高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1黑龍江省龍東聯(lián)盟2024-2025學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語試題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分20分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.WhatwasthepriceoftheblueT-shirtlastweek?A.$3. B.$7. C.$10.【答案】C【原文】W:CanIhelpyou?M:Yes,please.I’dliketoknowthepriceoftheblueT-shirtinthewindowW:Certainly.Itwas$10lastweek,butthisweekthereisa30percentdiscount.M:Great!I’lltakeitthen.2.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Dressingup. B.Enteringabuilding. C.Lookingforaperson.【答案】C【原文】M:Therearesomanypeoplehere.Iwonderifwe’llseehim.W:Hetoldmethathewouldbewearingablackandgrayhat.M:Well,thatdefinitelynarrowsitdown.3.What’swrongwiththeman?A.Heisinjured. B.Hehasaheadache. C.Hesleepstoomuch.【答案】B【原文】W:Goodmorning!What’swrongwithyou?M:Myheadiskillingme.W:Howlonghaveyoubeenfeelinglikethis?M:Itbeganyesterdayanditkeptmeawakethewholenight.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Auser. B.Aprinter. C.Atest.【答案】B【原文】W:Thisnewprinterisreallyhardtouse.Maybeweshouldtestitforafewdaysbeforewedecidetobuyit.M:It’ssurenotthemostuser-friendly.5.HowdoesthemanfeelaboutFred?A.Amazed. B.Disappointed. C.Grateful.【答案】A【原文】M:Ididn’texpectFredtoplayfootballsowell.W:Infact,heusedtobeatopplayerinhisuniversitydays.M:Really?Icanhardlybelieveit第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inabank. B.Inarestaurant. C.Inaclassroom.7.Whatdoesthewomanprobablyaskthemantodo?A.Servethecustomers. B.Waitpatientlyoutside. C.Drinksomeapplejuice.【答案】6.B7.A【原文】M:Howmanycustomershavewegotintoday?W:Er...6.M:6?Isthatall?IguessTheAngelmusthavemorethan6customers.W:Yes,it’sfull.Iwalkedpastafewminutesago.Therewerepeoplewaitingoutside.M:Oh,dear.Ifwedon’tgetourcustomersback,we’regoingtohavetocloseit.W:Thatwon’thappen.TheseareforTable2.Andtheywantabottleofapplejuice.Comeon,hurryup.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.Whatdoesthewoman’sfatherwanttodo?A.Getavideophone. B.Visitherfrequently. C.Sendagifttoher.9.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofherfather’sidea?A.Common. B.Meaningful. C.Unacceptable.【答案】8.A9.C【原文】W:Mydadistalkingaboutgettingoneofthosevideophones,youknow,thekindwhereyoucanseethepeopleyou’retalkingtoandtheycanseeyou.M:Oh.I’dhatethat.W:Yeah,Iagreewithyou.Ithinkit’sacrazyidea.Imean,I’dfeeluncomfortable.M:Right,thephonewouldringandyou’dthink,“IhavetolookinthemirrorbeforeIanswerthephone.”Howstupiditis!聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。10.WhydidJoshgototheSurfCafelastnight?A.Foraparty. B.Forhisbirthday. C.Forschoolwork.11.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Getupearly. B.Studyharder. C.Seeafilm.12.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends. B.Teacherandstudent. C.Doctorandpatient.