Unit5MeetingyourancestorsPart1清單式背誦——主干知識一遍過1.alternativen.可能的選擇(choice)；選擇對象(option)adj.供選擇的；其他的?analternativeto……的替代物(to是介詞)havenoalternativebuttodosth別無選擇只好做某事havethealternativeofdoingsth有做某事的選擇there’snoalternative...……別無選擇?alternativelyadv.可供選擇地eg.(2022·舟山模擬)Mostofusarefascinatedbythecoursebecauseitoffersanalternativetoourbusyschoollife.我們大多數(shù)人都對這門課程著迷，因?yàn)樗鼮槲覀兎泵Φ膶W(xué)校生活提供了另一種選擇?！韭?lián)想】“別無選擇只好做……”的其他表達(dá)形式：①havenochoicebuttodosth②can’tbutdosth③candonothingbutdosth④can’thelpbutdoerruptvt.&vi.打斷……講話；打岔；暫時中斷或中止?interruptsb/sth(withsth)(因某事)打斷某人/某事beinterruptedby被……打斷/阻斷?interruptionn.打擾；插嘴；打岔；阻斷物withoutinterruption連續(xù)地；不斷地(北京卷書面表達(dá))Tohelpthembetterunderstandourtea－drinkingculture，Iintroducedthehistoryoftea－makingtothemforseveralhourswithoutinterruption.(傳統(tǒng)文化)為了幫助他們更好地了解我們的飲茶文化，我連續(xù)幾小時不間斷地向他們介紹了泡茶的歷史。3.assumevt.假定；設(shè)想(suppose)?assumesb/sthtobe假定/假設(shè)某人/某事為Itisgenerallyassumedthat...普遍認(rèn)為……?assumptionn.假定，假設(shè)，設(shè)想makeanassumption認(rèn)為；假定ontheassumptionthat...假定……，假設(shè)……?assuming(that)...假定……(作狀語)eg.(浙江6月卷)Abitlater,theyspottedwhatthey,too，assumedwasadogrunningalongsideamanonabike.過了一會兒，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了他們也認(rèn)為是一只狗的東西，在和一個騎自行車的人并排跑?！韭?lián)想】部分分詞可以轉(zhuǎn)化為連詞，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。常見的還有：supposing(＝suppose)，providing(＝provided)，given,considering等。4.regardlessadv.不管；不顧?regardlessof＋sth不管；不顧；不論?inspiteof/despite＋名詞＝although＋從句盡管；不管；雖然asregards/withregardto關(guān)于；至于eg.(全國卷Ⅲ書面表達(dá))Despitethefactthatitrains，wecanstilltakepartinphysicalactivitiesinthestadium.盡管下雨，我們?nèi)匀豢梢栽隗w育場參加體育活動。5.cutup切碎；使傷心；使難受eg.Shewasprettycutupaboutthemleaving.他們這一走使她傷心極了。6.significancen.意義；意思；重要性；重要意義(importance)?thesignificanceof...……的重要性/意義beof(great/no/little)significanceto...對……(很/不)重要attach(great)significanceto認(rèn)為……(很)重要?significantadj.重要的；明顯的Itissignificantthat...(＝significantly)很明顯……besignificantfor對……是重要的eg.Mostsignificantly，I’dappreciateitifIcouldlearnsomebasiccomposingknowledgethroughyourlecture.(建議信)最重要的是，如果我能通過你們的講座學(xué)到一些基本的作曲知識，我將不勝感激。7.fedupwith受夠了；飽受；厭煩?befedup厭煩be/getfedupwith＝beboredwith對……厭倦feedup(把人、動物)養(yǎng)肥；讓……吃飽?feedback反應(yīng)；反饋feedinto對……的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生影響feedon以……為食；以……為能源feedsb/sthonsth用……喂養(yǎng)……feedsthtosb/sth喂……給……eg.(廣東卷書面表達(dá))Inthemeantime,thosevolunteersholdtheoppositeviewthattheyarefedupwiththeearthlifeandeagerforlivingontheMars.同時，那些持相反觀點(diǎn)的志愿者認(rèn)為，他們已經(jīng)厭倦了地球上的生活，渴望到火星居住。8.lookahead向前看；為將來打算，考慮將來eg.(2020·全國卷Ⅲ書面表達(dá))I’mlookingforwardtoyourreply.我期待著你的答復(fù)。