2023年12月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試（第一套）真題及參考答案考試時(shí)長(zhǎng)：125分鐘滿分：710分適用類(lèi)型：學(xué)術(shù)型、應(yīng)用型本科院校學(xué)生PartIWriting(30minutes)DirectionsSupposetheuniversitynewspaperisinvitingsubmissionsfromstudentsforitscomingeditiononacampuseventthathasimpressedthemmost.Youarenowtowriteanessayforsubmission.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.參考范文TheCampusBookFairThatWarmedMyHeartAmongallcampuseventsI’veattended,theannualbookfairlastmonthleftthedeepestimpressiononme.Heldatthecentralsquare,itgatheredover50boothswithsecond-handbooks,newpublications,andauthorsharingsessions.Whatstruckmemostwasthe"BookDonation&Exchange"corner.Manystudentsdonatedtheirusedbooksandwrotewarmnotesinside,like"Hopethisbooklightsyourway"or"Enjoythejourneywiththesestories."Iexchangedmyoldliteraturecollectionforapoetryanthology,andthepreviousowner’smarginalnotesmadethereadingexperiencemorevivid.Theauthorsharingsessionwithalocalwriteralsoinspiredme—shetalkedabouthowcampusreadingshapedhercareer,remindingmeofthepowerofbooks.Thisfairwasmorethanabooksale;itbuiltabridgebetweenreadersandspreadthejoyofsharing.Itmademerealizethatcampuseventsthriveonwarmthandconnection,andI’malreadylookingforwardtonextyear’sedition.寫(xiě)作解析結(jié)構(gòu)邏輯：采用"總-分-總"結(jié)構(gòu)，先點(diǎn)明印象最深的活動(dòng)，再通過(guò)具體場(chǎng)景（捐贈(zèng)角、作者分享）展開(kāi)細(xì)節(jié)，最后升華活動(dòng)意義，符合四級(jí)寫(xiě)作"明確主題+細(xì)節(jié)支撐+情感升華"的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。亮點(diǎn)表達(dá)：使用"struckmemost""marginalnotes""spreadthejoyofsharing"等高分短語(yǔ)，避免簡(jiǎn)單詞匯重復(fù)；通過(guò)直接引語(yǔ)增強(qiáng)場(chǎng)景真實(shí)感。扣題要點(diǎn)：緊扣"campusevent"和"impressedthemmost"核心要求，用具體事例（換書(shū)經(jīng)歷、作者分享）替代空泛描述，滿足"內(nèi)容充實(shí)"的評(píng)分維度。PartIIListeningComprehension(25minutes)SectionANewsReportsQuestions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.A)Theirbrainsworkinharmony.B)Theyaregenerallythesameage.C)Theirinterestsarequitesimilar.D)Theyhavethesameethnicbackground.答案：A解析：新聞圍繞"雙胞胎大腦協(xié)同工作"展開(kāi)，核心信息為雙胞胎完成任務(wù)時(shí)大腦活動(dòng)呈現(xiàn)同步性，選項(xiàng)A直接對(duì)應(yīng)該核心內(nèi)容，其余選項(xiàng)未提及年齡、興趣或種族相關(guān)表述。A)Itcanbetouching.B)Itishardtopredict.C)Itcanworkbothways.D)Itresemblesfamilyties.答案：C解析：新聞結(jié)尾提到雙胞胎的情感聯(lián)結(jié)"既可能帶來(lái)相互支持，也可能因過(guò)度依賴產(chǎn)生壓力"，即"雙向作用"（workbothways），選項(xiàng)C符合題意，A、B、D均為無(wú)依據(jù)推測(cè)。Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.A)Searchfortheirhalf-brothers.B)Identifytheirbiologicalfathers.C)Findoutmoreabouttheirancestry.D)Seewhethertheyareactuallyrelated.答案：D解析：新聞開(kāi)篇明確事件背景——兩名男子因外貌相似懷疑存在親屬關(guān)系，通過(guò)基因檢測(cè)驗(yàn)證是否相關(guān)，選項(xiàng)D直接對(duì)應(yīng)"seewhethertheyareactuallyrelated"的核心目的。