8AU7Welcome一、詞匯：單詞詞性詞義文中短語語言點?coraln.珊瑚Coralreefslooklikerocks.表示珊瑚不可數(shù)表示珊瑚制品，珊瑚飾物可數(shù)reefn.礁注意復數(shù)penguinn.企鵝Thepolariceishometoanimalslikepolarbearsandpenguins.注意復數(shù)和所有格ecosystemn.生態(tài)系統(tǒng)anythingaboutecosystems注意復數(shù)eco-這個前綴往往與生態(tài)有關climaten.氣候theclimateindeserts不可數(shù)名詞二、句型：1.Totreattheearthkindlyistotreatoneselfkindly.善待地球就是善待自己。主語和表語都是動詞短語時，往往形式一致：Seeingisbelieving.Toseeistobelieve.2.Rainforestsarehometooverhalfofallthetypesofanimalsandplantsonearth.雨林是地球上一半以上動植物的家園。短語：……的家園behometo(固定短語無介詞)3.It’sverydryindesertsbecausethere’slittlerain.沙漠里很干燥，因為雨水很少。therebe+名詞，這里rain是不可數(shù)名詞。Itisrainy.另外rain也可以做動詞：Itrainsalotinsummer.Itrainedyesterday.4.Andthedifferenceintemperaturebetweendayandnightishuge.晝夜溫差很大。短語：……之間的不同thedifferencebetween....and.....……方面的不同thedifferencein....5.Theclimateindesertsissoawfulthatonlyafewanimalsandplantscanlivethere.沙漠的氣候非常糟糕，只有少數(shù)動植物能在那里生活。句型：so...that....如此……以至于……onlyafew/alittle只有一點點6.Thedesertplantskeepwaterintheirleaves,andmanyanimalstheregetwaterfromtheseplants.沙漠植物的葉子里有水，那里的許多動物都從這些植物里取水。短語：keepwaterin...把水保存在……getwaterfrom....從……中獲得水Reading一、詞匯：單詞詞性詞義文中短語語言點?wetlandn.濕地Thebigthree:oceans,wetlandsandforests注意復數(shù)includevt.包括Anecosystemincludesallthelivingandnon-livingthingsinanarea.詞性轉換：includingprep.包括non-livingadj.非生物的non-前綴表示否定或缺乏某種性質pondn.池塘fromsmallponds注意復數(shù)aroundadv.大約Itcoversaround71%oftheearth’ssurface.相當于aboutadv.四處，到處travelaroundholdvt.容納；拿著；舉行Itholdsplentyofsaltwater.hold-held短語：holdup支撐住returnvi.返回，回去，回來returntotheoceanreturnto...回到某地returnfrom....從某地回來vt.歸還returnsth.tosb.注意return不能跟back共用getridof清除；擺脫getridofpollutionridvt.擺脫rid-ridadj.得到解脫的；擺脫…的preventvt.防止，阻止preventfloodsprevent/stopsb.(from)doingkeepsb.fromdoing阻止某人做某事storevt.貯存Wetlandsstorewaterlikegiantsponges.其他詞性：n.商店（美式英語）spongen.海綿塊注意復數(shù)actvi.&vt.vi.起作用；行動vi.&vt.扮演Theyactlikethe“kidneys”oftheearth.acttodo=takeactiontodo詞性轉換：(in)activeadj.(不)積極的actionn.行動?kidneyn.腎臟注意復數(shù)kidneyscarbondioxiden.二氧化碳takeincarbondioxide不可數(shù)名詞?trapvt.吸收；使落入險境trapharmfulthingsintheirleavestrap-trappedtrap....in....把……困在……h(huán)armfuladj.有害的beharmfulto=doharmto對……有害詞性轉換：harmvt.&n.傷害harmlessadj.無害的thereforeadv.因此Therefore,peopleoftencallforeststhe“l(fā)ungs”oftheearth.放在句首加“，”however然而instead相反otherwise否則moreover此外?lungn.肺注意復數(shù)二、句型：1.Ecosystemscanbeofdifferentsizes,fromsmallpondstolargegrasslands.