Unit2RobotsPart1清單式背誦——主干知識一遍過1.desiren.渴望；欲望；渴求，抱負(fù)(ambition)vt.希望得到；想要?haveastrongdesireeq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(todosth迫切想要,做某事,forsth渴望得到某物))(express/show)adesirethat...(should)do...(表示)希望……做……?desiretodosth渴望做某事desiresbtodosth希望某人做某事eg.AsfarasI’mconcerned，readingisavitalpartofmylife，foritsatisfiesmydesiretokeeplearning.(學(xué)校生活)在我看來，閱讀是我生活中至關(guān)重要的一部分，因?yàn)樗鼭M足了我不斷學(xué)習(xí)的愿望?！军c(diǎn)撥】desire不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。后接賓語從句時(shí)，從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞用“(should＋)動(dòng)詞原形”。2.satisfactionn.[U]滿意；滿足；[C]令人滿意的事物?withsatisfaction滿意地afeeling/senseofsatisfaction滿足感tosb’ssatisfaction＝tothesatisfactionofsb令某人滿意的是?satisfiedadj.(感到)滿意的；滿足的be/feelsatisfiedwith對……感到滿意?satisfyvt.使?jié)M意；使?jié)M足satisfyingadj.令人滿意的satisfactoryadj.令人滿意的eg.(2020·全國卷Ⅱ書面表達(dá))Whenwesawourfruitsoflaborwereloadedontothetruck，weallfeltsatisfiedandexcited.(活動(dòng)介紹)當(dāng)我們看到我們的勞動(dòng)成果被裝載到卡車上時(shí)，我們都感到滿意和興奮。3.testout試驗(yàn)；考驗(yàn)?testsbonsth在……方面測試某人teststhonsb/sth在……身上試驗(yàn)……testsbforsth為某事檢查某人?takeatestin/for參加……考試/測試4.alarmvt.使警覺；使驚恐；驚動(dòng)n.警報(bào)；驚恐；鬧鐘?inalarm驚恐地raise/soundthealarm發(fā)出警報(bào)；報(bào)警setthealarm定鬧鐘?alarmedadj.擔(dān)心的；害怕的bealarmedat/by對……驚恐/擔(dān)心bealarmedtodosth害怕做某事?alarmingadj.令人驚恐的eg.(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)Thebigdaycameatlast.Thealarmrangat6a.m.Thepairwentdownthestairsquietlytothekitchen.日子終于來了。鬧鐘在早上6點(diǎn)響了。兩人悄悄地走下樓去廚房。5.sympathyn.同情(心)feel/havesympathyfor...同情……winthesympathyof...得到……的同情insympathywith...同情……；贊成……；和……一致outofsympathy出于同情eg.(2022·廣州模擬)ThebestthingyoucandoforAshleyistotreatherwithkindnessandsympathy.你能為艾希禮做的最好的事情就是以善意和同情對待她。6.favourn.贊同，支持；恩惠，幫助；喜愛；偏愛，偏袒vt.支持；喜愛；偏袒?asksbafavour請某人幫忙dosbafavour＝doafavourforsb幫某人忙owesbafavour欠某人的人情?infavourof同意；支持；贊成inone’sfavour有利于某人；對……有利?favourableadj.贊同的；有利的；良好的favouriteadj.&n.特別喜愛(歡)的(東西)eg.(重慶卷書面表達(dá))You’veintroducedtwowaystosharebooks:wildreleaseandcontrolledrelease.Ofthetwo,thelatterwinsmyfavour.您介紹了兩種分享圖書的方式：自由分享和定向分享；在這兩種方式中，我喜愛后者。【同義】support，aid，approval，preference7.accompanyvt.陪伴；伴奏；附有；配有?accompanysb＝keepsbcompany陪伴某人accompanysbtosomeplace陪伴/陪同某人到某地?accompanysbat/onsth用某物為某人伴奏beaccompaniedby/with由……伴奏/伴隨?companionn.同伴；伙伴eg.(2019·北京卷書面表達(dá))I，accompaniedbysomeofmybestfriends，wenttothefarmlandinthesuburbsbybike.我在一些最好的朋友的陪伴下騎自行車去了郊區(qū)的農(nóng)田?！军c(diǎn)撥】一般不使用accompanysbtodosth表示“陪伴某人做某事”。8.ringup給……打電話?表示“給……打電話”的詞語有：ringsb(up)＝callsb(up)phonesb＝telephonesbgivesbaring/acall/atelephonecallmakea(phone)calltosb?“打電話”時(shí)常用的詞語有：get/have/receiveacallfromsb接到某人的電話ring/callback回電話answerthephone接電話ringoff/hangup掛斷電話holdon/hangon別掛斷9.turnaround轉(zhuǎn)向；回轉(zhuǎn)；翻轉(zhuǎn)；轉(zhuǎn)身eg.(2022·南京模擬)Weturnedaroundandfoundthegirlstrugglinginthelake,cryingforhelp.我們轉(zhuǎn)過身，發(fā)現(xiàn)那個(gè)女孩在湖里掙扎，哭著求救。