GrammarandUsage(I)SentenceElementsandSentenceStructuresUnit1BacktoschoolSentenceElements

Pointoutthesentenceelementsoftheunderlinedpart(s)ofthefollowingsentences.1.Hedoesn’thaveanythingtodoatthemoment.2.Listeningtomusicmakesmerelaxed.3.Clearly,talkingtohimisamistake.4.Weshoulddevelopgoodstudyhabits.5.IfelthappybecauseIwaspraisedbytheteacher.6.Manystudentsjoinschoolclubs.7.ThesubjectIlikebestisEnglish.SentenceElementsandSentenceStructures1.Hedoesn’thaveanythingtodoatthemoment.

2.Listeningtomusicmakesmerelaxed.3.Clearly,talkingtohimisamistake.4.Weshoulddevelopgoodstudyhabits.Attributive(定語）Complement(補語)Adverbial(狀語)Object(賓語)SentenceElementsandSentenceStructures5.IfelthappybecauseIwaspraisedbytheteacher.6.Manystudentsjoinschoolclubs.7.ThesubjectIlikebestisEnglish.Predicative(表語)Verb(謂語)Subject(主語)SentenceElementsGothroughtheGrammarnoteson97.WhatdoesAlbertEinsteinsay?Doyouagreewithhim?What’sthesignificanceofsettinggoals?Listentothespeechonpage6andanswerthequestions.Step1WatchandanswerNo.FiveSentencepatternsSubject(主語)Verb(謂語)Object(賓語)Whatelse?(其他)Structure(結構)1Iagree.SV2Bysettinggoals,Wecandevelopgoodhabits.SVO3Settinggoalscangiveafocustous.SVOO4Settinggoalsmakesusmoreconfident.SVOC5Goalsareimportant.SVPIagreeWecandevelopgoodhabitsSettinggoalscangiveafocustousSettinggoalsmakesusmoreconfidentGoalsareimportantStep1WatchandanswerExploringtherules若是在句子中，句子中的主語就相當于主角。我們就寫一句以李華(LiHua)為主語的話吧。（我們就演一場以李華為主角的戲吧。）主角登場！Step1WatchandanswerExploringtherules李華是一名學生。________________________??

看，李華就是我們的主角，句子的核心。這就是主語，主語可以是名詞，代詞，數(shù)詞，動詞不定式，動名詞，從句，the+形容詞等等。LiHuaisastudent.1.主角登場—主語(Subject)Step1WatchandanswerExploringtherules李華是一名新高一學生。_________________________??“newsenior”（新高中的）就像給“student”（學生）這個身份化了個妝，讓它更具體。修飾名詞的成分叫定語。定語一般為形容詞、定語從句等。LiHuaisanewseniorstudent.2.給主角化妝—定語(Attributive)Step1WatchandanswerExploringtherules李華談論了他的目標。________________________??“talkedabout”（談論）是主角發(fā)出的動作，即為謂語?！癶isgoals”（他的目標）是動作“談論”的承受對象，即為賓語。LiHuatalkedabouthisgoals.3.主角的行動—謂語(Verb)4.行動的對象——賓語(Object)Step1WatchandanswerExploringtherules李華今早談論了他的目標。________________________??“thismorning”（今天早上）交代了動作發(fā)生的時間，為故事搭建了舞臺，即為時間狀語。另還有地點狀語、原因狀語、目的狀語等。LiHuatalkedabouthisgoalsthismorning.5.搭建舞臺——狀語(Adverbial)Step1WatchandanswerExploringtherules他的目標是提升英語。________________________??“toimprovehisEnglish”（提高英語）位于系動詞“is”后面，說明了主語“Hisgoal”的內(nèi)容或狀態(tài)，即為表語。HisgoalistoimprovehisEnglish.6.主角的身份/狀態(tài)—表語(Predicative)Step1Watchandanswer系動詞:“妝”感正持續(xù)變好1.狀態(tài)be動詞（am/is/are）2.感官3.證明prove4.持續(xù)5.變化6.好像look,taste,feel,smell,soundkeep,stay,remainbecome,get,go,grow,turnseem,appearLiHuaissuretoimprovehisEnglishbystudyinghardandsodoYOU!Step1WatchandanswerExploringtherules他的老師——王老師，給了他很多支持。________________________??“Mrs.Wang”（王老師）即“Histeacher”（他的老師），是同一個人的不同名稱，起補充說明的作用。這就是同位語。Histeacher,Mrs.Wang,gavehimmuchsupport.8.主角的“影分身”——同位語(Appositive)Step1WatchandanswerExploringtherules王老師的支持讓李華非常開心。________________________________??“veryhappy”（非常開心）補充說明了賓語“LiHua”的感受，讓句意變得完整圓滿。這就是賓語補足語。Mrs.Wang’ssupporthasmadeLiHuaveryhappy.8.補充劇情—賓語補足語(ObjectComplement)Step1WatchandanswerApplyingtherules主語+謂語賓語定語狀語補語同位語表語LiHua’sstoryLiHuaisanewseniorstudent.Hetalkedabouthisgoalsthismorning.HisgoalistoimprovehisEnglish.Histeacher,Mrs.Wang,gavehimmuchsupport.Mrs.Wang’ssupporthasmadeLiHuaveryhappy.Step1WatchandanswerApplyingtherulesLiHua’sgoalLiHuaisanewseniorstudent.Hetalkedabouthisgoalsthismorning.HisgoalistoimprovehisEnglish.Histeacher,Mrs.Wang,gavehimmuchsupport.Mrs.Wang’ssupporthasmadeLiHuaveryhappy.Matcheachsentencewiththecorrectstruture.a.SVb.SVPc.SVOd.SVOOe.SVOCWorkingouttheRulesSubject+Verb(SV)Subject+Verb+Predicative(SVP)Subject+Verb+Object(SVO)Subject+Verb+Indirectobject+Directobject(SVOO)Subject+Verb+Object+Objectcomplement(SVOC)Rule2:Atransitiveverbisalwaysfollowedbya(n)_________.Objectsareusually_______or___________._WorkingouttheRulesobjectnounspronounsRule1

