（英語）中考英語英語閱讀理解匯編基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)題一、中考英語閱讀理解匯編1．閱讀理解

Longlongago,therewasasmallvillageinthemountains,andmanypeoplelivedthere.Mikewasoneofthem.Hewasamiddle-agedman.Thepeopleinthevillagealwayslaughedathim.TheylikedtoshowvisitorshowstupidMikewas.Theythoughtthiswasanamusingthingtodo.

Oneday,avisitorcametothevillage."Watchthis!"avillagersaidandcalledtoMike."Comeandplayagame,Mike."heshouted.Mikewalkedslowlytowardshim,withasillysmileonhisface."Look,Mike,"thevillagersaid,"Ihavegotsomethingforyou."HeshowedMikea$1coinandamuchlarger50￠（美分）coin."Whichonewouldyoulike？"heaskedMike,holdingthembothout.Mikeimmediatelytookthe50￠coin.Thevillagerlaughed."Seehowstupidheis!"hesaid,"Healwaysdoesthat.Howstupidheis!"Hewalkedaway,leavingMikewiththevisitor.

ThevisitorfeltsorryforMike."Mike,listen,"hesaid,"Althoughthe50￠coinisbiggerthanthe1coin,the1coinisworthmuchmore.Twiceasmuch.""Iknowthat,"Mikesaid,"ButtheveryfirsttimeItakethe$1coin,theywillstopplayingthegame."Mikewentawayandleftthevisitorinsilence.（1）Mikemaybeamanattheageof

.A.

10

B.

20

C.

40

D.

80（2）WhichisTRUEinthefollowingsentences？A.

Agroupofvisitorscametothevillage.

B.

Mikedidn'ttakethe$1coin.C.

AvisitorcametoplaychesswithMike.

D.

Mikerefusedtoplaythegame.（3）Afterthegame,howdidthevisitorfeelforMikeatfirst？A.

Sorry.

B.

Excited.

C.

Happy.

D.

Crazy.（4）WhydidMiketakethe50￠coin？A.

Heknewthevisitorverywell.

B.

Hedidn'tknowtheworthofit.C.

Helikedthepictureonit.

D.

Hewantedthegametobecontinued.（5）Infact,Mikewas

accordingtothepassage.A.

silly

B.

smart

C.

poor

D.

sick【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）A（4）D（5）B【解析】【分析】主要講了山莊里的人總是嘲笑Mike是愚蠢的。（1）細節(jié)題。根據(jù)Mikewasoneofthem.Hewasamiddle-agedman邁克就是其中之一，他是一個中年人，可知邁克大概40歲，故選C。（2細節(jié)題。根據(jù)HeshowedMikea$1coinandamuchlarger50￠（美分）coin."Whichonewouldyoulike？"heaskedMike，holdingthembothout.Mikeimmediatelytookthe50￠coin他給邁克看了一枚1美元的硬幣和一枚大得多的50美分硬幣，"你想要哪一個？"他問邁克，把他們兩個都舉了出來，邁克立即拿走了50美分的硬幣，可知邁克沒有拿一美元的硬幣，故選B。（3）細節(jié)題。根據(jù)ThevisitorfeltsorryforMike，可知來訪者為邁克感到難過，故選A。（4）細節(jié)題。根據(jù)Mikesaid，"ButtheveryfirsttimeItakethe1coin，theywillstopplayingthegame.邁克說，"但是當(dāng)我第一次拿1元硬幣的時候，他們會停止玩這個游戲，可推知邁克是為了一直玩這個游戲，故選D。（5）細節(jié)題。根據(jù)Iknowthat，"Mikesaid，"ButtheveryfirsttimeItakethe1coin，theywillstopplayingthegame我知道，"邁克說，"但是當(dāng)我第一次拿1元硬幣的時候，他們會停止玩這個游戲.可推知邁克是為了一直玩這個游戲才裝傻，但是其實他很聰明，故選B?！军c評】考查閱讀理解，主要考查細節(jié)題，注意從文中仔細尋找答案。2．閱讀理解

It'slateevening.SunTianisusinghersmartphonedoherhomework.The15﹣year﹣oldgirlfromZhejiangusesanapptoreadEnglisharticlesaccordingtoherteachersinstructions.

