UNIT3

FascinatingParksDiscoveringUsefulStructures01單擊此處添加標(biāo)題

Lead-inHaveyoueverseenthesesigns?Smoking/Littering/Spitting

isprohibited/banned.01單擊此處添加標(biāo)題功能句子Iwakeuptothesoundofthewind

theclothofmytent.Closeby,thereareafewreindeer

ongrass.Eventhoughthesunisbrightlyshining,

whetheritismorningornight

isimpossible.

here

isquitedifficult,soapartfromtheSamiveryfewpeoplehaveeverseenSarek.Forhundredsofyears,

afterreindeer

wasawayoflifefortheSami.

insuchabeautifulandwildplacemakesmefeelblessedtobealive.

beforeme,branchesoftheRapaRiverflowthroughthevalleybelow.Around9,000yearsago,thisicemelted,

about100glaciers.Buteveryspring,asmallnumberofSamistillfollowtheirreindeerintothevalleysofSarek,

intentsoroldcottages

and

theirtraditions.

HereIam,aloneunderthisbroadsky,

thefreshair,and

thisgreatadventure.Forexample,thismorningmybreakfastisflatbreadwarmedoverafire,driedreindeermeat,andsomesweetandsourberriesthatIfound

nearmytent.作定語作主語作狀語作賓補(bǔ)buffetingtellingGettinglookingSpreadingoutleavingbehindlivingenjoyingbreathingenjoyinggrowingfeedingBeing1.動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語，表示一般或抽象的習(xí)慣性行為，謂語動(dòng)詞用______。

eg.Readingaloud____veryimportantforustolearnaforeignlanguage.

Goingtobedearlyandgettingupearly___consideredtobeagoodhabit.單數(shù)isis動(dòng)詞-ing形式

作主語2.有時(shí)為了句子平衡，避免頭重腳輕,用it作形式主語，而把真正的主語(動(dòng)詞-ing短語)后置。常見的固定句型有：動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語It+be+awasteoftimedoing…做……是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間的Itis/wasnogood/use/fundoing…做……是沒益/用處/意思的Itis/wasuseless/worthwhiledoing…做……是沒用/值得的2.有時(shí)為了句子平衡，避免頭重腳輕,用it作形式主語，而把真正的主語(動(dòng)詞-ing短語)后置。常見的固定句型有：2.有時(shí)為了句子平衡，避免頭重腳輕,用it作形式主語，而把真正的主語(動(dòng)詞-ing短語)后置。常見的固定句型有：動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語注意：動(dòng)名詞作主語用it充當(dāng)形式主語的情況很少，上表中是最常見的句式結(jié)構(gòu)。不定式作主語時(shí)，常用it充當(dāng)形式主語，如：It’snoteasytolearnaforeignlanguagewell.學(xué)好一門外語不容易。It’sdifficultforustofinishtheworkinaweek.對(duì)我們來說，一周之內(nèi)完成這項(xiàng)工作很困難。2.有時(shí)為了句子平衡，避免頭重腳輕,用it作形式主語，而把真正的主語(動(dòng)詞-ing短語)后置。常見的固定句型有：動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語Itisnouse/nogood________(cry)oversplitmilk.Itisawasteoftime_____________(persuade)suchapersontojoinus.cryingpersuading動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語3.動(dòng)詞-ing的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時(shí)，通常有兩種形式：(1)形容詞性物主代詞+動(dòng)詞-ing(2)名詞所有格+動(dòng)詞-ing_____________________madehisteacherveryangry.他再次遲到讓老師很生氣。

_____________________isagreathelptohisfamily.麥克回來工作對(duì)他全家來說都是一大幫助。HisbeinglateagainMike’sreturningtowork動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語4.動(dòng)詞-ing與動(dòng)詞不定式作主語的區(qū)別：動(dòng)詞-ing作主語，常常表示抽象的習(xí)慣性或經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作。而不定式一般表示一次性、具體性的行為。Deliveringnewspapersishisjob.送報(bào)紙是他的工作。Todelivernewspapersishisjobtoday.送報(bào)紙是他今天的工作。動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語當(dāng)句型“Thereisno...”表示“不允許、禁止某種行為的發(fā)生或存在”時(shí)，需用動(dòng)名詞作主語。Thereisnodenyingthattheenvironmentisfrombadtoworse.不能否認(rèn)環(huán)境狀況正在逐步惡化。Thereisnojokingaboutsuchmatters.這種事開不得玩笑。動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語總結(jié)表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作且常放句首形容詞性物主代詞+動(dòng)詞-ing名詞所有格+動(dòng)詞-ing動(dòng)詞-ing作主語動(dòng)詞-ing的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)It’sawastetimedoingsthIt’suseless/nouse/nogooddoingsthIt’snofundoingsthit作形式主語動(dòng)詞原形+-ing基本構(gòu)成基本用法動(dòng)詞-ing與動(dòng)詞不定式作主語的區(qū)別達(dá)標(biāo)檢測(cè)STEP2Practice2Rewriteeachofthefollowingsentencesusingthe-ingformasthesubject.ExampleItischallengingyetreallyfascinatingtohikethroughthemountainsinthepathlessSarek.TohikethroughthemountainsinthepathlessSarekischallengingyetreallyfascinating.HikingthroughthemountainsinthepathlessSarekischallengingyetreallyfascinating.Howdoesthesentencefocuschange?Theuseof-ingformsassubjectsputstheactionfirst,makingthesentencesseemmoredynamic.Practice2Rewriteeachofthefollowingsentencesusingthe-ingformasthesubject.1)Itisbothchallengingandrewardingtostudyabroad.