【答案】10.A11.C12.A【原文】W:Youlookterrible,Josh!M:Ifeelterrible.Ididn’tgettobeduntil4:00am.W:Youshouldn’tgotobedsolate.M:Well,therewasapartyforTony’sbirthdayattheSurfCafe,soofcourseIwenttherewhenIfinishedwork.Andlookatmyface.Howterrible!Theskinonmyfaceandneckturnssored!W:Hmm.Itseemsthatit’sallthoseFrenchfriesyou’vebeeneating.Andchocolatecakes.Youshouldgivethemup,Josh!M:Maybeyou’reright.I’vebeenstayinguplatedoingmyschoolwork,too,andIhaven’tbeensleepingverywellrecently.W:You’vebeendoingtoomuch.Anyway,let’sgotoseeamovie.That’llhelpyourelax.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。13.Whatisthewoman?A.Apainter. B.Aneducator. C.Ahostess.14.Whendidthemanmoveout?A.Aweekago. B.Fourmonthsago. C.Sixmonthsago.15.Whatattitudedidtheman’sparentsholdtowardhisdecision?A.Supportive. B.Unclear. C.Passive.16.Whatistheman’sadviceforteenagerswantingtomoveout?A.Doitjustforfun. B.Findagoodreason. C.Saveenoughmoney.【答案】13.C14.B15.A16.B【原文】W:Hello,everyone.Welcometothesixthofourprograms.Thisweek’sprogramiscalledMovingoutandwehaveBriantoday.So,Brian,howlonghasitbeensinceyoumovedout?M:Imovedoutfourmonthsago,butitwasn’twhatyoumightcallacleanbreak.Ididn’tmoveoutallatonce.Ididitgraduallyandspentmostoftheweekwithmyparentsatfirst.IstartedbyspendingtheweekendsatmynewflatsothatIcouldgetusedtolivingaloneslowly.MyparentswerereallyunderstandingwhenItoldthemwhereIwantedtomove.Yousee,Iwantedtogosomewherequiet—aplacewhereIcouldpaint.W:Finally,I’dliketoaskyousomeadviceyouwouldgivetoateenagerwhowasthinkingofleavinghome.M:Ibelievethatthepointistohaveagoodreasonforleavinghomeanddon’tjustmovebecauseyoujustwanttomove.Imeanyoushouldn'tdoitjustbecauseitsoundslikefun.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。17.Whatkindofmusicdoesthespeakerdislike?A.Pop. B.Rock. C.Jazz.18.Whatdidthespeakerdoduringthefestival?A.Hesoldoutsometents. B.Hecampedonthefield. C.Heperformedonstage.19.Howdidtheorganizersrespondtothebadweather?A.Bycancelingtheconcert.B.Byprovidingplasticraincoats.C.Byclosingthespecialwalkways.20.Whatcanweknowaboutthespeakeratthefestival?A.Heenjoyedthemusic.B.Hehadagoodlivingplace.C.Hedislikedthesupportingbands.【答案】17.C18.B19.B20.A【原文】M:I’vealwaysenjoyedlisteningtomusic.Ithelpsmecalmdownafterabusyday.Insteadofjazz,Ilikemanydifferenttypesofmusic,suchasrockandR&B.LastyearIwenttoapopfestival.Itlastedforthreedays,sowedecidedtocamponthefieldprovidedbytheconcertorganizers.Theweatherwasawfulanditrainedallweekend.Wewereallwet!Anyway,theconcertcontinued,payingnoattentiontotheweather.Theorganizersadvisedustokeeptothespecialwalkwaysthattheyhadsetupandgaveussomeplasticraincoatstoputoverourtents.Althoughtheweatherwasbad,themusicwasgreat.Iparticularlyenjoyedsomeofthesupportingbands—Ialwaysfindtheyperformbetterthanthemainstars.It’sprobablybecausethisistheirgreatchancetogettheirmusicheard.Itisagreatpleasuretogotothepopfestival,butIwishIhadbookedintoahotelratherthandecidetosleepinatent!