高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東省濟(jì)寧市2024-2025學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期7月期末英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ATheHonorsSummerMathCamp(HSMC)isanintensivemulti-summerprogramforhighschoolstudents,whichfeaturesafull-time,in-personexperience.Theprogramisintendedtodeveloptalentedstudentsofallsocioeconomicbackgroundsthroughin-depthexperiencesinauniquelearningenvironmentwherestudentsdevelopimportantskillsforfuturedegreesandcareersinmath.Duration·HSMCisasix-week,residentialcampforhighschoolstudents.·ThecampisheldfromJuly15—August26,2025.Requirements·IfyouhavenotattendedtheHSMCbefore,youmustapplyforthefirst-yearprogram.Therearenoexceptions!·TeacherRecommendationFormisamust.·Sendusacopyofyourhighschooltranscript(成績單).·ParticipantscomefromEurope,AsiaandAmerica.·Completetheonlinestudentapplicationform.Expenses·Thefulltuitionfeefor2025is$6,600.Theprogramprovidesroom,board,books,suppliesandexpensesrelatedtofieldtrips.·Yourspotinthesummermathprogramisensuredonlywhenyouhavepaidinfull.DailyScheduleTimeActivity7:30am-8:00amBreakfast8:00am-11:00amClass11:00am-12:00amExercise12:00am-1:30pmLunch1:30pm-3:30pmClass3:30pm-4:30pmSupper★ClassesareheldMonday—Thursday.1.WhatisthegoaloftheHSMC?A.Toprovidestudentswithhands-onactivities.B.Toofferstudentsvariouscareerexperiences.C.Tomakestudentsmorecompetitiveinmath.D.Toequipstudentswithsocioeconomicskills.2.Whatisrequiredtoapplyfortheprogramme?A.PreviousHSMCattendance. B.Printedapplicationform.C.Teacherrecommendationform. D.UnitedStatescitizenship.3.Howmanyhoursofclassarethereinasingleweek?A.12. B.20. C.35. D.120.【答案】1.C2.C3.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文介紹了高中榮譽暑期數(shù)學(xué)營（HSMC）的目標(biāo)、時長、申請要求、費用及每日安排等信息?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Theprogramisintendedtodeveloptalentedstudentsofallsocioeconomicbackgroundsthroughin-depthexperiencesinauniquelearningenvironmentwherestudentsdevelopimportantskillsforfuturedegreesandcareersinmath.(該項目旨在通過獨特的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境中的深入體驗，培養(yǎng)來自各種社會經(jīng)濟(jì)背景的有天賦的學(xué)生，讓他們發(fā)展未來數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)位和職業(yè)所需的重要技能。)”可知，HSMC的目標(biāo)是培養(yǎng)學(xué)生在數(shù)學(xué)方面的重要技能，使他們在未來的數(shù)學(xué)相關(guān)領(lǐng)域更具競爭力。故選C項?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中Requirements部分中的“TeacherRecommendationFormisamust.(教師推薦表是必須的。)”可知，申請該項目需要教師推薦表。故選C項?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)計算題。根據(jù)文中DailySchedule表格可知，每天的上課時間為8:00am-11:00am（3小時）和1:30pm-3:30pm（2小時），即每天上課5小時；再根據(jù)“★ClassesareheldMonday—Thursday.(★課程在周一至周四進(jìn)行。)”可知，一周上課4天。因此，一周的總課時為5小時/天×4天=20小時。故選B項。BWhiletherestoftheworldisfastasleep,EthanPageiswideawake.Heisbusyinashippingcontainer,notsailingbutplanting.Ethan,anagriculturalinstructorinCentralWyomingCollege(CWC),becameinterestedinagricultureatayoungage.GrowingupinWyoming,whichhas80fooddesertsacross21counties,hesawresidentsinhisneighbourhoodstrugglingtoaccessfreshproduce.