生態(tài)系統(tǒng)可以有不同的規(guī)模，從小池塘到大草原。短語：beofdifferentsizes大小不一2.Eachecosystemhasaroletoplayandhelpskeepthebalancebetweenallitsmembersandthegreaterenvironment.每個生態(tài)系統(tǒng)都可以發(fā)揮作用，幫助保持其所有成員與更大環(huán)境之間的平衡。短語：havearoletoplay有作用可以發(fā)揮（可以發(fā)揮作用）keepthebalancebetweenAandB保持A與B的平衡3.Itcoversaround71%oftheearth’ssurfaceandproducesabout70%oftheearth’soxygen.它覆蓋了地球表面約71%的面積，產生了地球上約70%的氧氣。當主語中含有百分比時，謂語動詞由百分比對應的范圍決定：71%oftheearth’ssurfaceis.......71%oftheforestsare.....4.Itholdsplentyofsaltwater,andthewaterrisestothesky,fallsontothelandandthenreturnstotheocean.它含有大量的鹽水，水上升到天空，落在陸地上，然后回到海洋。區(qū)分：risevi.上升riseto...升到……后面不直接跟賓語raisevt.升起后面直接跟賓語短語：fallonto....落到……上returnto...回到……5.Thisgoesonandon,sotheoceanisjustlikethe“heart”oftheearth.這種情況會一直持續(xù)下去，所以海洋就像地球的“心臟”。短語：goon...繼續(xù)goonandon一直持續(xù)下去goondoing持續(xù)不斷做同一件事goontodo（做完一件事）繼續(xù)做另一件事6.Forestsmakeupnearlyathirdoftheearth’slandarea.森林占地球陸地面積的近三分之一。Whatisanecosystemmadeupof?生態(tài)由什么組成？短語：makeup（部分）組成（整體）bemadeupof...（整體）由（部分）組成1/3athird=onethird分數(shù)表示：分子基數(shù)詞，分母序數(shù)詞，分子＞1，分母+s。7.Theykeeptheplanethealthyandmakeourworldabetterplace.他們讓地球保持健康，讓我們的世界變得更美好。短語：把我們的世界變成一個更好的地方makeourworldabetterplace8.Itplaysanimportantroleinslowingdownclimatechange.它在減緩氣候變化方面發(fā)揮著重要作用。短語：在……方面起著重要的作用playanimportantrolein.....slowdown減緩【鞏固練習】1.---HowwastheweatherinSuzhoulastnight?---Unluckily,therewas___________that4peoplelosttheirlives.A.suchterriblewind B.soterriblewind C.soaterriblewind D.suchaterriblewind2.Whyis__________honestleaderlikehimsupportedby____________fewworkers.A.an;so B.an;such C.a;so D.a;such3.Usually,theWorldCuplikedbythemen_________twoyearsaftertheOlympics.A.istakenplace B.takesplace C.held D.isholding4.AlargenumberoffamousfilmsaredirectedbyZangYimou,__________(include)FullRiverRed.5.HongKong_______________(返回)toChinaonJulyl,1997.6.Wemustpreventpeople_____________(put)wasteintotheriver.7.Playingcomputergamestoomuchwillbe___________(harm)tothestudents.8.Thereisnoneedforyoutostayawayfromtheinsectsbecausetheyare________(harm)toyou,children.9.鹽城自然保護區(qū)是各種稀有(rare)鳥類的家園。YanchengNatureReserveis________________________________________________10.這片濕地占地面積約為7000平方千米嗎?Does_____________________________________________________7000squarekilometers?11.我們應該采取什么行動來阻止獵人們獵殺動物呢?___________________________shouldwe______________________________________________________?12.作為九年級的學生，他們在保持學習和愛好之間的平衡上有困難。