Thesedays,it'snormalforteacherstogivehomeworkonapps.Forexample,studentsareaskedtopracticeEnglishordomathexercises.SometeachersalsouseWechatchatgroupstogivehomework.Bunow,Zhejiangprovinceismovingtoban（禁止）teachersfromgivinghomeworkonmobileappsbecausetheyworryaboutstudents'eyesight.Morethan70percentofmiddleschoolstudentsinChinaarefoundtobenearsighted,accordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization.Usingmobilephonesforlongperiodsoftimeisbadforoureyes.

Dostudentsliketodotheirhomeworkontheirphones？ZhangHua,a13﹣year﹣oldboyfromFujian,saidhedoesn't."Sometimestheappscan'trecognizewhatI'mreadinginEnglish.Ihavetoworkonthemforalongtimetogetahighscore,"hesaid.Hesaidhiseyesighthasgottenworsesincehestartedusingappstodohishomework.

However,WangXidi,fromAnhui,15,enjoysdoinghomeworkonapps."Theappshavebigdatabases（數(shù)據(jù)庫）ofmathexercises！AndIcanrevise（修改）myanswerseasily,"Shesaid."ButthebadpartisthatIcan'thelpplayingwithotherappswhiledoingmyhomework."

ZhouTianyi,12,fromSichuan,alsothinksit'sfuntodohomeworkwithapps.Herteachersasktheirstudentstodub（配音）Englishvideosandmaketheirownshortvideos."ButifIhavetoomuchotherhomeworktodo,Ifeellikeit'stoomuchformetofinish,"shesaid.（1）FromParagraph2,weknowthat

.A.

allteachersmustgivehomeworkonmobileappsB.

it'sunusualforteacherstogivehomeworkonappsC.

usingmobilephonesforalongtimeisbadforoureyes（2）WangXidi

whiledoingherhomeworkonapps.A.

can'tplaywithotherappsB.

oftenplayswithotherappsC.

doesn'tplaywithotherapps（3）Accordingtothepassage,

doesn'tliketodohomeworkonapps.A.

ZhangHua

B.

WangXidi

C.

ZhouTianyi（4）Thetextismostprobablyfrom

.A.

anad

B.

anewspaper

C.

astorybook（5）What'sthebesttitleofthistext？A.

Protectingoureyes

B.

Playinggamesonaphone

C.

Doinghomeworkonaphone【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）A（4）B（5）C【解析】【分析】主要講了老師用手機上的應(yīng)用程序給學(xué)生布置作業(yè)。（1）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Usingmobilephonesforlongperiodsoftimeisbadforoureyes.長時間的使用手機對眼睛有害，故選C。（2）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ButthebadpartisthatIcan'thelpplayingwithotherappswhiledoingmyhomework.不好的地方是我在做作業(yè)的時候，不能在其他的app上玩了。故選A。（3）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ZhangHua，a13﹣year﹣oldboyfromFujian，saidhedoesn't.張華，福建的一個13歲的男孩，說他不這樣做，故選A。（4）推斷題。根據(jù)Thesedays，it'snormalforteacherstogivehomeworkonapps.這些日子以來，老師在app上布置作業(yè)是很普遍的，因此可以推知這篇文章有可能是選自報紙，故選B。（5）主旨題。根據(jù)Thesedays，it'snormalforteacherstogivehomeworkonapps.Forexample，studentsareaskedtopracticeEnglishordomathexercises.SometeachersalsouseWechatchatgroupstogivehomework.這些日子以來，老師在app上布置作業(yè)是很普遍的。例如，有的學(xué)生讓在app上練習(xí)英語或做數(shù)學(xué)作業(yè)，有的老師通過微信群布置作業(yè)，因此可知本文主要介紹了在手機上做作業(yè)的事情，故選C?！军c評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細節(jié)題、推斷題和主旨題三種?？碱}型，細節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息；主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。3．閱讀理解

Inyourschool,areyouallowedtochoosethesubjectsyouwanttolearn?Ofcourse,theansweris"No"hereinChina.