“Ihavealwaysbeeninvolvedwithagricultureandeducation.IwantedtofindanopportunitythatwouldputtogetherallofmyskillstosolvethepressingissueofWyoming,”saysEthan.He,togetherwithagroupofstudentsfromCWC,takesagriculturalinnovationtothenextlevel—bytransformingastandard8-by-40-footshippingcontainerintoaclimate-controlledgreenhouse.Thegreenhouseisafullyoperationalvertical(垂直的)growingsystem.Fromtheget-go,thecontainerisrecycled.Theformershippingcontainerisnowgivenanewleaseoflifeasafood-growingstation.Insidetherepurposedcontainer,fourslidingwallswith88growingpanelshousingfivegrowthchannelseach,aregrowinghundredsofplantsvertically.Afullyautomated(自動的)computersystemislookingaftereveryplant’sneeds,decidingwhenit’stimetoturnonthebrightLEDsunshineeachday,aswellasdeliveringtherightamountofwater.Thesetupallowsstudentstogrowdeliciousvegetablesandherbs,withtheentiresystemdesignedforminimalenergyusageandmaximumplantoutput.Itevenoperatesmainlyatnighttocapitalizeonoff-peakelectricityrates,awisedecisionthatsavesmoney.“Nowweareabletoofferfreshvegetablestolocalsyear-round,”saysEthan.“Theprojectalsoenrichesthestudents’experience.”ACWCstudent,LexiTorres,speakstoshippingcompanyContainerLift,“Thisprojectisaboutempoweringnext-generationgrowerstoputreal-worldchallengeslikeclimatechangeandfoodshortageintostudies.We’relearninghowtofeedpeoplewithfewerresources.That’sthefuture.”4.WhydidEthanrepurposeashippingcontainer?A.Toreducefooddeserts. B.Toachievechildhooddream.C.Tolessenregionalpoverty. D.Topromotemodernagriculture.5.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribetheGreenhouse?A.Durableandflexible. B.Futuristicandfancy.C.Fruitfulandpainstaking. D.Eco-friendlyandhigh-tech.6.Whatkeyfactorisconsideredfornightoperationofthegreenhouse?A.Output. B.Cost. C.Function. D.Effectiveness.7.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Ethanbroughtagriculturalproblemsunderthespotlight.B.Ethanreplacedtraditionalfarmingwithverticalfarming.C.Theprojecthassolvedenvironmentalmattersinthearea.D.Theprojectplantsseedsthatgofarbeyondthegreenhouse.【答案】4.A5.D6.B7.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章講述Ethan與學(xué)生將集裝箱改造成高科技溫室，低能耗、產(chǎn)量高，能全年供鮮菜，還助學(xué)生應(yīng)對現(xiàn)實挑戰(zhàn)，意義深遠(yuǎn)。【4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“GrowingupinWyoming,whichhas80fooddesertsacross21counties,hesawresidentsinhisneighbourhoodstrugglingtoaccessfreshproduce.‘Ihavealwaysbeeninvolvedwithagricultureandeducation.IwantedtofindanopportunitythatwouldputtogetherallofmyskillstosolvethepressingissueofWyoming,’saysEthan.(他在懷俄明州長大，那里有21個縣的80個食品荒漠，他看到附近的居民難以獲得新鮮農(nóng)產(chǎn)品。伊森說，‘我一直從事農(nóng)業(yè)和教育工作。我想找到一個機(jī)會，把我所有的技能集中起來，解決懷俄明州的緊迫問題?！?”及“He,togetherwithagroupofstudentsfromCWC,takesagriculturalinnovationtothenextlevel—bytransformingastandard8-by-40-footshippingcontainerintoaclimate-controlledgreenhouse.(他與來自CWC的一群學(xué)生一起，將農(nóng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新提升到了一個新的水平——將一個標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的8乘40英尺的集裝箱改造成一個氣候控制的溫室。)”可知，Ethan改造集裝箱是為了減少食品荒漠。故選A項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Afullyautomated(自動的)computersystemislookingaftereveryplant’sneeds,decidingwhenit’stimetoturnonthebrightLEDsunshineeachday,aswellasdeliveringtherightamountofwater.(一個全自動的計算機(jī)系統(tǒng)正在照顧每一家工廠的需求，決定每天何時打開明亮的LED陽光，并提供適量的水。)”及第四段“Thesetupallowsstudentstogrowdeliciousvegetablesandherbs,withtheentiresystemdesignedforminimalenergyusageandmaximumplantoutput.(該設(shè)置允許學(xué)生種植美味的蔬菜和草藥，整個系統(tǒng)旨在實現(xiàn)最低的能耗和最大的植物產(chǎn)量。)”可知，這個溫室環(huán)保且高科技。故選D項?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Itevenoperatesmainlyatnighttocapitalizeonoff-peakelectricityrates,awisedecisionthatsavesmoney.(它甚至主要在夜間運行，以利用非高峰電價，這是一個省錢的明智決定。)”可知，夜間運行考慮的關(guān)鍵因素是成本。故選B項。