專題02時態(tài)與語態(tài)（中考熱點難點）目錄TOC\o"1-3"\h\u 1 2·模塊一一般現(xiàn)在時 2·模塊二現(xiàn)在進行時 3·模塊三一般過去時 4·模塊四過去進行時 6·模塊五一般將來時 6·模塊六現(xiàn)在完成時 7·模塊七過去完成時 10·模塊八過去將來時 11·模塊九各時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)結構 11·模塊十主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)的轉換 12 13 151．（2022·上?！ぶ锌颊骖}）Thenewrestaurant_______twosurveysonitsfoodandservicesinceJune.A．isdoing B．willdo C．did D．hasdone2．（2022·上?！ぶ锌颊骖}）ThethreeChineseastronauts_______safelyfromspaceonApril16,2022.A．returned B．a(chǎn)rereturning C．havereturned D．hadreturned3．（2020·上?！ぶ锌颊骖}）Theancienttownhasbeenopentovisitors________abouttenyears．A．by B．for C．on D．though4．（2021·上?！ぶ锌颊骖}）Theamusementparkhasreceivedmanyvisitors,________?A．hasit B．hasn’tit C．doesit D．doesn’tit5．（2021·上?！ぶ锌颊骖}）Theheadmasterisnotavailablenow.He________tothenewteachers.A．speaks B．spoke C．isspeaking D．wasspeaking6．（2021·上?！ぶ锌颊骖}）Lastweekend,David________avisittohisgrandparentsinthecountryside.A．pays B．paid C．willpay D．haspaid7．（2020·上?！ぶ锌颊骖}）Mike________thefurnitureintohisnewflatthistimeyesterday.A．wouldmove B．wasmoving C．hasmoved D．hadmoved8．（2020·上?！ぶ锌颊骖}）Everyyearthousandsoftourists________themountainareatorelaxthemselves.A．visited B．werevisitingC．visit D．havevisited·模塊一一般現(xiàn)在時結構公式：am/is/are/do/does常見時間狀語：

sometimes,usually,never,always,often;everyday/week/month/year/...;onSunday(s)/Monday(s)/...1.經(jīng)常性或習慣性的動作，如日常行為，常與表示頻率的時間狀語連用。常用頻度副詞：every…/allthetime>always>usually>often>sometimes>seldom≈rarely≈hardly>neverLife

rarely

turnsoutthewaythatweplan. 生活幾乎從不按招出牌。2.表示按計劃將會發(fā)生的事情，主語常常是物。這列高速列車（高鐵）早上9點出發(fā)去北京。（high-speedtrain）Thehigh-speedtrainleaves/heads/makesforBeijingat9am._3.表示真理或不變的事實。樹葉在秋季從綠變黃。Leavesturnfromgreentoyellowinautumn.4.在時間、條件、讓步狀語從句中，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時，簡稱為“主將從現(xiàn)”。如果我在紐約時有時間去購物，我會幫你去蘋果店買個iPad10。IwillbuyyouaniPad10fromtheAppleStoreifIhavetimetogoshoppinginNewYork.5.特別結構結構公式一：Itis+一段時間+since+從句結構公式二：Ithasbeen+一段時間+since+從句·模塊二現(xiàn)在進行時結構公式：am/is/are+doing時間狀語：Now,atpresent,atthemoment,look,listen1.表示說話時正在進行的動作。噓，孩子們正在睡覺呢。Sh,/Xu/Hush,thebabiesaresleeping.2.表示最近一段時間內正在進行的動作。Jack’shavingahardtimeattheofficeatthemomentandhe’ssmokingaboutfiftycigarettesaday.Jack眼下在辦公室里日子不好過，（因此）每天要抽50來根煙。3.與頻率副詞連用，表示作者的一種感情態(tài)度。(如always,forever,constantly,continually)你老是像我媽一樣嘮叨我。(nagsb.)Youarealwaysnaggingmelikemymom._4.表達某種情感，表示關切，禮貌，贊美等。I’mtellingyouthetruth.CfItellyouthetruth.我是在告訴你真相。（關切）我告訴你真相。（事實）_________5.表示將來即將發(fā)生的動作，給人一種期待感，常伴有表示將來的時間狀語。Theyaregettingmarriednextmonth.