第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AFourWorld-famousArtMuseumsMuseumofModernArtNewYork,UnitedStatesofAmerica(USA)Sinceitsfoundingin1929,themuseumhasdevoteditselftocollectingcontemporaryart,namelylate19th-and20th-centuryart.ItscollectiontakesyouonanartisticjourneythroughPost-Impressionism,Cubism,Surrealism,AbstractImpressionism,andPopArt,withmorethanafewmasterpiecesalongtheway.It’sgreatforfamilies,withspecialkid-friendlyguidesonthewebsitetothemasterpiecesandhighlights.Adultprice:￡22Goodforage:13+ArtInstituteofChicagoChicago,UnitedStatesofAmerica(USA)Foundedin1879,theUS’ssecondlargestartmuseumistheplaceforworld-classImpressionistandPost-Impressionistart.Hometo300,000works,italsoregularlyhostsunmissabletemporaryexhibitions.HighlightsincludeVanGogh’sSelf-PortraitandBedroominArles,Monet’sWaterLillies,plusworksbyCezanne,Picasso,MagriteandGaugin.Adultprice:￡17Goodforage:18+S?oPauloMuseumofArtS?oPaulo,BrazilFoundedin1947,SouthAmerica’sgreatestmuseumfeaturesacollectionofover10,000piecesfromacrossEurope,Africa,AsiaandtheAmericas.It’sthelargestcollectionofEuropeanArtintheSouthernhemisphere(半球),includingworksbyPicasso.RembrandtandVanGoh.Themuseumisconsideredoneofthecity’smosteye-catchingbuildings,anarchitecturalstand-outdesignedbyLinaBoBardi.Adultprice:￡6Goodforage:18+ReinaSofíaNationalMuseumMadrid,SpainFoundedin1992,thisMadrid’sworld-classmodernartmuseumhasacollectionofartfromthe19thcenturyonwards.Theearliestworkofartisfrom1881,thesameyearwhenPabloPicassowasborn.ThemuseummainlyfocusesonSpanishartandishometooutstandingcollectionsofSpain’stwogreatest20th-centurymasters,PabloPicassoandSalvadorDali.Adultprice:￡8Goodforage:18+21.Whichmuseumwasfoundedearliest?A.ArtInstituteofChicago. B.MuseumofModernArt.C.SaoPauloMuseumofArt. D.ReinaSofiaNationalMuseum.22.HowmuchshouldacouplepayforavisittoSouthAmerica’sgreatestmuseum?A.￡6. B.￡12. C.￡18. D.￡34.23.WhatcanvisitorsdoinReinaSofiaNationalMuseum?A.Watch18th-centurypaintings. B.Refertospecialguidesforkids.C.AdmirePicasso’smasterpieces. D.CommunicatewithLinaBoBardi.【答案】21.A22.B23.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹四座世界著名藝術(shù)博物館的成立時間、藏品等信息?！?1題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MuseumofModernArt部分中的“Sinceitsfoundingin1929,themuseumhasdevoteditselftocollectingcontemporaryart,namelylate19th-and20th-centuryart.(該博物館自1929年建館以來，一直致力于收藏當代藝術(shù)作品，即19世紀晚期至20世紀的藝術(shù)品)”；ArtInstituteofChicago部分中的“Foundedin1879,theUS’ssecondlargestartmuseumistheplaceforworld-classImpressionistandPost-Impressionistart.(建于1879年的美國第二大藝術(shù)博物館是世界級印象派和后印象派藝術(shù)作品的匯集之地)”；S?oPauloMuseumofArt部分中的“Foundedin1947,SouthAmerica’sgreatestmuseumfeaturesacollectionofover10,000piecesfromacrossEurope,Africa,AsiaandtheAmericas.(這座南美洲最負盛名的博物館建于1947年，館內(nèi)收藏了超過10,000件來自歐洲、非洲、亞洲和美洲各地的藏品)”；ReinaSofíaNationalMuseum部分中的“Foundedin1992,thisMadrid’sworld-classmodernartmuseumhasacollectionofartfromthe19thcenturyonwards.(這座位于馬德里的世界級現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)博物館建于1992年，收藏了19世紀以來的藝術(shù)作品)”可知，成立最早的是ArtInstituteofChicago。故選A項?