天津2025自考[海洋科學(xué)與技術(shù)]英語(yǔ)（二）考前沖刺練習(xí)題一、選擇題（共10題，每題2分，計(jì)20分）1.Whatistheprimaryimpactofoceanacidificationonmarineecosystems?A.IncreasedcoralgrowthB.ReducedshellformationinmollusksC.EnhancedfishreproductiveratesD.Decreasedseaweedbiodiversity2.WhichofthefollowingtechnologiesismosteffectiveforunderwaterexplorationintheTianjinBinhaiNewArea?A.Air-baseddronesB.RemotelyOperatedVehicles(ROVs)C.SatelliteimagingD.Sonarsurveys3.TheBohaiSea,adjacenttoTianjin,isknownforits:A.HighsalinitylevelsB.RichfisheryresourcesC.MinimalpollutionD.Rapidiceformation4.Whatroledophytoplanktonplayinthemarinefoodweb?A.ServeasprimaryconsumersB.ActasdecomposersC.ProvideoxygenthroughphotosynthesisD.Controlwatertemperature5.TheGreatBarrierReef,thoughnotinTianjin,facesthreatssimilartothoseintheBohaiSea,suchas:A.OverfishingB.OilspillsC.BothAandBD.NeitherAnorB6.WhatisthemainpurposeoftheTianjinMarineScienceandTechnologyCenter?A.TourismdevelopmentB.MarineresearchandeducationC.CargoshippingD.Oilextraction7.Whichmarineorganismismostvulnerabletothermalpollutionincoastalareas?A.SeaweedB.FishC.CoralD.Mollusk8.The"BlueEconomy"inTianjinfocuseson:A.AquacultureB.OffshorewindenergyC.MaritimetradeD.Alloftheabove9.WhatistheprimarycauseofhypoxiaintheBohaiSea?A.NutrientrunoffB.IndustrialdischargeC.NaturalwatercirculationD.BothAandB10.The"TianjinMarineEnvironmentalMonitoringNetwork"aimsto:A.PromotemaritimetourismB.TrackpollutionlevelsC.IncreaseshippingefficiencyD.Studymarinebiodiversity二、填空題（共10題，每題1分，計(jì)10分）1.TheBohaiSeahasa________climate,withcoldwintersandwarmsummers.2.The________isakeyindicatorofoceanhealth.3.________isamajorthreattocoralreefsglobally.4.TheTianjinBinhaiNewAreaisknownforits________port.5.________playacrucialroleincarbonsequestration.6.TheBohaiSea's________isinfluencedbyland-basedpollution.7.________technologyisessentialfordeep-searesearch.8.TheGreatBarrierReeffaceschallengessuchas________andclimatechange.9.The"BlueEconomy"inTianjinincludes________andsustainablefishing.10.________aretinyorganismsthatformthebaseofmarinefoodwebs.三、判斷題（共10題，每題1分，計(jì)10分）1.Oceanacidificationisprimarilycausedbynaturalprocesses.(×)2.TheBohaiSeahashighersalinitythantheAtlanticOcean.(×)3.RemotelyOperatedVehicles(ROVs)areusedforunderwatermapping.(√)4.TheTianjinMarineScienceandTechnologyCenterfocusesonlyoncommercialactivities.(×)5.Thermalpollutionhasminimalimpactonmarinelife.(×)6.TheGreatBarrierReefislocatedintheBohaiSea.(×)7.Phytoplanktoncontributetooxygenproductionintheocean.(√)8.The"BlueEconomy"isunrelatedtoenvironmentalconservation.(×)9.Hypoxiaisanaturalphenomenoninmarineecosystems.(×)10.TheBohaiSeahasnosignificantfisheryresources.(×)四、簡(jiǎn)答題（共5題，每題4分，計(jì)20分）1.BrieflyexplaintheimpactofclimatechangeontheBohaiSea.2.WhatarethemaincausesofmarinepollutioninTianjin?3.DescribetheroleoftheTianjinMarineScienceandTechnologyCenter.4.Howdoesoverfishingaffectmarineecosystems?5.Explaintheconceptof"BlueEconomy"inthecontextofTianjin.五、翻譯題（共2題，每題5分，計(jì)10分）1.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish:天津?yàn)I海地區(qū)是重要的海洋科研基地，致力于海洋環(huán)境保護(hù)和可持續(xù)發(fā)展。Answer:TheTianjinBinhaiareaisavitalmarineresearchbase,committedtomarineenvironmentalprotectionandsustainabledevelopment.2.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish:海洋酸化對(duì)珊瑚礁生態(tài)系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成嚴(yán)重威脅，需要全球合作解決。