不能使用進行時的動詞情感類動詞fear（害怕），love（愛），hate（討厭），mind（介意），like（喜歡），please（喜愛），prefer（更喜愛）心理活動類動詞think（認為），believe（相信），doubt（懷疑），remember（記起了），realize（認識），suppose（懷疑）結果類動詞see,hear,find…瞬間動詞become,return.buy,join,getto(know),hearfrom…特例：*He’sjumpingwithjoy.(少數(shù)瞬間動詞用于進行，表反復發(fā)生的動作)Theoldmanisdying.這個老人已奄奄一息。(此處進行時表示逐漸、即將)·模塊三一般過去時結構公式：was/were/did（初中不規(guī)則動詞表見附錄一）時間狀語：yesterday,lastweek,thedaybeforeyesterday,theweekbeforelast,inJuly,in2006,justnow,threedaysago,atthattime,fromthenon,theotherday,onceuponatime…1.表示過去某個時間一連串的行為。結構公式：didA,didB,…anddidN史瑞克給了公主一個丑陋的微笑，拉起她綠色的胖手，然后溫柔的吻了她一下。Shrekgavetheprincessanuglysmile,heldherfatgreenhand(√)/greenfathand（×）andkissedhergently.2.表示過去某行為或某狀態(tài)已發(fā)生，不強調進行。當我1990年代在上海時，我每周末都去美術館。WhenIwasinShanghaiinthe1990s,Iwenttotheartgalleryeveryweekend.___3.usedtodosth.過去常常做某事OnSundayeveningsweusedtobepermittedtoplay,ifwedidnotmakemuchnoise;nowameretitterissufficienttosendusintocorners!從前一到星期天晚上，還準許我們玩玩，只要我們不太吵，現(xiàn)在我們只要偷偷一笑，就得罰站墻角啦！--WutheringHeight4.近義詞辨析woulddosth.VSusedtodosth.usedtowould過去習慣動作√√狀態(tài)√（be,live,have）×過去和現(xiàn)在對比√×偶爾×√Insuchcases,wewouldgototheoldworkersforhelp.Before1949heusedtoworktwelvehoursaday.Heusedtoliveinthecountryside.5.近形詞辨析be/getusedtodoingsth/sth習慣于做某事beusedtodo被用來做某事城里人習慣把狗當寵物，而在農(nóng)村狗狗通常用來看家(guard).Peoplelivinginthecityareusedtotakingdogsaspets,whiledogsareusedtoguardhomeinthecountryside.·模塊四過去進行時結構公式：was/were+doing時間狀語：thistimeyesterday,atthattime,atthemoment（這個詞組也可以用在現(xiàn)在進行時），allmorning等。1.強調過去某時間段或某個時間點正在發(fā)生的事。Yesterdayatsixo'clock,Kobewasplayingfootball.2.強調動作的持續(xù)性，比一般過去時更生動。（用一般過去時和過去進行時填空）Itrainedheavilylastnight.（昨天下雨了這個事實）Itwasrainingheavilylastnight.（昨晚下雨持續(xù)時間長）3.與always,constantly,continually,forever等連用表達某種感情色彩。Mybrotherwasalwayslosinghiskeys.·模塊五一般將來時結構公式一：sb.will/shalldo結構公式二：am/is/aregoingtodo結構公式三：am/is/aretodo結構公式四：am/is/areabouttodo時間狀語：next…,tomorrow,in+時間,soon,thisevening等結構含義例句begoingtodosb:有計劃sth:有跡象I’mgoingtogetmarriednextmonth,soI’mpreparingformywedding.Thedayisgettingdark.It’sgoingtorain.will/shallsb:沒有計劃，隨時想到并且馬上會做的，意愿和決心,sth：隨機，不確定性Shallwegotothelibrary?（shall用于第一人稱）Willyouhelpmewithmyhomework?(所有人稱)bedoing位移動詞進行時表示將來Sheisarrivingattheporttonightdo/does主將從現(xiàn)；按計劃Themeetingbeginsat3.beto正式，按計劃Theannualmeetingistobeheldnextweek.beabout馬上Ladiesandgentlemen,pleasetakeyourseats.Theperformanceisabouttostart.willbedoing早已安排好或預計發(fā)生的事，難以改變，表承諾。Iwillbehavingameetingat3p.m.tomorrow.?Attention?