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thisprojectisaboutempoweringnext-generationgrowerstoputreal-worldchallengeslikeclimatechangeandfoodshortageintostudies.We’relearninghowtofeedpeoplewithfewerresources.That’sthefuture.(該項目旨在使下一代種植者能夠?qū)夂蜃兓图Z食短缺等現(xiàn)實世界的挑戰(zhàn)納入研究。我們正在學(xué)習(xí)如何用更少的資源養(yǎng)活人們。這就是未來。)”可知，這個項目的意義遠(yuǎn)超溫室本身。故選D項。CThegrassandvegetablesthatrabbitseatarerichindietaryfiber,sotheyneedtochew(咀嚼)thefoodthoroughlywiththeirteeth.Whenchewing,theirteethrubagainsteachotherandgraduallyweardown,sorabbitsneedtokeepgrowingtheirteeththroughouttheirlives.Previously,researchershadassumedthatwildrabbitsintentionallyatecalcium-rich(含鈣豐富的)foodssuchasleafyvegetablestomaintaintoothgrowth.However,aSwiss-Finnishresearchteampointedoutthatthisassumptionoverlookedthefactthatrabbitstakeinfoodalongwiththetoothpowderthatisrubbedoffwhentheychew.Theysuggestedthattherabbit’sowntoothpowdercouldbeabsorbed,providingalastingsourceofcalciumoutsideoffood.Toinvestigatewhetherrabbitteethareasourceofcalcium,theteamconductedatwo-weekfeedingexperimentinwhicheightfemalerabbitsweregivenfoodcontainingeitherastandardcalciumsupplementorground-uprabbitteeth.Therabbits’droppingswereanalyzed.Theresultsshowedthatrabbitswhoateastandardcalciumsupplementabsorbed20percentofthecalciumtheyate,whereasrabbitswhoatethetoothpowderabsorbed33percentofthecalcium.Generally,foodgiventopetrabbitsintentionallycontainscalciumtosupportthegrowthoftheirteeth.However,thisstudysuggeststhatrabbitscanreabsorbcalciumfromtheirownteeth,sohumansmaybegivingrabbitstoomuchcalcium.Healthyrabbitscandischargeextracalciumintheirurine(尿),butiftheyhavekidneyproblems,extracalciumcancauseillness.Urinarydiseasesarecommoninpetrabbits,soit’simportanttokeepaneyeontheircalciumintake.Furtherresearchisneededtofindoutjusthowmuchcalciumrabbitsneedtomaintaintoothgrowthandwhetherthepowder-eatingcircleissufficientforthis.“Thisisaninterestingpieceofthepuzzleaboutoneofnature’sgreatinventions,”saidDr.Jean-MichelHutt,aprofessorattheUniversityofZurich.“Wewillcontinuetostudytoothwearandregeneration.”8.Whathappenstorabbitswhentheychewhigh-fiberfood?A.Toothdeformation. B.Toothwear. C.Toothweakness. D.Toothache.9.Whatdoesthenewresearchfocuson?A.Thehabitsofrabbits. B.Thedroppingsofrabbits.C.Foodintakeforrabbits. D.Calciumsourcesforrabbits.10.Whatdotheresearcherssuggestregardingraisingrabbits?A.Removingurineanddroppingstimely. B.Conductingdiseasescreeningregularly.C.Notofferingovermuchcalciumindiets. D.Notignoringthedailycleaningofteeth.11.WhatisDr.Hutt’sattitudetothenewresearch?A.Positive. B.Doubtful. C.Unclear. D.Indifferent.【答案】8.B9.D10.C11.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)兔子咀嚼時產(chǎn)生的牙粉末可提供鈣，其吸收率高于食物補充的鈣，故建議飼養(yǎng)時勿過量補鈣，還需進(jìn)一步研究其鈣需求。【8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Whenchewing,theirteethrubagainsteachotherandgraduallyweardown,sorabbitsneedtokeepgrowingtheirteeththroughouttheirlives.(在咀嚼過程中，它們的牙齒相互摩擦，逐漸磨損，所以兔子一生都需要不斷長出新的牙齒)”可知，兔子咀嚼高纖維食物時會牙齒磨損。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Toinvestigatewhetherrabbitteethareasourceofcalcium,theteamconductedatwo-weekfeedingexperimentinwhicheightfemalerabbitsweregivenfoodcontainingeitherastandardcalciumsupplementorground-uprabbitteeth.Therabbits’droppingswereanalyzed.(為了探究兔子的牙齒是否是鈣的來源，研究團(tuán)隊進(jìn)行了一項為期兩周的實驗。在這項實驗中，八只雌性兔子分別被喂食含有標(biāo)準(zhǔn)鈣補充劑的食物和磨碎的兔子牙齒制成的食物。隨后對兔子的糞便進(jìn)行了分析)”可知，這項新研究的重點是兔子的鈣質(zhì)來源。故選D?