余姚市2023學(xué)年第一學(xué)期高中期末考試

高二英語(yǔ)試題卷

第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共5小題，每小題L5分，滿分7.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。

1.Whatwillthespeakersprobablydonext?

A.Buyamap.B.Drivebackhome.C.Askfordirections.

2.HowmanyfriendswereatLisa'swedding?

A.About20.B.About40.C.About60.

3.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?

A.Parkthecar.B.Chooseamovie.C.Orderthefoodquickly.

4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Inalibrary.B.Inaclassroom.C.Inabookstore.

5.Whatisthemandoing?

ABuyingacamera.B.Pickingthewomanup.C.Seeingthewomanoff.

第二節(jié)（共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中

選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各

小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.WhatmakesJanehappy?

A.Theendingoftheterm.

B.Thecampingwithfriends.

C.Thegoodresultsoftheexams.

7.Whydoesn'tStevegohomeoverthebreak?

A.Hehasapart-timejob.

B.Hehastostudyforthenextterm.

C.Hehasnomoneytobuyplanetickets.

聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。

8.Whyisthemanunsureaboutgoingoutwiththewoman?

A.Heistired.

B.Hehatesphysicalexercise.

C.Heisworriedaboutthecost.

9.Wherewillthemanprobablygothisafternoon?

A.Thehospital.B.Ahealthclub.C.Aswimmingcenter.

聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。

10.Wheredidtheman'sparentsgo?

A.Britain.B.France.C.China.

11.Whatdoesthemanthinkoftea?

A.Hedoesn'tlikeit.

B.Hethinksifsso-so.

C.Heisinterestedinitshistory.

12.Howdoesthewomandrinkhergreentea?

A.Withcream.B.Withnothing.C.Withsugar.

聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。

13.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman'shusband?

A.Hewasinjured.B.Heisbusynow.C.Heworksinahospital.

14.Whowilltakecareofthewoman'sdaughter?

A.Thewoman.B.Theman'swife.C.Thewoman'sparents.

15.WhatwillthemandoinShanghai?

A.Attendaceremony.B.Gosightseeing.C.Visithisdaughter.

16.Whatistheman'swifeprobablydoingnow?

A.Sleepinginthebedroom.B.Dealingwithherwork.C.Cleaningthehouse.

聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17.Whousuallyreadsthemorningannouncements?

A.Timmy.B.Mr.McKinney.C.PrincipalJohnson.

18Whenisthelastdayofschool?

A.May20th.B.Onemonthfromtoday.C.NextWednesday.

19.Forwhatdoesthespeakerapologize?

A.Thehomework.B.Thecomputers.C.Thelibraryhours.

20.WhatwilltakeplaceonSaturdayafternoon?

A.Asoftballgame.B.Abaseballgame.C.Abasketballgame.

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

ArtemisiaGentileschi（1593—1653）

Asthedaughterofapainter,ArtemisiaGentileschiwasaffordedaccesstotheartworldatayoungage.Early

on,shewasinherfather^workshopmixingpaintsandhesupportedhercareerwhenhenoticedthatshewasgifted.

AsafamouspainteroftheItalianBaroqueperiod,ArtemisiaGentileschididnotlethergenderholdherbackfrom

hersubjectmatter.ShepaintedBiblicalandmythological（神話的）paintings,justlikemalepainters.

AngelicaKauffman（1741—1807）

BominSwitzerland,AngelicaKauffmanwasthedaughteroftheartistJohannJosephKauffman.Shereceived

artistictrainingwhileactingasherfather^assistantfromaveryyoungageandcopyingtheworksofoldmastersas

theytraveledforcommissions（委托）.Asayoungwoman,shealsotrainedinItaly,whereherhistoricalpaintings

andportraitswerewellreceived.

RosaBonheur（1822—1899）

Likemanyfemaleartistsatthetime,RosaBonheur?sfatherwasapainter.TheFrenchRealistpainteris

consideredoneofthemostfamousfemaleartistsofthe19thcentury,knownforherlarge-formatpaintingsthat

featuredanimals.SheshowedherworksregularlyatthefamousParissalonandfoundsuccessabroadinboththe

UnitedStatesandBritain.