InAmericathereisaschooltryingsomethingnew.AtahighschoolinFlorida,studentswillbeabletochoosetheirownclasses.Weallknowthatsomestudentsarebetteratsomesubjectsthanothers.Somestudentsplantogoontocollege,whileothersdonot.Atthisschoolstudentsareabletofindsubjectstheyareinterestedin,andpossiblyevenfindthefield（領(lǐng)域）theywouldliketogointoafterfinishingschool.Theyareallowedtochooseasubjectlikebiology,math,aforeignlanguage,orstudyskillslikecarrepair（修理）.

Somepeoplethinkthisisagoodidea,becauseithelpsstudentsthinkaboutwhattheywanttodointhefuture,andtheschoolhelpstogivethemtheknowledgeandskillsneededtogetthere.Theysaythatgivingthestudentsthechancetochoosetheirownclassesmakeshighschoolmoreinteresting.Othersdisagree.Theythinkitwillmakeitdifficultforstudentstodiscoverdifferentpossibilities（潛力）.Theypointoutthatfourteen-year-oldteenagersaretooyoungtoknowwhattheywanttodointhefuture.

Whatdoyouthink?Wouldyouliketobeabletochooseyourownclasses?Manyusefulchangeshavebeenmadeineducation,butseeingthedifferencesineachstudentisalsoimportant.Howcanwehelpeachstudentbecomeabetterstudent?（1）Somepeoplethinkallowingstudentstochoosetheirownclasseshelpsthem_________.A.

showhowsmarttheyareB.

knowdifferencesbetweenthemC.

preparefortheirfuturesD.

knowtheirdutiesinlife（2）Somepeopledon'tagreestudentsshouldchoosetheirownclassesbecausetheythink_________.A.

somestudentsaretoonervoustomakearightdecisionB.

somestudentsshouldn'tbeworkersinthefutureC.

somestudentscarelittleabouttheirownfuturesD.

somestudentsaren'toldenoughtoknowwhattheywanttodointhefuture（3）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.

AllthehighschoolsinFloridagivethestudentsthechancetochoosetheirownclasses.B.

Allthepeoplethinkallowingstudentstochoosetheirclassescanhelpthemfindtheirownpossibilities.C.

TheschoolinFloridahelpsstudentsbygivingtheknowledgeandskillstheywillneed.D.

Inthewriter'sopinion,it'snotimportanttoseethedifferencesineachstudentinschooleducation.（4）What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.

ChineseeducationB.

AnewwayofeducationC.

TochangeoureducationD.

Toimprovelearningskills【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介紹了美國的教育現(xiàn)象，學(xué)生可以自己選擇學(xué)習(xí)科目，而在中國不能，有人認為這種制度好也有人認為不好。（1）細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)Somepeoplethinkthisisagoodidea,becauseithelpsstudentsthinkaboutwhattheywanttodointhefuture,可知允許學(xué)生選課可以幫著孩子們?yōu)槲磥碜鰷?zhǔn)備，故答案是C。（2）細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)Theypointoutthatfourteen-year-oldteenagersaretooyoungtoknowwhattheywanttodointhefuture可知，不同意的人認為，孩子們太小不知道他們未來想做什么，故答案是D。（3）正誤判斷題，根據(jù)

Atthisschoolstudentsareabletofindsubjectstheyareinterestedin,andpossiblyevenfindthefield（領(lǐng)域）theywouldliketogointoafterfinishingschool.Theyareallowedtochooseasubjectlikebiology,math,aforeignlanguage,orstudyskillslikecarrepair（修理）.可知，佛羅里達的這所學(xué)校既讓學(xué)生們學(xué)習(xí)知識，也讓學(xué)生們學(xué)到技能，故答案是C。（4）標(biāo)題判斷題，根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，文章介紹了美國的教育方式，B選項最接近短文中心思想，故答案是B。????【點評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細節(jié)題、正誤判斷題和標(biāo)題判斷題幾種?？碱}型，細節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；正誤判斷題也屬于細節(jié)理解題，需要根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容進行正誤判定；標(biāo)題判斷題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想，最后凝練句式獲取答案。4．根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從各題所給的四個選項中選擇一個正確答案。

Ayoungcoupledecidedtogocampinginthemountainstocelebratetheirfirstyearofmarriage.Theytookwiththemallthethingstheywouldneedtogocamping—warmclothes,foodandatent.