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“However,thisstudysuggeststhatrabbitscanreabsorbcalciumfromtheirownteeth,sohumansmaybegivingrabbitstoomuchcalcium.Healthyrabbitscandischargeextracalciumintheirurine(尿),butiftheyhavekidneyproblems,extracalciumcancauseillness.Urinarydiseasesarecommoninpetrabbits,soit’simportanttokeepaneyeontheircalciumintake.(然而，這項研究表明兔子能夠從自身的牙齒中重新吸收鈣質(zhì)，所以人類可能給兔子補充了過多的鈣。健康的兔子會在尿液中排出多余的鈣，但如果它們有腎臟問題，多余的鈣就會引發(fā)疾病。寵物兔子容易患泌尿系統(tǒng)疾病，因此要注意控制它們的鈣攝入量)”可知，研究人員建議養(yǎng)兔子不要在飼料中添加過多的鈣。故選C?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Thisisaninterestingpieceofthepuzzleaboutoneofnature’sgreatinventions,”saidDr.Jean-MichelHutt,aprofessorattheUniversityofZurich.“Wewillcontinuetostudytoothwearandregeneration.”(“這對于我們理解自然界的一項重大發(fā)明而言，是一段頗具意義的探索內(nèi)容，”蘇黎世大學(xué)的教授讓-米歇爾·胡特博士說道?！拔覀儗⒗^續(xù)研究牙齒的磨損與再生現(xiàn)象?！?”可推知，赫特博士對這項新研究持積極態(tài)度。故選A。DYouknowwhenyouseesomeoneyawn(打哈欠),andsuddenly,youfindyourselfyawningsecondslater.It’spossiblethat,justlikeayawn,stressworkssimilarly.Thinkabouthowmanytimesyou’vefeltstressedoutwhenafamilymember,orcoworkeraroundyouwasexhibitingsymptomsofstress.Thisphenomenon,knownassecondhandanxiety,hasbeenontherise,particularlyinourhyper-connectedworld.Totrulycomprehendsecondhandanxiety,weneedtolookintotheneurological(神經(jīng)學(xué)的)basisofempathyandemotionalcontagion(傳染).Ourbrainsarewiredforsocialconnectionandempathy,whichallowsustounderstandandsharethefeelingsofothers.Whenweobservesomeoneexperiencingstressoranxiety,ourbrainsvoluntarilybegintomirrortheiremotionalstate.Thisprocessisdrivenbymirrorneurons,specializedbraincellsthatfirebothwhenweperformanactionandwhenweobservesomeoneelseperformingthesameaction.Ourfamily,closerelationshipsandworkplaceenvironmentsareallsignificantsourcesofsecondhandanxiety.However,inthedigitalage,socialmediaandonlineinteractionshavebecomemajorcontributors.Constantexposuretodeliberatelydesignedfilmsofothers’lives,aswellastherapidspreadoffalsenewscanleadtofeelingsoffailure,fear,andanxiety.Sometimes,thissharedemotionalexperienceisapositivething—itallowsustoconnectonadeeperlevelwiththosewecareabout.Butwhensomeone’sanxiousenergybeginstodisturbyourpeaceofmind,thisempathycanturnpoisonous.Fortunately,thereareseveralstrategieswecanemploytomanageandpreventsecondhandanxiety.Oneofthemostimportantstepsissettinglimits.Ifyoufeelthepersonisstartingtotakeatollonyou,youcan“takestrategicescapes”.Forexample,startyourphonecallswithabreathandcalmlysay“I’msobusy.”Learntosaynototakingonothers’problems.Ofcourse,it’snotjustotherpeople’sstressthatmatters—ourownmindsetaffectsthehappinessofthosearoundus.Apositivemindsetcanimproveourownlives,andthelivesofeveryonearoundus.12.Whydoestheauthorreferto“yawn”atthebeginning?A.Todescribeaninterestingscene. B.Tointroduceasimilarphenomenon.C.Topresentthestateofteenagers. D.Toshowsideeffectscausedbystress.13.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Theactivityofbrainineasinganxiety. B.Thesymptomsofsecondhandanxiety.C.Thesciencebehindsecondhandanxiety. D.Theroleofbraininregulatingourbody.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“takeatollon”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Haveabadeffecton. B.Tellawhitelieto.C.Makethreatsagainst. D.Takeadvantageof.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitle?A.EmotionalContagion:CanWeGetSecondhandMood?B.MentalDisorder:TheStressYouSufferfromHardWork.C.StressManagement:HowtoCopewithStressinOurLives?D.SecondhandAnxiety:HiddenImpactsofStressonOurLives.【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章通過類比“哈欠傳染”引出“二手焦慮”現(xiàn)象，并分析其科學(xué)原理、傳播途徑及應(yīng)對方法，強調(diào)現(xiàn)代社會中間接壓力對心理健康的影響?