BertheMorisot（1841—1895）

ConsideredoneofthegreatfemaleImpressionists,BertheMorisothadartrunningthroughherveins.Borninto

anobleFrenchfamily,shewasthegreat-nieceofcelebratedRococopainterJean-HonoreFragonard.Herartoften

focusedonfamilyscenes,andshepreferredworkingwithpastels（粉彩）,watercolor,andcharcoal（木炭）.

1.WhatartisticstyledoArtemisiaGentileschi^paintingsbelongto?

A.Rococo.B.Baroque.C.Realism.D.Impressionism.

2.Whoisfamousforpaintinganimals?

A.ArtemisiaGentileschi.B.AngelicaKauffman.

C.RosaBonheur.D.BertheMorisot.

3.Whatdothesefourfemalepaintershaveincommon?

A.Theyalllearnedpaintingfromtheirfathers.

B.Theyalllovedcopyingclassicpaintings.

C.Theywereallbomintoanoblefamily.

D.Theyallgrewupinanartisticenvironment.

【答案】l.B2.C3.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四位著名的女性畫家。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ArtemisiaGentileschi中“AsafamouspainteroftheItalianBaroqueperiod,Artemisia

Gentileschididnotlethergenderholdherbackfromhersubjectmatter.（作為意大禾U巴洛克時(shí)期的著名畫家，阿

特米西亞?真蒂萊斯基并沒(méi)有讓她的性別阻礙她的創(chuàng)作主題）”可知，阿特米西亞?真蒂萊斯基的繪畫屬于

巴洛克風(fēng)格畫派。故選B項(xiàng)。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)RosaBonheur中“TheFrenchRealistpainterisconsideredoneofthemostfamousfemale

artistsofthe19thcentury,knownforherlarge-formatpaintingsthatfeaturedanimals.（這位法國(guó)現(xiàn)實(shí)主義畫家被

認(rèn)為是19世紀(jì)最著名的女性藝術(shù)家之一，以其以動(dòng)物為特色的大型畫而聞名）”可知，羅莎?邦賀以畫動(dòng)物

而聞名。故選C項(xiàng)。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ArtemisiaGentileschi中“Asthedaughterofapainter,ArtemisiaGentileschiwasafforded

accesstotheartworldatayoungage.（作為一名畫家的女兒，阿特米西亞?真蒂萊斯基在很小的時(shí)候就接觸

至！JT藝術(shù)世界）“、AngelicaKauffman中“BorninSwitzerland,AngelicaKauffmanwasthedaughteroftheartist

JohannJosephKauffman.Shereceivedartistictrainingwhileactingasherfather^assistantfromaveryyoungage

（安杰莉卡?考夫曼出生于瑞士，是藝術(shù)家約翰-約瑟夫?考夫曼的女兒。她從很小的時(shí)候就開(kāi)始做父親的

助手，并接受藝術(shù)訓(xùn)練）“、RosaBonheur中^Likemanyfemaleartistsatthetime,RosaBonheur^fatherwas

apainter.（和當(dāng)時(shí)的許多女藝術(shù)家一樣，羅莎?邦賀的父親也是一名畫家）”和BertheMorisot中“Borninto

anobleFrenchfamily,shewasthegreat-nieceofcelebratedRococopainterJean-HonoreFragonard.（她出生在一

個(gè)法國(guó)貴族家庭，是著名洛可可畫家讓?奧諾雷?弗拉戈納爾的侄孫女）”可知，這四位女性畫家的家庭中

都有從事藝術(shù)事業(yè)的親人，她們都是在藝術(shù)環(huán)境中長(zhǎng)大的。故選D項(xiàng)。

Travelislikeaboxofchocolates:youneverknowwhatyou5regoingtoget,especiallywhenusingamystery

boxplaneticket.Earlierthisyear,mysteryboxtravelpurchasesincreasedandbecametrendyamongChina'syoung

people.Innormaltrips,peopleoftenplantheirvacationswellinadvance.Afterbuyingamysteryboxatalowprice

一usually100or200yuan——however,thetravelersusingthismethodwillselecttheirdepartureairportand

receiveseveraldestinationoptionstochoosefrom.Afterthedestinationisdecided,theirtripbegins.

LiaoLiangyu,16,hasturnedhiseagernesstogoonamysteryboxtripintoreality.Hetookamysteryboxtrip

toChangshawithacoupleoffriendsmonthsago.Rightbeforetheirdeparture,afriendtoldLiaothatChangsha

wasasuperhyped-up（被炒作的）Internetsensation（網(wǎng)紅）.Buthestilldecidedtogoandseeitforhimself.

