

DBecausetherewasnofurnitureinit.顛倒是非

2.（原文節(jié)選）Inbetweenrunningoneoftheworld'slargestcharitableagenciesandactingasMicrosoft's

technologyadvisor.BillGatesmanages（ofindtime（oreadbooks,bothlongandshort.NowGates—whohasbeen

labeleda“greedy“reader—hasreleasedalistofhisfavoritebooks.Allofthebooksarestandoutreads,according

tothebillionaire,mostofwhicharcfocusedonbusinessandeconomy.

Thebooksmentionedin(hetextareallabout

選項(xiàng)診斷

Acharityintheworld張冠李戴

Bbusinessandeconomy原文原詞

Cpovertyintheworld無中生有

DBillGates'lifeexperiences無中生有

3.(原文節(jié)選)Thehutwaswarmandquitefortableinside.Therewasastove,andsomebreadandbeerona

shelf.Oneachsideofthehutwasaroundholelikeawindow,whichcouldbeclosedwithapieceofwood.Theseair

holeswereusuallykeptopenwhentlicstovewasburning,becausetoomuchsmokeinasmall,airlesshutcouldkill

(heshepherd.

Thefunctionoftheroundholeswas.

選項(xiàng)診斷

Atoletthesunshinein無中生有一

Btowarm(hehut曲解文意

Ctokeepthesmokeout曲解文意一

Dtoairthehut信息歸納

隨堂練習(xí)

2021年高考全國甲卷

ATakeaview,theLandscape1風(fēng)景)PhotographeroftheYearAward,wastheideaofCharlieWaite,oneof

today'smostrespectedlandscapephotographers.Eachyear,thehighstandardofentrieshasshownthattheAwards

aretheperfectplatformtoshowcasetheverybestphotographyoftheBritishlandscape.Takeaviewisadesirable

annualpetitionforphotographersfromallersoftheUKandbeyond.

Itwasanextremelycoldwinter'seveningandfreezingfoghungintheair.I

climbed(othetopofasmallriseandrealisedthat(hemistwaslittlemorethanafew

MikeShepherd(2011)

feetdeep,andthoughitwasonlyashortclimb,Ifoundmyselfpletelyaboveitand

SkiddawinWinter

lookingatawonderfullyclearviewofSkiddawwiththesumsettinginthewest.Iused

Cumbria,England

classicaltechniques,translatedfrommycollegedaysspentinthedarkrcominto

Photoshop,toachievetheblack一and—whiteimage(圖像).

TimothySmith(2014)IwasbackinmyhometownofMacclesfieldtotakesomewinterimages.Walking

MacclesfieldForestupapaththroughtheforesttowardsShutlingsloc.alocalhighpoint,Icameacrossa

Cheshire,Englandsmallclearingandimmediatelynoticedthedeadyellowgrassessetagainstthefresh

snow.ThesmallpineaddedtotheinterestandIplaceditcentrallytotaketheviewfrom

theforegroundrightthroughintotheforest.

1.WhowouldmostprobablyenterforTakeaview?

A.Writers.B.Photographers.C.Painters.D.Tourists.

2.WhatdotheworksbyShepherdandSmithhaveinmon?

A.Theyarewinterimages.

B.Theyareinblackandwhite.

C.Theyshowmountainousscenes.

D.Theyfocusonsnow-coveredforests.

3.Wherecanthetextbefound?

A.Inahistorybook.B.Inanovel.C.Inanartmagazine.D.Inabiograpliy.

【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了攝影比賽Takeaview以及獲獎(jiǎng)的相關(guān)情況。

IB［解析］細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Takeaview,theLandscape（風(fēng)景）PhotographeroftheYearAward,wasthe

ideaofCharlieWaite,oneoftoday'smostrespectedlandscapephotographers.”（Takeaview,年度風(fēng)景攝影師

獎(jiǎng)是CharlieWaite的主意，他是當(dāng)今最受尊敬的風(fēng)景攝影師之一）可知攝影師最有可能參加Takeaview。

故選B.