Tostudyabroadisbothchallengingandrewarding.Studyingabroad

isbothchallengingandrewarding.Practice

2)ItwouldhardlybepossibletogoonahikingtourinSarekinwinterduetotheextremecold.TogoonahikingtourinSarekinwinter

wouldhardlybepossibleduetotheextremecold.GoingonahikingtourinSarekinwinterwouldhardlybepossibleduetotheextremecold.Practice

3)Honestly,itcanbebothexcitingandterrifyingtoexploreavastunknownland.Honestly,

to

exploreavastunknownlandcanbebothexcitingandterrifying.Honestly,exploringavastunknownland

canbebothexcitingandterrifying.Practice

4)Itisgoodtoadoptapositiveattitude,evenwhenthingsaredifficult.Toadoptapositiveattitude

isgood,evenwhenthingsaredifficult.Adoptingapositiveattitude

isgood,evenwhenthingsaredifficult.Howdoesthesentencefocuschange?Theuseof-ingformsassubjectsputstheactionfirst,makingthesentencesseemmoredynamic.Summaryit作形式主語與動(dòng)詞ing形式作主語的區(qū)別？▲it做形式主語、不定式后置時(shí)，句子側(cè)重表語部分，強(qiáng)調(diào)行為的特征、狀態(tài)和給人的感受；▲動(dòng)詞ing形式作主語時(shí)句子側(cè)重于主語，強(qiáng)調(diào)行為本身的具體內(nèi)容，使句子更加生動(dòng)。3.Fillineachblankusingthe-ingformofaverbfromtheboxandstateitsfunction.Onewordwillbeusedtwice.combine/cover/grow/take/limit/walk/experienceXixiNationalWetlandPark,_____________10squarekilometresinwesternHangzhou,isthefirstnationalwetlandparkinChina.____________citylife,nature,andwetlandsmakestheparkapopulardestinationbothfortouristsandlocalresidents.AtXixi,___________aboattour,___________alongpaths,and___________local

customsandtraditionsofthevillagesinthisparkareatthetopof

thelistofpeople'sfavouriteactivities.Withtrees,bushes,andcolourfulflowers____________alongthecoveringCombiningtakingwalkingexperiencinggrowingbeautyindifferentseasons.Inordertobetterdevelopaswellaspreservethis

place,_________humanimpactonXixiWetlandwasconsideredbytheparkdesigners.Allthenewbuildingsweredesignedinatraditionalwaytofitintothenaturalenvironment.Thisgreen,wateryworldishometomanybirdsandfishes.

Withtrees__________intheshallows,thewetlandisanaturalsystemforprovidingcleanwaterandproducingoxygen,whichmakesitthe“greenlungsofHangzhou".limitinggrowingⅠ.單句語法填空1.Itisnouse

(advocate)suchalifeinaremotevillage.2.His

(not，get)tothestationontimemadeeveryoneworried.3.Becareful！

(play)withfirenearthewoodwillbedangerous.4.Itisacknowledgedthatswimming

(be)agoodsportinsummer.5.Itisawasteoftime

(try)topersuadehimtogiveupcomputergames.6.Itisnecessaryforusstudents

(help)eachotherintrouble.advocatingnotgettingPlayingistryingtohelpⅡ.完成句子7.

onthebeach.在海邊度假很有趣。8.

causedsomuchtrouble.湯姆這么粗心，惹來了不少麻煩。9.

forthatyoungmanisreallygreatfun.對(duì)那個(gè)年輕人來說寫英文小說很有趣。Tom’sbeingsocarelessWritingEnglishnovelsIt’sfunspendingtheholiday10.Sincethen，

hasbeenhislifegoal.從那時(shí)起，尋找方法生產(chǎn)更多的水稻是他的人生目標(biāo)。11.

madehimlateforclass.他早上起晚了，導(dǎo)致他上課遲到了。findingwaystogrowmorericeHisgettinguplateinthemorningⅢ.用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式完成下面的短文Tomspentmostofhis