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Youknowwhenyouseesomeoneyawn(打哈欠),andsuddenly,youfindyourselfyawningsecondslater.It’spossiblethat,justlikeayawn,stressworkssimilarly.(你知道當(dāng)你看到別人打哈欠時，突然，幾秒鐘后你自己也開始打哈欠。有可能，就像打哈欠一樣，壓力的作用也是類似的。)”可知，作者開頭提到“打哈欠”是為了引入類似的“二手焦慮”現(xiàn)象。故選B項?！?3題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Totrulycomprehendsecondhandanxiety,weneedtolookintotheneurological(神經(jīng)學(xué)的)basisofempathyandemotionalcontagion(傳染).Ourbrainsarewiredforsocialconnectionandempathy,whichallowsustounderstandandsharethefeelingsofothers.Whenweobservesomeoneexperiencingstressoranxiety,ourbrainsvoluntarilybegintomirrortheiremotionalstate.Thisprocessisdrivenbymirrorneurons,specializedbraincellsthatfirebothwhenweperformanactionandwhenweobservesomeoneelseperformingthesameaction.(為了真正理解“二手焦慮”，我們需要研究同理心和情緒傳染的神經(jīng)基礎(chǔ)。我們的大腦天生具有社交聯(lián)系和同理心，這使我們能夠理解和分享他人的感受。當(dāng)我們觀察到有人經(jīng)歷壓力或焦慮時，我們的大腦會主動開始反映他們的情緒狀態(tài)。這個過程是由鏡像神經(jīng)元驅(qū)動的，鏡像神經(jīng)元是專門的腦細(xì)胞，當(dāng)我們執(zhí)行一個動作時，當(dāng)我們觀察到其他人執(zhí)行相同的動作時，它們都會放電。)”可知，第二段主要講“二手焦慮”背后的科學(xué)原理。故選C項?！?4題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段“Ifyoufeelthepersonisstartingtotakeatollonyou,youcan“takestrategicescapes”.Forexample,startyourphonecallswithabreathandcalmlysay“I’msobusy.”(如果你覺得這個人開始對你takeatollonyou，你可以“戰(zhàn)略性逃離”。例如，先深呼吸再打電話，平靜地說“我太忙了?！?”中“youcan“takestrategicescapes””可推測，takeatollon意為“產(chǎn)生不良影響”。故選A項?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章圍繞“二手焦慮”展開，介紹其類似打哈欠的傳染現(xiàn)象、神經(jīng)學(xué)原理、來源、影響及應(yīng)對策略，核心是“二手焦慮”對生活的潛在影響，所以D項SecondhandAnxiety:HiddenImpactsofStressonOurLives.(二手焦慮：壓力對我們生活的潛在影響。)符合文意。故選D項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Theblankpagecanbeoneofthemostawfulpartsofwriting.Whetheryou’reafull-timeauthor,orastudentwithanessayassignment,lookingatthatemptydocumentwhenyoudon’tknowwheretostartcanbedisheartening.____16____Thereis:Prewriting,thefirststepofthewritingprocess.Let’sexploresometypesofprewritingstrategies.Brainstormingishelpfulforquickideageneration.Tobrainstormduringprewriting,studentscanwritedownalltheirideasonatopicastheycomeupwiththem.____17____Iftheycometomind,youcanaddthemtoyourpageordocument.Likebrainstorming,freewritingallowsstudentstoputalltheirideasonatopiconpaper.Thedifferenceisthatfreewritingisstructuredcomparedtoabrainstormingsession.Typically,thefirststepoffreewritingissettingatimerforaperiod,likefiveminutes.____18____Journalingistheongoingprocessofwritingdownthoughts,questions,andideaswhenyouhavethemsoyoucanreferbacktothemlater.Journalingcanbealessintenseversion(版本)offreewriting.____19____Carryajournalwithyouandwritewheninspirationstrikes.____20____Knowingwhatprewritingmethodsexistandbeingabletotestthemoutonavarietyofprojectscanhelpstudentsfigureoutwhatworksbestforthem.A.Noideasarebad.B.Youcanusethe5Wsand1Hquestions.C.Howtojumpovertheblankpagetonextstep?D.Ithappensovertimeratherthaninshort,timedblocks.E.Duringthattime,youwriteaboutyourtopicwithoutstopping.F.Nosinglestrategyismosteffectiveforeverywriterorproject.G.Whatiftherewereamagicsolutiontotakeawaytheblankpage?【答案】16.G17.A18.E19.D20.F【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了寫作中空白頁令人沮喪，而預(yù)寫是解決之道，還說明了頭腦風(fēng)暴、自由寫作、日記寫作等預(yù)寫策略及選擇適合方法的重要性?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Theblankpagecanbeoneofthemostawfulpartsofwriting.