注意分清：由when和if引導的從句是狀語從句還是賓語從句*補充選擇：Iforyouherethistimetomorrow.AwillwaitBwillbewaitingCamgoingtowaitDshallwait·模塊六現(xiàn)在完成時結構公式：sb.have/hasdone時間狀語：already,yet,just,sofar,never,ever,since+過去時間點,for+一段時間,inthepast/lastfewyears現(xiàn)在完成時的簡單定義：1）過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生一定的影響；2）過去發(fā)生的動作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。比較：Ihad10hamburgerstoday.（今天“吃”的行為已結束，10為最終結果。）Ihavehad10hamburgerstoday.（今天到目前為止吃了10個，可能很飽，也可能還不盡興。）現(xiàn)在完成時有兩個主要用法：用法含義標志詞例句已完成動作發(fā)生在過去，但后果或影響至今仍然存在.justalready，yetYourletterhasjustbeenreceived.未完成動作開始在過去，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在for…,since…Theyhavelivedhereformorethantwentyyears.*Hanged,hanged絞死Hung,hung懸掛Lie躺lay,lain，lying；說謊lied,liedLay放置，下蛋l(fā)aid,laid(雷的，雷的）?Attention?你還能列出現(xiàn)在完成時的一些時間狀語嗎？recently,lately,總次數(shù)……（XXtimes）since用法結構公式：現(xiàn)在完成時+since+一般過去式/過去的時間狀語I’veknownmybestfriendsincewewereinhighschool.瞬間動詞不能直接和for,since的完成時連用瞬間動詞變成延續(xù)動詞borrow_____keep______________buy_______have______________catchacold_haveacold_________die_________bedead___________fallasleep___beasleep___________fallill______beill______________join_______bein______________leave_______beaway____________marry______bemarried_________start_______beon______________end_______beover___________havebeenVShavegone總結：havebeento___去過_（去了已經(jīng)回來）havegoneto表示_去了（去了還沒回來）havebeenin(始終呆在一個地方)特別句型It/This+is+序數(shù)詞＋n+現(xiàn)在完成時ItisthefirsttimethatI’veseensuchawonderfulperformance.這是我第一次看到如此精彩的表演。It/thisis+最高級/thebest/theworst/themostinteresting/theonly+n.+現(xiàn)在完成時‘Getaway!’istheonlywordsthatshehaseversaidtome.女神對我說的唯一一句話是“滾開”?，F(xiàn)在完成時和過去時區(qū)別總結：現(xiàn)在完成時強調過去動作對現(xiàn)在的影響，不與具體過去時間狀語連用；一般過去時說的是過去發(fā)生的或已經(jīng)結束了的動作，它和現(xiàn)在沒有直接關系，即使事實上和現(xiàn)在有關系，說話時也不強調這種關系，而只是指出那個動作發(fā)生在過去某一時間。到目前為止總次數(shù)用現(xiàn)在完成時強調某一次動作用一般過去時?Attention?Yet，sofar常置于句末，already,just,ever,never等一般置于助動詞have/has之后，過去分詞之前。·模塊七過去完成時結構公式：haddone時間狀語：by+過去時間ThefamilyofDashwoodhadlongbeensettledinSussex.Theirestatewaslarge,andtheirresidencewasatNorlandPark,inthecentreoftheirproperty,where,formanygenerations,theyhadlivedinsorespectableamannerastoengagethegeneralgoodopinionoftheirsurroundingacquaintance.達什伍德家在蘇塞克斯定居，可有些年代了。家里置下一個偌大的田莊，府第就設在田莊中心的諾蘭莊園。祖祖輩輩以來，一家人一直過著體面日子，贏得了四近鄉(xiāng)鄰的交口稱譽。SenseandSensibility1.過去完成時用以表示到過去某一時間動作已完成或延續(xù)到某一過去時間的動作或狀態(tài)，也就是說發(fā)生在“過去的過去”。標志性時間狀語為by+過去時間點。Hismotherhadgonetoworkbythetimehearrivedhome.2.如果兩個動作發(fā)生在過去有明顯的先后順序，最先發(fā)生的用過去完成時。HeaskedifMrGilbert'soperationhadbeensuccessfulandthedoctortoldhimthatithadbeen.