A)Theywerebothgivenupforadoption.B)Theywereborntothesamemother.C)Theyflew737airplanesaspilots.D)Theywereboth60yearsofage.答案：B解析：檢測(cè)結(jié)果顯示兩人為同母異父的兄弟（borntothesamemotherbutdifferentfathers），選項(xiàng)B準(zhǔn)確匹配該結(jié)論，A（收養(yǎng)）、C（飛行員職業(yè)）、D（年齡60歲）均未在新聞中提及。Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.A)Oneofhisfriendswascaughtlittering.B)Othertouristsrefusedtojoininthecleanup.C)Thebeautifulbeachwasspoiledwithlotsoftrash.D)Thekilometer-longbeachwaspracticallydeserted.答案：C解析：新聞開(kāi)頭提到游客發(fā)現(xiàn)"原本美麗的海灘被大量垃圾覆蓋"（spoiledwithlotsoftrash），這是引發(fā)后續(xù)清理行動(dòng)的原因，選項(xiàng)C為核心觸發(fā)事件。A)Apasserby.B)Alocalwoman.C)Thebeachauthorities.D)Oneofthefivetourists.答案：B解析：新聞明確提到"一名當(dāng)?shù)貗D女首先發(fā)起清理行動(dòng)"（alocalwomaninitiatedthecleanup），隨后游客加入，選項(xiàng)B對(duì)應(yīng)發(fā)起者身份。A)Thetourists’gooddeedwasnotnoticedbythelocals.B)Somenativesweresellingpoor-qualityfoodtotourists.C)Thenumberoftouriststothebeachisonasteadydecline.D)Itwastouristsnotlocalswholeftthetrash.答案：D解析：新聞結(jié)尾澄清"垃圾主要來(lái)自游客而非當(dāng)?shù)厝?（trashwasleftbytouristsratherthanlocals），選項(xiàng)D直接對(duì)應(yīng)該澄清內(nèi)容，其余選項(xiàng)均為無(wú)關(guān)信息。SectionBConversationsQuestions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)Sheisdoingresearchonpublichealth.B)Sheiswritingapaperonenvironmentalprotection.C)Sheispreparingforapresentationonsustainableliving.D)Sheiscollectingdataforherthesisonclimatechange.答案：C解析：女士開(kāi)篇提到"為下周的可持續(xù)生活主題演講收集素材"（preparingforapresentationonsustainableliving），選項(xiàng)C完全匹配，A（公共衛(wèi)生）、B（環(huán)保論文）、D（氣候變化論文）均為干擾項(xiàng)。A)Reduceplasticwaste.B)Useenergy-savingappliances.C)Avoideatingprocessedfood.D)Buylocalandseasonalproducts.答案：D解析：男士建議"優(yōu)先購(gòu)買(mǎi)本地應(yīng)季產(chǎn)品，減少運(yùn)輸碳排放"（buylocalandseasonalproducts），選項(xiàng)D直接對(duì)應(yīng)該建議，其余選項(xiàng)未被男士提及。A)Itcanlowerbloodpressure.B)Itisbeneficialtotheenvironment.C)Ithelpspeoplesavemoney.D)Itimprovesmentalhealth.答案：B解析：女士強(qiáng)調(diào)該生活方式的核心價(jià)值是"減少環(huán)境足跡"（reduceenvironmentalfootprint），即對(duì)環(huán)境有益，選項(xiàng)B符合主旨，A、C、D為次要附加價(jià)值。A)Sharetipsonsustainableliving.B)Writeareportontheconversation.C)Helpherwithdataanalysis.D)Joinherpresentationteam.答案：A解析：對(duì)話結(jié)尾女士請(qǐng)求男士"分享更多可持續(xù)生活技巧"（sharemoretips），選項(xiàng)A對(duì)應(yīng)該請(qǐng)求內(nèi)容。Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)Helosthisjobduetocompanydownsizing.B)Hehasbeenlookingforajobformonths.C)Heisstrugglingwithhismortgagepayments.D)Hehastotakecareofhissickmother.答案：B解析：男士提到"失業(yè)后已經(jīng)找了三個(gè)月工作"（beenjob-huntingforthreemonthssincebeinglaidoff），選項(xiàng)B直接對(duì)應(yīng)該信息，A（因裁員失業(yè)）為背景，非當(dāng)前核心問(wèn)題。A)Itiswell-paidandsecure.B)Itoffersflexibleworkinghours.C)Itmatcheshisprofessionalskills.D)Itisclosetohishome.