Theywentuptothemountainsandfoundtheperfectplacetosetuptheirtent.Afterthat,theydecidedtogoforahike（遠足）toseemoreofthemountains.

Afteralonghike,theywentbacktotheircamp,builtafireandcookeddinner.Finally,itwastimetogotosleep,

Sometimeinthemiddleofthenight,thewifewokeherhusbandupandsaid,"Lookupatthesky.Whatdoyousee?"

Herhusbandanswered,"Iseemillionsofstars."

Hiswifesaid,"That'sright.Whatdoesthatmeantoyou?"

Thehusbandsaid,"Well,iftherearesomanystarsoutthere,thatmeanstheremightalsobeaplanetjustliketheplanetweliveon:Andifthat'strue,thentherecouldbelifeononeofthoseplanets,That'skindofexciting!"

Hiswifesaid,"Youarewrong.Itmeansthatsomeonehasstolenourtent!"（1）Theyoungcouplewenttothemountainsto_____________.A.

gofishing

B.

haveaparty

C.

gocamping

D.

celebratebirthdays（2）Beforegoinghiking,they______________.A.

builtafire

B.

setupatent

C.

wenttosleep

D.

cookeddinner（3）Thehusbandcouldsee____________inthesky.A.

manynicebirds

B.

lotsofplanes

C.

somedarkclouds

D.

millionsofstars（4）Thewifewantedtotellherhusband_____________________.A.

someonestoletheirtent

B.

thestarswerebeautifulC.

peoplelivedonotherplanets

D.

therewasaplanetliketheirs（5）Thebesttitleofthepassageis"______________________".A.

ABoringTrip

B.

AGreatPlanet

C.

AMissingTent

D.

APerfectNight【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）D（4）A（5）C【解析】【分析】本文講述一對年輕夫婦決定去山里露營慶祝他們結(jié)婚的第一年，半夜發(fā)現(xiàn)帳篷被偷了。（1）細節(jié)題。根據(jù)

Ayoungcoupledecidedtogocampinginthemountainstocelebratetheirfirstyearofmarriage可知一對年輕夫婦決定去山里露營，故選C。（2）細節(jié)題。根據(jù)Theywentuptothemountainsandfoundtheperfectplacetosetuptheirtent.Afterthat,theydecidedtogoforahike（遠足）toseemoreofthemountains可知去遠足之前，他們搭個帳篷，故選B。（3）細節(jié)題。根據(jù)Herhusbandanswered,"Iseemillionsofstars可知丈夫看到數(shù)百萬顆星星，故選D。（4）細節(jié)題。根據(jù)Itmeansthatsomeonehasstolenourtent可知妻子想告訴丈夫有人偷了他們的帳篷，故選A。（5）主旨題。根據(jù)本文講述一對年輕夫婦決定去山里露營慶祝他們結(jié)婚的第一年，半夜發(fā)現(xiàn)帳篷被偷了可知AMissingTent適合做標(biāo)題，故選C?！军c評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細節(jié)題和主旨題，細節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案，主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。5．閱讀理解

Haveyoueverhadthestrangefeelingthatyouwerebeingwatched?Youtumaroundand,sureenough,someonewaslookingrightatyou!Parapsychologists（Ry3）saythathumanshaveanaturalabilitytosensewhensomeoneislookingatthem.Toresearchwhethersucha"sixsense"reallyexists,RobertBaker,apsychologist（心理學(xué)家）attheUniversityofKentucky,didtwoexperiments.

Inthefirstone,Bakersatbehindunknowingpeopleinpublicplacesandstaredatthebacksoftheirheadsfor5to15minutes.Thesubjects（受試者）wereeating,drinking,reading,studying,watchingTV,orworkingatacomputer.Bakermadesurethatthepeoplecouldnottellthathewassittingbehindthemduringthoseperiods.Laterwhenhequestionedthesubjects,almostallthemsaidtheyhadnosensethatsomeonewasstaringatthem.

Forthesecondexperiment,Bakertoldthesubjectsthattheywouldbestaredatfromtimetotimefrombehindinalaboratorysetting.Thepeoplehadtowritedownwhentheyfelttheybeingstaredatandwhentheyweren't.Bakerfoundthesubjectswerenobetterattellingwhentheywerestaredatandwhentheyweren't.