2A［解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MikeShepherd部分“Itwasanextremelycoldwinter'seveningandfreezingfoghung

intheair."（那是一個(gè)極其寒冷的冬天的晚上，空氣中彌漫著冰冷的霧）和TimothySmith部分“Iwasbackin

myhometownofMacclesfieldtotakesomewinterin^ages.^^（我回到我的家鄉(xiāng)Macclesfield拍攝一些冬季的照

片）可知Shepherd和Smilh的作品的共同之處是它們都是冬天的景象。故選A。

3C【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Eachyear,thehighstandardofentrieshasshownthattheAwardsarethe

perfectplatformtoshowcasetheverybestphotographyoftheBritishlandscape.Takeaviewisadesirableannual

petitionforphotographersfromallersoftheUKandbeyond.”（每年參賽作品的高水準(zhǔn)表明，該獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)是展示英

國風(fēng)景最佳攝影作品的完美平臺(tái)。對(duì)于英國和世界各地的攝影師來說，Takeaview是一項(xiàng)令人向往的年度

競賽）結(jié)合下文對(duì)兩位獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)呒捌渥髌返慕榻B，可知這篇文章主要介紹了攝影比賽Takeaview以及獲獎(jiǎng)的

相關(guān)情況，最可能出現(xiàn)在一本藝術(shù)雜志上。故選C。

PortLyinpneReserve,whichrunsabreeding（繁育）programme,hasweledthearrivalofarareblackrhino

calf（犀牛幼崽）.WhenthetinycreaturearrivedonJanuary31.shebecamethe40thblackrhinotobebornatthe

reserve.AndofficialsatPortLympneweredelightedwiththenewarrival,especiallyasblackrhinosarcknownfor

beingdifficulttobreedincaptivity（圈養(yǎng)）.

PaulBeer,headofrhinosectionatPortLympne,said:"Obviouslywe*reallabsolutelydelightedtoweIe

anothercalftoourblackrhinofamily.She'shealthy,strongandalreadyeagertoplayandexplore.Hermother,

Solio.isafirsttimemumandsheisdoingafantasticjob.It'sstillalittletoocoldforthemtogooutintotheopen,

butassoonastheweatherwarmsup,Ihavenodoubtthatthelittleonewillbeoutandaboutexploringandplaying

everyday.”

Theadorablefemalecalfisthesecondblackrhinobornthisyearatthereserve,butitistooearlytotellifthe

calveswillmakegoodcandidatestobereturnedtoprotectedareasof（hewild.ThefirstrhinotobebomalPori

LyinpnearrivedonJanuary5tofirsUimemotherKisimaandweighedabout32kg.Hismother,grandmotherand

greatgrandmotherwereallbornatthereserveandstilllivethere.

AccordingtotheWorldWildlifeFund,theglobalblackrhinopopulationhasdroppedaslowas5500,giving

therhinosa“criticallyendangered''status.

4.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthebreedingprogramme?

A.Costly.B.Controversial.C.Ambitious.D.Successful.

5.WhatdoesPaulBeersayaboutthenewbornrhino?

A.Shelovesstayingwithhermother.B.Shedislikesoutdooractivities.

C.SheisingoodconditionD.Sheissensitivetoheat.

6.WhatsimilarexperiencedoSolioandKisimahave?

A.TheyhadtheirfirstborninJanuary.B.Theyenjoyedexploringnewplaces

C.Theylivedwiththeirgrandmothers.D.Theywerebroughttothereserveyoung

7.WhatcanbeinferredaboutPornLympneReserve?

A.Therhinosectionwillbeopenlothepublic.

B.Itaims（ocontrolthenumberoftheanimals.

C.ItwillcontinuetoworkwiththeWorldWildlifeFund.

D.Someofitsrhinosmaybesenttotheprotectedwildareas.

