閱讀理解重難題測(cè)試（測(cè)試）

說(shuō)明文（基礎(chǔ)版）

姓名得分

一、閱讀理解（共40小題，每題2.5分，滿分100分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

1.（2023?江蘇揚(yáng)州?揚(yáng)州中學(xué)校考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）

Withanabundanceofsunandwind,SpainispositioningitselfasEurope?sfutureleaderingreenhydrogen

productiontocleanupheavyindustries.Butsomeenergyexpertsexpresscautionbecausethisprocessrelieson

massiveavailabilityofzero-carbonelectricity.

Greenhydrogeniscreatedwhenrenewableenergysourcespoweranelectricalcurrentthatrunsthroughwater,

separatingitshydrogenandoxygenmolecules（分子）.Theprocessdoesn,tproduceplanet-warmingcarbondioxide,

butlessthan0.1%ofglobalhydrogenproductioniscurrentlycreatedinthisway.

Theseparatedhydrogencanbeusedintheproductionofsteel,ammonia（氨）andchemicalproducts,allof

whichrequireindustrialprocessesthatarehardertostopfossilfuels.Hydrogenalsocanbeusedasatransportation

fuel,whichcouldonedaytransformthehighlypollutingshippingandaviationsectors.

Spain?slarge,windsweptandthinlypopulatedterritoryreceivesmorethan2,500hoursofsunshineonaverage

peryear,providingidealconditionsforwindandsolarenergy,andthereforegreenhydrogenproduction.

“IfyoulookatwherehydrogenisgoingtobeproducedinEuropeinthenextmillionyears,ifsintwo

countries,SpainandPortugal,9,saidThierryLepereq,thefounderandpresidentofHyDealAmbition,anindustry

platformbringingtogether30companies."Hydrogenisthenew

LepereqisworkingwithcompanieslikeSpanishgaspipelinecorporationEnagasandglobalsteelgiant

ArcelorMittaltodesignanend-to-endmodelforhydrogenproduction,distributionandsupplyatacompetitive

price.Criticismhascenteredongreenhydrogen'shighercostcomparedwithhighly-polluting“grayhydrogen”

drawnfromnaturalgas.LepereqarguesthatsolarenergyproducedinSpainispricedlowenoughtocompete.

Globally,Lepereqsaid,"Electricityis20%ofenergyconsumption.Whataboutthe80%thatisnot

electrified?...Youneedtoreplacethosefossilfuels.Notin50years9time.Youneedtoreplacethemnow.^^

1.WhyaresomeexpertscautiousaboutgreenhydrogenproductioninSpain?

A.Itneedslargeamountsofsunandwind.B.Ithasaneffectonheavyindustries.

C.Itcausesconflictsamongcountries.D.Ituseslotsofzero-carbonelectricity.

2.WhatistheadvantageofgreenhydrogenproductioninSpain?

A.Idealgeographicalconditions.B.Thesupportfromgovernment.

C.Hydrogenproductiontechnology.D.Well-developedpublictransports.

3.WhatcanbeinferredaboutgreenhydrogeninSpainaccordingtoLepereq?

A.Itishighlypriced.B.Itiseasytostore.

C.Itiscompetitive.D.Itishighly-polluting.

4.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Spainmanagestousezero-carbonelectricity.B.SpainstrugglestoleadEUinheavyindustry.

C.Spaintakestheleadinpreventingairpollution.D.Spainreplacesfossilfuelwithgreenhydrogen.

2.（2023?江蘇泰州?統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）

Whenyouenjoyyourmorningcupoftea,youareprobablynotawarethatthosetealeavescanmeaninjury,or

evendeath,forAsianelephantswanderingIndianteagardens.

IntheIndianstateofAssam,growingnumbersofteafarmsaredestroyingtheAsianelephanfshabitatsand

endangeringtheirpopulation.MuchoftheforestlandwhereteaisgrowninAssamisflatandthusfarmersmustdig

drainagetrenchesorsmallchannelstopreventwaterfromaccumulatingandhurtingtheplants.Thetrenches,

however,canbedeathtrapsfortheelephants.