·模塊八過去將來時結構公式一：woulddo結構公式二：was/weregoingtodo時間狀語：soon,thenextday,thenextmonth,thenextyear等表示過去預計將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，即“站在過去說將來”。·模塊九各時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)結構被動語態(tài)的基本結構為：bedone請完成表格：（以do為例）一般進行完成現(xiàn)在過去將來過去將來?Attention?含情態(tài)動詞的被動式：can/may/must+be+done芝士蛋糕必須得趁冷吃。Cheesecakecold.·模塊十主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)的轉換陳述句改為被動句Step1:主動語態(tài)的賓語用作被動語態(tài)的主語Step2:動詞結構作相應變化（be+過去分詞）Step3:by+主動語態(tài)的主語（可省略）Step4:其他照抄Hewasmakingamodelplane.Amodelplanewasbeingmade(byhim).一般疑問句改為被動句Step1:be動詞/情態(tài)動詞/助動詞放句首Step2:主動語態(tài)的賓語用作被動語態(tài)的主語Step3:被動結構的其他成分Step4:by+主動語態(tài)的主語（可省略）Step5:其他照抄DidMike’steachergivemuchhomeworkyesterday?WasmuchhomeworkgivenbyMike’steacheryesterday?特殊疑問句改為被動句Step1:特殊疑問詞不變Step2:be動詞/情態(tài)動詞/助動詞提前Step3:主動語態(tài)的賓語用作被動語態(tài)的主語（主動語態(tài)特殊疑問詞作賓語則這步省略）Step4:被動結構的其他成分Step5:by+主動語態(tài)的主語（可省略）Step6:其他照抄WhenwillJackfinishhishomework?WhenwillJack’shomeworkbefinishedbyhim?WhatdidLinda’sfathermendlastnight?WhatwasmendedbyLinda’sfatherlastnight?11．（23-24九年級下·上海嘉定·階段練習）Someexchangestudents________abouttheirspeechinSingaporethistimeyesterday.A．talk B．a(chǎn)retalking C．weretalking D．havetalked12．（23-24九年級下·上海嘉定·階段練習）Travellingtospaceisnolargerjustadream.Russia________thefirsthotelinspaceinthenearfuture.A．builds B．built C．willbuild D．hasbuilt13．（2024·上海黃浦·二模）Lastweekagroupofscientists________theArctictotestoutamethodof“refreezing”itsice.A．visits B．visited C．willvisit D．hadvisited14．（23-24九年級下·上海青浦·階段練習）Afewdaysagoapolicemandiedondutyandmanycitizens________flowerstotheplacewherehelosthislifevoluntarily.A．send B．hadsent C．sent D．weresending15．（23-24九年級下·上海浦東新·階段練習）Aftertheguests________themselves,thehostbeganto________somejokes.A．seating;say B．seated;tell C．seated;say D．seating;tell16．（23-24九年級下·上海黃浦·階段練習）QinHaiyang________agoldmedalinthe19thAsianGamesHangzhouin2023.A．win B．won C．haswon D．willwin17．（2024·上海寶山·一模）Manygraduates________bytheheadmastertocelebratetheschool’s80birthdaylastmonth.A．invited B．haveinvited C．wereinvited D．wereinviting18．（2024·上海松江·一模）Thesea_________ifpeoplekeepthrowingwastesintoit.A．ispolluted B．waspolluted C．hasbeenpolluted D．willbepolluted19．（2024·上海奉賢·一模）I’mnotsurewhetherthenewspaper_____________onceaweekornot.A．haspublished B．willpublish C．ispublished D．publishes20．（23-24九年級下·上海浦東新·階段練習）Myhouserequires________,soImusthaveit________.A．painted,painting B．painting,paintingC．painting,painted D．painted,painted21．（23-24九年級下·上海浦東新·階段練習）Somepaintings________onthewallafterourflatdecoration________.A．willbehunged,isfinished B．