AsGrade9students,_____________________________________________答案：1-3DAB4.including;5.returned;6.putting;7.harmful;8.harmless9.hometoalltypesofrarebirds.10.thiswetlandcoveranareaofabout11.Whataction,taketopreventhuntershuntinganimals?12.haddifficultykeepingabalancebetweenstudyandhobbiesGrammar一、詞匯：單詞詞性詞義文中短語語言點wildlifen.野生生物buildabetterhomeforlocalwildlife不可數(shù)名詞?topicn.話題maketheforestthetopicofthisclass注意復數(shù)quiteafew相當多，不少Quiteafewdesertplantsalsogiveanimalsfood.加可數(shù)名詞，quitealittle(相當多)加不可數(shù)名詞onlyafew/onlyalittleveryfew/verylittlenoisyadj.充滿噪聲的；吵鬧的Thedeepoceanisn’twarm,brightornoisy.比較級：noisier詞性轉換：noisen.噪音noisilyadv.吵鬧地二、重點句子：1.Someanimalsfeedontheleaves.一些動物以吃葉子為生。短語：feedon...以吃……為生2.Thedesertishot,dryandcoveredbysand.沙漠炎熱干燥，被沙子覆蓋著。句型：becoveredby...被……覆蓋3.Thedeepoceanisn’twarm,brightornoisy.深海并不溫暖、明亮或嘈雜。否定句中，and改為or。三、語法：并列連詞：and,or,but,so,for,whileand表示承接or:1)或者表選擇2)and否定句改為or3)否則but表示轉折，不與although和though共用so表示結果，不與because共用for表示因為，一般指側重推斷性解釋，如：Hemustbeathomeforthelightinhisbedroomison.while表示對比，譯為而【鞏固練習】1.MyfathergavemefifteenyuantobuyanEnglishdictionary.A.賓補 B.狀語 C.間賓 D.直賓2.OurEnglishteacheroftengivesussomeadviceonhowtolearnEnglishwell.A.直賓 B.間賓 C.狀語 D.表語3.Thestructureofthesentence“Autumnleavesturnbrown”is________.A.S+V+DO+OC B.S+V+O C.S+V+P D.S+V4.Lucydoesn’tpayforthejuice,becauseitisfree.A.賓語 B.主語 C.表語 D.謂語5.Whichistherightsentencestructureof"Isawtheboystandingontheothersideoftheroad."?A.S+V+DO B.S+V+P C.S+V+IO+DO D.S+V+DO+OC6.Thesentencestructureof“ThefoodtastesbetterthanIcookedlastweek”is________A.S+V+P B.S+V C.S+V+DO+OC D.S+V+O7.HobogaveEddiesomeicecream.Thesentencestructure(結構)is_______.A.S+V+P B.S+V+IO+DO C.S+V+O D.S+V+DO+OC8.Whatkindofstructureisthesentence“Thegirlshowedherclassmatessomephotos.”?A.S+V+O B.S+V+P C.S+V+IO+DO D.S+V+DO+OC9.—Whatdowecalltheseanimals?—Wecallthemgiraffes.Thestructureoftheunderlinedsentenceis__________.A.S+V B.S+V+DO C.S+V+IO+DO D.S+V+DO+OC10.Thesentencestructureof“________”is“S+V”.A.Thenextbuswillarrive. B.Somevolunteersreachedthevillage.C.Themoviemadetheboyexcited. D.Hervoiceisbeautiful.11.Whatisthesentencepatternof"Mr.TaoteachesusEnglish."?A.S+V B.S+V+O C.S+V+P D.S+V+O+O12.Whatisthesentencepatternofthesentence"Myparentsaskmetoworkhardatschool"A.S+V B.S+V+O C.S+V+IO+DO D.S+V+O+OC13.“Whitesnowcoversthewholeearthinwinter.”Thissentencestructureis_______.A.S+V B.S+V+O C.S+V+P D.S+V+DO+OC14.Choose