Sincetheelephantsneedtouseteaplantationsaslandmarkswhentravelinginforests,theyalmost

unavoidablyhavetomovethroughthefarms.Moreover,becausetherearefewerhumansaround,pregnantfemales

oftenusetea-growingareasassafeshelterstogivebirth.Butbabyelephants,stillnotusedtoroughgroundmay

easilyfallintothetrenchesandgethurt.Onceinjured,theymightnotbeabletoclimbout.Whenmotherstrytodig

theirbabiesout,bothmaybetrappedinthickmud,evenbekilled.Furthermore,elephantsareknowntoresist

leavingtheirsickordyingbehind,andagroupmaystayatatrenchwithatrappedbabyforhours,unwillingto

moveonuntilallhopeislost.

Istherepossibilityforelephantstoliveinharmonywiththeboomingteabusiness?ElephantFriendlyTeais

anorganizationthattakestheinitiativetomakeitpossible.Theorganizationencouragesconsumerstochoose

brandsthattakeanactivepartinelephantsprotection,andhasestablishedacertificationprogramtorewardtea

growerswhoaredoingitright.Untilnow,onlysmallerteabrandshavebeencertified,butawarenessisgrowing.

Theorganizationbelievesthatpeoplemaybeencouragedtobuyelephant-friendlybrandswhentheyknowmore

abouttheriskteacancausetotheseendangeredanimals.

5.WhydofarmersinAssamdigtrenches?

A.Totrapelephants.B.Tomarkboundaries.

C.Toprotectteatrees.D.Toexpandteafarms.

6.Whatcanwesayaboutbabyelephants?

A.Theygetstuckbythesharpbranchesoftheteatrees.

B.Theyhavedifficultymovingaroundtheunevenfields.

C.Theymightmissthelandmarkswhiletravellinginforests.

D.Theyfailtofindasafeshelterwhenclimbingoutoftrenches.

7.Whatdoes"it"underlinedinthelastparagraphreferto?

A.Encouragingconsumerstochoosehigh-qualitybrands.

B.Rewardingteagrowersforprotectingtheenvironment.

C.Promotingelephant-friendlytrenchesandorganizations.

D.Creatingawin-winsituationforelephantsandteafarms.

8.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?

A.TheTrenchesPoseThreatstoElephants

B.HabitatLossAffectsEndangeredAnimals

C.GrowthofTeaGardensBenefitsPlantation

D.FarmsSponsorEnvironmentalOrganizations

3.（2023?江西省宜豐中學(xué)?？茧A段練習(xí)）

Somepeoplesaythattheplanetisgettingsmaller,thattherearefewplaceslefttoexplore,andthattheageof

explorationwillbeoversoon.

Iwouldargueinsteadthattherehasneverbeenagreaterneedtoexplore.Thafsbecausethestageforall

explorationisthenaturalworld,andnatureisexperiencingarapiddecline.Itisbyexploringthatweunderstand

andwhenweunderstandwedevelopanappreciationforwhatisfound.Ultimately,onlythethingsweappreciate

areworthprotecting.

Asthegoldenageofexplorationweakens,sodoestherichnessoflifeonEarth.Itisn?tjustthattherearefewer

blankareasonthemap;itisthatwildplacesandspaceshavebeenprogressivelycarvedup（瓜分）.Visitingthe

OkavangoDeltaorKalahariDesert,forexample,nolongerimpliesaself-supportedexpedition.Fieldstationspop

upinimportantnationalparksandremotesensingbysatellitebecomescommonplace.

Inthenextcentury,Ibelievewewillneedlargerandwilderareas.Wewillneedthewilderness,notjustforthe

protectionofit,butbecauseitisanimportantpartoftheecosystemsfromwhichwegainournecessitieslikeclean

water,foodandmaterials.Ifwesucceed,thenexpeditions-brieftravelsintothewildthatseektoanswer

questions,monitorpopulations,andinspireaction-willhavearenewedsenseofpurpose.Moreimportantly,they

greatlyhelpthepublicexperience,understandandappreciatenature.