(空白的頁面可能是寫作過程中最令人頭疼的部分之一)”可知，前文提到空白頁面令人沮喪，后文回應(yīng)“Thereis:Prewriting,thefirststepofthewritingprocess.(有一個辦法：預(yù)寫作，是寫作過程中的第一步)”，說明此處是提出一個關(guān)于解決空白頁面問題的疑問，故G選項“如果有一種神奇的方法能消除空白頁該多好？”符合語境，故選G?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Brainstormingishelpfulforquickideageneration.Tobrainstormduringprewriting,studentscanwritedownalltheirideasonatopicastheycomeupwiththem.(頭腦風(fēng)暴有助于快速產(chǎn)生想法。在預(yù)寫階段進(jìn)行頭腦風(fēng)暴時，學(xué)生們可以將想到的所有關(guān)于某個主題的想法都記錄下來)”可知，上文提到brainstorming(頭腦風(fēng)暴)的特點是快速生成所有想法，本句繼續(xù)解釋頭腦風(fēng)暴的特點，故A選項“沒有什么想法是不好的”符合語境，故選A?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Likebrainstorming,freewritingallowsstudentstoputalltheirideasonatopiconpaper.Thedifferenceisthatfreewritingisstructuredcomparedtoabrainstormingsession.Typically,thefirststepoffreewritingissettingatimerforaperiod,likefiveminutes.(與頭腦風(fēng)暴類似，自由寫作能讓學(xué)生將關(guān)于某個主題的所有想法都寫在紙上。不同之處在于，自由寫作是有一定結(jié)構(gòu)的，而頭腦風(fēng)暴則沒有這種結(jié)構(gòu)。通常，自由寫作的第一步是設(shè)定一個計時器，比如五分鐘)”可知，前文提到自由寫作需設(shè)定時間（如5分鐘），本句承接上文，解釋了定時后的具體做法，故E選項“在這段時間里，你持續(xù)圍繞主題進(jìn)行寫作，不停歇”符合語境，故選E?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Journalingistheongoingprocessofwritingdownthoughts,questions,andideaswhenyouhavethemsoyoucanreferbacktothemlater.Journalingcanbealessintenseversion(版本)offreewriting.(日記記錄是一種持續(xù)性的行為，即在腦海中產(chǎn)生想法、疑問或觀點時便將其記錄下來，以便日后查閱。日記記錄可以看作是無拘無束寫作的一種較溫和的形式)”可知，日記寫作（Journaling）與自由寫作的區(qū)別在于“ongoingprocess”，本句繼續(xù)描述自由寫作這一特點，故D選項“這是一個逐漸積累的過程，而非在短時間內(nèi)分塊完成”符合語境，故選D。【20題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Knowingwhatprewritingmethodsexistandbeingabletotestthemoutonavarietyofprojectscanhelpstudentsfigureoutwhatworksbestforthem.(了解現(xiàn)有的各種預(yù)寫方法，并能在不同的項目中對其進(jìn)行實踐檢驗，能夠幫助學(xué)生找到最適合自己的方法)”可知，下文提到“了解不同預(yù)寫方法并嘗試，找到最適合自己的”，本句引出下文關(guān)于選擇適合方法的內(nèi)容，故F選項“沒有一種策略對每個作者或每個項目都最有效”符合語境，故選F。第三部分語言運用(共三節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Ithappenedtomeagainrecently.Ithashappenedbeforeanditwillprobablyhappenagain.Ihadjustfinished____21____mysontotheworkshop.Idecidedonmywayhometopickupsomebananas.AsIpulledintothestoreparkinglot,the____22____openedupandthesunshonethrough.Theairwasfreshandsweetsmellingfromalltherecentrain.Walkingtowardsthestoreentrance,Ithoughttomyselfwhata(n)____23____worldwelivein.Thatiswhenit____24____.JustasIwalkedthroughthedoor,anelderlyladypushinghershoppingcart____25____mewithalovelysmile.Then,asIturnedthecornertothefruitsection,alittlegirlgavemea____26____smilethatlitupthepassage.I____27____whatwasgoingonasIgrabbedmygroceries.Walkingtothe____28____,Ifoundthecashiergavemeawarmsmileaswell.____29____,Ilookedupandsawmy____30____inthestorewindow.Ihadbeensmilingwithoutknowingitagain.EachofthosepeoplehadbeenreturningtomethispreciousgiftIhadfreelybut____31____giventhem.Ismiledagainandlaughedtomyself.ThenIwentoutandIcouldfeelthesunsmilingdownonme____32____.Theworldisyour___33___.Whatyouputoutintoit,whetheryourealizeitornot,iswhatyou___34___.Doyourbesttoshareyoursmileand____35____yourjoytoeveryoneyoumeet.21.A.walking B.driving C.cycling D.leading22.A.flowers B.road C.clouds D.sky23.A.interesting B.endless C.touching D.beautiful24.A.happened B.changed C.formed D.worked25.A.equipped B.tricked C.showered D.filled26.A.thoughtful B.significant C.forced D.bright27.A.checked B.wondered C.indicated D.understood28.A.elevator B.window C.checkout D.shelf29.A.Grateful B.Puzzled C.Joyful D.Relieved30.A.reflection B.picture C.pattern D.figure31.A.unwillingly B.unavoidably C.unnecessarily D.unknowingly32.A.intime B.inreturn C.inexchange D.inresponse33.A.mirror B.partner C.stage D.friend34.A.payoff B.waitfor C.getback D.careabout35.A.spread B.teach C.explain D.promote【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.A25.C26.D27.B28.C29.B30.A31.D32.B33.A34.C35.