“MybiggestdiscoveryisthatChangshaisacityfullofcontrasts,9,LiaoexplainedtoChinaDaily.a4Youcan

seeskyscraper（摩天大樓）andoldhousesinthesameview.^^

Sincethedestinationoptionsincludemanylesspopularcities,travelmysteryboxesalsobringenergyand

economicbenefitstothesedestinations.Forexample,DehongcityisabeautifulcityinYunnanprovince,yethas

fewvisitorsduetoalackofpromotion.Followingitsinclusionasamysteryboxtraveldestination,however,ithas

gainedalotofattentionandisnowthoughtofasasolidlocationfortourism.

Butevenso,alargenumberofpeoplefeeldisappointedwithtravelmysteryboxesbecausetheycanencounter

manyproblemsafterpurchasingone,suchasinappropriatetraveltime,suddenflightcancellations,oreven

challengeswithrefunds.SuWeilifromCtripsuggestedinaninterviewwithHaibaoNewsthatvisitorsshould

choosereliableplatformsandsigncontractstoguaranteetheirinterests.

4.Whatistheappealofmysteryboxtravel?

A.Travelingwithlike-mindedstrangers.

B.Unplannedtravelingatalowcost.

C.Fixedroutestochoosefrom.

D.Populardestinationstovisit.

5.HowdidLiaoLiangyufeelabouthismysteryboxtrip?

A.Heregrettedtravelingwithhisfriends.

B.HefeltChangshadidn'tdeserveitsfame.

C.Hedislikedtheunpredictability.

D.Hediscoveredsomethingunexpected.

6.HowdotravelmysteryboxesaffectplaceslikeDehongcity?

A.Theyhelptheseplacesbetterknown.

B.Theyoftencauseovercrowding.

C.Theyleadtoenvironmentalproblems.

D.Theyenrichlocalpeople'slives.

7.Whatisthemaintopicofthelastparagraph?

A.Reliableplatformstobuytravelmysteryboxes.

B.Variousmysteryboxtraveloptionsavailable.

C.Potentialissuesrelatedtotravelmysteryboxes.

D.Mysteryboxtravelregulationsandpolicies.

【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了青年人購(gòu)買了神秘旅行盒子的經(jīng)歷，產(chǎn)生的影響和潛在問(wèn)題。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一■段"Afterbuyingamysteryboxatalowprice-usually100or200yuan-however,

thetravelersusingthismethodwillselecttheirdepartureairportandreceiveseveraldestinationoptionstochoose

from.（然而，在以低價(jià)（通常是100元或200元）購(gòu)買一個(gè)神秘盒子后，使用這種方法的旅行者將選擇他們

的出發(fā)機(jī)場(chǎng)，并收到幾個(gè)目的地可供選擇）”可知，神秘盒子旅行的吸引力是計(jì)劃的低成本旅行。故選B

項(xiàng)。

【5題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段”"MybiggestdiscoveryisthatChangshaisacityfullofcontrasts,"Liaoexplainedto

ChinaDaily.44Youcanseeskyscraper（摩天大樓）andoldhousesinthesameview."（"我最大的發(fā)現(xiàn)是長(zhǎng)沙是一

個(gè)充滿對(duì)比的城市，”廖在接受《中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)》采訪時(shí)解釋道?！澳憧梢栽谕灰曇爸锌吹侥μ齑髽呛屠戏?/p>

子。“）”可推知，廖良玉在他的神秘盒子之旅中發(fā)現(xiàn)了意想不到的事情。故選D項(xiàng)。

【6題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段"Forexample,DehongcityisabeautifulcityinYunnanprovince,yethasfewvisitors

duetoalackofpromotion.Followingitsinclusionasamysteryboxtraveldestination,however,ithasgainedalot

ofattentionandisnowthoughtofasasolidlocationfortourism.（例如，德宏市是云南省一個(gè)美麗的城市，但由

于缺乏宣傳，游客很少。然而，隨著它被列入一個(gè)神秘的旅游目的地，它已經(jīng)獲得了很多關(guān)注，現(xiàn)在被認(rèn)