Basedonmyownresearchexpeditionwhichaimstounderstand“edgeeffects”-howthechangesin

temperatureatforestedgesimpactanimals,Ifinditimportantthattoday'sscientistscontinuetospendtimeinthe

field.Itisherethattheybegintounderstandhowseeminglyunrelatedenvironmentalinteractionsinfluencetheir

studysystem.Sometimes,ifsdifficulttoknowwhichisimportanttomeasureuntilyoustandoutthereontheforest

edge.

Itistheyounggenerationthatisthemainforcetoleadthenextwaveofexpeditions.Themeasureoftheir

successwillbewhethertherearestillwell-preservedwildplacesforexpeditionsinthefuture.Theirleadershipis

needednow,morethanever.

1.Whafsthepurposeofthistext?

A.Tosuggestunderstandingnaturebykeepingexploring.

B.Toadvisepeoplenottotraveltounknownplaces.

C.Toinformusaboutthereducedbiodiversity.

D.Tocallonthepublictosupportthestudy.

2.WhatcanweknowabouttheexpeditioninwildspacesfromParagraph3?

A.Itisdifficultforexplorerstomakeprogress.

B.Itismoreaccessiblewiththehelpoftechnology.

C.Itpromotesthedevelopmentofsatellitetechnology.

D.Itrequiresexplorerstotakesufficientheavyequipment.

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“popup“inParagraph3probablymean?

A.Appearunexpectedly.B.Closetemporarily.

C.Developquickly.D.Differgreatly.

4.Whatdoestheauthorrealizeafterhisresearchexpedition?

A.Thesignificanceofscientists9fieldtrip.

B.Thedifficultyofcarryingoutfieldwork.

C.Theneedtoexpandtheedgesofforests.

D.Theinfluenceofhisstudyontheenvironment.

4.(2023?廣東惠州?統(tǒng)考二模)

Foryears,learningtospeakCantonesewasnotthathardinSanFrancisco.ItisaplacewhereCantonese

speakersfromSouthChinahavemovedforover150years.Butnow,thereisfearthattheCantoneselanguageand

culturemightnotsurvivepresentsocialchanges.Cantoneseisspokenbysome85millionpeopleworldwide.In

comparison,therearearound1billionMandarin(orPutonghua)speakers.

InBritain,asintheU.S.,mostschoolsthatofferChineseusuallyteachMandarin.Asaresult,manyfamilies

arestrugglingtofindwaystopassontheirCantoneselanguageandculture.CeciPangrunsclassesforchildrenat

RainbowSeedsCantoneseSchoolinLondon."Manyparentswanttheirkidstobeabletocommunicatewiththeir

grandparents,"shesaid."It'sjustsohardhere,therearesofewlearningresourcesandlotsofparentsgetupset.

Thafsusuallythepointtheparentscometome.”

InChina,thereareCantonesetelevisionprogramsaswellasCantoneseannouncementsonpublictransport.In

HongKong,however,Cantoneseremainsthecity'stoplanguage.Itisusedby90percentofthepopulation

accordingtoanassistantprofessorattheEducationUniversityofHongKong.

ItisadifferentstoryintheU.S.TheteachingofCantonesehasdecreasedsomewhat,includinginSan

Francisco,acitythathasdrawnmanyCantonesespeakersovertheyears.TheSanFranciscoschoolsystemhas

CantoneseandMandarinprogramsforyoungerstudents.Butinhighschool,MandarinistheonlyChinese

languageavailable.Thisspring,someindependentChineseschoolsarehelpingtoteachthelanguageas

Cantonese-speakingcommunitiesgrow.AleydaPoehasbeenmanagingtheCantonesekindergartenatMerit

ChineseSchoolinPlano,Texas,formorethan10years.Poeputhertwosonsintheschoolsothattheycouldlearn

aboutCantoneselanguageandculture.Now,sheishelpingotherfamiliesdothesame.

12.WhataretheCantonesespeakersworriedabout?

A.SurvivalofCantoneselanguageandculture.B.IncreasingsocialchangesinSanFrancisco.