9.dateback(to)追溯到……；始于?datefrom追溯到；從……就開始有?outofdate過時的，陳舊的uptodate最近的，新式的，現(xiàn)代的eg.(北京卷書面表達(dá))Chinesetea－drinkingculturehasalonghistorywhichdatesfrom/backtomorethan1，000yearsago.(傳統(tǒng)文化)中國飲茶文化源遠(yuǎn)流長，可以追溯到1000多年前?！军c(diǎn)撥】datebackto和datefrom一般無進(jìn)行時態(tài)和被動語態(tài)；作后置定語時，常用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。教材詞塊1.atmost至多；最多2.foravisit參觀3.findevidenceofsomeoftheearliestpeople找到一些最早的人的證據(jù)4.inthecenterofthecaves在洞穴的中心5.thesharpenedstonetools磨尖的石器6.fillinthechart填寫表格7.keepoutthecold把寒氣阻擋在外8.cometoaconclusion得出結(jié)論9.applaudhischoice為他的選擇歡呼鼓掌10.accelerateherwalk加快她的步伐11.reachherdestination到達(dá)她的目的地12.becomedizzywithhunger因饑餓而頭暈眼花13.scarewildbeastaway嚇跑野獸14.nowandthen偶爾，有時15.onbehalfoftheAcademyofArts代表藝術(shù)學(xué)院16.breakout(戰(zhàn)爭、疾病、火災(zāi)等的)突然發(fā)生教材佳句1.Yes，indeed，asthebotanicalanalyseshaveshownus，allthefieldsaroundhereusedtobepartofalargeshallowlake.(as引導(dǎo)定語從句)是的，很對，正如植物學(xué)的分析結(jié)果已經(jīng)告訴我們的，這兒四周曾是一個很大的淺水湖的一部分。2.Shehadalmostreachedherdestinationwhenadelicioussmellarrestedherprogressandshestopped.(haddone...when...)快到達(dá)目的地的時候，一陣香氣撲鼻，她停下來，不往前走了。3.ItisagreatpleasuretomeetyoustudentsfromEngland，whoareinterestedinarchaeology.(Itisagreatpleasuretodo...)很高興見到你們這些來自英國并且對考古學(xué)感興趣的學(xué)生。1.Ifonlyshehadlookedaheadandplannedbetterthisyear!她今年要是早有預(yù)見，計劃得更好些就好了！句型公式|ifonlyifonly...常用來表達(dá)愿望，句中謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣。(1)ifonly...haddone...表示與過去事實(shí)相反的愿望；(2)ifonly...did...表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的愿望；(3)ifonly...could/would/mightdo...表示對將來事情的愿望(不用should)。①Constantquarrelsbetweenmyparentsaredrivingmecrazy.IfonlyIhadawarmandharmoniousfamily.父母之間不斷的爭吵快把我逼瘋了。要是我有一個溫暖和諧的家庭就好了。②Ifonlywehadmadefulluseoftimetomakegoodpreparationsforthetest.要是我們充分利用時間為考試做好準(zhǔn)備就好了。③Ifonlyweallwoulddoagoodjobinthecomingcollegeentranceexamination.要是我們都能在即將到來的高考中考好就好了?！军c(diǎn)撥】onlyif只有……，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，并且從句位于句首時，主句要進(jìn)行部分倒裝。2.Abruptlyshesatdown，onlytobescoopedupbyherlaughing，shoutingsister，Luna.她突然坐了下來，結(jié)果被又笑又叫的妹妹露娜一把抱了起來。句型公式|onlytodosth表示意料不到的情況(1)onlytodo是不定式作結(jié)果狀語，意為“不料，結(jié)果卻”，表示出乎意料或令人失望的結(jié)果。(2)現(xiàn)在分詞(短語)作結(jié)果狀語則表示“自然而然的結(jié)果”。①Hehurriedtothestadiumwithoutsupper，onlytobetoldthefootballmatchwascancelled.他沒有吃晚飯就匆匆趕到體育場，結(jié)果被告知足球賽取消了。②Newly－builtwoodencottageslinethestreet，turningtheoldtownintoadreamland.街道兩旁是新建的木屋，把這座古城變成了一個夢鄉(xiāng)。Part2學(xué)案式檢測——背誦效果速評估(限時20分鐘)Ⅰ.單詞過關(guān)檢測課內(nèi)基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)——英漢互譯1.alternativen.可能的選擇adj.供選擇的；其他的2.regardlessadv.不管；不顧3.somehowadv.以……方式；不知怎么地4.skilfuladj.