the

right

sentence

structure.“She

saw

a

baby

panda

drink

her

mother's

milk.”A.S+V+DO B.S+V+IO+DO C.S+V+P D.S+V+DO+OC15.Thesentencestructureof“IoftenhearSimonsingEnglishsongs.”is.A.S+V+DO+OC B.S+V+P C.S+V+IO+DO D.S+V+DO16.You'dbettergotobedearlytonight,___________youwillnotbewellenoughfortomorrow’slesson.A.and B.but C.or D.so17.---Excuseme,_________wouldyouliketogoouting_________stayathomeatweekends?---Mymotherisill,__________Ihavetostayathometolookafterher.A.but;and;and B.or;or;and C.but;or;so D.and;and;so18.Languagecanturnblack______white,_______actiontellsyouthetruth.A.to;and B.to;but C.into;and D.into;but19.Myfatherwantsmetobeadoctor_____apoliceman,_____Iwanttobeanartist.A.or;or B.and;but C.or;but D.and;and20.---Iknowsmokingisbadformyhealth,___________Ijustcan'tgiveitup.---Itiseasiersaidthandone.A.for B.or C.but D.so21.---Istheanswerthequestionright__________wrong?---Pleaseletmethinkitover__________Igiveyoutheanswer.A.and;as B.or;before C.and;after D.or;after22.---Excuseme,doyouhaveatablefortwo?---I’msorry,________therearen'tanyseatsnow.Wouldyoumindwaitingforawhile?A.but B.and C.or D.so23.Bringtheseflowersintoawarmroom__________they’llsoonbloom.A.so B.and C.but D.for答案：CACCDABCDADDBDACCDCCBABWordPower一、詞匯：單詞詞性詞義文中短語語言點systemn.系統(tǒng)；體系thelargestreefsystem注意復數(shù)詞性轉換：systematicadj.系統(tǒng)的causevt.使發(fā)生，造成，導致Thiscausescoralstodieslowly.句型：causesb.todo導致某人做某事=leadto....其他詞性：n.起因thecauseof.....……的起因damagevt.損害，毀壞Climatechangeisgreatlydamagingtheocean’senvironment.其他詞性：n.損壞，破壞二、句型：1.YoumighthearabouttheGreatBarrierReefinAustralia,thelargestreefsystemonearth.你可能聽說過澳大利亞的大堡礁，它是地球上最大的珊瑚礁系統(tǒng)。短語：hearabout=hearof聽說，后加名詞短語。Iheardabouttheaccidentyesterday.hear+從句聽說……Iheardthattherewasanaccidentyesterday.hearfrom....收到某人的來信2.Whenyoulookatacoralreef,youmightthinkitissimplyagroupofcolourfulrocks.However,coralsarelivingthings.當你看到珊瑚礁時，你可能會認為它只是一群五顏六色的巖石。然而，珊瑚是有生命的東西。simplyadv.簡單地；僅僅，只不過simplybecause...僅僅是因為這里是修飾be動詞，所以用副詞3.What’smore,climatechangeisgreatlydamagingtheocean’senvironment.此外，氣候變化正在極大地破壞海洋環(huán)境。What’smore相當于moreover，此外greatly修飾damaging，注意副詞修飾現(xiàn)在進行時的動詞時放在be和doing中間。三、-ly后綴：1)形容詞+ly變副詞：real-really;bad-badly;careful-carefully;slow-slowly;near-nearly;easy-easily2)名詞+ly變形容詞：friend-friendly;love-lovely;year-yearly;month-monthly;week-weekly;day-daily3)形容詞+ly變形容詞：kind-kindly(好心的；和善的);like-likely(可能的);live-lively(活潑的，生動的；生機勃勃的);dead-deadly(致命的)【鞏固練習】1.Wouldyouliketointroduceyour____________(day)lifetoyourclassmates?2.Theladysatthere___________(comfortable),listeningtoherfavouritemusic.3.Idon’tthinkthe_____________(week)testismeaningfulanduseful.4.China_____________(day)isapoplarEnglishnewspaperforEnglishlearnersincollege.5.Tomysurprise,heturnedaway_________(patient)andsaidnothingtome.6.Whata_________(love)time!Itisreallyagooddayforanouting.