10.declarevt.宣布；聲明；表明；宣稱declarefor/against聲明贊成/反對declarewaron/against向……宣戰(zhàn)declare...(tobe/as)...宣布……是……declaresthopen/closed宣布……開始/結(jié)束Itisdeclaredthat...據(jù)宣布……eg.TheDoubleNinthFestivalhasbeendeclaredChina’sdayfortheelderly.重陽節(jié)已被定為中國的老人節(jié)。11.envyvt.忌妒；羨慕n.羨慕；忌妒；羨慕或忌妒的人或事物?envysb(for)sth羨慕/忌妒某人有某物envysbdoingsth羨慕/忌妒某人做某事?feelenvyat/of...對……忌妒outofenvy出于忌妒withenvy妒忌(常作狀語)become/betheenvyof...成為/是……忌妒或羨慕的對象eg.(2022·沈陽模擬)Everyonewhoknewthemcouldnothelpenvyingthemfortheirhappylove.每一個(gè)認(rèn)識他們的人都禁不住羨慕他們幸福的愛情。12.leave...alone不管；別惹；讓……一個(gè)人待著；和……單獨(dú)在一起leavebehind遺留；把……拋在后面；超過leaveaside擱置一邊；不考慮leavefor動(dòng)身到leaveout省略；遺漏leaveabout亂丟；亂放leaveoff中止；中斷13.setaside將……放在一邊；為……節(jié)省或保留(錢或時(shí)間)setoff出發(fā)；動(dòng)身；引起，激發(fā)(尤指意外事件)；使爆炸；燃放(煙花等)setup建立；引起setdown寫下；放下setout(todosth)出發(fā)；開始(做某事)setabout(doingsth)開始；著手(做某事)eg.(全國卷Ⅲ書面表達(dá))Sincethenewstadiumwassetup，wehaveheldawiderangeofsportsevents.自從新體育場建成以來，我們舉辦了各種各樣的體育賽事。14.inall一共；總計(jì)aboveall首先；最重要的是(強(qiáng)調(diào)地位的重要性)atall根本(常用于否定句和疑問句)afterall畢竟；終究firstofall首先(強(qiáng)調(diào)順序)allinall總的說來eg.(2019·浙江卷)Allinall,wordsfailtoexpressmythankfulnesstoyou.(感謝信)總之，言語無法表達(dá)我對你的感激之情。15.boundadj.一定的；密切相關(guān)的beboundfor前往beboundtodo/be...一定或注定……beboundupinsth忙于某事beboundupwithsth和某事密切相關(guān)beboundbysth受某事約束eg.Solongasweholdfasttoouridealsandnevergiveup,weareboundtoachievesuccess.(演講稿)只要我們堅(jiān)持夢想、永不放棄，我們一定會(huì)取得成功。16.junioradj.較年幼的；資歷較淺的；地位較低的n.年少者；晚輩；等級較低者?bejuniortosb比某人資歷淺或年輕eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(?AisjuniortoBbytwoyears.,AistwoyearsjuniortoB.,AistwoyearsB’sjunior.,AisB’sjuniorbytwoyears.))eq\a\vs4\al(A比B,小兩歲)eg.(浙江卷書面表達(dá))WhenIwasinjuniorhigh，myEnglishwasnotsogood.(語言學(xué)習(xí))當(dāng)我在初中的時(shí)候，我的英語不是很好。17.talentn.天才；特殊能力；才干?showatalentfor表現(xiàn)出……才能haveatalentfor在……方面有天賦?talentedadj.有才能的，聰穎的betalentedin在……方面有天賦eg.(天津卷書面表達(dá))Iwouldliketoinviteyoutojoin，sinceIknowyouhavejustwonfirstprizeintheRoboticsCompetitionheldinyourinstituteandhaveshowngreattalentindesigningrobots.我想邀請你們加入，因?yàn)槲抑滥銈儎倓傇谀銈儗W(xué)院舉辦的機(jī)器人比賽中獲得一等獎(jiǎng)，并且在設(shè)計(jì)機(jī)器人方面表現(xiàn)出了巨大的天賦?！就x】talent的同義詞是gift;talented的同義詞是gifted。18.divorcen.離婚；斷絕關(guān)系vt.與……離婚；與……脫離?getadivorcefromsb＝divorcesb與某人離婚divorce...from...使……與……脫離?divorcedadj.離婚的，離異的；脫離……的bedivorcedfrom脫離……getdivorced離婚教材詞塊1.adeepvoice聲音低沉渾厚2.facialexpression面部表情3.feelembarrassed感到有點(diǎn)尷尬4.improvehissocialposition提高他的社會(huì)地位5.changehisattitude改變他的態(tài)度6.theamusedandsurprisedlook有趣而又驚訝的神情7.weepwithanger氣得直哭8.becompletelytransformed煥然一新9.disappearfromsight消失得無影無蹤10.norisktoClaire’smarriage不會(huì)危及克萊爾的婚姻11.explorefutureworlds探索未來世界12.inthepresentandthepast現(xiàn)在和過去13.abloodtransfusion輸血14.gainamaster’sdegreeinchemistry獲得化學(xué)碩士學(xué)位15.throughouthislife在他的一生中16.artificialintelligence人工智能教材佳句1.Assheturnedaround，therestoodGladysClaffern.