有技巧的；熟練的(〈美〉skillful)5.arrestvt.逮捕；吸引n.逮捕；拘留6.deletevt.刪；刪除7.dizzyadj.頭暈?zāi)垦５?；使人發(fā)暈或困惑的8.applaudvi.&vt.鼓掌歡迎；贊賞9.radioactiveadj.放射性的；有輻射能的10.academyn.學(xué)院；學(xué)會；學(xué)術(shù)團(tuán)體；院校11.craftsmanshipn.技藝；手藝；精工細(xì)作12.wrinklen.皺紋13.acuteadj.有觀察力的；敏銳的；嚴(yán)重的；深刻的14.acceleratevi.&vt.加速；促進(jìn)15.primitiveadj.原始的；遠(yuǎn)古的；簡陋的課外拓展延伸——詞形變換1.identifyvt.確認(rèn)；識別；鑒別→identityn.身份；一致；同一性→identificationn.辨認(rèn)；鑒定2.accurateadj.準(zhǔn)確的；精確的→accuracyn.精確；準(zhǔn)確→accuratelyadv.準(zhǔn)確地；精確地3.assumevt.假定；設(shè)想→assumingconj.假設(shè)→assumptionn.設(shè)想；假定；擔(dān)任4.sharpadj.鋒利的→sharpenv.(使)鋒利；尖銳；清晰→sharpenern.磨具；削具；鉛筆刀5.analysevt.分析→analysisn.分析→analyses(pl.)分析6.ripeadj.成熟的→ripenvt.&vi.使……成熟；成熟7.significancen.意義；意思；重要性；重要意義→significantadj.重要的8.dividev.分開；分割；劃分→divisionn.分割；劃分；分配；分界線Ⅱ.短語詞塊過關(guān)檢測課內(nèi)基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)——英漢互譯1.regardless__of不管；不顧2.at__most至多；最多3.cut__up切碎4.fed__up__with受夠了；飽受；厭煩5.look__ahead向前看；為將來打算6.date__from/back__(to...)追溯到；始于7.accelerate__her__walk加快她的步伐8.with__hunger因饑餓9.keepout關(guān)在門外；不準(zhǔn)入內(nèi)10.beawareof知道11.scareaway把……嚇跑12.with/inrelief輕松地；如釋重負(fù)地13.thesharpenedstonetools磨尖的石器14.fillinthechart填寫表格15.cometoaconclusion得出結(jié)論課外拓展延伸——英漢互譯1.without__interruption連續(xù)地；不斷地2.be__fed__up厭煩3.up__to__date最近的，新式的，現(xiàn)代的4.look__into往里面看；調(diào)查5.beinterruptedby被……打斷/阻斷6.ontheassumptionthat...假定……，假設(shè)……7.attach(great)significanceto認(rèn)為……(很)重要8.havenoalternativebuttodosth別無選擇只好做某事9.asregards/withregardto關(guān)于；至于10.Itisgenerallyassumedthat...普遍認(rèn)為……Ⅲ.句式過關(guān)檢測課內(nèi)基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)——補(bǔ)全句子1.快到達(dá)目的地的時候，一陣香氣撲鼻，她停下來，不往前走了。(haddone...when...)Shehad__almost__reached__her__destination__whenadelicioussmellarrestedherprogressandshestopped.2.很高興見到你們這些來自英國并且對考古學(xué)感興趣的學(xué)生。(pleasure)It__is__a__great__pleasure__to__meet__you__studentsfromEngland，whoareinterestedinarchaeology.3.她今年要是早有預(yù)見，計劃得更好些就好了！(ifonly)If__only__she__had__looked__aheadandplannedbetterthisyear!4.她突然坐了下來，結(jié)果被又笑又叫的妹妹露娜一把抱了起來。(onlytodosth)Abruptlyshesatdown，only__to__be__scooped__up__by__her__laughing，shouting__sister，Luna.課外拓展延伸——補(bǔ)全句子1.要是我們充分利用時間為考試做好準(zhǔn)備就好了。(ifonly)If__only__we__had__made__full__use__of__timetomakegoodpreparationsforthetest.2.為了幫助他們更好地了解我們的飲茶文化，我連續(xù)幾小時不間斷地向他們介紹了泡茶的歷史。(interruption)Tohelpthembetterunderstandourtea－drinkingculture，Iintroduced__the__history__of__tea－making__to__them__for__several__hours__without__interruption.3.同時，那些持相反觀點(diǎn)的志愿者認(rèn)為，他們已經(jīng)厭倦了地球上的生活，渴望到火星居住。(fedupwith)Inthemeantime,thosevolunteersholdtheoppositeviewthatthey____are__fed__up__with__the__earth__life__and__eager__for__living__on__the__Mars.4.