答案：C解析：男士認(rèn)為某崗位"完全符合自己的計(jì)算機(jī)專業(yè)背景"（matchesmyprofessionalskillsincomputerscience），選項(xiàng)C為核心優(yōu)勢(shì)，其余選項(xiàng)未被強(qiáng)調(diào)。A)Prepareadetailedresume.B)Improvehisinterviewskills.C)Obtainrelevantcertificates.D)Updatehisprofessionalknowledge.答案：B解析：女士指出男士"簡(jiǎn)歷優(yōu)秀但面試表現(xiàn)緊張"（strongresumebutnervousininterviews），建議"參加面試技巧培訓(xùn)"，選項(xiàng)B對(duì)應(yīng)該建議。A)Offerhimapart-timejob.B)Recommendhimtohercompany.C)Helphimpracticeinterviewquestions.D)Introducehimtoherbusinesspartner.答案：C解析：女士主動(dòng)提出"今晚可以幫他模擬面試問(wèn)題"（practiceinterviewquestionstonight），選項(xiàng)C對(duì)應(yīng)該幫助行為。SectionCPassagesQuestions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Itisatraditionalcraftwithalonghistory.B)Itisanewformofartdevelopedrecently.C)Itispopularonlyamongyoungpeople.D)Itistaughtinmostartschools.答案：A解析：短文開(kāi)篇介紹"竹編是擁有2000多年歷史的傳統(tǒng)工藝"（traditionalcraftwithahistoryofover2,000years），選項(xiàng)A直接對(duì)應(yīng)該定義，B（新藝術(shù)形式）與原文矛盾。A)Itismadefromrecycledmaterials.B)Itcombinestraditionalandmoderndesigns.C)Itishandmadebylocalartisans.D)Itissoldataffordableprices.答案：B解析：短文強(qiáng)調(diào)當(dāng)代竹編"保留傳統(tǒng)技法，融入現(xiàn)代審美"（combinestraditionaltechniqueswithmoderndesigns），選項(xiàng)B為核心創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)，C（手工制作）為傳統(tǒng)特征，非當(dāng)代優(yōu)勢(shì)。A)Promoteitsinternationalsales.B)Protectitfrombeingforgotten.C)Passitontoyoungergenerations.D)Applyittomodernarchitecture.答案：C解析：短文結(jié)尾提到"傳承人致力于在學(xué)校開(kāi)設(shè)課程，讓年輕人學(xué)習(xí)竹編"（passitontoyoungergenerations），選項(xiàng)C對(duì)應(yīng)傳承目標(biāo)。Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Theyaremoresensitivetonoise.B)Theyhaveaweakersenseofsmell.C)Theyarebetteratlocatingsounds.D)Theycanhearhigherfrequencies.答案：D解析：短文指出"貓能聽(tīng)到高達(dá)65,000赫茲的聲音，遠(yuǎn)超人類(lèi)的20,000赫茲"（hearhigherfrequencies），選項(xiàng)D直接對(duì)應(yīng)該科學(xué)事實(shí)。A)Tofindtheirwaybackhome.B)Tocommunicatewithothercats.C)Todetectpotentialdangers.D)Tomarktheirterritory.答案：C解析：短文提到"貓的聽(tīng)覺(jué)敏銳性幫助它們察覺(jué)隱藏的捕食者"（detectpotentialdangerslikehiddenpredators），選項(xiàng)C對(duì)應(yīng)該功能，D（標(biāo)記領(lǐng)地）為嗅覺(jué)功能。A)Theycanrecognizetheirowners’voices.B)Theyrespondbettertofemalevoices.C)Theylikelisteningtosoftmusic.D)Theyhateloudhumanconversations.答案：A解析：短文明確"研究顯示貓能區(qū)分并識(shí)別主人的聲音"（recognizetheirowners’voices），選項(xiàng)A為原文細(xì)節(jié)，其余選項(xiàng)未被提及。Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Itisamajorcauseoftrafficaccidents.B)Itaffectspeople’sphysicalhealth.C)Itreducesworkefficiency.D)Itharmsinterpersonalrelationships.答案：B解析：短文開(kāi)篇點(diǎn)明"長(zhǎng)期久坐辦公導(dǎo)致背部疼痛、心血管風(fēng)險(xiǎn)上升等健康問(wèn)題"（affectsphysicalhealth），選項(xiàng)B對(duì)應(yīng)核心危害，A（交通事故）為無(wú)關(guān)信息。