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)S?oPauloMuseumofArt部分中的“Foundedin1947,SouthAmerica’sgreatestmuseumfeaturesacollectionofover10,000piecesfromacrossEurope,Africa,AsiaandtheAmericas.(這座南美洲最負盛名的博物館建于1947年，館內(nèi)收藏了超過10,000件來自歐洲、非洲、亞洲和美洲各地的藏品)”可知，圣保羅藝術(shù)博物館是南美洲最偉大的博物館，結(jié)合“Adultprice:￡6(成人票價：6英鎊)”可知，一對夫婦參觀南美洲最偉大的博物館需要支付6×2=12英鎊。故選B項?！?3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ReinaSofíaNationalMuseum部分中的“ThemuseummainlyfocusesonSpanishartandishometooutstandingcollectionsofSpain’stwogreatest20th-centurymasters,PabloPicassoandSalvadorDali.(該博物館主要專注于西班牙藝術(shù)，收藏了西班牙20世紀最偉大的兩位大師巴勃羅·畢加索和薩爾瓦多·達利的杰出作品)”可知，游客在ReinaSofíaNationalMuseum可以欣賞到畢加索的杰作。故選C項。B261Fearless,anall-women’srunninggroupco-foundedbyKathrineSwitzer,whomadehistoryasthefirstwomantoofficiallyfinishtheBostonMarathon(馬拉松)in1967,isprovingthatrunningisforallwomen.Switzer,now78,signedupforthe1967BostonMarathon,whichuntilthatpointwasmostlyrunbymen.Whilewomenwerenotofficiallykeptawayfromthecourse,peopledidnotbelievewomenwerecapableofrunningsuchadistance.RaceofficialsdidnotknowthatSwitzerwasrunninguntilsheenteredthesecondmileoftherace.Anofficialranupbehindherandtriedtotearoffhernumber,261.Shewasabletobreakfreeandkeptrunning,finishingthemarathonandbecomingasymbolofgirlpowerinsports.Switzerwentontocomplete40marathonsinherlifetimeofrunningandcontinuedtofightforallwomentohavetheopportunitytorun.Shecreatedawomen’s-onlyinternationalracecircuit(巡回賽),whichledtothewomen’smarathonbeingincludedintheOlympicsforthefirsttimein1984.Shealsoworkedasatelevisionbroadcaster,callingbigrunningeventsincludingtheBostonMarathonandtheOlympicraces.Morerecently,sheisareturningcaptainfortheEveryWoman’sMarathon,whichbillsitselfastheonlyU.S.marathondesignedonlyforwomen.Mostimportantly,Switzercreated261Fearless,aglobalnonprofitorganizationwhosemissionistoempowerwomenthroughrunningandeducationprograms,withafocusoncreatingasafeandsupportivespaceforwomeninanon-competitiveenvironment.Sinceitsfounding,theorganizationhastrainedover500womenaroundtheworldtobecomerunningcoaches.Therearenow61groupsof261Fearlessrunnersin14countries,includingtheUnitedStates,NewZealand,andcountriesinSouthAmerica,EuropeandAfrica,unitingwomenofalldifferentagesandabilities.24.Before1967,theBostonMarathonwas.A.unpopularwithmen B.asignoffemalepowerC.knownforwomenwinners D.mainlyintendedformen25.WhathappenedtoSwitzerwhensheranthe1967BostonMarathon?A.Amantooktheplaceofher. B.Shefailedtofinishtherace.C.Someoneattemptedtostopher. D.Shewasforcedtogiveupatfirst.26.Whatisparagraph4mainlyaboutconcerningSwitzer?A.HereffortstojointheOlympics. B.Herachievementsintrainingcoaches.C.Hercontributiontowomen’smarathons. D.HerperformanceintheOlympicraces.27.Whatcanbelearnedabout261Fearless?A.Itisveryinfluential. B.Itisopentoallpeople.C.Ithascometoanend. D.Itaimstomakeafortune.【答案】24.D25.C26.C27.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了凱瑟琳·斯威策的傳奇經(jīng)歷，她在1967年成為首位正式完成波士頓馬拉松的女性，之后為女性馬拉松事業(yè)做出諸多貢獻，還創(chuàng)立了旨在通過跑步和教育項目賦予女性力量的全球性非營利組織“261Fearless”，該組織影響力廣泛。