為是一個(gè)堅(jiān)實(shí)的旅游地點(diǎn)）”可知，旅游神秘盒子對(duì)德宏市等地的影響是它們讓這些地方更出名。故選A

項(xiàng)。

【7題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段"Butevenso,alargenumberofpeoplefeeldisappointedwithtravelmysteryboxes

becausetheycanencountermanyproblemsafterpurchasingone,suchasinappropriatetraveltime,suddenflight

cancellations,orevenchallengeswithrefunds4但即便如此，還是有很多人對(duì)旅行神秘盒感到失望，因?yàn)樗麄?/p>

在購(gòu)買后會(huì)遇到很多問(wèn)題，比如旅行時(shí)間不合適、航班突然取消、甚至是退款方面的挑戰(zhàn)）”可知，最后一

段的主題是與旅行神秘盒子相關(guān)的潛在問(wèn)題。故選c項(xiàng)。

C

China?sleadingliquor（烈f生酒）producer,KweichouMoutai（貴州茅臺(tái)），anddomesticcoffeechain,Luckin

Coffee,havelaunchedasauce-flavoredlatte（醬香拿鐵）recently,astheChineseluxuryliquormakeraimstopullin

moreyoungerconsumers.The38-yuansauce-flavoredlatte,whichLuckindiscountedto19yuanonthefirstdayof

sales,wasoneofthemostpopulartopicsonChinesesocialmediaplatformWeibo.

Moutaiisacolorlessspiritthatisusuallyservedatbanquets（宴會(huì)）inChina,anddrinkerssaythattheflavorof

Moutailatteissimilartosoysauce.Thecompaniessaidthelattealcoholcontentwaslowerthan0.5percentofits

volume.

KweichowMoutaihasbeenlookingforwaystobemoreaccessibleandappealtoanewgenerationofusers.

Thecompany,basedinChina'ssouthwesternGuizhouprovince,alsolaunchedabaijiu-infusedicecreamlastyear.

Withbaijiuinit,thenewicecreambecameahit.

Chinesesocialmediauserspostedvideosofthemselvespickingupcupsofthedrinkandbeingtoldbysales

staffthattheyshouldnotdriveafterdrinkingit.ByMondayafternooninBeijing,theappshowedbuyerswouldneed

towaitformorethananhourtopickuptheirdrinks.

IndependentfoodindustryanalystZhuDanpengsaidthecooperationwouldmostlikelybenefitbothbrands.

“MoutaiandLuckinaretheleadingfirmsinthedomesticliquorandcoffeesectors,respectively,Zhusaid,"Onthe

onehand,Moutaiacceleratesitsbrandrejuvenation（復(fù)興）throughcooperationwithLuckin.Ontheotherhand,for

Luckin,itscooperationwithMoutaialsohelpstoimproveitscomprehensivestrengthandbrandtoneinthecoffee

industry.”

8.Whatisthealcoholcontentinthesauce-flavoredlatte?

A.Lessthan1percent.B.Lessthan0.5percent.

C.Exactly1percent.D.Exactly0.5percent.

9.WhatistheprimarygoalbehindKweichouMoutai?scooperationwithLuckinCoffee?

A.Toattractmoreyoungerbuyers.

B.Tocreateanaffordableluxurydrinkforthemasses.

C.Toimprovetheirqualityandreputation.

D.TointroducethecultureofdrinkingcoffeeinChina.

10Whatdoestheunderlinedword“infiised“inparagraph3mean?

A.Finished.B.Filled.C.Exchanged.D.Behaved.

11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.AnAccessibleSpiritB.ALongJourneytoRejuvenation

C.AnUnexpectedCooperationD.TwoCreativeBrands

【答案】8.B9.A10.B11.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要介紹了國(guó)內(nèi)咖啡連鎖店Luckincoffee聯(lián)合貴州茅臺(tái)推出了一款醬

香拿鐵，受到了更多年輕消費(fèi)者的追捧。

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的"Thecompaniessaidthelattealcoholcontentwaslowerthan0.5percentofits

volume.（這些公司表示，拿鐵的酒精含量低于其體積的0.5%）”可知，醬香拿鐵的酒精含量低于其體積的

0.5%?故選B。

【9題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的"China'sleadingliquor（烈性酒）producer,KweichouMoutai（貴州茅臺(tái)）,and

domesticcoffeechain.LuckinCoffee,havelaunchedasauce-flavoredlatte（醬香拿鐵）recently,astheChinese

luxuryliquormakeraimstopullinmoreyoungerconsumers.（中國(guó)領(lǐng)先的白酒生產(chǎn)商貴州茅臺(tái)和國(guó)內(nèi)咖啡連鎖