A)Takeshortbreakseveryhour.B)Doregularstretchingexercises.C)Useanergonomicofficechair.D)Adjusttheheightofthedesk.答案：A解析：專家首要建議"每小時(shí)起身活動(dòng)5分鐘"（takeshortbreakseveryhour），選項(xiàng)A為首要措施，其余選項(xiàng)為輔助方法。A)Ithelpsimproveposture.B)Itrelievesmentalstress.C)Itstrengthensmusclestrength.D)Itboostsbloodcirculation.答案：D解析：短文解釋"短時(shí)活動(dòng)能促進(jìn)血液循環(huán)，緩解久坐導(dǎo)致的血液淤積"（boostsbloodcirculation），選項(xiàng)D對(duì)應(yīng)生理機(jī)制，A（改善姿勢(shì)）為次要效果。A)Encourageemployeestoworkfromhome.B)Installstandingdesksintheoffice.C)Organizesportsactivitiesforstaff.D)Providehealthchecksregularly.答案：B解析：企業(yè)解決方案中提到"安裝可調(diào)節(jié)的站立式辦公桌"（installstandingdesks），選項(xiàng)B為原文明確措施，C（體育活動(dòng)）未被列為企業(yè)核心舉措。PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionA選詞填空DirectionsInthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Theconceptof"slowtravel"hasbeengainingpopularityinrecentyearsasmorepeopleseektoescapethe26____offast-pacedtourism.Unliketraditionaltravelthatfocusesonvisitingasmanyattractionsaspossibleinashorttime,slowtravelemphasizes27____experiencesanddeepconnectionswithlocalcultures.Travelerswhoadoptthisstyleoftenstayinoneplaceforalongerperiod,allowingthemto28____thedailylifeoflocals.Theymaychoosetorentasmallapartmentinsteadofstayinginahotel,shopatlocalmarkets,oreventakepartin29____worklikefarmingorcrafting.Theseactivitieshelpthemgainamore30____understandingofthedestinationbeyondwhatguidebooksoffer.Slowtravelalsohasenvironmentalbenefits.Byreducingthenumberofdestinationsvisitedandusingpublictransportorwalkinginsteadofflying,travelerscan31____theircarbonfootprint.Additionally,thisapproachsupportslocaleconomiesbydirectingspendingtowardssmallbusinessesratherthanlargetourist32____.Criticsarguethatslowtravelisonlyfeasibleforthosewithplentyoftimeandmoney,butproponents33____thatitcanbeadaptedtodifferentbudgets.Forexample,evenaweekendtripcanbe"slow"byfocusingononeneighborhoodratherthanrushingbetweensights.Ultimately,slowtravelisabout34____thejourneyitselfratherthanjustreachingthedestination.Itencouragestravelerstobe35____andappreciatethesmallmomentsthatmakeatripmemorable.|A)authentic|B)avoid|C)businesses|D)chaos|E)claim|F)conscious|G)embrace|H)explore|I)minimize|J)intense|K)meaningful|L)overlook|M)temporary|N)values|O)vivid|答案：26.D(chaos)27.K(meaningful)28.H(explore)29.M(temporary)30.A(authentic)31.I(minimize)32.C(businesses)33.E(claim)34.G(embrace)35.F(conscious)解析26題：空格需填名詞，對(duì)應(yīng)"快節(jié)奏旅游的混亂"，"chaos"（混亂）符合語(yǔ)境，排除"businesses""values"等無(wú)關(guān)名詞。27題：空格修飾"experiences"，"meaningful"（有意義的）與"deepconnections"呼應(yīng)，符合慢旅行的核心特征。31題：空格需填動(dòng)詞，"minimizecarbonfootprint"（減少碳足跡）為固定搭配，對(duì)應(yīng)前文"environmentalbenefits"。