willbehung,willbefinishedC．willbehung,isfinished D．a(chǎn)rehung,willbefinished22．（23-24九年級下·上海浦東新·階段練習）English_______bymostpeopleinthecountry.A．speaks B．isspeaking C．canspeak D．isspoken23．（23-24九年級下·上海浦東新·階段練習）Lucyaswellasherbrother________veryhardand________aprizethisyear.A．studies,isawarded B．study,areawarded C．studies,awards D．study,award24．（23-24九年級下·上海浦東新·階段練習）Foodcanbewell________intherefrigeratorinsummer.A．protected B．preserved C．preferred D．prevented25．（23-24九年級下·上海嘉定·階段練習）Alotoftrees________aroundhereeveryyearandwecanenjoyfresherairnow.A．plant B．a(chǎn)replanted C．planted D．wereplanted26．（2024·上海黃浦·二模）Itisreportedthatthethirdairport________inShanghaiintwoyears.A．isbuilt B．wasbuilt C．hasbeenbuilt D．willbebuilt27．（23-24九年級下·上海閔行·階段練習）Mr.Marko________manycountriesbeforehestartedtoworkinthiscompany.A．wentto B．goesto C．hadgoneto D．hasbeento28．（23-24九年級下·上海閔行·階段練習）ThenumberofChineseweibousers________250millionsofar.A．reach B．reached C．willreach D．hasreached29．（23-24九年級下·上海閔行·階段練習）I________toliveinthecountrysidebutI________anylonger.A．wasused;don’t B．used;didn’tliveC．wasused;didn’tlive D．used;don’t30．（23-24九年級下·上海閔行·階段練習）Thefilm“Interstellar”________forhalfanhourwhensheenteredthecinema.A．hasbegun B．hadbegun C．havebeenon D．hadbeenon31．（23-24九年級下·上海閔行·階段練習）TheLouvreinFrance________everydayfrom10a.m.to5p.m.fromMondaytoFriday.A．isopened B．hasopened C．hasbeenopened D．isopen32．（23-24九年級下·上海浦東新·階段練習）Nicotine______thefunctioningofheartandlung,whichmeansithasbad______onyourheartandlung.A．effects,affects B．effects,effects C．a(chǎn)ffects,effects D．a(chǎn)ffects,affects33．（23-24九年級下·上海浦東新·階段練習）Thefilmdirector_______hishead,afterhe_____severalscenes.A．shoke,shot B．shaken,shoot C．shook,shot D．shoke,shoot34．（23-24九年級下·上海浦東新·階段練習）Themanagerenteredtheofficeandwashappytolearnthatfour-fifthsofthetickets_______.A．wasbooked B．hadbeenbooked C．werebooked D．havebeenbooked35．（23-24九年級下·上海浦東新·階段練習）Braintoldyouthattherewasn’tanyoneintheroomatthattime,_______?A．wasthere B．wasn’tthere C．didn’the D．didhe36．（23-24九年級下·上海浦東新·階段練習）Thecrew_______ontheshipwhilethepirateswereapproaching.A．drank B．wasdrinking C．a(chǎn)redrinking D．weredrinking37．（23-24九年級下·上海浦東新·階段練習）Mary’sgrandfather________for2years.A．hasdied B．hasdead C．hasbeendied D．hasbeendead38．（23-24九年級下·上海浦東新·階段練習）Thereused_______arestauranthere.A．tobe B．tohave C．tobeing D．tohaving39．（23-24九年級下·上海青浦·階段練習）HerushedintotheclassroomwhenMr.Simpson________aboutAmericanhistory.A．talked B．hadtalked C．wouldtalk D．wastalking40．