店Luckincoffee最近推出了一款醬香口味的拿鐵，這家中國(guó)豪華白酒制造商旨在吸引更多年輕消費(fèi)者）”可

知，貴州茅臺(tái)與LuckinCoffee合作的首要目標(biāo)是吸引更多的年輕消費(fèi)者。故選A。

【10題詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段的"Withbaijiuinit,thenewicecreambecameahit.（加入了白酒，這種新型冰淇淋

大受歡迎）”可知，為了吸引更多的年輕消費(fèi)者，貴州茅臺(tái)去年推出了一款注入白酒的冰淇淋，受到了大家

的歡迎。所以換線單詞意為“注入，使充滿”。故選B。

【11題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段的"China'sleadingliquor（烈性酒）producer,KweichouMoutai（貴州茅臺(tái)）,and

domesticcoffeechain,LuckinCoffee,havelaunchedasauce-flavoredlatte（醬香拿鐵）recently,astheChinese

luxuryliquormakeraimstopullinmoreyoungerconsumers.（中國(guó)領(lǐng)先的白酒生產(chǎn)商貴州茅臺(tái)和國(guó)內(nèi)咖啡連鎖

店Luckincoffee最近推出了一款醬香口味的拿鐵，這家中國(guó)豪華白酒制造商旨在吸引更多年輕消費(fèi)）”以及

全文可知，本篇文章主要介紹了國(guó)內(nèi)咖啡連鎖店Luckincoffee聯(lián)合貴州茅臺(tái)推出了一款醬香拿鐵，受到

了更多年輕消費(fèi)者的追捧。所以“意外的合作的合作”適合作本文的標(biāo)題。故選C。

D

Howhasglobalwarmingchangedyourlife?Perhapsyouexperiencehottersummers.Butforreindeerherders

（馴鹿游牧民）,theinfluencegoesfarbeyondthat.

LivingintheArcticregionspreadingfromRussiatoSwedenlocalreindeerherdersmakealivingbyherding.

Forgenerations,theyhavebeenlivinginharmonywiththecoldwinterswiththeirdeepunderstandingofsnowand

icetypes,weatherpatternsandanimalbehaviors.Thisallowsthemtopredictandprepareforwinters.

However,thewarmingArcticismessingupthesetraditionalsignals,makingherders'traditionalwaysof

predictingweatherlessuseful.In2014,duringthewintermigration（遷徙）southwardwiththeirreindeerinNorth

Russia,somethingunexpectedhappened.Heavyrainfallformedaniceshieldabovethelichen（地衣），normally

coveredbysoftsnow.Unabletoaccessthelichenbeneaththeice,thereindeersufferedfromhunger,resultinginthe

deathsoftensofthousandsofthem.

Thewarmingclimategoesbeyondthreateningreindeerherders5livelihood;italsothreatenstheirculture.atWe

areanArcticpeople,andourcultureiswritteninsnow.Butclimatechangemeansthesnowwillgetlessandless,“

HenrikBlind,amemberofSamiherdingfamilyinSweden,toldTheGuardian.Inhislanguage,thereareover300

wordstodescribesnow.Butwithlesssnow,theSamiculturefacestheriskoflosingelementsofitsculturalidentity.

Despitethesechallenges,herdershavebeencooperatingwithscientiststobetterdealwithclimatechange.For

example,forscientists,thedifferencebetweenvarioustypesofsnowishardtotell.Butlocalpeoplewholivewith

snoweverydaycanseewhatscientistsfailtosee.Atthesametime,satellitedatafrommodernscientistscouldhelp

predictdisastersforthelocalpeople.Tocombinethesetwodifferentknowledgesystemstogether,theUSNational

ScienceFoundationsetuptheCenterforBraidingIndigenousKnowledgeandSciencethisSeptember.Thegoalis

torecognizethevalueofindigenous（土著）knowledgealongsidemodemresearchmethods.

“Wemustrealizewecan'tover-consumeourplanet.Thisisurgent.Weneedtolistentoalltheindigenouspeople

whoknowhowtoliveinharmonywiththeplanet/9BlindtoldTheGuardian.