C.MoreandmoreMandarinspeakersworldwide.D.LessCantonesespeakersinSouthChina.

13.HowdoesCeciPanghelptohandleCantoneselearninginLondon?

A.Byvisitingandtalkingwithlocalfamilies.B.Byorganizinglanguageclassesforkids

C.ByreducingChinesecultureteachingatschoolsD.Byusingunlimitedonlineresources

14.WhatisimpliedaboutCantoneselearningbothinChinaandtheU.S.?

A.SanFranciscoisacitywiththemostCantoneselearners

B.Cantoneseislearntby90percentofthepopulationinChina

C.LearningresourcesandopportunitiesarelimitedintheU.S.

D.TherearenoCantoneselearningprogramsinSanFrancisco

15.Whichcanbethesuitabletitleforthetext?

A.ImportancetoimproveCantoneselearningglobally.

B.CurrentstatusofCantoneselearningoverseas

C.AbriefintroductiontoCantoneselearninghistoryinU.S.

D.DebatesbetweenCantoneseandMandarinlearning

5.(2023?廣東?高三校聯(lián)考階段練習(xí))

Haveyoueverfanciedatennislessonfromoneoftheworld'sgreatesttennisplayersatyourlocalcourt?

Thisdreamcametruefortwoyoungplayers,whogottotrainwith20-year-oldsuperstarEmmaRaducanu

aftersheappearedasahologram-aphotographicrecordingoftheimage.WhileSamClague,14,andDiamond

Paisley,12,werebothinLondon,theBritishnumberonewasinAbuDhabi.

Duringtheworld'sfirstholographiclesson,MsRaducanu'savatarappearedtofeedballstotheplayersand

gavelivefeedbackontheirshots,like"thatwasfastandtherewaslotsoftopspinonthat”.EvenSamsaidhe

thoughtshehadbeenprerecordedatfirstuntilshespokewithhimdirectly.

Theirholographictrainingsessionoffersaglimpseintohowadvancingtechnologycouldrevolutionizetennis

coaching,accordingtoDrIanPearson.

DrPearsonthinksthatmixedrealityheadsetswillsoonallowtennisplayerstofeeltheyareplayinginunusual

virtualenvironments,likeonaspacestationorthemiddleofalakeThrough5G,thefutureoftenniswillsee

increasedinteractionbetweenreallifetenniscourtsandtherichimaginationweseeincomputergames-playing

whenever,whereverandwhoeveryouwant.

Fullsensoryvirtualrealitycouldevenplacetheviewerinsidethetennisplayer5sshoesinrealtime.Dr

Pearsonsaid:"By2030,withactiveskintechnology,theplayingstylesandeventhesensationsoftop-levelplayers

couldbecaptured,sothatanyonecouldexperiencehowitactuallyfelttoplaythatgamethroughfullsensory

virtualreality.^^

Finally,sportswearmadefromsmartmaterialscouldallowforadigitalcoachpoweredbyartificial

intelligence(AI)toprovidefeedbackonaplayer9sform.DrPearsonsaid:a6Al-controlledsuitsmadefromsmart

materials,suchasfabricswithsensors,canhelpplayersfindtheperfectstrokewhenhittingorreturningaserveby

quicklylearningthemusclememoryofaflawlessforehand.UsingdirectfeedbackfromfriendlyvirtualAIcoaches,

newplayerscandevelopandlearnmuchmorequickly.^^

16.WhatdidMsRaducanudointhefirstholographiclesson?

A.Giveplayersarealtimeguidance.B.Requireplayerstofollowhershots.

C.Recordcoachingcontentsinadvance.D.Shareherexperiencesthroughthehologram.

17.Whatcanfullsensoryvirtualrealitymakeviewersdo?

A.Increasetheirimaginationofsports.B.Taketheplaceoftoplevelplayers.

C.Experiencethefeelingofplayersonthespot.D.Haveasenseofplayinginanunusualplace.

18.WhafsDrPearson9sattitudetowardsvirtualAIcoaches?