(there完全倒裝)她剛一轉(zhuǎn)過身來，就看到格拉迪絲·克拉芬站在那兒。2.Whatasweetvictorytobeenviedbythosewomen！(感嘆句)受到那些女士的妒忌，這該是多么甜美的勝利??！3.Shewasn’tlikeGladysClaffern，oneoftherichestandmostpowerfulwomenaround.(同位語)她跟格拉迪絲·克拉芬不一樣，格拉迪絲是遠(yuǎn)近聞名的最有錢有勢的女人之一。Hewouldhavetoberebuilt—youcannothavewomenfallinginlovewithmachines.他還得做一番改造——總不能讓女人與機(jī)器相愛吧。句型公式|havesbdoingsthhavesbdoingsth的用法：(1)用于否定句中意為“不允許某人做某事”；(2)用于肯定句意為“讓某人做某事/讓某事發(fā)生”。(3)其他類似結(jié)構(gòu)：·havesbdosth讓某人做某事·havesthdone讓別人做某事；完成某事·havesbdone使某人遭遇(不幸的事)·havesthtodo有事情要做·havesthtobedone有事情要做(主語不做)①Hecouldn’thavehissonplayingcomputergamesallthetimeduringsummervacation.他不能容忍他兒子暑假期間一直玩電腦游戲。②I’msorrytohaveyouwaitingforsolong.非常抱歉讓你等了這么長時(shí)間。③Youhadbetterhaveyourselfloseweightbykeepingabalanceddiet.你最好通過均衡膳食來減肥。④Youhavemeworriedforamoment—Ithoughtyouweregoingtoresign.你可讓我擔(dān)心了一陣子，我原以為你要辭職呢。Part2學(xué)案式檢測——背誦效果速評估(限時(shí)20分鐘)Ⅰ.單詞過關(guān)檢測課內(nèi)基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)——英漢互譯1.desiren.渴望；欲望；渴求vt.希望得到；想要2.envyvt.忌妒；羨慕3.divorcen.離婚；斷絕關(guān)系vt.與……離婚；與……脫離4.boundadj.一定的；密切相關(guān)的5.part－timeadj.兼職的6.junioradj.較年幼的；資歷較淺的；地位較低的n.年少者；晚輩；等級較低者7.sympathyn.同情(心)8.staffn.全體員工；手杖9.clerkn.售貨員；職員；旅館接待員10.navyn.海軍；海軍部隊(duì)11.fictionn.小說；虛構(gòu)或想象出來的事12.bonusn.額外津貼；獎(jiǎng)金；紅利13.scanvt.細(xì)看；仔細(xì)檢查；粗略地看；瀏覽；掃描14.absurdadj.荒謬的；可笑的15.necklacen.項(xiàng)鏈16.overweightadj.超重的；體重超常的17.awfuladj.極壞的；極討厭的；可怕的；(口語)糟透的18.theoreticaladj.理論(上)的；假設(shè)的19.pilen.堆；摞；疊__vi.堆起；堆積__vt.把……堆起；積聚課外拓展延伸——詞形變換1.satisfyvt.滿足；使?jié)M意→satisfiedadj.滿意的→satisfyingadj.令人滿意的→satisfactionn.滿意；滿足；令人滿意的事物2.alarmvt.使警覺；使驚恐；驚動(dòng)n.警報(bào)；驚恐→alarmedadj.擔(dān)心的；害怕的→alarmingadj.令人驚恐的3.elegantadj.優(yōu)雅的；高雅的；講究的→elegancen.優(yōu)雅；高雅4.favourn.喜愛；恩惠vt.喜愛；偏袒→favouriteadj.最喜愛的→favourableadj.贊成的；有利的5.companyn.陪伴；伴隨→companionn.伙伴；伴侶；同伴→accompanyvt.陪伴；伴奏6.declarevt.宣布；聲明；表明；宣稱→declarationn.宣言；公告7.affectvt.感動(dòng)；影響→affectionn.喜愛；愛；感情8.talentn.天才；特殊能力；才干→talentedadj.有才干的；有才能的9.obeyvt.&vi.服從；順從→disobeyvt.&vi.不服從；違抗10.assessvt.評價(jià)；評定；估價(jià)；估計(jì)→assessmentn.評價(jià)；評定Ⅱ.短語詞塊過關(guān)檢測課內(nèi)基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)——英漢互譯1.in__all一共；總計(jì)2.test__out考驗(yàn)出；檢驗(yàn)完3.ring__up給……打電話4.turn__around轉(zhuǎn)身；翻轉(zhuǎn)5.set__aside將……放在一邊；為……節(jié)省或保留(錢或時(shí)間)6.reach__for伸手去夠7.orrather更確切地說8.leave...alone不管；別惹；讓……一個(gè)人待著；和……單獨(dú)在一起9.beboundto一定做……10.infavourof同意；支持；贊成11.facialexpression面部表情12.feelembarrassed感到有點(diǎn)尷尬13.changeone’sattitude改變某人的態(tài)度14.weepwithanger氣得直哭15.disappearfromsight消失得無影無蹤16.explorefutureworlds探索未來世界課外拓展延伸——英漢互譯1.desire__to__do__sth渴望做某事2.be/feel__satisfied__with對……感到滿意3.be__alarmed__at/by對……驚恐/擔(dān)心4.do__sb__a__favour/do__a__favour__for__sb幫某人忙5.be__accompanied__by/with由……伴奏/伴隨6.leave__for動(dòng)身到7.outofenvy出于忌妒8.setdown寫下；放下9.afterall畢竟；終究10.bejuniortosb比某人資歷淺或年輕11.showatalentfor表現(xiàn)出……才能12.holdon/hangon別掛斷Ⅲ.