12.Whatledtothedeathsofmanyreindeerduringtheirwintermigrationsouthwardin2014?

A.Adiseaseoutbreakafterheavyrainfall.

B.Foodshortageduetoice-coveredlichen.

C.Attacksbyotherwildlife.

D.Unexpectedlystrongsnowstorms.

13.HowisglobalwarmingposingarisktoArcticculture?

A.ByreducinglanguagediversityB.Bythreateningtheirculturalelements.

C.Bychangingtraditionaleatinghabits.D.Bychallengingicetypedescriptions.

14.Whyarescientistsandherderscooperating?

A.Tospreadindigenouscustoms.B.Totestmodernresearchmethods.

C.Topredictglobalnaturaldisasters.D.Tobridgetheirknowledgegap.

15.WhatmightbeBlind'sattitudetowardtheestablishmentoftheCenterforBraidingIndigenousKnowledgeand

Science?

A.Supportive.B.Opposed.C.Worried.D.Uninterested.

【答案】12.B13.B14.D15.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了全球變暖對(duì)馴鹿游牧民的影響和人類的應(yīng)對(duì)措施。

【12題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段中“In2014,duringthewintermigration（遷徙）southwardwiththeirreindeerin

NorthRussia,somethingunexpectedhappened.Heavyrainfallformedaniceshieldabovethelichen（地衣），

normallycoveredbysoftsnow.Unabletoaccessthelichenbeneaththeice,thereindeersufferedfromhunger,

resultinginthedeathsoftensofthousandsofthem.（2014年，當(dāng)他們帶著馴鹿在俄羅斯北部向南遷徙時(shí)，意

想不到的事情發(fā)生了。大雨在地衣上形成了一個(gè)冰盾，通常被軟雪覆蓋。由于無(wú)法接觸到冰下的地衣，馴

鹿遭受了饑餓，導(dǎo)致成千上萬(wàn)的馴鹿死亡）”可知，冰覆蓋的地衣導(dǎo)致食物短缺，使得許多馴鹿在2014年

冬季向南遷徙時(shí)死亡。故選B。

【13題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第四段中“Inhislanguage,thereareover300wordstodescribesnow.Butwithlesssnow,

theSamiculturefacestheriskoflosingelementsofitsculturalidentity.（在他的語(yǔ)言中,有300多個(gè)單詞可以描

述雪。但隨著降雪的減少，薩米文化面臨著失去其文化特征元素的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)）”可知，全球變暖通過(guò)威脅他們的

文化元素對(duì)北極文化構(gòu)成風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故選B。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。由文章倒數(shù)第二段“Despitethesechallenges,herdershavebeencooperatingwithscientiststo

betterdealwithclimatechange.Forexample,forscientists,thedifferencebetweenvarioustypesofsnowishardto

tell.Butlocalpeoplewholivewithsnoweverydaycanseewhatscientistsfailtosee.Atthesametime,satellite

datafrommodernscientistscouldhelppredictdisastersforthelocalpeople.Tocombinethesetwodifferent

knowledgesystemstogether,theUSNationalScienceFoundationsetuptheCenterforBraidingIndigenous

KnowledgeandSciencethisSeptember.Thegoalistorecognizethevalueofindigenousknowledgealongside

modernresearchmethods.（盡管面臨這些挑戰(zhàn)，牧民們一直在與科學(xué)家合作，以更好地應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化。例

如，對(duì)于科學(xué)家來(lái)說(shuō)，不同類型的雪很難區(qū)分。但是每天生活在雪中的當(dāng)?shù)厝丝梢钥吹娇茖W(xué)家看不到的東

西。同時(shí)，來(lái)自現(xiàn)代科學(xué)家的衛(wèi)星數(shù)據(jù)可以幫助當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣耦A(yù)測(cè)災(zāi)害。為了將這兩種不同的知識(shí)體系結(jié)合在

一起，美國(guó)國(guó)家科學(xué)基金會(huì)在今年9月建立了本土知識(shí)與科學(xué)編織中心。其目標(biāo)是承認(rèn)本土知識(shí)與現(xiàn)代研

究方法的價(jià)值）”可推知，科學(xué)家和牧民合作是為了彌補(bǔ)他們的知識(shí)差距。故選D。

【15題詳解】

推理判斷題。由文章最后一段""Wemustrealizewecan'tover-consumeourplanet.Thisisurgent.Weneedto

listentoalltheindigenouspeoplewhoknowhowtoliveinharmonywiththeplanet,“BlindtoldTheGuardian.