【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在PoriLympne保護(hù)區(qū)的部分黑犀?，F(xiàn)狀。

4D【解析】推理判斷題。通過文章第一段“shebecamethe40thblackrhinotobebornatthereserve（她成為該

保護(hù)區(qū)出生的第40頭黑犀牛）”以及文章倒數(shù)第二段“Hismother,grandmotherandgreatgrandmotherwereall

bornatthereseneandstilllivethere.（他的母親、祖母和曾祖母都出生在保護(hù)區(qū),至今仍住在那里）”可知,保

護(hù)區(qū)的繁育計(jì)劃使很多黑犀牛成功存活，可推知，這計(jì)劃是成功的。故選D項(xiàng)。

5c【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過文章第二段“She，shealthy,strongandalreadyeagertoplayandexplore.（她很健康,

很強(qiáng)壯，已經(jīng)渴望玩耍和探索了）”可知，PaulB8r認(rèn)為新生的犀牛身體狀況很好。故選C項(xiàng)。

6A［解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過文章第一段“WhenthetinvcreatureanivedonJanuary31,shebecame:he40thblack

rhinotobebomalthereserve.（I月31日,當(dāng)這頭小犀牛來到保護(hù)區(qū)時(shí),她成為了第40頭在保護(hù)區(qū)出生的黑

犀牛）”以及文章倒數(shù)第二段“ThefirstrhinotobebomatPortLympnearrivedonJanuary5tofirsttimemother

Kisimaandweighedabout32kg.（1月5日,犀牛媽媽Kisima分娩的第一頭小犀牛,同時(shí)也是第一個(gè)出生在

PortLympne,體重約為32公斤）”可知，Solio和Kisima的第一個(gè)孩子都是在一月份出生的。故選A項(xiàng)。

7D【解析】推理判斷題。通過文章倒數(shù)第二段“itistooearlytotellifthecalveswillmakegoodcandidatestobe

returnedtoprotectedareasofthewild（要判斷這些小犀牛是否會(huì)成為返回野生保護(hù)區(qū)的好的候選者還為時(shí)過

早廠可推知，PonLympne保護(hù)區(qū)的一些犀牛可能會(huì)被送到野生俁護(hù)區(qū)。故選D項(xiàng)。

2021年高考全國乙卷

A

TheBiggestStadiumsintheWorld

PeoplehavebeenpouringintostadiumssincethedaysofancientGreece.Inaround80A.D.,（heRomansbuilt

theColosseum,whichremainstheworld'sbestknownstadiumandcontinuestoinformcontemporarydesign.

Rome'sColosseumwas157feettallandhad80entrances,seating5C,000people.However,thatwassmallfry

paredwiththecity'sCircusMaximus,whichacmodatcdaround250,000people.

Thesedays,safetyrcgulationsnottomentionthemodernsportsfan'sdesirefbragoodviewandfbrtablc

scat-tendtokeepstadiumcapacitics（容后）slightlylower.Evensoccerfanstendtohaveascateach;gonearcthe

daysofthousandsstandingtowatchthematch.

Forthebiggeststadiumsintheworld,wehaveuseddatasuppliedbytheWorldAtlaslistsofanwhichranks

thembytheirstatedpermanentcapacity,aswellasupdatedinformationfromofficialstadiumwebsites.

Allthesestadiumsarestillfuntional,stillopenandstillhostingthebiggesteventsinworldsport.

?Rungrado1stofMayStadium,PyongyangD.P.R.Korea.Capacity:150,000.Opened:May1,1989.

MichiganStadium,AnnArbor,Michigan,U.S.Capacity:107,601.Opened:October1,1927.

-BeaverStadium.StateCollege,Pennsylvania,U.S.Capacity:106,572.Opened:September17,1960.

-OhioStadium.Columbus,Ohio,U.S.Capacity:104,944.Opened:October7,1922.

KyleField,CollegeStation,Texas,U.S.Capacity:102,512.Opened:September24,1927.

21.HowmanypeoplecouldtheCircusMaximushold?

A.104,944.B.107,601.C.About150,000.D.About250,000.

22.Of（hefollowingstadiums,whichistheoldest?

A.MichiganStadium.B.BeaverStadium.C.OhioStadium.D.KyleField.

23.Whatdothelistedstadiumshaveinmon?

A.Theyhostbiggames.B.Theyhavebeetouristattractions.

C.TheywerebuiltbyAmericans.D.Theyar