句式過關(guān)檢測課內(nèi)基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)——補(bǔ)全句子1.她剛一轉(zhuǎn)過身來，就看到格拉迪絲·克拉芬站在那兒。(there完全倒裝)Assheturnedaround，there__stoodGladysClaffern.2.受到那些女士的妒忌，這該是多么甜美的勝利?。?感嘆句)What__a__sweet__victorytobeenviedbythosewomen!3.她跟格拉迪絲·克拉芬不一樣，格拉迪絲是遠(yuǎn)近聞名的最有錢有勢的女人之一。(同位語)Shewasn’tlikeGladysClaffern，one__of__the__richest__and__most__powerful__women__around.4.他還得做一番改造——總不能讓女人與機(jī)器相愛吧。(havesbdoingsth)Hewouldhavetoberebuilt—you__cannot__have__women__falling__in__love__with__machines.課外拓展延伸——補(bǔ)全句子1.在我看來，閱讀是我生活中至關(guān)重要的一部分，因?yàn)樗鼭M足了我不斷學(xué)習(xí)的愿望。(desire)AsfarasI’mconcerned，readingisavitalpartofmylife，forit__satisfies__my__desire__to__keep__learning.2.當(dāng)看到我們的勞動(dòng)成果被裝載到卡車上時(shí)，我們都感到滿意和興奮。(satisfied)Whenwesawourfruitsoflaborwereloadedontothetruck，we__all__felt__satisfied__and__excited.3.我在一些最好的朋友的陪伴下騎自行車去了郊區(qū)的農(nóng)田。(accompany)I，accompanied__by__some__of__my__best__friends，wenttothefarmlandinthesuburbsbybike.

Part3層級式精練——單元要點(diǎn)全練通1.satisfaction用法個(gè)個(gè)清——練用法/寫美句①Ifyouarenotsatisfied(satisfy)withthewatchafteryougetit，youmaysimplyreturnitwithin30days.②(陜西卷書面表達(dá))MymothergavemeahugandIcouldseesatisfaction(satisfy)inhereyes.③Idon’tthinkyourdeliveryissatisfying(satisfy)，forIcan’tfindmoreinformationaboutshipmentafterMarch18th.④(2022·紹興模擬)“我通過了所有的考試。”他滿意地宣布。“I’vepassedallmyexams，”he__announced__with__satisfaction.2.desire用法一遍過——猜詞義/練用法/寫美句①(2020·天津7月卷)Greatnesscomesfromalastingdesiretoexplore.持久的渴望②(2019·全國卷Ⅲ)Publishersalreadyinbusiness，peoplewhowereownersofsuccessfulpapers，hadlittledesireto__change(change)thetradition.③Wedesirethatimmediatehelp(should)__be__given(give)tothelocalvillagerswhohavebeentrappedbytheflood.④既然你渴望學(xué)習(xí)中國文化，我認(rèn)為北京語言大學(xué)是你的理想去處。Sinceyou__have__a__strong__desire__to__learn__Chinese__culture，IthinkBeijingLanguageandCultureUniversityisanidealplaceforyou.3.favour用法多棱鏡——猜詞義/練用法/寫美句①(2019·天津卷)Opportunityfavoursthosewithacuriousmind.__vt.偏愛②經(jīng)理得知出席會(huì)議的人不贊成這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃很吃驚。Themanagerwassurprisedtolearnthatthepeoplepresentatthemeetingwerenotin__favour__of__the__plan.③Couldyouhelpmereturnthebooktotheschoollibrarytoday?→Couldyoudo__me__a__favour/do__a__favour__for__meandreturnthebooktotheschoollibrarytoday?4.accompany用法巧練通——猜詞義/練用法/寫美句①(全國卷Ⅲ)Teresapostedaphotoofthechancemeetingonasocialnetworkingwebsiteaccompaniedbythetouchingwords.vt.附有；配有②Heaccompaniedhisfathertothehospitaltoseewhatwaswrongwithhisstomach.③Children，whenaccompanied(accompany)bytheirparents，areallowedtoenterthestadium.④Nobodykepthercompanyduringthefestival.Theoldladyfeltlonely.→With__nobody__accompanying__herduringthefestival，theoldladyfeltlonely.(with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)；accompany)5.set短語一網(wǎng)收——練用法/寫美句①(2020·全國卷Ⅲ)Thenextmorninghehiredaboatandsetoutto__find(find)thewell－knownpainter.