中國飲茶文化源遠(yuǎn)流長，可以追溯到1000多年前。(date)Chinesetea－drinkingculturehasalonghistorywhichdates__from/back__to__more__than__1，000__years__ago.Part3層級式精練——單元要點(diǎn)全練通1.alternative用法個個清——猜詞義/練用法/寫美句①(江蘇卷)Thedisappearanceofdinosaursisnotnecessarilycausedbyastronomicalincidents.Butalternativeexplanationsarehardtofind.adj.其他的②Wehadnoalternativebutto__take(take)immediateactiontostoppollution.③Failureisthemotherofsuccess.Sometimes，inordertosucceed，wehavenochoicebuttofacefailurebravelyandlearnfromit.→Failureisthemotherofsuccess.Sometimes，inordertosucceed，wehavenoalternativebuttofacefailurebravelyandlearnfromit.2.assume用法一遍過——練用法/寫美句①(2020·天津5月卷)Myimmediatereactionwasto__assume(assume)Iwaslisteningtosomeoneelse’srecording.②(江蘇卷)Itwas__assumed(assume)thatthosepeopleforwhomtheroleofvolunteerwasmostpartoftheirpersonalidentitywouldalsobemostlikelytocontinuevolunteerwork.③Peopleassumethatwhattheydohaslittleeffectontheenvironment.→It__is__assumed__thatwhattheydohaslittleeffectontheenvironment.(用it作形式主語改寫)3.significance用法多棱鏡——猜詞義/練用法/寫美句①(2020·全國卷Ⅱ)Thisiswhydecoratingwithplants，fruitsandflowerscarriesspecialsignificance.n.意義②Astimegoesby，Iattachmoregreatsignificancetodoing(do)whatIamdoingnow.③(全國卷Ⅱ)Dunnbelievesthatpeoplewhoreachouttostrangersfeelasignificantly(significant)greatersenseofbelonging，abondwithothers.④(2020·全國卷Ⅱ書面表達(dá))這種采摘水果的經(jīng)歷對我們很有意義，教會了我們勞動的重要性。Thisfruit－pickingexperienceis__of__great__significance__to__usandteachesustheimportanceoflabor.(beof＋抽象名詞)4.date短語一網(wǎng)收——練用法/寫美句①TheDragonBoatFestival，whichdates(date)backtotheWarringStatesPeriods，isoneofthefourmostimportantfestivalsinChina.②Agreatmanyvisitorswereveryinterestedinthetraditionsdating(date)fromthe15thcentury.③Everyoneshouldkeepongettinghimselfeducatedsoastobeuptodatewithmoderntechnology.④這項(xiàng)活動可以追溯到2000多年前。Thisactivitycandate__back__to/from__more__than__2，000__years__ago.5.“ifonly”用法面面觀——練用法/寫美句①IfonlyIhad(have)enoughmoneytobuyasportscar.②Ifonlythewholefamilycould__be__united(unite)duringtheSpringFestival!③要是我沒有放棄那次進(jìn)一步學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會就好了。If__only__I__hadn’t__given__upthechancetostudyfurther.④只有每個人關(guān)注我們的環(huán)境，我們的地球才不會被污染得那么嚴(yán)重。Onlyifeveryonecaresaboutourenvironmentcan__our__earth__not__be__pollutedsomuch.6.“onlytodo”句型薈萃——練用法/寫美句①(2020·浙江7月卷)Iturnedbacktothetractoronlyto__see(see)itmovesuddenlyawayfromme.②Theircarwascaughtinatrafficjam，thuscausing(cause)thedelayofthemeeting.③他匆忙趕到機(jī)場，卻被告知那位電影明星已經(jīng)離開了。Hehurriedtotheairport，only__to__be__toldthatthefilmstarhadleft.維度一詞形變化練1.