【24題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Switzer,now78,signedupforthe1967BostonMarathon,whichuntilthatpointwasmostlyrunbymen.(現(xiàn)年78歲的斯威策報名參加了1967年的波士頓馬拉松賽，在此之前，這項賽事主要由男性參加)”可知，1967年之前，波士頓馬拉松主要是為男性準備的。故選D項?！?5題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Anofficialranupbehindherandtriedtotearoffhernumber,261.(一位官員從她身后跑上來，試圖撕掉她的號碼261)”可知，1967年斯威策跑波士頓馬拉松時，有人試圖阻止她。故選C項?！?6題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Switzerwentontocomplete40marathonsinherlifetimeofrunningandcontinuedtofightforallwomentohavetheopportunitytorun.Shecreatedawomen’s-onlyinternationalracecircuit(巡回賽),whichledtothewomen’smarathonbeingincludedintheOlympicsforthefirsttimein1984.Shealsoworkedasatelevisionbroadcaster,callingbigrunningeventsincludingtheBostonMarathonandtheOlympicraces.Morerecently,sheisareturningcaptainfortheEveryWoman’sMarathon,whichbillsitselfastheonlyU.S.marathondesignedonlyforwomen.(斯威策在其跑步生涯中繼續(xù)完成了40場馬拉松比賽，并且持續(xù)為所有女性爭取跑步的機會而奮斗。她創(chuàng)立了一項女子專屬的國際巡回賽，正是這項賽事促使女子馬拉松在1984年首次被納入奧運會項目。她還擔任過電視廣播員，解說包括波士頓馬拉松和奧運會田徑賽事在內(nèi)的大型跑步賽事。最近，她又成為了“女性專屬馬拉松賽”（EveryWoman’sMarathon）的回歸隊長，該賽事號稱是美國唯一一項專為女性設(shè)計的馬拉松賽事)”可知，主要講述了斯威策對女子馬拉松運動的貢獻。故選C項?！?7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Sinceitsfounding,theorganizationhastrainedover500womenaroundtheworldtobecomerunningcoaches.Therearenow61groupsof261Fearlessrunnersin14countries,includingtheUnitedStates,NewZealand,andcountriesinSouthAmerica,EuropeandAfrica,unitingwomenofalldifferentagesandabilities.(自成立以來，該組織已培訓(xùn)了全球500多名女性成為跑步教練?，F(xiàn)在，在包括美國、新西蘭以及南美洲、歐洲和非洲的14個國家，有61個‘261Fearless’跑步團體，團結(jié)了不同年齡和能力的女性)”可知，“261Fearless”影響力很大。故選A項。CRobotictechnologyisrapidlyadvancinginhigh-riskindustrialenvironmentslikesomefactories.However,thereremainmanytasksthatstillrequirehumanoversight,despiteadvancesinrobotics.Thechallengeliesinthefactthatoperatingrobotsismoredifficultthanexpected,andevensmallmistakesmayleadtoaccidents.Toaddressthis,aresearchteamledbyProfessorKeehoonKimandPh.D.candidateJaehyunParkfromtheDepartmentofMechanicalEngineeringatPohangUniversityofScienceandTechnology(POSTECH)developedtwotypesofnewdevicesthatallowuserstofeelinteractionattheirfingertipswhilecontrollingrobotsremotely.The“POstick-KF”devicesendsthepreciseforcechangesarobotexperienceswhenpushingorpullingobjectsdirectlytotheuser,givingtheoperatorprecisecontroloveroperations.Meanwhile,the“POstick-VF”deviceprovidesacombinationoftactileandvisualfeedback(觸覺和視覺反饋),makingiteffectiveforuseinlargerworkspaces.Bothdevicesaremodeledaftertheactualsizeandshapeofrealtools,allowingeventhebeginnerstoadaptquickly,andcanbeselectedaccordingtotheworkenvironmentortheoperator’sskilllevel.Simulation(模擬)experimentsshowedtheeffectivenessofthesedevices:usersachievedhigheraccuracyinoperatingtherobotsandsignificantlyreducedtheriskofrunningintoobstacles(障礙物)comparedtotraditionaldevices.Thenewdevicesalsoincludedigitaltwintechnology,enablinguserstosimulateactualrobotoperationsinvirtualenvironments,anduseaugmentedreality(AR)tofurtherimproveuserconcentrationandexperience.ProfessorKeehoonKim,wholedtheresearch,madeacomment,“Ourdevicesenabletasksrequiringhuman’sskillfulnesstobeperformedmoresafelyandpreciselyincooperationwithrobots.Webelievetheywillimprovesafetyinindustrialsitesandreducethepressureonworkers.”28.