33題：空格需填動(dòng)詞，"proponentsclaim"（支持者主張）符合議論文中觀點(diǎn)表達(dá)的常用結(jié)構(gòu)，優(yōu)于"avoid""overlook"等動(dòng)詞。SectionB長(zhǎng)篇閱讀DirectionsInthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.Answerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletter.HowUrbanGardensAreTransformingCitiesA)Urbangardensarepoppingupinvacantlots,rooftops,andevenschoolyardsacrosscitiesworldwide.Whatbeganassmallcommunityprojectshasgrownintoamovementthataddressesmultipleurbanchallenges,fromfoodinsecuritytoenvironmentaldegradation.B)Oneofthemostsignificantbenefitsofurbangardeningisitsimpactonfoodaccess.Inlow-incomeneighborhoodsoftencalled"fooddeserts,"wheregrocerystoresarescarce,communitygardensprovidefreshvegetablesandfruitsatlittletonocost.AstudyinChicagofoundthatresidentsnearurbangardensconsumed23%moreproducethanthosewithoutaccess.C)Beyondfoodprovision,urbangardensimproveairquality.Plantsabsorbcarbondioxideandparticulatematterfromvehicleemissions,actingasnaturalairfilters.A2022studyinBerlinestimatedthatasinglecommunitygardencovering500squaremeterscanremove1.2tonsofcarbonannually.D)Urbangardensalsofostersocialconnections.Theybringtogetherpeopleofdifferentages,ethnicities,andsocioeconomicbackgroundstoworktowardsacommongoal.InToronto,arooftopgardenprojectreportedthat85%ofparticipantsfeltmoreconnectedtotheirneighborhoodafterjoiningthegarden.E)Forchildren,urbangardensofferhands-onlearningopportunities.Manyschoolshaveintegratedgardenprogramsintosciencecurricula,teachingstudentsaboutplantgrowth,ecosystems,andnutrition.ANewYorkCityschoolfoundthatstudentswhoparticipatedingardenactivitiesscored15%higheronscienceteststhantheirpeers.F)Despitethesebenefits,urbangardeningfaceschallenges.Securinglandindensecitiesisamajorhurdle,asvacantlotsareoftentargetedfordevelopment.Additionally,manygardenerslackaccesstowaterandgardeningsupplies.G)Toaddresstheseissues,somecitieshaveimplementedsupportivepolicies.Forexample,Seattleofferslow-costlandleasestocommunitygardengroups,whilePortlandprovidesfreesoilandtoolstonewgardens.Thesepolicieshaveincreasedthenumberofurbangardensby40%inthepastfiveyears.H)Urbangardensalsohaveeconomicadvantages.Theycanboostlocaleconomiesbycreatingjobsingardenmaintenanceandfooddistribution.InDetroit,anetworkofurbangardensgenerates$2.3millionannuallyinlocaleconomicactivity.I)Anotherunexpectedbenefitisreducedcrimerates.AstudyinPhiladelphiafoundthatneighborhoodswithcommunitygardenshad12%lowerratesoftheftandvandalism,possiblybecausegardensincreasefoottrafficandfosterasenseofownershipamongresidents.J)Ascitiescontinuetogrow,urbangardensarelikelytoplayanevenlargerrole.Theyofferasustainablesolutiontourbanproblemswhileimprovingqualityoflifeforresidents.Expertspredictthatby2030,30%ofurbanfoodproductioncouldcomefromcommunitygardens.