答案：daily;comfortably;weekly;Daily;impatiently;lovelyIntegration一、詞匯：單詞詞性詞義文中短語語言點north-eastn.,adj.&adv.東北；東北方的；向東北方inthenorth-eastofChinainthenorth-eastofChina=inNorth-eastChinacovern.躲避處；罩子Theareaprovidesfoodandcoverforalotofwildlife.表示躲避處不可數(shù)，表示封面，蓋子可數(shù)。其他詞性：vt.覆蓋；報道；走……路；足以支付；包括……反義詞：discovervt.發(fā)現(xiàn)?rareadj.稀罕的，珍貴的Itishometosomerarebirds.比較級：rarer最高級：rarest詞性轉換：rarelyadv.幾乎不，很少red-crownedcranen.丹頂鶴About20%ofred-crownedcranesliveinZhalong.注意復數(shù)cranen.鶴crownn.皇冠vt.給……形成頂部；給……授予皇冠stayn.停留，逗留forashortstayduringone’sstayinsp.在某人呆在某地期間其他詞性：vi.待，停留stayin/at...lv.保持……?daytimen.白天inthedaytime不可數(shù)名詞注意介詞用inleadvi.造成（后果）Thiswillleadtolessspaceforwildlife.lead-ledleadto導致=causeto是介詞：leadtosth./doingsth.其他詞性：leadvt.帶領leadsb.to....把某人帶到……n.領先地位takethelead領先adj.主要的leadrole主角詞性轉換：leadern.領導mudn.泥，淤泥，泥漿themudandsand不可數(shù)名詞詞性轉換：adj.泥濘的createvt.創(chuàng)建，創(chuàng)造createlawstostoppeoplefromhuntingonwetlands詞性轉換：creativeadj.有創(chuàng)意的creationn.創(chuàng)造物creativityn.創(chuàng)造力setup建立setupreservestohelpkeepwetlandsfreefrompollutionset-set代詞放中間balancedadj.保持平衡的keeptheecosystembalanced詞性轉換：balancen.平衡keepabalancebetweenAandBvt.平衡AbalanceBknowledgen.知識Educationandknowledgeareusefultools.不可數(shù)名詞?wastewatern.廢水wastewaterfromfactoriesandhouses不可數(shù)名詞environment-friendlyadj.環(huán)保的，不損害環(huán)境的useenvironment-friendlyproductssirn.先生DearSirorMadam注意稱呼大寫madamn.女士注意稱呼大寫killvt.&vi.殺死killsealifesolvevt.解決；解答solvetheproblems詞性轉換：solutionn.解決方法?environmentaladj.環(huán)境的joinanenvironmentalgroup詞性轉換：environmentn.環(huán)境二、句型：1.Itisoneoftheworld’smostimportantwetlands.它是世界上最重要的濕地之一。oneof后形容詞用最高級，名詞用復數(shù)。Oneof做主語，謂語動詞用三單。2.Theareaprovidesfoodandcoverforalotofwildlife.該地區(qū)為許多野生動物提供食物和庇護所。短語：給某人提供某物：providesb.withsth.=providesth.forsb.offersb.sth.=offersth.tosb.3.Itishometosomerarebirds.它是一些珍稀鳥類的家園。短語：behometo....……的家園4.Forexample,about20%ofred-crownedcranesliveinZhalong.例如，約20%的丹頂鶴生活在扎龍。當主語中含有分數(shù)，百分比，therestof....謂語動詞由指代的范圍決定。該句中l(wèi)ive由red-crownedcranes決定。5.ManybirdsliveinZhalongallyearround,whilesomegothereonlyforashortstay.許多鳥全年都住在扎龍，而有些鳥只在那里短暫停留。短語：allyearround一整年alldaylong一整天gothereonlyforashortstay去那里只是做一個短暫的停留while表對比，是并列連詞，譯為“而”6.Mostbirdsareactiveinthedaytime,soyoucaneasilywatchthemthere.大多數(shù)鳥類在白天都很活躍，所以你可以很容易地在那里觀察它們。短語：inthedaytime在白天7.Somepeoplewanttomakethewetlandssmallerinordertohavemorespaceforfarmsandbuildings.有些人想讓濕地變小，以便有更多的空間用于農場和建筑。短語：inordertodo為了做某事inordernottodo...為了不做某事space表示空間不可數(shù)8.Thiswillleadtolessspaceforwildlife.這將導致野生動物的生存空間減少。leadto=cause導致leadtosth./doingcausesb.todo9.NowtheChinesegovernmenthasmadelawstopreventallthesethingsinZhalong.現(xiàn)在中國政府已經(jīng)制定了法律來防止扎龍發(fā)生這些事情。短語：makelawstodo制定法律做某事prevent/stopsb.(from)doing=keepsb.fromdoing阻止某人做某事10.Thereservecoversanareaofabout2,472squarekilometres.保護區(qū)面積約2472平方公里。短語：coveranareaof...占地面積……11.Touristsmaybringtroubletotheanimalsthere.