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph1?A.Therearefewadvancesinrobotics. B.Operatingrobotscanbechallenging.C.Robotsworkperfectlywithhumans. D.Robotstendtomakebigmistakes.29.Whatisanadvantageofthetwonewdevices?A.Theylooksmallinsize. B.Theyareuser-friendly.C.Theyarelow-cost. D.Theyfreepeoplefromwork.30.WhatisProfessorKeehoonKim’sopiniononthenewdevices?A.Theyareofpracticalvalue. B.Theystillneedimproving.C.Theyarenotsafetousenow. D.Theyaddtopressureonworkers.31.Fromwhichpartofamagazineisthetextmostprobablytaken?A.Culture. B.Nature. C.Education. D.Technology.【答案】28.B29.B30.A31.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹浦項科技大學(xué)機械工程系的研究團隊針對機器人操作難度大、易出事故等問題，研發(fā)出“POstick-KF”和“POstick-VF”兩種新設(shè)備，介紹了其功能、優(yōu)勢及模擬實驗效果，還提及設(shè)備包含的數(shù)字孿生和增強現(xiàn)實技術(shù)，最后表明團隊負責(zé)人認為設(shè)備具有實用價值?！?8題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Thechallengeliesinthefactthatoperatingrobotsismoredifficultthanexpected,andevensmallmistakesmayleadtoaccidents.(挑戰(zhàn)在于操作機器人比預(yù)期的更困難，即使是小錯誤也可能導(dǎo)致事故)”可知，操作機器人具有挑戰(zhàn)性。故選B項?！?9題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Bothdevicesaremodeledaftertheactualsizeandshapeofrealtools,allowingeventhebeginnerstoadaptquickly,andcanbeselectedaccordingtotheworkenvironmentortheoperator’sskilllevel.(這兩種設(shè)備都仿照真實工具的實際大小和形狀制作，即使是初學(xué)者也能快速適應(yīng)，并且可以根據(jù)工作環(huán)境或操作員的技能水平進行選擇)”可知，這兩種新設(shè)備對用戶友好。故選B項?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“ProfessorKeehoonKim,wholedtheresearch,madeacomment,“Ourdevicesenabletasksrequiringhuman’sskillfulnesstobeperformedmoresafelyandpreciselyincooperationwithrobots.Webelievetheywillimprovesafetyinindustrialsitesandreducethepressureonworkers.”(領(lǐng)導(dǎo)這項研究的KeehoonKim教授評論說：“我們的設(shè)備使需要人類技能的任務(wù)能夠與機器人更安全、精確地協(xié)作完成。我們相信它們將提高工業(yè)場所的安全性并減輕工人的壓力”)”可知，KeehoonKim教授認為新設(shè)備具有實用價值。故選A項?！?1題詳析】文章出處題。主要介紹浦項科技大學(xué)機械工程系的研究團隊針對機器人操作難度大、易出事故等問題，研發(fā)出“POstick-KF”和“POstick-VF”兩種新設(shè)備，介紹了其功能、優(yōu)勢及模擬實驗效果，還提及設(shè)備包含的數(shù)字孿生和增強現(xiàn)實技術(shù)，最后表明團隊負責(zé)人認為設(shè)備具有實用價值，屬于科技范疇。故選D項。DAninternationalteamledbyresearchersfromtheUniversityofAdelaideandtheUniversityofCopenhagenreconstructedan11,700-yearecologicalbaselineforbowheadwhales,whichareathreatenedArcticnativespecies.Usingcomputermodels,fossils,andhuntingrecords,theteammappedthelocationandsizeofsuitablesummerforaginghabitat(覓食棲息地)forbowheadwhales,findingthatuntilrecentlyithadremainednearlyunchanged.However,theypredict(預(yù)測)thatfutureclimatechangewilldestroy65—75percentofthisforaginghabitatbytheendofthe21stcentury.IntheSeaofOkhotsk,whichishometooneofonlyfourpopulationsofbowheadwhales,usablesummerhabitatislikelytovanishentirelyby2060.Thereasonforthereductionisthebreakupofacloserelationshipbetweenbowheadwhalesandsummerseaicecover.