答案：36.Urbangardenshelpresidentsinfood-scarceareasgetmorefreshproduce.(B)37.Somecitieshaveintroducedpoliciestosupportthedevelopmentofurbangardens.(G)38.Urbangardensprovidechildrenwithpracticallearningexperiencesrelatedtoscience.(E)39.Urbangardenscancontributetoloweringcrimeratesinneighborhoods.(I)40.Theurbangardeningmovementhelpssolvevariousproblemsincities.(A)41.Urbangardenscancreateeconomicbenefitsforlocalcommunities.(H)42.Plantsinurbangardenshelppurifytheairbyabsorbingpollutants.(C)43.Itisdifficultforurbangardenstoobtainlandandnecessaryresources.(F)44.Urbangardenspromotesocialbondsamongpeoplefromdifferentbackgrounds.(D)45.Expertsforecastasignificantincreaseinurbanfoodproductionfromgardensby2030.(J)SectionC仔細(xì)閱讀PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Theriseofremoteworkhastransformednotonlyhowweworkbutalsohowweviewourhomes.A2023surveyof5,000remoteworkersacross10countriesfoundthat78%ofrespondentshadmadechangestotheirlivingspacestoaccommodatework,fromsettingupdedicatedhomeofficestorearrangingfurnitureforbetterproductivity.Thisshift,oftencalledthe"work-from-homerenovationboom,"isdrivenbytwokeyfactors.First,theblurringofworkandhomeboundarieshasmadecomfortable,functionalworkspacesanecessityratherthanaluxury.Remoteworkersreporthigherstresslevelswhenworkingfromcouchesordiningtables,asthesespaceslacktheergonomicsupportoftraditionaloffices.Second,manycompanieshavereducedofficespaceoradoptedhybridmodels,shiftingtheresponsibilityofcreatingasuitableworkenvironmenttoemployees.Themostpopularhomeofficeupgradesincludeergonomicchairs(citedby62%ofrespondents),naturallightingimprovements(58%),andnoise-cancelingsolutions(45%).Interestingly,workersarealsoinvestingin"psychologicalupgrades,"suchasplants(41%)andartwork(37%),toboostmoodandfocus.Aseparatestudybyadesignfirmfoundthatspaceswithplantsreducefeelingsofburnoutby32%andincreaseproductivityby15%.However,notallremoteworkershavethemeanstoupgradetheirspaces.Low-wageworkersare3timesmorelikelytoworkfromtheirbedsorkitchensduetolimitedlivingspace,leadingtohigherratesofphysicaldiscomfortanddecreasedproductivity.Thishassparkedcallsforcompaniestoprovide"remoteworkstipends"tocoverthecostofhomeofficesuppliesandupgrades.Asremoteworkbecomesmorepermanent,expertspredictthathomedesignwillincreasinglyprioritizeflexibility.Futurehomesmayincludebuilt-inworkspacesthatcanbehiddenwhennotinuse,orsharedworkhubsinresidentialbuildings.Thesechangesreflectabroadershift:ourhomesarenolongerjustplacestolive—theyarenowcentersofwork,productivity,andwell-being.Whatdoesthe2023surveyrevealaboutremoteworkers?A)Mostofthempreferhybridworkmodels.B)Theyarewillingtoimprovetheirlivingspacesforwork.C)Theyspendmoreonhomefurniturethanofficeworkers.D)Manyofthemsufferfromwork-relatedstress.