②Thepolicesetuproadblocksonroutesoutofthecity.③Itrytosetasideafewminuteseachdaytohelpmymotherdothehousework，thoughIamverybusy.④(浙江卷)有這些你收集的信息，你可以著手準(zhǔn)備你的商業(yè)計(jì)劃了。Armedwiththeinformationyouhavegathered，youcanset__about__preparing/set__out__to__prepare__your__business__plan.6.“have＋賓語＋動(dòng)詞”句型薈萃——練用法/寫美句①(北京卷書面表達(dá))Iwon’thaveyoumaking(make)thesamemistakeagainandagain.②(全國卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))Iintendedtotakeupapart－timejob，throughwhichIcanhavemyhorizonsbroadened(broaden).③(全國卷Ⅲ書面表達(dá))我剛剛發(fā)現(xiàn)那天下午我有一個(gè)重要的會(huì)議要參加。IhavejustfoundthatIhave__an__important__meeting__to__attendthatafternoon.維度一詞形變化練1.(2020·天津7月卷)I’veheardthatyouareatalented(talent)youngwoman，andIhavefoundyoucharmingandintelligentaswell.2.(2020·浙江1月卷)Theyofferedthedogsomeofherfavourite(favour)peanutbuttertreats.3.(2020·全國卷Ⅲ)Butlikeanyoneforwhomyoufeelaffection(affect)，customerscanalsodriveyoumad.4.Theywillaskyoutosigna__declaration(declare)allowingyourdoctortodiscloseyourmedicaldetails.5.Itistruethattheearth’sresourcesaredecreasingatanalarming(alarm)rate,soweshouldmakegooduseofthem.6.Theyoungladydressedelegantly(elegant)whenshewenttowork.7.Anassessment(assess)isaconsiderationofsomeoneorsomethingandajudgmentaboutthem.維度二固定用法練1.Onhearingthevoice，Davidturnedaround，onlytofindthatthespeakerwasoneofhisclassmates.2.Iwisheveryonewouldstopinterferingandjustleavemealone.3.Mydaughtershowedalotofsympathyforthepeoplewhowerebeggingfromthepassingshoppers.4.Somereportersandinvitedguestswerepermittedtotestoutthenewsystem.5.WhenMaryconductedtheeveningpartyonthestage，hercolleagueslookedatherwithenvy.6.ThePublicSquareisaneye－catchingsightofthecity.Therestands(stand)astonesculptureofafamoushistoricalfigure.7.Thereareseveralpeoplejuniortomeinmycompany，butIstillshowrespectforthem.8.Childrenareboundto__meet(meet)withsetbacksastheygrowup，sotheirparentsdon’thavetoworryaboutit.維度三語境辨義練■熟詞生義——根據(jù)語境寫出加黑詞的詞性和詞義1.(全國卷Ⅰ)Thesewordsstillringtruetodayinmyroleasajournalist.link.被證明是2.(北京卷書面表達(dá))Ofthetwotrips，Ifavourtheformerone.vt.偏愛，喜歡3.(北京卷)Thenhepiledbranchesontopofhimself，likeablanket，tostayaswarmashecould.vt.堆起來■一詞多義——根據(jù)語境選出divorce的含義A.n.分離B.v.離婚C.v.使完全脫離；與……斷絕關(guān)系1.(山東卷)Hemarriedfivetimesanddivorcedfivetimes.Hehadfivechildrenbutspentlittletimewiththem.B2.Someofhisideasarecompletelydivorcedfromreality.C3.AsfarasIknow，thereisagrowingdivorcebetweenworkersandmanagement.A人與社會(huì)——科學(xué)與技術(shù)用本單元詞匯、句式和語法知識完成作文某英文報(bào)社Science欄目向中學(xué)生征文，主題為“未來家用機(jī)器人”。請你展開合理想象用英語寫一篇文章投稿。