Bakerconcludesthatpeopledonothavetheabilitytosensewhentheyarebeingstaredat.Ifpeopledoubttheoutcomeofhistwoexperiments,saidBaker,"Isuggesttheyrepeattheexperimentsandseeforthemselves（1）What'stheaimofthetwoexperimentsfor?A.

Provewhyhumanshaveasixthsense.B.

ExplainwhenpeoplecanhaveasixthsenseC.

ShowhowpeopleactwhilebeingwatchedinthelabD.

Studywhetherhumanscansensewhentheyarestaredat（2）Theunderlinedword"outcome"inthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans?A.

Value

B.

Result

C.

Performance

D.

Connection（3）Whatisthewritersopinionaboutthe"thesixthsense"?A.

Heisnotsureaboutit

B.

Heissurethatitdoesn'texist（存在）C.

Hewantsustofindouttogetherwithhim

D.

Heagreeswiththeparapsychologists（4）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.

Peoplearebornwithasixthsense.B.

theexperimentssupportparapsychologistsidea.C.

thesubjectsdonothaveasixthsenseintheexperiments.D.

peoplehaveasixthsenseinallplaces.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】本文主要講述了一位心理學(xué)家通過兩個實驗來驗證人們沒有第六感覺的事。（1）細節(jié)題。根據(jù)Toresearchwhethersucha"sixsense"reallyexists,RobertBaker,apsychologist（心理學(xué)家）attheUniversityofKentucky,didtwoexperiments為了研究這種“六感”是否真的存在，心理學(xué)家羅伯特·貝克（心理學(xué)家）在肯塔基大學(xué)做了兩個實驗，可知做這兩個實驗就是為了驗證人們是否能感覺到有人在看他們，故選D。（2）詞義猜測題。根據(jù)

Bakerconcludesthat貝克總結(jié)說，可知總結(jié)的都是結(jié)果，故outcome是result結(jié)果的意思，故選B。（3）推理題。根據(jù)Bakerfoundthatthesubjectswerenobetterattellingwhentheywerestaredatandwhentheyweren't貝克發(fā)現(xiàn)受試者并不擅長分辨何時被注視，何時沒有，可知作者對“第六感”有什么看法是他確信它不存在，故選B。（4）細節(jié)題。根據(jù)Bakerconcludesthatpeopledonothavetheabilitytosensewhenthey’rebeingstaredat.，可知受試者在實驗中沒有第六感，故選C?！军c評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細節(jié)題、推斷題，詞義猜測題，細節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息，詞義猜測題需要根據(jù)上下文提煉相關(guān)信息鎖定詞意。6．閱讀材料，然后從各題所給的四個選項中選出一個最佳答案。

MarkZuckerberg,whostartsthesocialnetworkFacebook,oftenwearsjeansandaT-shirttowork,includingtoimportantbusinessmeetings.Noteveryoneagreeswithhim.Somepeoplesayhedoesn'tlookseriousthisway.

HarvardBusinessSchoolresearcher,FrancescaGino,hasadifferentidea.Whilemostpeopleseemtothinkthatdressingdifferentlyfromthosearoundyougenerallyhasabadinfluence,shebelievesitcanactuallyhaveapositive（積極的）effect.Andshe'sdoneexperimentstosupportheridea.Whenherresearchers,wearingsportswear,visitedtheexpensiveshopsinItaly,theywereusuallyviewedaswealthierandmoreimportantpeoplethanthosewhowerewell-dressedindesignerclothes.

Dopeoplealwaysviewlessformal（正式的）clothingmorepositively?ResearchersinFrancetooktheirresearchoutintothestreet,tothegeneralpublic.Thevideotheymadeshowsanactordressedinawell-cutsuitandshinyshoes.Whilewalkingalongtheroad,hebeginstocoughbadly,stopstocatchhisbreathandfallsdown.Beforeheevencallsforhelp,peoplerushtohelphim.Inanothervideo,theactorappearsatthesamecrowdedplaceandrepeatstheactionsinexactlythesameway.Butthistime,noonecomestohelp.What'sthedifference?He'swearinguntidyclothesandlookslikeahomelessperson.Inasituationlikethis,theclothesyou'rewearingcouldmeanthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath.