Answer:Oceanacidificationposesaseverethreattocoralreefecosystems,requiringglobalcooperationtoaddress.六、作文題（1題，計(jì)20分）Topic:DiscusstheimportanceofmarineconservationinTianjin,consideringitsgeographicallocationandeconomicactivities.Providesuggestionsforsustainablepractices.AnswerOutline:1.Introduction:BrieflyintroduceTianjin'scoastalsignificanceandmarineecosystems.2.ThreatstoMarineEcosystems:Discusspollution,overfishing,andclimatechangeimpacts.3.SustainablePractices:-Promoteeco-friendlyaquaculture.-Strengthenmarinemonitoringnetworks.-Encouragepublicawarenesscampaigns.4.Conclusion:Emphasizetheneedforbalancedeconomicandenvironmentaldevelopment.答案與解析一、選擇題1.B(Oceanacidificationreducescalciumavailability,harmingmollusks.)2.B(ROVsareidealforunderwaterexplorationinTianjin'scoastalwaters.)3.B(TheBohaiSeaisrichinfisheryresourcesduetoitsshallowdepth.)4.C(Phytoplanktonproduceoxygenthroughphotosynthesis,supportingmarinelife.)5.C(Overfishingandoilspillsarecommonthreatstocoralreefs.)6.B(Thecenterfocusesonmarineresearchandeducation.)7.C(Coralishighlysensitivetotemperaturechanges.)8.D(TheBlueEconomyincludesaquaculture,windenergy,andmaritimetrade.)9.D(Nutrientrunoffandindustrialdischargecontributetohypoxia.)10.B(Themonitoringnetworktrackspollutionlevelstoprotectmarinehealth.)二、填空題1.temperate2.biodiversity3.warming4.international5.phytoplankton6.pollution7.remotesensing8.bleaching9.aquaculture10.plankton三、判斷題1.×(OceanacidificationiscausedbyCO?emissions.)2.×(TheBohaiSeaislesssalinethantheAtlantic.)3.√(ROVsareusedforunderwatermappingandsurveys.)4.×(Thecenteralsofocusesonresearchandconservation.)5.×(Thermalpollutionharmsmarinelifebyalteringwatertemperatures.)6.×(TheGreatBarrierReefisinAustralia.)7.√(Phytoplanktonproduceoxygen,similartoterrestrialplants.)8.×(TheBlueEconomypromotessustainabilityandenvironmentalprotection.)9.×(Hypoxiaiscausedbyhumanactivities,notnaturalprocesses.)10.×(TheBohaiSeahasabundantfisheryresources.)四、簡(jiǎn)答題1.ImpactofClimateChangeontheBohaiSea:-Risingseatemperaturesharmcoralreefs.-Increasedstormintensitydisruptsmarinehabitats.-Meltingiceaffectswatersalinityandcirculation.2.MainCausesofMarinePollutioninTianjin:-Industrialdischargefromfactories.-Agriculturalrunoffcontainingfertilizers.-Plasticwastefromshippingandtourism.3.RoleoftheTianjinMarineScienceandTechnologyCenter:-Conductsresearchonmarineecosystems.-Developssustainableaquaculturemethods.-Trainsmarinescientistsandengineers.4.EffectsofOverfishing:-Disruptsfoodwebs.-Reducesbiodiversity.-Leadstoecologicalimbalance.5.BlueEconomyinTianjin:-Focusesonsustainablemaritimeindustries.-Promoteseco-friendlyaquaculture.-Supportsrenewableenergyprojects.五、翻譯題1.TheTianjinBinhaiareaisavitalmarineresearchbase,committedtomarineenvironmentalprotectionandsustainabledevelopment.2.Oceanacidificationposesaseverethreattocoralreefecosystems,requiringglobalcooperationtoaddress.六、作文題（參考答案）TheImportanceofMarineConservationinTianjinTianjin,locatedontheBohaiSea,isahubofeconomicandmarineactivity.Itscoastalregionsarehometodiverseecosystems,includingfishstocksandwetlands,whicharevitalforbiodiversity.However,rapidindustrializationandurbanizationposesignificantthreatstotheseecosystems.Marineconservationisessentialtobalanceeconomicgrowthwithenvironmentalsustainability.Onemajorthreatispollution.Industrialdischarge,agriculturalrunoff,andplasticwastedegradewaterquality,harmin