A.Critical.B.Skeptical.C.Cautious.D.Favorable.

19.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Thefutureofcoaching.B.ThethreatfromAItocoaches.

C.Thefirstlivecoachingonline.D.Theappearanceofdigitalcoaches.

6.（2023?河北張家口?高三統(tǒng)考期末）

Chemicalstakenfromsawdust（鋸屑）andwatercanknockoutmorethan99percentofsomedisease-causing

microbes（微生物）.Thatmakesthesawdustmixapotentialalternativetocurrentmicrobe-killingchemicals.

Manydisinfectants（消毒齊（J）usedtodaycanharmtheenvironment.Theyformpoisonousby-productswhen

theygetwashed.Somepotentiallygreenerdisinfectantsexist.Theyrelyonachemicalcalled“phenol（苯酚）”.But

thesecleanerscanbecostlyandtakealotofenergytomake.

ShichengZhangwentsearchingforabetteroption.He'sanenvironmentalengineeratFudanUniversityin

Shanghai,China.Woodcontainsmanymolecules（分子）thatlooklikephenol.SoZhangwonderedif

microbe-killingchemicalscouldbeobtainedfromsawdustthroughalow-costandlow-energyprocess.

Heandhisfellowresearcherscookedmixturesofwaterandsawdustforonehour.Theyheatedthissawdust

soupunderpressure,andthenfilteredit.Later,theytestedhowwelltheliquidkilledoffmicrobes.Thisliquid

wipedoutE.colibacteria-microbesthatcancausefoodpoisoning.Theliquidalsokilledanthraxbacteria.These

microbescausedangerousinfections.Whafsmore,thedisinfectantstoppedfluvirusesfrombeinginfectious.

Theresearchersalsoaddeddifferentamountsofwatertothesawdustsoup.Thatletthemtesthow

concentratedithadtobetoknockoutmicrobes.Dependingonitsconcentration,themixcouldkillmorethan99

percentofthemicrobes.

Lookingatkilledmicrobesunderamicroscoperevealedsomeofthewaysthesawdustmixkills.The

disinfectantdamagedthemicrobes?cellwalls.Italsomayhavemessedwiththemicrobes?proteinsandDNA.

Zhangandhisfellowresearchersdidn'tstopatasawdustdisinfectant.Theymadedisinfectantsfromother

plantmaterials,too.Someofthesestartedasbamboopowder.Othersweremadeusingriceplant.Plantmaterials

thatarericherinmoleculesthatreleasephenol-likecompoundsarebestatkillingmicrobes.Oneexampleiscorn

straw.

20.WhatmaybeanadvantageofZhang'ssawdustdisinfectantoverexistingones?

A.Beingsaferandmoreeffective.

B.Beingenvironment-friendlyandlessexpensive.

C.Beinglessexpensiveandhavingmorelastingeffect.

D.Beingmoreeffectiveandhavingmorelastingeffect.

21.WhatgaveZhangtheideaofthesawdustdisinfectant?

A.Theabsenceofmicrobesinsawdust.B.Thephenol-likemoleculesinwood.

C.Theexistenceofagreenerdisinfectant.D.Thepossibilityofbeingfoodpoisoned.

22.HowwasZhang,sresearchfurthercarriedout?

A.Byanalyzingdatafrompreviousstudies.

B.Byidentifyingthewaysdifferentdisinfectantskill.

C.Byimprovingtheprocessofdealingwithby-products.

D.Bycomparingtheeffectsofdifferentconcentrationsofthemix.

23.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.APublicDriveAimstoGreenerDisinfectants

B.AChineseUniversityGrowsMicrobe-killingPlants

C.ADisinfectantMadefromSawdustKnocksoutMicrobes

D.AChineseTeamMadeBreakthroughsinDiseaseResearch

7.（2023?河北張家口?高三統(tǒng)考期末）

Atpresent,researchshowsthatwhenemployeesreachtheageof50,theykeepquietabouttheirage.Theysee

fewerpromotionprospectscomparedtoyoungeremployees.Ifsalsohardertogetanewjobaftertheageof50.