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述作者外出時無意識微笑，收獲他人微笑回饋，感悟世界如鏡，付出即所得，應(yīng)向他人分享微笑與快樂?！?1題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我剛開車送兒子去了車間。A.walking步行；B.driving開車；C.cycling騎自行車；D.leading帶領(lǐng)。根據(jù)下文“AsIpulledintothestoreparkinglot”可知，作者是開車去的，driving符合語境。故選B項?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我把車開進(jìn)商店停車場時，云層散開，陽光照射下來。A.flowers花；B.road路；C.clouds云；D.sky天空。根據(jù)下文“thesunshonethrough”可知，是云層散開，陽光才能透出來，clouds符合語境。故選C項?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：走向商店入口時，我心想我們生活在一個多么美麗的世界。A.interesting有趣的；B.endless無盡的；C.touching感人的；D.beautiful美麗的。根據(jù)上文“Theairwasfreshandsweetsmellingfromalltherecentrain”以及語境可知，上文描述陽光明媚、空氣清新甜美，所以作者覺得世界是美麗的，beautiful符合語境。故選D項?！?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：就在那時，事情發(fā)生了。A.happened發(fā)生；B.changed改變；C.formed形成；D.worked工作。根據(jù)文章開頭提到“Ithappenedtomeagainrecently.Ithashappenedbefore”以及語境可知，此處是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，指之前發(fā)生過的事情再次發(fā)生。故選A項?！?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：就在我進(jìn)門時，一位推著購物車的老太太給了我一個可愛的微笑。A.equipped配備；B.tricked欺騙；C.showered大量給予；D.filled充滿。根據(jù)下文“mewithalovelysmile”以及語境可知，這里指老太太給了作者一個可愛的微笑，showersb.withsth.表示“給某人大量某物”，符合語境。故選C項?！?6題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，當(dāng)我拐到水果區(qū)時，一個小女孩給了我一個燦爛的微笑，照亮了通道。A.thoughtful深思的；B.significant重要的；C.forced被迫的；D.bright燦爛的。根據(jù)下文“l(fā)itupthepassage”可推知，這里指小女孩的微笑是燦爛的，bright符合語境。故選D項?！?7題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我拿雜貨時，想知道發(fā)生了什么事。A.checked檢查；B.wondered想知道；C.indicated表明；D.understood理解。根據(jù)下文“whatwasgoingon”以及語境可知，這里指作者接連收到微笑，從而疑惑原因，想知道發(fā)生了什么事。故選B項?！?8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：走到收銀臺，我發(fā)現(xiàn)收銀員也給了我一個溫暖的微笑。A.elevator電梯；B.window窗戶；C.checkout收銀臺；D.shelf架子。根據(jù)“thecashier”可知，這里指作者走到了收銀臺，checkout符合語境。故選C項。【29題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我很困惑，抬頭看見商店櫥窗里自己的倒影。A.Grateful感激的；B.Puzzled困惑的；C.Joyful快樂的；D.Relieved寬慰的。根據(jù)上文“whatwasgoingon”以及語境可知，這里指作者一直疑惑為什么大家都對自己微笑，所以是困惑的，Puzzled符合語境。故選B項?！?0題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我很困惑，抬頭看見商店櫥窗里自己的倒影。A.reflection倒影；B.picture圖片；C.pattern圖案；D.figure身影。根據(jù)下文“inthestorewindow”以及語境可知，這里指在櫥窗里看到的應(yīng)該是自己的倒影，reflection符合語境。故選A項?！?1題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：那些人都在把我自由但無意識地給予他們的珍貴禮物還給我。A.unwillingly不情愿地；B.unavoidably不可避免地；C.unnecessarily不必要地；D.unknowingly無意識地。根據(jù)上文“Ihadbeensmilingwithoutknowingitagain”可知，作者是無意識地微笑，unknowingly是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選D項?！?2題詳析】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：然后我走出去，能感覺到太陽作為回報也在對我微笑。A.intime及時；B.inreturn作為回報；C.inexchange作為交換；D.inresponse作為回應(yīng)。根據(jù)上文“Eachofthosepeoplehadbeenreturningtomethispreciousgift”以及語境可知，作者收到人們的微笑，出去后感覺太陽也在對自己微笑，這像是一種回報，return與前文returning對應(yīng)。故選B項?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：世界是你的鏡子。A.mirror鏡子；B.partner伙伴；C.stage舞臺；D.friend朋友。根據(jù)下文“Whatyouputoutintoit,whetheryourealizeitornot,iswhatyou.”以及語境可知，這里指你付出什么就會得到什么，世界像鏡子一樣，mirror符合語境。故選A項?！?4題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：無論你是否意識到，你向世界付出的，就是你得到的。