Thoughitisdifficulttopredict1.what__future__household__robots__might__be__like(未來的家用機(jī)器人會(huì)是什么樣子)，I’dliketodescribehowamazingtheyare.2.You__will__be__alarmed__to__find(你會(huì)驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn))thattheywillbemorelikehumansthanmachines.Withtheirhelp，youwillbefreeofallhouseholdchores，suchascooking，washing，andcleaning.Moreimportantly，equippedwithanintelligentcomputerbrain，theywill3.help__you__set__aside__some__time__for__outdoor__exercise(幫助你留出一些時(shí)間進(jìn)行戶外運(yùn)動(dòng)).Whenaccompaniedbysuchhouseholdrobotsathome，theelderlymaynotfeellonely.Believeitornot，4.you__are__bound__to__have__a__desire__for__such__wonderful__household__robots(你一定會(huì)渴望得到這樣美妙的家用機(jī)器人).

Part4配餐式作業(yè)——高考題型精準(zhǔn)練(限時(shí)30分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2022·成都市高中畢業(yè)班第三次診斷)VATNAJ?KULLNATIONALPARK，ICELANDVatnaj?kullNationalParkishometooneofthelargestglaciersintheworldandtwoactivevolcanoes.It’sapopularplacetoexploreicecaves.Hereyoucanexperiencethebreathtakingviewsofwaterfalls，frozenriversandherdsofreindeerthroughcavetours，glacialhikesandJeepsafaris.Besttimetovisit：MaytoSeptember.ARCHAEOLOGICALRUINSOFLIANGZHUCITY，CHINADatingbackto5，300yearsago，theArchaeologicalRuinsofLiangzhuCityisconsideredasanimportantrepresentationofearlyurbancivilizationbasedonriceplantation.ThecityruinsshowthecontributionsmadebytheYangtzeRiverBasintotheoriginsofChinesecivilization.Besttimetovisit：MarchtoMay&Octobertomid－December.BAGAN，MYANMARLocatedonthebanksoftheAyeyarwadyRiver，BaganisthecapitaloftheancientBurmeseempireandfeaturesastunningrangeofworksofBuddhistartandarchitecture.Visitorscangetthebestviewsatsunrisebytakingahotairballoonrideandwitnesshundredsofarchitecturaltreasuresasfarastheeyecanreach.Besttimetovisit：NovembertoFebruary.JAIPURCITY，INDIAThewalledcityofJaipurisoneofthemostcolourfulcitiesintheworldandpartofIndia’sfamousGoldenTriangle.Thecityisfamousfornotonlyitspinkcolouredbuildings，butalsothehouses，shops，restaurantsandhotelswhichgiveyouafeastforcolours.Besides，youcanenjoythecity’slayout，busystreetsandlargepublicsquares.Besttimetovisit：NovembertoMarch.【語篇解讀】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了中外值得一游的四個(gè)著名的旅游景點(diǎn)，包括這些景點(diǎn)的地理位置、特色、最佳旅游時(shí)間等。1.WhichofthefollowingisbestrecommendedinApril?A.Bagan.B.JaipurCity.C.Vatnaj?kullNationalPark.D.ArchaeologicalRuinsofLiangzhuCity.答案D[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。將題干關(guān)鍵詞bestrecommendedinApril與文中四個(gè)景點(diǎn)的最佳旅游時(shí)間相對應(yīng)，由ARCHAEOLOGICALRUINSOFLIANGZHUCITY，CHINA部分尾句“Besttimetovisit：MarchtoMay&Octobertomid－December”可知，四月份是中國良渚文化遺址的最佳旅游時(shí)間。]2.WhatisspecialaboutBagan?A.Itfeaturesviewsofvolcanoes.B.Itisheavywithreligiousculture.C.Ithasahistoryofover5，000years.D.It’sknownforcolorfularchitecture.答案B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Bagan可定位至BAGAN，MYANMAR部分，根據(jù)該部分第一句可知，蒲甘以一系列令人印象深刻的佛教藝術(shù)和建筑為特色。據(jù)此可知，蒲甘的特別之處在于其濃厚的宗教文化。]3.Inwhichpartofamagazinecanyoumostprobablyreadthistext?A.Geography. B.Culture.C.Science. D.Environment.