Itseemsthatourclothingdoesn'tonlychangethewayothersviewus,butalsothewayweseeourselves.Inanexperimenttestingstudents'abilitytopayattentiontodetails（細節(jié)）,thegroupwearingwhitelabcoatsdidthebest.Why?Researcherstoldthemthattheywerewearingthedoctors'coats.Theexperimentdidn'tshowwhethersuchinfluenceswouldlastlong.Moreexperimentsareneededinthefuturebeforewedecidetomakethedoctors'coatsamustoffashion.（1）MarkZuckerbergisnotconsideredseriousbysomepeoplebecause________.A.

hedoesnotlistentoothers'adviceB.

hesetsupanetworkofvideogamesC.

hewearsjeansandaT-shirttoworkD.

heoftenplaysjokesatbusinessmeetings（2）WhichofthefollowingisGino'sopinionaccordingtoParagraph2?A.

Itisnecessarytobuyexpensiveclothes.B.

Wearinglessformalclothesisinfactgood.C.

Itisbadtodressdifferentlyfrompeoplearoundyou.D.

Wearingsportsclothesmakesyoulooklessimportant.（3）InParagraph3,thewriterproves（證明）his（her）opinionmainly.A.

bygivingreasons

B.

byusingpictures

C.

bycomparingfacts

D.

bylistingnumbers（4）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.

Whatwewearmakesadifference.B.

Formalclothingmakesawiseman.C.

Ourvaluedependsonwhatwewear.D.

Ourclothinginfluencesourcharacters.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）C（4）A【解析】【分析】文章大意：介紹了衣著對人們的影響。我們的衣著不僅改變了別人對我們的看法，而且也改變了我們對自己的看法。（1）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的語句MarkZuckerberg,whostartsthesocialnetworkFacebook,oftenwearsjeansandaT-shirttowork,includingtoimportantbusinessmeetings.Noteveryoneagreeswithhim.Somepeoplesayhedoesn'tlookseriousthisway.理解可知，Mark穿著牛仔褲與T恤衫參加正式會議，有些人認為他不嚴(yán)肅，故選C。（2）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的語句Whenherresearchers,wearingsportswear,visitedtheexpensiveshopsinItaly,theywereusuallyviewedaswealthierandmoreimportantpeoplethanthosewhowerewell-dressedindesignerclothes.理解可知，穿著非正式服裝其實挺好的，故選B。（3）理解歸納題。通讀第三段我們可以看出，作者通過兩個實例來證明人們不一定總是積極地看待不太正式的服裝，人們有時還是以“貌”取人，故選C。（4）理解歸納題。通讀全文可知，人們的穿著可以對自己或他人產(chǎn)生很大的影響，故選A?！军c評】考查閱讀理解。本文考查細節(jié)題和主旨題等?？碱}型，細節(jié)題要注意從文中抓住關(guān)鍵詞尋找答案；主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出主題句。7．閱讀下列短文，從各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項

Artificialintelligence（AI）（人工智能）istheabilityofacomputerprogramoramachine.ThecomputerorthemachinewithAIcanthinkandlearn.Itisalsoafieldofstudythattriestomakecomputers"smart".JohnMcCarthy,ascientist,cameupwith（提出）thename"artificialintelligence"over60yearsago.Manythingssuchaslearningandproblemsolvingcanbedonebycomputers,thoughnotinthesamewayaspeopledo.

AnunusualgoalofAIresearchistocreatecomputerprograms.Theycanlearn,solveproblems,andthinklogically（邏輯地）.Atpresent,Alcansuccessfullyunderstandinghumanspeech,recognizie（識別）humanfaces,operateself-drivingcarsandcompeteinsomegamesystemslikeplayingChess.However,Somepeoplealsoconsider（認為）AIadangertohumansifitdevelopstooquickly.AfamousBritishscientistalsowasnotforthiskindoftechnology.