Thesubjectandthe__________arenecessarypartsofasentence.verbRule3:Someverbscanhavetwoobjects.

Theindirectobjectusuallyreferstoapersonandthedirectobjectathing.S+V+IO+DOSettinggoalsgivesyou

afocusinlife.MyEnglishteacherBengaveme

apresentformyhardwork.WorkingouttheRulesS+V+O+OCDoyourbestandmakeusproud.Rule4:Theobjectcomplementaddsmoreinformationabouttheobject.objectcomplementWorkingouttheRulesCompletethefollowingsentenceswithproperobjectcomplements.

1.Shefeltsomething_______onherskin.2.Justinenamedhisgrandson________.3.Myclassmatespaintedthebackwall_______.4.Mydaughterimaginedherself_________inamountainvillage.5.Ourparentsencouragedus_____________atschool.climbingMaxwhitelivingtostudyhardPracticeWeuseanadverbialtoshow

when

(adverbialoftime),where(adverbialofplace)orhow(adverbialofmanner)anactionisdone.Eg.We(carefully)watchedourchemistryteacherdoanexperiment[withtubes][inthelab][lastweek].AdverbialshowhowwherewhenFindouttheadverbials.1.Putsimply,potentialisyournaturalability.2.Torealizeyourgoal,youneedtohaveagoodplan,manageyourtimewellandpayattentiontodetails.3.Whenyouachieveagoal,youseetheresultofyourhardwork.Practice

1.PreviewPage7(BApplyingtherules)2.Page58PartCHomework1.Weathermattersagreatdeal.()2.Schoolmealsarefreshandhealthy.()3.Ourschooloffersstudentsabalanceddiet.()4.Abalanceddietkeepsthebodyhealthy.()5.Studentshavefreshfruitandvegetables.()

P58C.Matchthesentencesbelowwiththecorrectstructures.a.SV b.SVPc.SVO d.SVOO

e.SVOC f.SVA g.SVOAfbdec6.AmylikeswatchingEnglishfilmsverymuch.()7.Englishlearningisinteresting,meaningfulandpractical.()8.FocusingonusingEnglishmakesEnglishlearningmoreeffective.()9.Thespeechbegan.()10.SheacquiresagoodknowledgeofEnglish.()

P58C.Matchthesentencebelowwiththecorrectstructures.gbeaca.SV b.SVPc.SVO d.SVOO

e.SVOC f.SVA g.SVOA

P7B1Markthedifferentelementsofeachsentencewithdifferentsymbols.

1.You

willfind

(seniorhigh)school

differentfrom(juniorhigh)school.2.(Your)schoolwork

willbe

morechallenging.3.We

willgive

you

(more)independence.4.You

shouldlisten

[morecarefully