2025年考研英語（一）閱讀理解推理判斷題技巧訓(xùn)練試卷考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______模擬試卷閱讀下面的文章，回答問題。Inthedigitalage,theboundariesbetweenpublicandprivatelifehavebecomeincreasinglyblurred,largelyduetothepervasivenatureofsocialmediaandinstantcommunicationtools.Whilethesetechnologiesofferunprecedentedopportunitiesforconnectionandinformationsharing,theyalsoposesignificantchallengestomaintainingprivacyandpersonalautonomy.Theveryactofbroadcastingone'sthoughts,activities,andlocationsonlineoftencreatesadigitalfootprintthatcanbedifficult,ifnotimpossible,toeraseentirely.Thisphenomenonraisesprofoundquestionsaboutthecostsofdigitalinterconnectednessandthepotentialerosionofindividualprivacyinthe21stcentury.Oneoftheprimaryconcernsisthecommodificationofpersonaldata.Platformsthathostsocialmediaandonlineinteractionscollectvastamountsofuserdata,frombrowsinghabitsandsearchqueriestosocialconnectionsandpersonalcommunications.Thisdataisoftenanalyzedandmonetized,usedtotargetadvertisementsorsoldtothirdpartiesforvariouspurposes.Individualsfrequentlylacktransparencyregardinghowtheirdataiscollected,used,andshared,andtheyoftenhavelimitedcontroloverit.Theopacityofdatapracticescanleaveusersfeelinglikepassiveparticipantsinasystemoverwhichtheyhavelittleinfluence,highlightingapowerimbalancebetweenindividualsandlargetechnologycorporations.Furthermore,thepressuretomaintainacuratedonlinepersonacanleadtosignificantpsychologicaldistress.Usersoftenfeelcompelledtopresentanidealizedversionofthemselves,meticulouslycraftingtheirdigitalpresencetoalignwithsocietalexpectationsorpersonalaspirations.Thisperformativeaspectofsocialmediacanfosterasenseofinadequacyandanxiety,asindividualscomparetheircarefullyconstructedlivestotheseeminglyperfectlivesofothersonline.Theconstantneedforvalidationthroughlikes,comments,andsharescanalsocontributetoaddictivebehaviorsandadistortionofself-worth,underminingmentalwell-beingintheprocess.Thephenomenonofdigitalsurveillancefurtherexacerbatesprivacyconcerns.Governmentsandcorporationsalikepossessthetechnologicalcapabilitytomonitoronlineactivitiesonamassivescale.Whilesuchsurveillancemaybejustifiedforsecuritypurposes,thepotentialforabuseissubstantial.Theknowledgeofbeingconstantlywatchedcanleadtoself-censorship,whereindividualsmodifytheirbehaviorandexpressionstoavoidscrutinyorpotentialnegativeconsequences.Thischillingeffectonfreespeechandself-expressionunderminesthefundamentalprinciplesofafreeandopensociety,wherediverseperspectivesandcriticalinquiryareessentialforprogress.Aswenavigatethecomplexitiesofdigitallife,itbecomesincreasinglyimportanttodevelopstrategiesforprotectingprivacyandmaintainingautonomyintheonlinerealm.Digitalliteracyplaysacrucialroleinthisregard;individualsneedtobeinformedaboutthetoolsandplatformstheyuse,thedatatheyshare,andtheimplicationsoftheironlineactions.Empoweringuserswithgreatercontrolovertheirdata,throughtransparentpoliciesandaccessibleprivacysettings,isalsoessential.Moreover,fosteringaculturalshiftthatvaluesprivacyandencouragesmindfulengagementwithtechnologycanhelpmitigatesomeofthenegativeimpactsofdigitalinterconnectedness.Ultimately,thechallengeliesinfindingabalancebetweenthebenefitsofconnectionandthepreservationofindividualprivacyinanincreasinglydigitalworld.