(2019·江蘇卷)Humankindpaidforitsbroadvisionandskillful(skill)handswithbackachesandpainfulnecks.2.(全國卷Ⅱ)Interruptions(interrupt)areoneoftheworstthingstodealwithwhileyou’retryingtogetworkdone.3.Scientistshave__identified(identify)morethanfortychemicalsintobaccosmokethatcausecancerinhumansandanimals.4.Withhishelp,we’velearnedhowtoanalyze(analysis)andsettleproblems.5.Theroomissomessy(mess)becauseIcanhardlysparetimetoclearitupthoroughly.6.Astheoldsayinggoes，“Aworkmanmustsharpen(sharp)histoolsifheistodohisworkwell.”7.Itisimpossibletosaywithaccuracy(accurate)howmanypeopleareinneedofhelp.8.Theriverformsthedivision(divide)betweentheoldandnewpartsofthecity.維度二固定用法練1.Shehadalmostreachedherdestinationwhensomethingarrestedherattentionandshebrakedsharply.2.Forestelephants，asthenamesuggests，liveintropicalforestsandhavestraighttrunksandroundedears.3.I’mfedupwiththisuncomfortableweather；it’shightimewehad/shouldhavesomesunshine.4.Theysandbaggedtheirhomestokeepoutfloods.5.Lookingahead，weshouldbefilledwithconfidence.6.MissZhangtreatsthechildrenequally，regardlessoftheirfamilybackgrounds.7.Mothercutupthebigcakeandgaveeverybodypresentatthepartyaslice.8.Idon’thavemuchmoneywithme，soIcanlendyoufiftydollarsatmost.維度三語境辨義練■熟詞生義——根據(jù)語境寫出加黑詞的詞性和詞義1.(全國卷Ⅲ)ThisdelicioustourgoesthroughthecityonitswaytoTreasureIslandwherewewillstopatthefamousWinerySF.adj.令人愉快的2.Astheabovepictureshows，ifeveryoneofussuccessfullyassumesourresponsibility，ourearthwillbecomealovelyhomeforhumanbeing.vt.承擔(dān)■一詞多義——根據(jù)語境選出arrest的含義A.vt.逮捕B.vt.吸引C.n.逮捕；拘留；監(jiān)禁1.(江蘇卷)Shewasputunderhousearresttwoyearsagobutremainedapowerfulsymbolinlastyear’selection.C2.Theescapedprisonergotarrestedimmediatelyheturnedupattherailwaystationandwassenttoprisonagain.A3.Arrestedbythelatestelectronictoys，thelittleboystoodinthefrontofthewindowswithoutmoving.B人與社會——?dú)v史、社會與文化用本單元詞匯、句式和語法知識完成作文假設(shè)你是李華，你所在班級對是否應(yīng)該耗費(fèi)精力和時間考古進(jìn)行了辯論。你寫信給你的好友Jack介紹此次辯論，內(nèi)容如下：1.辯論內(nèi)容和你的觀點(diǎn)；2.考古的貢獻(xiàn)和意義。DearJack，I’mwritingtosharewithyouthedebateabout1.whether__time__and__energy__should__be__spent__on__archaeological__work(是否應(yīng)該耗費(fèi)精力和時間考古).Personally，Iapplaudfortheviewthatweshoulddoresearchontheancientcivilization.Firstofall，asisknown，itistheancientpeople’susingstonestomaketoolsanddrillingwoodstomakefire2.that__bring__about__today’s__civilization(帶來了今天的文明).Moreimportantly，therearemanyamazinginventionsthat3.date__back__to__the__ancient__times(可以追溯到古代).Ifonlywecouldfindouthowtheycameintobeing，whichwill4.be__of__great__significance__to__today’s__life(對今天的生活有重大意義).Yours，LiHuaPart4配餐式作業(yè)——高考題型精準(zhǔn)練(限時30分鐘)Ⅰ.完形填空(2022·昆明市“三診一?！