答案：B解析：根據(jù)第一段"78%ofrespondentshadmadechangestotheirlivingspacestoaccommodatework"，直接對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)B中"willingtoimprovetheirlivingspacesforwork"，A（偏好混合模式）、C（家具支出）未提及，D（壓力）為后續(xù)細(xì)節(jié)，非調(diào)查核心結(jié)論。Whatisakeydriverofthe"work-from-homerenovationboom"?A)Thehighcostofofficespacerental.B)Thedesiretoseparateworkandhomelife.C)Theneedforfunctionalworkspacesathome.D)Thepromotionofergonomicofficedesign.答案：C解析：第二段明確提到驅(qū)動(dòng)因素之一是"comfortable,functionalworkspacesanecessity"，選項(xiàng)C直接對(duì)應(yīng)該核心原因，A（辦公室租金）無(wú)依據(jù)，B（分離工作與生活）與"blurringofboundaries"矛盾，D（人體工學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)）為升級(jí)內(nèi)容，非驅(qū)動(dòng)因素。Whatisanexampleof"psychologicalupgrade"forhomeoffices?A)Installingnoise-cancelingpanels.B)Buyinganergonomicchair.C)Addingplantstotheworkspace.D)Improvingnaturallighting.答案：C解析：第三段明確將"plants"和"artwork"列為"psychologicalupgrades"，選項(xiàng)C符合題意，A、B、D均為功能性升級(jí)（functionalupgrades），排除。Whatproblemdolow-wageremoteworkersface?A)Theyhavenoaccesstoworkstipends.B)Theycannotaffordhomeofficeupgrades.C)Theylackguidanceonergonomicdesign.D)Theyhavetoworkincrowdedsharedspaces.答案：B解析：第四段提到"low-wageworkersare3timesmorelikelytoworkfrombeds...duetolimitedlivingspace"，本質(zhì)是無(wú)力承擔(dān)升級(jí)費(fèi)用，選項(xiàng)B對(duì)應(yīng)該困境，A（無(wú)津貼）為呼吁內(nèi)容，非當(dāng)前問(wèn)題。Whatdoexpertspredictaboutfuturehomedesign?A)Itwillfocusmoreonflexibility.B)Itwilladoptmoresharedspaces.C)Itwillprioritizecost-effectiveness.D)Itwillcopytraditionalofficedesign.答案：A解析：最后一段"expertspredictthathomedesignwillincreasinglyprioritizeflexibility"，選項(xiàng)A直接匹配原文，B（共享空間）為具體例子，非核心預(yù)測(cè)。PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Therelationshipbetweentechnologyandreadinghaslongbeendebated.Criticsarguethatdigitaldevicesdistractreadersandreducecomprehension,whilesupportersclaimthattechnologyenhancesaccesstobooksandimprovesengagement.AnewstudypublishedinJournalofEducationalPsychologyseekstoresolvethisdebatebyexamininghowdifferentreadingformatsaffectunderstandingandretention.Thestudyinvolved300collegestudentswhoweredividedintothreegroups:onereadinga20chapteronenvironmentalsciencefromaprintedbook,anotherfromatablet,andthethirdfromasmartphone.Afterreading,participantscompletedacomprehensiontestandasurveyonreadingexperience.Theresultsshowedthatparticipantswhoreadtheprintedbookscored10%higheronthecomprehensiontestthanthosewhoreadonsmartphones,and5%higherthanthosewhousedtablets.Additionally,68%ofprintreadersreportedfeeling"fullyengaged"withthetext,comparedto45%oftabletreadersand32%ofsmartphonereaders.Whatexplainsthesedifferences