Butthatissettochange.Thereisalreadyskillsshortageintheworldwithnotenoughyoungerpeoplecoming

intotheworkforce.Employerswillhavetoworkharderathiringseniorswiththeskillstheyneed.

TheCenterforAgeingBetternotesthatwealreadyhaveanolderworkforceandthequalitiesofolderpeople

arebeingmorerecognized.Whenteamsmixolderandyoungerworkers,productivitygoesupandcomplex

problemsfindmorenovelsolutionsbecausethestrengthsandweaknessesofbothgroupsarebalanced.

Age-diversityhelpssolvecomplexproblemsbybringingtogetheramixofideas,skillstrengths,andexperiences.

Olderworkerscandrawonalifetimeofexperiencewhileyoungerworkersmaychallengeoutdatedstrategiesand

bringfreshperspective.Also,seniors'greaterlifeexperiencemakesthembetterplacedtomanagethemselvesand

othersintheworkplacecomparedwithyoungeremployees.

TherearefiverecommendationstheCenterforAgeingBettermakes,includingminimizingagebias（偏見(jiàn)）in

takinginemployeesandencouragingcareerdevelopmentatallages.Thereallybigchangethatneedstocomeisto

stopseeingolderpeopleas"other”,asdifferent...

Therearemanypeopleintheir80sand90swhohaveneverstoppedworking.Theyenjoywhattheydoand

likethesocialaspectofwork.Butmost,from55onwardschoosetoretire——with25%regrettingit,accordingtoa

recentstudy.

24.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that"inParagraph2referto?

A.Competitioninthejobmarket.

B.Worldwideskillsshortageintheworkforce.

C.Youngerpeople'sdecliningpromotionprospects.

D.Olderpeoplebeingatadisadvantageinworkplaces.

25.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?

A.Qualitiesofolderemployees.

B.Theadvantagesofage-diversity.

C.Thechallengesfacedbyanolderworkforce.

D.Thecomplexproblemsthatcallforsolutions.

26.Whatisthekeytoworkforcecomposition?

A.Minimizingagebias.

B.Givingupoutdatedstrategies.

C.Launchingcareerdevelopmentprograms.

D.Employingpeoplefromdifferentbackgrounds.

27.Whatcanbelearnedaboutolderpeoplefromthelastparagraph?

A.Someregretafterretirement.

B.Someremainsocialafterretirement.

C.Mostdon'tretireuntiltheir80sor90s.

D.Mostkeepupdatingtheirworkingskills.

8.（2023?福建省福州第一中學(xué)校考一模）

StephanieFrappartmadehistoryonThursdayasthefirstwomantoreferee（裁判）amen'sWorldCupmatch.

AlongsideassistantsNeuzaBackfromBrazilandKarenDiazfromMexico,theFrenchwomanwaspartofan

all-femalerefereeingtrioofficiatingCostaRicavs.GermanyintheirGroupEmatch.

Throughouthercareer,Frapparthasachievedaseeminglyendlessseriesoffirsts.InApril2019,shebecame

thefirstfemalerefereetotakechargeofaLigue1match,inAugust2019,thefirsttotakechargeofamajormen's

Europeanmatch,andin2020,thefirsttoofficiateamen'sUEFAChampionsLeaguematch.

AttheWorldCup,arefereemightmake245decisionsinasinglegame,SkySportsestimates,andifjustoneis

wrong,itwillbeanalyzedinmicroscopicdetail.

Itcouldalterthecourseofagame,orevenateam'sWorldCup-denyingitatitleorensuringitprogressesno

furtherinthetournament.4tWhenyoumakeamistake,ifsmoreimportantthanifaplayermakesamistake-there

aremoreconsequencesfortheteams,9,Frappartsays."It'salsoeasytosaythatit'sthefaultoftherefereeandnot

thefaultofourteamwhenyoulose.”