备呖寄M)Over48，000orangetreesspreadallcornersofSeville,Spain.Theynotonlyfillthecity’sairwiththe__1__smelloforangeflowersinspring,butalso__2__over16，500tonsoffruiteverywinter.ThoughthatgivesSevillethe__3__ofbeingEurope’stoporange－producingcity,thefruitistoosourtobe__4__fresh.Whilesomeorangesareusedtomakejamandalcohol,mostofthem__5__landfills(垃圾填埋場).Orangesarea__6__forthecity.However,thatmaychangesoonthankstoanideaofusingtheorangestoproducecleanenergy__7__.Theprogramis__8__bythecity’scouncilandparksdepartment.Juice__9__fromorangeswillbelefttoferment(發(fā)酵)inanexistingbiogasequipment.Thegasreleasedfromthefermentedliquidwillbeusedto__10__amachinetoproducecleanenergy.Theofficialsthinkit’snotjustabout__11__moneyandtheysayorangesare__12__producingextravaluefromwaste.Inthefirstperiodofa(n)__13__，1，000kilosoforangesproduced50kw/hofcleanenergy—enoughto__14__thedailyelectricityneedsoffivehomes.Ifit’s__15__，by2023,thecityhopestorecyclealltheoranges.Ifallthefruitis__16__，itwillproduceenoughenergytopowerasmanyas73，000people.Thisprojectwillhelptoreachthe__17__ofreducingpollutionandthefightagainstclimatechange.Thelatest__18__isamongthemanyplansacrossSpainto__19__thecountry’sgoalofswitchingitselectricitysystemto__20__sourcesby2050.【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。西班牙城市塞維利亞的各個角落里種了很多橙子樹。由于果實(shí)很酸，大部分都進(jìn)入垃圾填埋場了。然而，由于使用橙子生產(chǎn)清潔能源想法的出現(xiàn)，情況發(fā)生了變化。1.A.pleasant B.naturalC.familiar D.strange答案A[橙子在春天會為城市帶來“宜人的”氣味。pleasant“令人愉快的，友好的”；natural“自然的”；familiar“熟悉的”。]2.A.attract B.distributeC.bear D.collect答案C[此處是橙子春天開花，冬天“結(jié)果”。attract“吸引”；distribute“分配；散布；分開”；bear“忍受；生孩子；結(jié)果實(shí)”。]3.A.moment B.prideC.state D.dream答案B[根據(jù)空后的“ofbeingEurope’stoporange－producingcity”可知，此處應(yīng)是這讓這座城市自豪地成為歐洲最大的橙子生產(chǎn)城市。]4.A.protected B.soldC.picked D.consumed答案D[根據(jù)“too...to...”結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)是這種水果太酸了，不能直接食用。consume“吃；喝；消耗”。]5.A.gobackto B.breakawayfromC.endupin D.giveinto答案C[根據(jù)空后的“垃圾填埋場”可知，此處是大部分橙子最終成了垃圾。gobackto“返回”；breakawayfrom“逃離，掙脫”；endupin“以……為結(jié)局，結(jié)束”；giveinto“屈服于”。]6.A.problem B.reliefC.bid D.strength答案A[根據(jù)空前的“垃圾填埋場”并結(jié)合空后的“However，thatmaychangesoon”可知，此處應(yīng)是橙子成了城市的問題。relief“救濟(jì)，減輕，解除，安慰”；bid“出價，投標(biāo)”；strength“力量”。]7.A.traditionally B.creativelyC.briefly D.slightly答案B[使用橙子生產(chǎn)清潔能源應(yīng)該是創(chuàng)造性的做法。traditionally“傳統(tǒng)地”；creatively“創(chuàng)造性地”；briefly“簡要地”；slightly“輕微地”。]8.A.conducted B.abandonedC.measured D.recorded答案A[根據(jù)空后的“bythecity’scouncilandparksdepartment”可知，此處應(yīng)是該項(xiàng)目是由城市委員會和公園辦來執(zhí)行。conduct“實(shí)施，執(zhí)行”；abandon“拋棄，放棄”；measure“測量”；record“記錄”。]