初中英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句綜合訓(xùn)練：從基礎(chǔ)梳理到實(shí)戰(zhàn)運(yùn)用各位同學(xué)，定語(yǔ)從句作為初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)，常常是各類(lèi)考試中的“攔路虎”。它不僅能豐富我們的表達(dá)方式，讓句子更具層次感，也是提升英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作和閱讀理解能力的關(guān)鍵一環(huán)。今天，我們就一起來(lái)系統(tǒng)梳理定語(yǔ)從句的核心知識(shí)點(diǎn)，并通過(guò)精心設(shè)計(jì)的綜合訓(xùn)練題，幫助大家鞏固基礎(chǔ)、突破難點(diǎn)，真正做到學(xué)以致用。一、定語(yǔ)從句核心概念回顧在進(jìn)入訓(xùn)練之前，讓我們先快速回顧一下定語(yǔ)從句的基本要素，確保我們對(duì)“戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)”了如指掌。1.定義：定語(yǔ)從句，顧名思義，就是在復(fù)合句中作定語(yǔ)的從句，用以修飾主句中的某一名詞或代詞（即先行詞），對(duì)其進(jìn)行限定、描述或補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。*例如：*Thegirlwhoisreadingabookismysister.*（正在看書(shū)的那個(gè)女孩是我妹妹。）這里，“whoisreadingabook”就是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞“thegirl”。2.關(guān)系代詞：引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞稱(chēng)為關(guān)系詞，其中關(guān)系代詞主要有that,which,who,whom,whose。它們?cè)趶木渲型ǔ３洚?dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等成分。*who/whom：指人。who在從句中作主語(yǔ)，whom作賓語(yǔ)（在口語(yǔ)中常被who代替或省略）。**ThisistheteacherwhotaughtusEnglishlastyear.*(作主語(yǔ))**Theboy(whom/who)wemetyesterdayisfromCanada.*(作賓語(yǔ)，可省略)*which：指物，在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。**Thebookwhichliesonthedeskismine.*(作主語(yǔ))**Ilostthepen(which)mymothergaveme.*(作賓語(yǔ)，可省略)*that：既可指人也可指物，在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。**HeisthemanthatItoldyouabout.*(指人，作賓語(yǔ))**Thisisthehousethatwevisitedlastweek.*(指物，作賓語(yǔ))*whose：既可指人也可指物，表示“……的”，在從句中作定語(yǔ)。**Doyouknowthegirlwhosehairisverylong?*(指人)**Thisistheroomwhosewindowfacessouth.*(指物，也可用ofwhich)3.關(guān)系副詞：主要有when,where,why，在從句中作狀語(yǔ)，分別表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和原因。*when：先行詞是表示時(shí)間的名詞（如time,day,year等）。**IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametothisschool.**where：先行詞是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞（如place,room,city等）。**Thisistheparkwhereweoftenplaybasketball.**why：先行詞通常是reason。**Canyoutellmethereasonwhyyouwerelatetoday?*4.注意要點(diǎn)：*關(guān)系代詞/副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中不能重復(fù)使用。例如，不能說(shuō)：*ThebookwhichIboughtityesterdayisinteresting.*(應(yīng)去掉it)*當(dāng)先行詞被all,any,no,some,every,little,few,much,theonly,thevery,thesame等詞修飾時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞通常用that。*非限制性定語(yǔ)從句（通常用逗號(hào)與主句隔開(kāi)）不能用that引導(dǎo)，且關(guān)系代詞/副詞不能省略。二、綜合訓(xùn)練題理論知識(shí)的回顧是為了更好地實(shí)踐。下面，請(qǐng)大家認(rèn)真完成以下練習(xí)題，檢驗(yàn)一下自己的掌握程度。（一）單項(xiàng)選擇(Choosethebestanswer)從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。1.Thisisthedictionary______mymotherboughtformeonmybirthday.A.whichB.whoC.whomD.whose2.Thegirl______isstandingunderthetreeismybestfriend.A.whichB.whoC.whoseD.whom3.Istillremembertheday______wefirstmetinthepark.A.whichB.whenC.whereD.why4.Thisistheschool______Istudiedthreeyearsago.A.whichB.whenC.whereD.that5.Doyouknowthereason______shewasabsentfromschoolyesterday?A.whichB.whenC.whereD.why6.Theteacher______classweattendedyesterdayisverypopularamongstudents.A.whichB.whoC.whoseD.whom7.Isthereanything______Icandoforyou?A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whom8.Heistheonlystudent______cananswerthisdifficultquestion.A.whichB.whoC.thatD.whom（二）用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞/副詞填空(Fillintheblankswithproperrelativepronouns/adverbs)在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞（that,which,who,whom,whose）或關(guān)系副詞（when,where,why），使句子完整。