Inevitably,femalerefereesarecarefullyexamined,astheystraddle（跨越）twotraditionallymale-dominated

fields:footballandleadership."'Therearemanyquestionsinvolvedifshe'stherebecauseshe'sawoman."Frappart

recallswhenshemadeherdebutinLigue."It'snotonlyinfootball.Ithinkineveryjobwhenyou'reawomanyou

needtoprovethatyouhavethequalityandafterthattheyletyoucontinue.^^ButasFrappartrefereedmorematches,

thestancetowardshergraduallychanged."Now,ifsnotaquestionofgender.Ifsnowonlyaquestionabout

competencies.9,

Withwomenrefereeing,thematchesattheQatarWorldCupbroadcasttohugeaudiencesworldwide.Frappart

knewitencouragedmorewomentopickupawhistleandtakemoreandmoreresponsibility.t6Soifyouhavemore

femalerefereesontheTVperhapsitmightmakeiteasierforwomentosay:"OK,thisispossible.^^^

28.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?

A.Frappart'slifeexperience.B.Frapparfsachievements.

C.Frapparfscontributions.D.Frapparfshabits.

29.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeFrapparfsjobasareferee?

A.Creativeandrewarding.B.Challengingbutinspiring.

C.Difficultandmeaningless.D.Easybuttroublesome.

30.Theunderlinedwords"madeherdebut“inparagraph5means.

A.madeaspeechB.madefullpreparations

C.madeherfirstappearanceD.madealiving

31.WhatcanwelearnaboutFrappart?

A.TheQatarWorldCupdrewhugeaudiencesforwomenrefereeing.

B.It'seasytoputtheblameforteamsdilutesonreferees.

C.Frappartimpressedtheworldwithcompetenciesinherfirstmatch.

D.InAugust2019,FrappartwasthefirstfemalerefereeinaLigue1match.

9.（2023?福建莆田?統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）

Fromthemomentweareborn,weinteractwiththeworldthroughmovement.Wemoveourlipstosmileorto

talk.Weextendourhandtotouch.Howdoesourbrainrememberthiswiderangeofmotions?Howdoesitlearn

newones?Howdoesitmakethecalculationsnecessaryforustograbaglassofwater,withoutdroppingit,

squashingit,ormissingit?

TechnionProfessorJackieSchillerfromtheRuthandBruceRappaportFacultyofMedicineandherteam

examinedthebrainatasingle-neuron（單神經(jīng)元）leveltoshedlightonthismystery.Theyfoundthatcalculation

happensnotjustintheinteractionbetweenneurons,butwithineachindividualneuron.Itturnsoutthateachof

thesecellsisnotasimpleswitch,butacomplicatedcalculatingmachine.

Thisdiscovery,publishedrecentlyintheScience,promiseschangesnotonlytoourunderstandingofhowthe

brainworks,butbetterunderstandingofconditionsrangingfromParkinson'sdiseasetoautism.Andifthatisn't

enough,thesesamefindingsareexpectedtoadvancemachinelearning,providinginspirationfornewarchitectures.

“Weusedtothinkofeachneuronasasortofwhistle,whicheitherrings,ordoesn,t,^^Prof.Schillerexplains.

“Instead,wearelookingatapiano.Itskeyscanbestruckatthesametime,orinorder,producinganinfinity（無(wú)限）

ofdifferenttunes.9,Thiscomplexmusicplayinginourbrainsiswhatenablesustolearnandperformaninfinityof

different,complexandprecisemovements.

Thesesamefindingscanalsoserveasaninspirationforthemachinelearningcommunity.Deepneural

networks,astheirnamesuggests,attempttocreatesoftwarethatlearnsandfunctionssomewhatsimilarlytoa

humanbrain.Althoughtheiradvancesconstantlymakethenews,thesenetworksareprimitivecomparedtoaliving

brain.Abetterunderstandingofhowourbrainactuallyworkscanhelpindesigningmorecomplexneuralnetworks,

enablingthemtoperformmorecomplextasks.

32.Whydoestheauthorraisethequestionsinparagraph1?

A.Topursueanswers.B.Toraisehispuzzles.

C.Tointroducethetopic.D.Tosharehisinterest

33.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?

A.Theresultoftheresearch.

B.Thefunctionofas