9.A.purified B.soughtC.obtained D.discovered答案C[根據(jù)空前后信息可知，此處應(yīng)是獲得的橙汁會被用來在設(shè)備里面進(jìn)行發(fā)酵。purify“凈化，使純凈”；seek“尋找”；obtain“獲得”；discover“發(fā)現(xiàn)”。]10.A.fix B.driveC.wash D.design答案B[此處應(yīng)是從液體中釋放出來的氣體將會為一個機(jī)器提供動力以生產(chǎn)清潔能源。fix“修理”；drive“為(車輛或機(jī)器)提供動力”；wash“洗”；design“設(shè)計”。]11.A.spending B.earningC.counting D.saving答案D[根據(jù)空后的“and”和“producingextravaluefromwaste”可知此處應(yīng)是這不僅“省”錢。spend“花費(fèi)”；earn“掙得”；count“重要，認(rèn)為”；save“節(jié)約”。]12.A.urgently B.occasionallyC.extremely D.actually答案D[此處是“實(shí)際上”，橙子是在從廢物中生產(chǎn)額外的價值。urgently“緊急地”；occasionally“偶爾地”；extremely“極其，極端地”；actually“實(shí)際上”。]13.A.experiment B.experienceC.competition D.performance答案A[根據(jù)第18空后的“themanyplans”可知，此處應(yīng)是“實(shí)驗(yàn)”的第一階段。experiment“實(shí)驗(yàn)”；experience“經(jīng)歷”；competition“競爭”；performance“表演，演出”。]14.A.expand B.satisfyC.survey D.remove答案B[根據(jù)空前后信息可知，此處應(yīng)是足夠“滿足”五個家庭的日常用電需要。expand“擴(kuò)大”；satisfy“滿足”；survey“調(diào)查”；remove“移開”。]15.A.complex B.flexibleC.successful D.simple答案C[根據(jù)空后的“by2023，thecityhopestorecyclealltheoranges”可知，此處應(yīng)是實(shí)驗(yàn)“成功的”話，到2023年城市希望回收所有的橙子。complex“復(fù)雜的”；flexible“靈活的”；successful“成功的”；simple“簡單的”。]16.A.displayed B.orderedC.eaten D.recycled答案D[此處應(yīng)是如果所有的水果“被回收”，將會產(chǎn)生足夠73000人的用電量。display“陳列，展示”；order“命令，點(diǎn)菜”；recycle“回收利用，再利用”。]17.A.standards B.targetsC.conclusions D.agreements答案B[根據(jù)空后的“ofreducingpollutionandthefightagainstclimatechange”可知，此處應(yīng)是該項(xiàng)目有助于實(shí)現(xiàn)這些“目標(biāo)”：減少污染，抵御氣候變化。target“目標(biāo)”。]18.A.effort B.proofC.invention D.style答案A[此處表達(dá)的是在西班牙有很多計劃，其中最近的“努力”就是在2050年前將電力系統(tǒng)用電轉(zhuǎn)換為可再生能源。effort“努力”；proof“證明，證據(jù)”；invention“發(fā)明”；style“風(fēng)格，款式”。]19.A.oppose B.limitC.interrupt D.achieve答案D[根據(jù)空后的“goal”可知，此處是“實(shí)現(xiàn)”國家的目標(biāo)。oppose“反對”；limit“限制”；interrupt“打斷，插嘴”；achieve“實(shí)現(xiàn)”。]20.A.repeated B.readaptedC.renewable D.reserved答案C[根據(jù)上段中的“recycle”可知，此處應(yīng)是將電力系統(tǒng)用電轉(zhuǎn)換為可再生能源。repeated“反復(fù)的”；renewable“可再生的，可更新的，可繼續(xù)的”；reserved“保留的，預(yù)訂的”。]【詞匯積累】1.makejamandalcohol制作果醬和酒2.council/'ka?nsl/n.委員會，(郡、鎮(zhèn)等)政務(wù)會，地方議會3.biogas/'baI??ɡ?s/n.生物氣(尤指沼氣)4.producecleanenergy生產(chǎn)清潔能源5.power熟義：n.權(quán)力，勢力；影響力；能力；功力，動力生義：vt.向……提供動力Ⅱ.語法填空(2022·鄭州市第三次質(zhì)量預(yù)測)Six“sacrificialpits(祭祀坑)”，1.____________(date)backto3，200to4，000years，werediscoveredintheSanxingduiRuinssiteinGuanghan，SichuanProvince，inMarch，2021.Thebiggestpitamongthesix2.____________(be)19squaremeters，andthesmallestis3.5squaremeters.Someunearthedartifactsreflectpreviousfindingsin1986likebronzemasksandjades，butshapesofsomelarge－sizebronzeobjectshaveneverbeenseen.TheSanxingduiRuinssite，3.