9.Thestorybook______coverisredismine.10.Idon’tlikethemovies______aretooscary.11.Theman______youtalkedtojustnowisournewneighbor.12.Thisisthemuseum______wevisitedlastSunday.13.Tellmethetime______thetrainwillarrive.14.Thehouse______helivesisverybigandbeautiful.15.Canyouexplainthereason______youchangedyourmind?（三）句型轉(zhuǎn)換(SentenceTransformation)A)將下列每組句子合并成一個(gè)含有定語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句。16.Thegirlismysister.Sheiswearingareddress._________________________________________________17.Thisisafactory.Myfatherworksinthisfactory._________________________________________________18.Iwillneverforgettheday.IjoinedtheYoungPioneersonthatday._________________________________________________B)將下列句子中的定語(yǔ)從句部分改為一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句。(Rewritethefollowingsentencesbychangingtheattributiveclauseintoasimplesentence.)19.Thebookthatliesonthedeskismine._________________________________________________20.Wevisitedtheoldmanwholivesinthevillage._________________________________________________（四）改錯(cuò)(ErrorCorrection)下列句子中均有一處錯(cuò)誤，請(qǐng)找出并改正。(Eachofthefollowingsentenceshasoneerror.Finditoutandcorrectit.)21.Thisistheparkwherewevisitedlastweekend._________________________________________________22.Thegirlwhichissingingonthestageismyclassmate._________________________________________________23.Ihaveafriendhisfatherisadoctor._________________________________________________24.Thereasonwhyhewaslateisbecausehisbikebrokedown._________________________________________________25.I’llneverforgetthedayswhenwespenttogetherinthecountryside._________________________________________________三、參考答案與解析做完題目后，別急著翻答案，先自己檢查一遍，看看哪些知識(shí)點(diǎn)還比較模糊。下面是參考答案及簡(jiǎn)要解析，希望能幫助你查漏補(bǔ)缺。（一）單項(xiàng)選擇1.A(先行詞是物“dictionary”，關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，可用which或that，也可省略)2.B(先行詞是人“thegirl”，關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，用who或that)3.B(先行詞是時(shí)間“theday”，關(guān)系副詞在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，用when)4.C(先行詞是地點(diǎn)“theschool”，關(guān)系副詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，用where)5.D(先行詞是原因“thereason”，關(guān)系副詞在從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)，用why)6.C(關(guān)系代詞whose在從句中作定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞“class”，表示“……的”)7.A(先行詞是不定代詞“anything”，關(guān)系代詞用that)8.C(先行詞被theonly修飾，關(guān)系代詞用that)（二）用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞/副詞填空9.whose(表示“故事書(shū)的封面”)10.which/that(先行詞是物“movies”，關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語(yǔ))11.whom/who/that(先行詞是人“theman”，關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，可省略)12.which/that(先行詞是物“themuseum”，關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，可省略)13.when(先行詞是時(shí)間“thetime”，關(guān)系副詞在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))14.where/inwhich(先行詞是地點(diǎn)“thehouse”，關(guān)系副詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，或用“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu))15.why(先行詞是原因“thereason”，關(guān)系副詞在從句中作原因狀語(yǔ))（三）句型轉(zhuǎn)換A)16.Thegirlwho/thatiswearingareddressismysister.(或Thegirlinareddressismysister.但此處要求用定語(yǔ)從句)17.Thisisthefactorywheremyfatherworks./Thisisthefactoryinwhichmyfatherworks.18.IwillneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheYoungPioneers./IwillneverforgetthedayonwhichIjoinedtheYoungPioneers.B)19.Thebooklyingonthedeskismine.(用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ))20.Wevisitedtheoldmanlivinginthevillage.(用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ))（四）改錯(cuò)21.where→