（“我們必須意識(shí)到，我們不能過(guò)度消耗我們的地球。這件事很緊急。我們需要傾聽(tīng)所有知道如何與地球和

諧相處的土著人民的聲音，"Blind告訴《衛(wèi)報(bào)》）”可推知，布林德對(duì)建立“編織本土知識(shí)與科學(xué)中心”

的態(tài)度是支持的。故選A。

第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下而短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選

項(xiàng)。

WhatAretheBestRulesYou'veHadwithYburRoommates?

Livingwithotherpeoplecanbedifficult,especiallywheneachpersoncomesfromadifferentbackgroundand

hastheirownideasabouthowtheywanttolive.However,maintainingawarmandfriendlyrelationshipwith

roommatesisessentialforbothpersonalgrowthandacademicsuccess.

16

?Makeafinancialagreement.Itisagoodideatogetafinancialagreementinwritingtoavoidanyissuesdown

theroad.17Makesureyou'reokaywithpayinghalfofthebillsifyourroommatesconstantlyleavethe

tapson.

?18Music,TV,oranyothernoisesshouldbekeptatalowdecibellevel.Alongwithstudyhabits,

youshoulddiscusshowtomanagephoneconversationsandvisitorsintheroom.

*Cleanandmaintainthehouseresponsibly.Wedon'tneedadishwashingortoiletcleaningscheduleclipped

onthefridgeaslongaswebehaveresponsibly.

?Decidewhatyouwillshare.Makeacleardelineationbetweenyourstuffandyourroommate'sstuffDecide

whatcontentsinthefridgeareokaytoshareandwhichareofflimits.19

Rulesexistforareason.Thereasonistohelppeoplefromdifferentwalksoflifetoharmoniouslycohabitand

callahouseahome.Livingwithroommatesisanexperienceofalifetime.20Eachpersonwillleavea

partofthemwithyoubehind-alaugh,acry,alesson,anexperience.

A.Ifaproblemcomesup,ifsbettertotalkaboutitrightawaythantotrytoignoreitandletitgetworse.

B.Herearesomeofthegoldenrulesthathelpmaintainagreeablelivingconditions.

C.Youwillhaveyourbestandyourworstmemorieswithroommates.

D.Rulesarenegotiableandcompromiseisawayoflife.

E.Decidehowyouwilldivideuptherentandutilitypayments,anddeterminewhetherornotyouwillsplitthe

cableandInternetbill.

ERemembertoaskbefore“borrowing“anythingandalwaystakegoodcareofanyborroweditems.

G.Respectroommates?privacyandpersonalspace.

【答案】16.B17.E18.G19.F20.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章提出了一系列與室友合理相處的黃金規(guī)則，旨在幫助不同背景的人和諧共

處，創(chuàng)造一個(gè)舒適的家居環(huán)境。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)上文的uLivingwithotherpeoplecanbedifficult,especiallywheneachpersoncomesfromadifferent

backgroundandhastheirownideasabouthowtheywanttolive.However,maintainingawarmandfriendly

relationshipwithroommatesisessentialforbothpersonalgrowthandacademicsuccess.（與他人——起生活可能會(huì)

很困難，尤其是當(dāng)每個(gè)人都來(lái)自不同的背景，對(duì)自己的生活方式有自己的想法時(shí)。然而，與室友保持溫暖

友好的關(guān)系對(duì)個(gè)人成長(zhǎng)和學(xué)業(yè)成功都至關(guān)重要。）”可知，與室友和諧相處是重要的，B項(xiàng)（這里有一些黃

金法則，可以幫助你保持舒適的生活條件。）承接上文，指出與室友和諧相處需要遵循一些法則，引出下文

的具體內(nèi)容，為過(guò)渡句，故選B項(xiàng)。

【17題詳解】

I艮據(jù)上文的“Makeafinancialagreement.Itisagoodideatogetafinancialagreementinwritingtoavoidany

issuesdowntheroad.（達(dá)成財(cái)務(wù)協(xié)議。最好以書面形式達(dá)成財(cái)務(wù)協(xié)議，以避免未來(lái)出現(xiàn)任何問(wèn)題。）”可