問題：1.作者認(rèn)為數(shù)字時(shí)代公共與私人生活界限模糊的主要原因是______。2.文章指出，個(gè)人數(shù)據(jù)被商業(yè)化的一個(gè)主要問題是______。3.根據(jù)文章，社交媒體上的“表演性”可能對用戶的心理健康產(chǎn)生______的影響。4.文章提到數(shù)字監(jiān)控可能帶來的一個(gè)“寒蟬效應(yīng)”是______。5.針對數(shù)字生活中隱私保護(hù)的問題，作者提出了哪幾個(gè)方面的建議？6.下列哪項(xiàng)陳述最準(zhǔn)確地概括了文章的主要觀點(diǎn)？請解釋你的理由。a)數(shù)字技術(shù)雖然帶來了便利，但也威脅到了個(gè)人隱私和心理健康。b)社交媒體平臺通過收集和分析用戶數(shù)據(jù)來盈利，這侵犯了用戶的隱私權(quán)。c)政府和corporations的數(shù)字監(jiān)控活動(dòng)對自由言論和自我表達(dá)構(gòu)成了威脅。d)提高數(shù)字素養(yǎng)和賦予用戶數(shù)據(jù)控制權(quán)是保護(hù)在線隱私的關(guān)鍵。7.作者在討論數(shù)字監(jiān)控時(shí)，使用的論證方法是______。8.請分析文章中劃線短語“adigitalfootprintthatcanbedifficult,ifnotimpossible,toeraseentirely”的含義及其在文中的作用。請根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容回答以上問題。試卷答案1.社交媒體和instantcommunicationtools的pervasivenature*解析思路：文章第一段明確指出“theboundariesbetweenpublicandprivatelifehavebecomeincreasinglyblurred,largelyduetothepervasivenatureofsocialmediaandinstantcommunicationtools.”題目要求找出主要原因，直接定位該句即可找到答案。2.Individualsfrequentlylacktransparencyregardinghowtheirdataiscollected,used,andshared,andtheyoftenhavelimitedcontroloverit*解析思路：文章第二段的核心論點(diǎn)是關(guān)于數(shù)據(jù)商品化的擔(dān)憂。該段后半部分詳細(xì)闡述了這個(gè)問題：“Thisdataisoftenanalyzedandmonetized...Theopacityofdatapracticescanleaveusersfeelinglikepassiveparticipants...highlightingapowerimbalance...”題目問的是“一個(gè)主要問題”，這里的關(guān)鍵信息是用戶對數(shù)據(jù)收集、使用和分享缺乏透明度，且控制有限。3.negative*解析思路：文章第三段討論社交媒體的“表演性”（performativeaspect）。該段指出：“Thisperformativeaspectofsocialmediacanfosterasenseofinadequacyandanxiety...Theconstantneedforvalidation...canalsocontributetoaddictivebehaviorsandadistortionofself-worth,underminingmentalwell-beingintheprocess.”這些表述（不安全感、焦慮、成癮行為、自我價(jià)值扭曲、損害心理健康）都指向了負(fù)面的影響。4.self-censorship,whereindividualsmodifytheirbehaviorandexpressionstoavoidscrutinyorpotentialnegativeconsequences*解析思路：文章第四段討論數(shù)字監(jiān)控及其影響。該段明確提到：“Theknowledgeofbeingconstantlywatchedcanleadtoself-censorship,whereindividualsmodifytheirbehaviorandexpressionstoavoidscrutinyorpotentialnegativeconsequences.”題目要求解釋“寒蟬效應(yīng)”（chillingeffect），直接定位該定義性描述即可。5.Developingstrategiesforprotectingprivacy,includingfosteringdigitalliteracy,empoweringuserswithgreatercontrolovertheirdata,andencouragingmindfulengagementwithtechnology*解析思路：文章最后一段是建議部分。該段開頭即提出：“Aswenavigatethecomplexitiesofdigitallife,itbecomesincreasinglyimportanttodevelopstrategiesforprotectingprivacyandmaintainingautonomy...”后面具體闡述了策略：“Digitalliteracyplaysacrucialrole...Empoweringuserswithgreatercontrol...andfosteringaculturalshiftthatvaluesprivacyandencouragesmindfulengagement...”將這幾方面的建議概括即可。6.a)數(shù)字技術(shù)雖然帶來了便利，但也威脅到了個(gè)人隱私和心理健康。*解析思路：文章整體上是在探討數(shù)字互聯(lián)性（由數(shù)字技術(shù)驅(qū)動(dòng)）帶來的好處與壞處。開頭提到便利性，但隨后連續(xù)幾段（數(shù)據(jù)商業(yè)化、心理影響、數(shù)字監(jiān)控）都在論述其帶來的隱私和心理健康方面的威脅。選項(xiàng)a最能全面概括這種利弊并存且側(cè)重于弊的基調(diào)。選項(xiàng)b、c、d分別只概括了文章部分內(nèi)容，不夠全面。7.比較和對比(Comparisonandcontrast)*解析思路：文章第四段在論證數(shù)字監(jiān)控的“寒蟬效應(yīng)”時(shí)，將“theknowledgeofbeingconstantlywatched”（被監(jiān)控的狀態(tài)）與“self-censorship”（自我審查的行為）進(jìn)行了關(guān)聯(lián)，指出前者導(dǎo)致了后者。這是一種比較（監(jiān)控狀