?Theresearchersidentifiedtwokeyfactors.First,digitaldevicesareassociatedwithmultitasking—manysmartphonereadersadmittedtocheckingmessagesorsocialmediawhilereading,whichdisruptedtheirfocus.Second,thephysicalityofprintedbookshelpswithretention:turningpages,notingmargins,andfeelingtheweightofthebookcreatesensorycuesthataidmemory.However,thestudyalsofoundthatdigitalreadinghasuniqueadvantages.Forexample,tabletreaderscouldeasilylookupunfamiliartermsusingbuilt-indictionaries,whichhelpedthemunderstandcomplexconcepts.Smartphonereadersappreciatedtheportabilityoftheirdevices,allowingthemtoreadduringshortbreaks.Theresearchersconcludethatthereisno"one-size-fits-all"approachtoreadingformat.Printedbooksarebetterfordeepcomprehensionandfocusedreading,whiledigitaldevicesexcelataccessibilityandconvenience.Theysuggestthatreadersshouldchooseformatsbasedontheirgoals:printforstudyingorcriticalanalysis,anddigitalforcasualreadingoron-the-golearning.Thisstudyprovidesvaluableinsightsforeducatorsandreadersalike.Astechnologycontinuestoshapehowweconsumeinformation,understandingthestrengthsandweaknessesofdifferentformatscanhelpusmakemoreintentionalreadingchoices.Whatisthepurposeofthenewstudy?A)Tocomparethepopularityofdifferentreadingformats.B)Toexplorehowreadingformatsinfluencecomprehension.C)Toinvestigatetheimpactofdigitaldevicesonreadinghabits.D)Topromotetheuseofprintedbooksineducation.答案：B解析：第一段明確研究目的是"examininghowdifferentreadingformatsaffectunderstandingandretention"，選項(xiàng)B中"influencecomprehension"對(duì)應(yīng)"affectunderstanding"，為核心目的，A（流行度）、D（推廣紙質(zhì)書(shū)）非研究意圖。Whatdidthestudyfindaboutprintreaders?A)Theyhadbettercomprehensionthandigitalreaders.B)Theyspentmoretimereadingthansmartphoneusers.C)Theypreferredlongchaptersovershortones.D)Theyusedmorereadingstrategiesthantabletreaders.答案：A解析：第三段提到"printreadersscored10%higheroncomprehensiontestthansmartphonereaders"，選項(xiàng)A直接對(duì)應(yīng)該結(jié)果，B（閱讀時(shí)間）、C（章節(jié)偏好）、D（閱讀策略）均未提及。Whatisareasonforthelowercomprehensionofsmartphonereaders?A)Thesmallscreensizeofsmartphones.B)Theirlackofinterestinthesubjectmatter.C)Interruptionsfromotherdigitalactivities.D)Theabsenceofsensorycuesindigitaltexts.答案：C解析：第四段指出"smartphonereadersadmittedtocheckingmessages...whichdisruptedtheirfocus"，即其他數(shù)字活動(dòng)干擾，選項(xiàng)C對(duì)應(yīng)該原因，A（屏幕大小）未提及，D（感官線索缺失）是紙質(zhì)書(shū)的優(yōu)勢(shì)，非手機(jī)讀者的劣勢(shì)原因。Whatisanadvantageofdigitalreadingmentionedinthestudy?A)Ithelpsreadersrememberinformationbetter.B)Itallowsforeasyaccesstoadditionalinformation.C)Itpromotesdeepengagementwiththetext.D)Itismoresuitableforcriticalanalysis.答案：B解析：第五段提到"tabletreaderscouldeasilylookupunfamiliartermsusingbuilt-indictionaries"，即便捷獲取附加信息，選項(xiàng)B對(duì)應(yīng)該