知，本段強(qiáng)調(diào)達(dá)成財(cái)務(wù)協(xié)議；根據(jù)下文的"Makesureyou'reokaywithpayinghalfofthebillsifyour

roommatesconstantlyleavethetapson.（如果你的室友總是開(kāi)著水龍頭，確保你能支付一半的賬單。）”可

知，這是財(cái)務(wù)協(xié)議的具體內(nèi)容，E項(xiàng)（決定如何分擔(dān)房租和公用事業(yè)費(fèi)用，以及是否分擔(dān)有線電視和網(wǎng)絡(luò)費(fèi)

用。）是在進(jìn)一步舉例說(shuō)明如何達(dá)成財(cái)務(wù)協(xié)議，故選E項(xiàng)。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)下文的"Music,TV,oranyothernoisesshouldbekeptatalowdecibellevel.Alongwithstudyhabits,you

shoulddiscusshowtomanagephoneconversationsandvisitorsintheroom.（音樂(lè)、電視或任何其他噪音都應(yīng)保

持在低分貝水平。除了學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣，你還應(yīng)該討論如何應(yīng)對(duì)房間里的電話交談和訪客。）”可知，這些情況會(huì)

涉及到室友的個(gè)人生活和隱私，G項(xiàng)（尊重室友的隱私和個(gè)人空間。）能夠概括本段內(nèi)容，可以作為主題

句，故選G項(xiàng)。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)上文的（lDecidewhatyouwillshare.Makeacleardelineationbetweenyourstuffandyourroommate'sstuff.

Decidewhatcontentsinthefridgeareokaytoshareandwhichareofflimits.（決定你要分享什么。把你的東西

和室友的東西劃清界限。決定冰箱里哪些東西可以分享，哪些是禁止的。）”可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)（記得在“借”任

何東西之前要問(wèn)清楚，并且總是要好好保管任何借來(lái)的東西。）承接上文，指出要明確區(qū)分個(gè)人的物品，對(duì)

于借用要征求室友的同意并保管好，故選F項(xiàng)。

【20題詳解】

根據(jù)上文的"Livingwithroommatesisanexperienceofalifetime.（和室友一起生活是一種生活體驗(yàn)。）”和下

文的“Eachpersonwillleaveapartofthemwithyoubehind—alaugh,acry,alesson,anexperience.（每個(gè)人都會(huì)

把其中的一部分留給你，包括一次歡笑、一次哭泣、一次教訓(xùn)、一次經(jīng)歷。）”可知，C項(xiàng)（室友會(huì)給你帶來(lái)

最美好的回憶和最糟糕的回憶。）承接上文，指出和室友一起生活既會(huì)帶來(lái)好的又會(huì)帶來(lái)不好的體驗(yàn)，下文

具體指出了體驗(yàn)的例子，故選C項(xiàng)。

第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面的短文，從題中所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

Afewyearsago,LaQuistaErinna'sson,Jackson,wasdiagnosedwithautism（自閉癥）.Erinnahadalways

noticedJacksonwas21toeverydaythings.Butthemostdifficultthingwasgettinga（n）22.

“UsuallyIhavetodosomecoachingtogethiminthechairandhewillputonhisheadphones.Erinnaexplained.

Thestresswasso23forher,soshedecidedtostoptakinghimtothebarber.

“Wewentalmosttwoyearswithnohaircuts.Peoplewouldalwayscommentonhow24hishair

was,“Erinnaremembered.t4Itwasreally25forme.Iwastryingtoprotectmybaby,butIjusthadto

developsometoughskin.^^

Ultimately,Erinnafounda26namedReeandthingsseemedtobepossible.Reehasbeenabletodo

things27.

However,thingswent28atthebeginningoneday."Wegotcaughtintraffic.Helefthisheadphones.

Wehadn'thadlunch.Itwasjustlikeaseriesof29events,9,Erinnasaid.

Jackson30togetinthebarber?schair.Hestartedrunningaroundtheshop.Erinnawasaboutto

andcallitaday,butReeencouragedherto32.ThenReenoticedJackson'sSuper

MarioBroshirtandtoldhimthatheneededtosaveMariobymakingsurenohairgotonMario.

Atlast,ReemanagedtogetJacksontositdown.Shetalkedtohimthroughouttheentireprocessandturned

thehaircutintoa33,encouraginghimtoprotectMari