A.payoff還清；B.waitfor等待；C.getback得到；D.careabout關(guān)心。根據(jù)上文“Whatyouputoutintoit”以及語境可知，這里指付出與得到相對應(yīng)，getback符合語境。故選C項?！?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：盡你所能與你遇到的每個人分享你的微笑，傳播你的快樂。A.spread傳播；B.teach教；C.explain解釋；D.promote促進(jìn)。根據(jù)下文“ourjoytoeveryoneyoumeet”以及語境可知，與“shareyoursmile”并列，是傳播快樂，spread符合語境。故選A項。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分)根據(jù)所給單詞的漢語或首字母提示，在答題卡上寫出空缺處單詞的正確形式，每空一詞。36.Itwas________(慷慨的)ofhertooffertopayforourdinner.(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)【答案】generous【詳析】考查形容詞。句意：她主動提出為我們支付晚餐費用，真是很慷慨。根據(jù)漢語提示“慷慨的”，以及句中Itwas和ofher可知，此處需用形容詞generous作表語。故填generous。37.Pleasedonot______(猶豫)tocontactusifyouhaveanyquestions.(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)【答案】hesitate【詳析】考查動詞。句意：如果您有任何問題，請隨時與我們聯(lián)系。根據(jù)漢語提示“猶豫”可知，應(yīng)填動詞hesitate，此處為否定祈使句，donot后跟動詞原形。故填hesitate。38.Sofar,onlythreecountrieshavefinishedspacewalks______(獨立地).(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)【答案】independently【詳析】考查副詞。句意：迄今為止，僅有三個國家能夠獨立完成太空行走任務(wù)。根據(jù)漢語提示“獨立地”可知，此處為副詞independently，作狀語，修飾動詞havefinished。故填independently。39.The______(虛擬的)libraryprovides24/7accesstomillionsofe-books.(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)【答案】virtual【詳析】考查形容詞。句意：這個虛擬圖書館提供24小時全天候的電子書訪問服務(wù)，擁有數(shù)百萬冊電子圖書可供使用。根據(jù)漢語提示和空格后的名詞library可知，空格處應(yīng)該用形容詞virtual作定語，修飾后面的名詞。故填virtual。40.Ahuge______(人群)gatheredinthetownsquareastheharvestfestivalbegan.(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)【答案】crowd【詳析】考查名詞。句意：豐收節(jié)開始時一大群人聚集在了城鎮(zhèn)廣場上。所填詞作主語且其前有a修飾，要用單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。所填詞“人群”對應(yīng)的英語是crowd，故填crowd。41.Seniorscanenjoya20%d______ontheticketprice.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)【答案】discount【詳析】考查名詞。句意：老年人可以享受20%的票價折扣。根據(jù)單詞首字母以及句意可知用名詞discount，作賓語，冠詞a提示用其單數(shù)形式。故填discount。42.Thebabywassleeping,sotheyloweredtheirvoicetoaw________.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)【答案】whisper【詳析】考查名詞。句意：寶寶在睡覺，所以他們把聲音壓低到耳語的程度。根據(jù)單詞首字母以及句意“耳語聲；輕聲”以及上文toa可知，此處應(yīng)填名詞。故填whisper。43.Trytoforgivesomeonewhentheya________.It’snoteasyforanyonetosaysorry.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)【答案】apologize【詳析】考查動詞。句意：當(dāng)別人道歉時，試著原諒他們。對任何人來說，說抱歉都不容易。根據(jù)“Trytoforgivesomeone”和“It’snoteasyforanyonetosaysorry”可知，當(dāng)別人做出道歉這個行為的時候要試著原諒他們，結(jié)合首字母提示，應(yīng)用動詞apologize，作從句謂語，意為“道歉”，句子描述一般性事實，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，主語是復(fù)數(shù)代詞，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填apologize。44.Theaudiencecheeredandc______theirhandswhenwewentuptogetourprize.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)【答案】clapped【詳析】考查動詞。句意：當(dāng)我們走上臺去領(lǐng)取獎品時，觀眾們歡呼起來并鼓掌。根據(jù)單詞首字母以及句意可知用動詞clap，結(jié)合上文cheered可知為一般過去時。故填clapped。45.Thecompanyisfacingseriousf______challengesduetotheeconomicdownturn.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)【答案】financial【詳析】考查形容詞。句意：由于經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢不佳，該公司正面臨嚴(yán)重的財務(wù)困境。根據(jù)單詞首字母以及句意可知用形容詞financial，修飾名詞challenges。故填financial。第三節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1分，滿分5分)閱讀下列各句，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)單詞或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。46.Anursewasappointed______(attend)herduringherillness.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)【答案】toattend【詳析】考查非謂語。句意：一名護(hù)士被指派在她生病期間照顧她。分析句子可知，這里考查beappointedtodosth.，是