答案A[推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了中外值得一游的四個(gè)著名的旅游景點(diǎn)，包括這些景點(diǎn)的地理位置、特色、最佳旅游時(shí)間等，據(jù)此可以判斷，本文最有可能摘自雜志中的地理版塊。]【詞匯積累】1.glacial/'ɡle??l/adj.冰的，冰川的，由冰川形成的2.behometo是……的棲息地/產(chǎn)地3.datebackto追溯到；從……開始有4.civilization/s?v?la?'ze??n/n.文明；文明社會(huì)5.plantationn.種植園，大農(nóng)場6.layoutn.布局，安排，設(shè)計(jì)B(2022·成都市高三第二次診斷)Arobotwithasenseoftouchmayoneday“feel”pain，bothitsownphysicalpainandsympathyforthepainofitshumancompanions.Suchrobotsarestillfaroff，butadvancesinrobotictouch－sensingarebringingthatpossibilityclosertoreality.Sensorssetinsoft，artificialskinthatcandetectbothagentletouchandapainfulstrikehavebeenhookeduptoarobotthatcanthensignalemotions，AsadareportedFebruary15attheannualmeetingoftheAmericanAssociationfortheAdvancementofScience.Thisartificial“painnervoussystem”，asAsadacallsit，maybeasmallbuildingblockforamachinethatcouldultimatelyexperiencepain.Suchafeelingmightalsoallowarobotto“sympathize”withahumancompanion’ssuffering.Asada，anengineeratOsakaUniversity，andhiscolleagueshavedesignedtouchsensorsthatreliablypickuparangeoftouches.InarobotsystemnamedAffetto，anrealistic－lookingchild’shead，thesetouchandpainsignalscanbeconvertedtoemotionalfacialexpressions.“Atouch－sensitive，softmaterial，asopposedtoarigidmetalsurface，allowsricherinteractionbetweenamachineandtheworld，”saysneuroscientistKingsonManoftheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia.“Artificialskinallowsthepossibilityofengagementintrulyintelligentways”.Suchasystem，Asadasays，mightultimatelyleadtorobotsthatcanrecognizethepainofothers，avaluableskillforrobotsdesignedtohelpcareforpeopleinneed，theelderly，forinstance.“Butthereisanimportantdistinctionbetweenarobotthatrespondsinapredictablewaytoapainfulstrikeandarobotthat’sabletocomputeaninternalfeelingaccurately，”saysDamasio，aneuroscientistalsoattheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia.“Arobotwithsensorsthatcandetectthetouchandpainisalongthelinesofhavingarobot，forexample，thatsmileswhenyoutalktoit”，Damasiosays.“It’sadeviceforcommunicationofthemachinetoahuman.Whilethat’saninterestingdevelopment，it’snotthesamethingasarobotdesignedtocomputesomesortofinternalexperience，”hesays.【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。能“感覺”痛的機(jī)器人依然離我們很遠(yuǎn)，但機(jī)器人觸摸傳感技術(shù)的進(jìn)步使這種可能性更接近于現(xiàn)實(shí)。本文介紹了機(jī)器人觸摸傳感技術(shù)方面的新進(jìn)展。4.Whatdoweknowaboutthe“painnervoussystem”？A.ItisnamedAffettobyscientists.B.Itisasetofcomplicatedsensors.C.Itisabletosignaldifferentemotions.D.Itcombinessensorsandartificialskin.答案D[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容尤其是“Sensorssetinsoft，artificialskin...canthensignalemotions”可知，該系統(tǒng)含有傳感器和人造皮膚。]5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“converted”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Delivered. B.Translated.C.Attached. D.Adapted.答案B[詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞所在句并結(jié)合語境可知，這些觸摸和疼痛信號將轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閹Ц星榈拿娌勘砬?。]