MathisthebasiclanguageofAI.Ifstudentsaregoodatmath,theywillbemorelikelytobecomesuccessfulAIdesigners（設(shè)計者）inthefuture.Weneednotonlybrightstudents,butalsoaverage（普通的）students.Asfor（對于）averagestudents，iftheygetenoughmathskills,theycanalsobecomesuccessfulAIdesigners.Besides,agoodknowledgeofcomputerscienceisalsonecessaryforAIdesigning.

Scientistshopetocreatecreative（有創(chuàng)造力）andemotional（有感情的）AI.TheAIcanpossiblyunderstandhumanfeelingsorcreateart.Manywaysandtoolshavebeentriedtodiscoverthiswideandexcitingfield.（1）FromParagraph1,weknowthat_____.A.

allproblemscanbesolvedbycomputers.

B.

machineswithAIcanthinkandlearn.C.

AIhasbeenaroundforonly60years.

D.

AIworksinthesamewayaspeople.（2）Accordingtothepassage,whatcan'tAIdoatpresent?A.

Understandhunmanspeech.

B.

Operateself-drivingcars.C.

Competeinsomegamesystems.

D.

Understandhumanfeelings.（3）Theunderlinedword"it"inParagraph2refersto（指的是）

.A.

chess.

B.

ascientist.

C.

thedanger.

D.

AI.（4）Accordingtothepassage,ifstudentswanttobecomesuccessfulAIdesigners,theyshouldlearn

well.A.

mathandart.

B.

artandtechnology.C.

mathandcomputerscience.

D.

artandcomputerscience.（5）Paragraph4mainlytellsusthescientist

aboutAI.A.

wishes.

B.

worries.

C.

feelings.

D.

discoveries.【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）D（4）C（5）A【解析】【分析】本文介紹了人工智能的發(fā)展，最新的成果，以及設(shè)計師必備的技能。（1）細節(jié)題。根據(jù)ThecomputerorthemachinewithAIcanthinkandlearn，可知從第1段我們知道具有AI的機器可以思考和學(xué)習(xí)，故選B。（2）推理題。根據(jù)Scientistshopetocreatecreative（有創(chuàng)造力）andemotional,TheAIcanpossiblyunderstandhumanfeelingsorcreateart科學(xué)家們希望創(chuàng)造出富有創(chuàng)造性和情感的人工智能，它可能理解人類的情感或創(chuàng)造出藝術(shù)，可知目前AI不能理解人類的感受，故選D。（3）詞義猜測題。根據(jù)However,Somepeoplealsoconsider（認為）AIadangertohumansif

it

developstooquickly.然而，如果人工智能發(fā)展得太快，一些人也認為它對人類有危險，可知it指代AI，故選D。（4）細節(jié)題。根據(jù)iftheygetenoughmathskills,theycanalsobecomesuccessfulAIdesigners.Besides,agoodknowledgeofcomputerscienceisalsonecessaryforAIdesigning.如果他們有足夠的數(shù)學(xué)技能，他們也可以成為成功的人工智能設(shè)計師。此外，對于人工智能設(shè)計來說，良好的計算機科學(xué)知識也是必不可少的，可知根據(jù)文章，如果學(xué)生想成為成功的人工智能設(shè)計師，他們應(yīng)該學(xué)好數(shù)學(xué)和計算機科學(xué)，故選C。（5）主旨題。根據(jù)Scientists

hopetocreatecreativeandemotionalAIwhichcanpossiblyunderstandhumanfeelingsorcreateart.科學(xué)家希望創(chuàng)造出能夠理解人類情感或創(chuàng)造藝術(shù)的具有創(chuàng)造性和情感化的人工智能。可知，第4段主要告訴我們科學(xué)家對人工智能的愿望，故選A?！军c評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細節(jié)題、推斷題，詞義猜測題和主旨題四種?？碱}型，細節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息，詞義猜測題需要根據(jù)上下文提煉相關(guān)信息鎖定詞意，主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。8．閱讀理解

"WhydoIlive?WhydoIwishforanything,ordoanything?Isthereanythinginmylifethatwillnotbedestroyedbymydeath?"LikeLeoTolstoy,thefamousRussianwriter,manypeopleaskthesedifficultquestions.Tolstoyspenthiswholelifetryingtoanswerthesedifficultquestions.