____________(consider)asoneofthemostimportantarchaeologicalsitesalongtheupperreachesoftheYangtzeRiver，coversanareaofabout12squarekilometers4.____________itscorezoneofanancientcitycoveringabout3.6squarekilometers.Itwasfirstfoundin1929.However，large－scaleexcavation(挖掘)onthesiteonlybeganin1986，whentwopits，widelybelievedforsacrificialceremonies，5.____________(discover)accidentally.Thenewdiscoverieswillhelptobetterunderstandmanyunexplainedfindingsin1986，6.____________thesimilarshapesandfindingsintheeightpits7.____________(basic)makesuretheirfunctionshouldbe“sacrificialpits”.AccordingtotheNationalCulturalHeritageAdministration，studiesoftheSanxingduiRuinssitewillbecomean8.____________(importance)projectinaprogramArchaeologyChina，9.____________triestoexplaintheoriginsofChinesecivilizationandhowdiverse10.____________(culture)communicateandcometogether.【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。主要講述了2021年3月在四川廣漢的三星堆遺址又發(fā)掘了6個祭祀坑、這些發(fā)現(xiàn)的意義和三星堆遺址的一些基本情況。1.dating[考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句的謂語動詞是werediscovered，該空在本句中應(yīng)為非謂語動詞，且date與其邏輯主語Six“sacrificialpits(祭祀坑)”之間為主謂關(guān)系，所以空處需要填dating。]2.is[考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該空為本句的謂語動詞，本句講到的是六個祭祀坑中最大的祭祀坑的概況，需要用一般現(xiàn)在時；主語Thebiggestpit為第三人稱單數(shù)，所以空處需要填is。]3.considered[考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句的謂語動詞是covers，該空在句中應(yīng)為非謂語動詞，且consider與其邏輯主語TheSanxingduiRuinssite之間形成了動賓關(guān)系，所以空處需要填considered。]4.with/including[考查介詞。此處表示“三星堆遺址占地約12平方公里，其主城區(qū)占地約3.6平方公里”，此處表伴隨，可填with構(gòu)成with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：with＋賓語＋賓語補(bǔ)足語；也可用介詞including表示“包括……在內(nèi)”，所以空處需要填with/including。]5.werediscovered[考查時態(tài)語態(tài)和主謂一致。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該空在句中作謂語，結(jié)合時間狀語in1986可知，本句需要用一般過去時；“兩個祭祀坑被發(fā)現(xiàn)”表被動；主語twopits為復(fù)數(shù)，所以空處需要填werediscovered。]6.and[考查并列連詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空前空后都是完整的句子，空處需要用連詞；此處表示“這些新的發(fā)現(xiàn)會幫助更好地理解1986年無法解釋的許多發(fā)現(xiàn)，并且8個坑相似的形狀和發(fā)現(xiàn)基本可以確定這些坑的功能就是祭祀”，前后句之間形成了并列，所以空處需要填and。]7.basically[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處修飾后面的動詞短語makesure，需要用副詞，所以填basically。]8.important[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處修飾后面的名詞project，需要用形容詞，所以填important。]9.which[考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該空引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句且指代先行詞在從句中作主語，所以填which。]10.cultures[考查名詞的數(shù)。culture作“文化”講時可作可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)空前面的diverse可知，空處需要用名詞復(fù)數(shù)，所以填cultures。]Ⅲ.短文改錯(2022·安徽省五校聯(lián)盟第二次質(zhì)量檢測)Chinesecalligraphyisoneofthemostimportanta