（23-24九年級下·上海青浦·階段練習）Allthepassengerswillstayattheairportforanotherdayifthesnowstorm________tomorrow.A．doesn’tstop B．didn’tstop C．won’tstop D．hasn’tstopped41．（2023·上海浦東新·三模）Janespendshalfofherpocketmoneyonbooks.Therest_________forfutureuse.A．issaved B．a(chǎn)resaved C．wassaved D．havebeensaved42．（22-23九年級上·上海靜安·期末）Henryhasdrawnfivecomicstripsthisyearandtwoofthem________monthsago.A．published B．havepublishedC．werepublished D．havebeenpublished43．（23-24九年級上·上海浦東新·期中）ThefamousfairytaleThreeLittlePigs_______byalmostallthechildrenthroughouttheworld.A．isread B．a(chǎn)reread C．isreading D．a(chǎn)rereading44．（23-24九年級上·上海黃浦·期中）Don’tworry.Yourpackage________hereuntilyoucomeback,soenjoyshoppinghere.A．kept B．waskeeping C．hasbeenkept D．willbekept45．（23-24九年級上·上海浦東新·期中）It’llbeagreathonorifI________tothecharityeveningpartynextweek.A．invite B．willinvite C．willbeinvited D．a(chǎn)minvited46．（23-24九年級上·上海浦東新·期中）HangzhouAsianGames________inSeptemberandinOctober,2023.A．tookplace B．a(chǎn)reheld C．weretakenplace D．held47．（23-24九年級上·上海靜安·期中）Manygraduates________tocelebratethe100thbirthdayofourschoollastweek.A．invited B．willbeinvited C．wereinvited D．hadinvited48．（22-23九年級上·上海嘉定·期末）Ahigh-techship________aftertheMayflowerthatsetsailfromPlymouthin1620.A．names B．wasnamed C．named D．isnamed49．（22-23九年級下·上海閔行·期中）Manysillypictures________onherMoments(朋友圈)everydayandI’vedecidedtoblockher.A．posted B．haveposted C．a(chǎn)reposted D．post50．（23-24九年級上·上海閔行·期末）The2024OlympicGames_________inParis,FrancefromJuly26toAugust11,2024.A．a(chǎn)reheld B．wereheld C．willbeheld D．havebeenheld51．（23-24九年級上·上海虹口·期末）Moreandmorenewschools________intheareainthepastfewyears.A．built B．werebuilt C．havebuilt D．havebeenbuilt52．（23-24九年級上·上海黃浦·期末）Lastmonth,about11,000greenseats________fromrecycledplasticinthisfactory.A．isproduced B．wasproduced C．wereproduced D．havebeenproduced53．（23-24九年級上·上海金山·期末）I________awalkwithmysoninthestreetwhenyoucametoourneighborhoodyesterday.A．take B．took C．istaking D．wastaking54．（23-24九年級上·上海閔行·期末）Myparentshavegoneonabusinesstrip,soI________withmyauntforthetimebeing.A．lived B．live C．willlive D．wasliving55．（23-24九年級上·上海虹口·期末）Whenwearrivedhomelastnight,Mum________forDad’sbirthdayparty.A．prepares B．ispreparing C．prepared D．waspreparing56．（23-24九年級上·上海青浦·期末）Beijing________anincreasingnumberofculturalandhistoricalparksinrecentyears.A．develops B．developed C．hasdeveloped D．wasdeveloping57．（2024·上海崇明·一模）Thestudents________asvolunteersinthenursinghomeafterschooleveryFriday.A．haveworked B．works C．a(chǎn)reworking D．work58．（2024·上海崇明·一模）MycousinDanny_