Asayoungman,hethoughtpeoplecouldachieveperfectioniftheytriedhardenough.Soheworkedveryhardtobethebestineverything.Hethoughtthathewouldfindmeaningandtruthinsuccess.

In1850s.Tolstoywrotehisfirststories.Hewroteabouthislifeinthearmy.Healsotoldstoriesabouthischildhood.TheseworkswerepublishedandTolstoybecameawell-knownwriter.

Heearnedtherespecthealwayswanted.ManyrichandsmartmenmetandtalkedwithTolstoy.Someofthemwerewriterslikehim.Theytalkedalotaboutfaith（信仰）andthemeaningoflife.ButsoonTolstoyrecognizedthatthesemenwerenotperfect.Nowheknewtheycouldnotanswerhisquestionsaboutfaith.

Sointhe1860s,Tolstoytriedadifferentwaytofindthemeaningoflife.Heopenedaschoolforthechildrenofhisserfs-thepeoplewhoworkedonhisland.Theseworkerswereverypoor.Hewantedtohelpthembecausehethoughttheyweremorehonestthantherichpeopleheknew.

Tolstoylearnedalotfromhisworkers.Heunderstoodhowtheyworkedhardtosupporttheirfamilies.Hebegantobelievethatmarriageandfamilywouldgivehislifemeaning.Soin1862,LeoTolstoymarriedayoungwomannamedSonyaBehrs.

Thenext15yearswerethebestyearsofTolstoy'slife.Itwasduringthistimethathewrotehismostfamousbooks-WarandPeaceandAnnaKarenina.ManyexpertssaythatWarandPeaceisoneofthegreatestbookseverwritten.Inthesebooks,Tolstoybelievedhumansshouldliveasimplelifeandtakecareoftheirfamilies.Tolstoythoughtthiswouldsatisfyhimandbringhimhappiness.

LeoTolstoyisstillaveryrespectedwritertoday.Hisfaithandwritingshaveinfluencedmanypeopleallovertheworld.（1）Whichisthecorrectorderofthefollowingevents?①Tolstoyservedinthearmy.②Tolstoygotmarried.③TolstoywroteWarandPeace.④Tolstoyopenedaschool.⑤Tolstoybecameawell-knownwriter.A.

①⑤③②④

B.

⑤①③②④

C.

①⑤④②③

D.

⑤④①③②（2）WhydidTolstoywanttobethebestineverythingwhenhewasyoung?A.

Toprepareforhisbooks.

B.

Toachieveperfection.C.

Tomakealotofmoney.

D.

Toshowhiswisdom.（3）Tolstoythoughthewouldlearnalotfromhisworkersbecausetheywere____________.A.

poor

B.

honest

C.

friendly

D.

patient（4）Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisthemostimportanttoTolstoy?A.

Family.

B.

Success.

C.

Wealth.

D.

Fame（名聲）.（5）Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.

LeoTolstoy:Livingforwriting.B.

LeoTolstoy:Influencingtheworld.C.

LeoTolstoy:Beingthebestineverything.D.

LeoTolstoy:Searchingforthemeaningoflife.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）B（4）A（5）D【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要介紹了著名的俄羅斯作家LeoTolstoy的生平以及他對生命的意義的尋找。（1）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段In1850s.Tolstoywrotehisfirststories.Hewroteabouthislifeinthearmy.在18世紀(jì)50年代，他寫了他在軍隊的生活，可知，①為最早發(fā)生的事；根據(jù)第三段最后一句TheseworkswerepublishedandTolstoybecameawell-knownwriter.這些作品被發(fā)表，LeoTolstoy成為一位著名的作家，可知⑤隨后發(fā)生；根據(jù)第五段Sointhe1860s,Tolstoytriedadifferentwaytofindthemeaningoflife.Heopenedaschoolforthechildrenofhisserfs-thepeoplewhoworkedonhisland.所以在18世紀(jì)60年代，他為農(nóng)奴的孩子們——在他的土地上工作的人們——開辦了一所學(xué)校，④發(fā)生在18世紀(jì)60年代；根據(jù)第六段Soin1862,LeoTolstoymarriedayoungwomannamedSonyaBehrs.可知，在1862年，LeoTolstoy與一個名叫SonyaB