游客可能會給那里的動物帶來麻煩。短語：bringtroubletosb.給……帶來麻煩12.Reducethenumberoftouristsvisitingwetlands.減少參觀濕地的游客數(shù)量。visiting是現(xiàn)在分詞做后置定語，修飾tourists復習thenumberof:名詞用復數(shù)，動詞用三單，形容詞用large/smallanumberof:名詞用復數(shù)，動詞用三復，表示大量的。13.Makesuretouristsaresafewhentheyvisitandplantwetlandtreestokeeptheecosystembalanced.確保游客在參觀時是安全的，并種植濕地樹木以保持生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的平衡。balancedadj.平衡的，均衡的abalanceddiet14.Wecanalsoworkwithaclean-upgroup.我們也可以與一個清理小組合作。cleanupthebeach清理干凈海灘短語：aclean-upgroup一個清理小組workwith....和……合作cleanup...清理干凈15.Wecanencouragepeopletoprotectforeststoo.我們也可以鼓勵人們保護森林。句型：encouragesb.todo鼓勵某人做某事16.Iamwritingtodaytoaskforyourhelpinprotectingtheocean.我今天寫信請求你的幫助來保護海洋。句型：Iamwritingto...我寫信是為了……（表達寫作目的）短語：one’shelpindoingone’shelpwithsth.17.Therearemillionsoftonsofplasticwasteintheocean.海洋中有數(shù)百萬噸塑料垃圾。短語：數(shù)百萬噸millionsoftonsof18.Also,wastewaterfromfactoriesandhousestravelstotheoceanandcausespollution.此外，工廠和房屋的廢水會流入海洋并造成污染。短語：流入travelto....19.Weshouldkeepbeachescleanandusemoreenvironment-friendlyproducts.我們應該保持海灘清潔，使用更環(huán)保的產品。短語：更環(huán)保的產品moreenvironment-friendlyproducts20.Itismeaningfultojoinanenvironmentalgroupandworkasavolunteer.加入環(huán)保組織并做志愿者是有意義的。短語：join表示加入，成為……的一員joinanenvironmentalgroup加入環(huán)保組織workasavolunteer做志愿者【鞏固練習】1.Thewetland____________thewildanimals____________foodandcover.A.provide;for B.provide;/ C.provides;with D.gives;for2.Thereisn'tenough________forusinthehouse,solet'sgooutsideandfindsomewhereelsetostay.A.rooms B.floor C.space D.water3.Theyneed________atthehotelfor________becauseofthebadweather.A.stay;shortstay B.staying;ashortstay C.tostay;ashortstay D.tostay;shortstay4.Thegovernmentwill__________morecollegesformorestudentstoreceive__________education.A.setup;further B.build;farther C.setout;further D.useup;farther5.Youneverknowhowmuchdifficultywehad_____theproblem.Luckily,wemanaged_____itwithMr.Zhang'shelp.A.workingout;tosolve B.workingout;solve C.toworkout;tosolve D.toworkout;solving6.---_____ofthetaskswon'tbefinishedintimeunlessalltheworkerstrytheirbest.---Therest___________reallyhardandmaybetheworkersneedextrahelp.A.Three-forths;are B.Three-fourths;are C.Three-fourths;is D.Three-fourth;is7.________ofthelandinthatarea_________coveredwithtreesandgrass.A.Twofifths;is B.Twofifth;are C.Twofifth;is D.Twofifths;are8.---AlargenumberofIndianmovies__________showninChinaeveryyear.---Exactly.AndthenumberofChinesepeoplegoingtravellingthere___________amazingtoo.A.are;are B.are;is C.is;is D.is;are9.Atruefriendcanseethepaininyoureyes____________everyoneelsebelievesthesmileonyourface.A.while B.because C.before D.after10.Iwearapairofsunglasses_________myeyes_________thestrongsunshine.A.toprotect;from B.tokeep;from C.tostop;from D.toprevent;from11.Everyoneofusshouldtryourbesttopreventthepollution_____________ahappierlife.A.tolive B.fromliving C.t