6.WhatdoesDamasioconsiderasaninterestingdevelopment?A.Robotscansmilewhentalkedto.B.Robotscantalktohumanbeings.C.Robotscancomputeinternalfeelings.D.Robotscandetectpainandrespondaccordingly.答案D[推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Arobotwithsensors...smileswhenyoutalktoit”可推知，“aninterestingdevelopment”指機(jī)器人可以檢測疼痛并作出相應(yīng)反應(yīng)。]7.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.MachinesBecomeEmotionalB.RobotsInchtoFeelingPainC.HumanFeelingsCanBeFeltD.NewDevicesTouchYourHeart答案B[主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容尤其是第一段可知，本文主要說明，機(jī)器人觸摸傳感技術(shù)的進(jìn)步使能“感覺”痛的機(jī)器人更接近于現(xiàn)實(shí)。]【詞匯積累】1.companionn.伙伴，同伴2.ultimatelyadv.最后，最終3.sympathize/'s?mp?θa?z/v.同情，贊同4.pickup熟義：撿起生義：接收(信號、圖像等)5.computev.計(jì)算，估算6.hookupto接通7.asopposedto(表示對比)而，相對于Ⅱ.七選五(2022·臨沂市高三一模)Asweknow,mentalhealthisinaworsesituationamongyoungpeopleglobally.__1__Thisnotonlylowersqualityoflife,buthasanegativeimpactonateenager’sgrowth.Togetattherootcausesofthisdecline,agroupofscientistsconductedastudyandfoundthecombinationofhighscreentimeandlow“greentime”greatlyaffectsmentalwell－being.Childrennowadaysspendmoretimethaneverinfrontofelectronicdevices.Theaveragedailyscreentimefor8－to18－year－oldswas7.5hoursintheU.S.tenyearsago.Asthestudystates，“Thisgreatlygoesaboveguidelinesof2hoursperday.”Nowtheconditionisworsebythefactthatsomanyschoolsareusingtechnologytoteachclasses.Indeedsomescreentimecanpromoteconnectionsandenabletaskstobedonemoreefficiently.__2__Inadditiontotroublingnervestimulation，toomuchscreentimetakestheplaceofimportantprotectivebehaviorsformentalhealthsuchasphysicalactivity,gettingadequatesleep,andacademicactivities.Thestudyauthorssuggestthatgreentimecouldactasacureforscreentime,essentiallybalancingitsnegativeeffects.__3__Theattentionsystemscanberestoredinnaturalenvironmentwhentheyarewornout,becausetheyemployinvoluntaryattentionthere,whichisnottiringoreffortful.__4__Thegreatnaturecouldpotentiallyfunctionasapsychologicalwell－beingpromotionintervention(干預(yù))forchildrenandteenagersinahigh－techera.Thisknowledgecouldbeaguidetopublichealthdepartmentsthatarestrugglingtorestorehappinessandcheerincountlessanxiousteenagers.__5__A.Teenagersurgentlyneedmoregreentime.B.Screen－basedtechnologymakeskidslessattentive.C.Thefrequencyofdepressionandanxietyisincreasing.D.Therearemanymoreways,nevertheless,inwhichitisharmful.E.Itsuggestsmoreoutdoorprojectslikebuildingparkscouldbefundamental.F.Payingconstantdirectedattentiontoscreenscanraisedirectedattentiontiredness.G.Thisstudyhighlightsthatnaturemaycurrentlybeapotentialpublichealthresource.【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。因電子設(shè)備的大量使用，全球的年輕人正在面臨嚴(yán)重的精神健康問題。一項(xiàng)研究表明，親近大自然能夠幫助青少年有效解決心理問題。1.C[過渡銜接句?？涨爸v全球年輕人的精神健康處于一種很差的狀態(tài)中；空后講這不僅會(huì)降低生活質(zhì)量