“Bowheadwhaleshavepreferredtoforageamongseaiceforthousandsofyears,”saidleadauthorNicholasFreymueller.“However,Arcticseaicehasbecomelessinrecentdecades,andthisissettobeworseincomingdecades,causingwherebowheadwhalescurrentlygatherinlargenumberstobelost.”Theteamalsofoundthatthefewareasofsuitablebowheadhabitatpredictedtoremainintheyear2100willexistoutsidetheircurrentdistribution(分布),directlyaffectingprotectionpolicies.“Byidentifyingtheextentandlocationofbowheadwhalehabitatthatislikelytobelostincomingdecades,weprovideimportantinformationtoguidefuturemanagementeffortsofthisspecies,”saidProfessorElineLorenzen.Bowheadwhalesarestillrecoveringfromfourcenturiesofhunting.“Byusingecologicalmodelsandhistoricalrecordstoreconstructpre-huntingdistributionsofbowheadwhales,wewereabletodevelopamuchstrongerunderstandingofthehabitatpreferencesofthisspeciesthatwasnearlyhuntedtoextinction.ThisisofgreatimportancebecausetheongoingthreatstheyfacearereflectiveofwhatotherArcticspeciesfacebecauseofclimatechange,”saidseniorauthorDamienFordham.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vanish”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Approach. B.Disappear. C.Recover. D.Spread.33.WhatisNicholasFreymuellertryingtodoinparagraph3?A.Toshareasuggestion. B.Tomakeasummary.C.Togiveanexplanation. D.Toshowanexpectation.34.WhydoesDamienFordhamconsiderstudyingbowheadwhalesimportant?A.Itoffersasolutiontowhalehunting.B.Itenablestheircompetitorstoavoidthem.C.Itallowsthemtosearchforsuitablehabitat.D.Ithelpstolearnaboutthreatstootherspecies.35.Whatdoesthetextfocuson?A.Ecologicalmodelsandhistoricalrecords.B.Summerseaicecoverandfrequenthunting.C.Arcticnativespeciesandprotectionpolicies.D.Climatechangeandbowheadwhales’habitat.【答案】32.B33.C34.D35.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。一項新的研究對北極地區(qū)11700年來弓頭鯨的生存狀況進行了調(diào)查。研究人員預(yù)測，由于氣候變化導(dǎo)致的海冰減少將導(dǎo)致弓頭鯨的覓食棲息地嚴重萎縮?！?2題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段“However,theypredict(預(yù)測)thatfutureclimatechangewilldestroy65—75percentofthisforaginghabitatbytheendofthe21stcentury.(然而，他們預(yù)測，到21世紀末，未來的氣候變化將破壞65%-75%的這種覓食棲息地。)”以及“usablesummerhabitatislikelytovanishentirelyby2060.(到2060年，可用的夏季棲息地可能會完全vanish。)”可知，這里說的是棲息地會因氣候變化而遭到破壞，所以到2060年可能會完全消失，故選B項?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Thereasonforthereductionisthebreakupofacloserelationshipbetweenbowheadwhalesandsummerseaicecover.“Bowheadwhaleshavepreferredtoforageamongseaiceforthousandsofyears,”saidleadauthorNicholasFreymueller.

(數(shù)量減少的原因是弓頭鯨與夏季海冰覆蓋之間的緊密關(guān)系破裂。“幾千年來，弓頭鯨一直喜歡在海冰中覓食”主要作者尼古拉斯·弗雷姆勒說。)”可知，尼古拉斯·弗雷姆勒在解釋弓頭鯨棲息地減少的原因。故選C項?！?4題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“ThisisofgreatimportancebecausetheongoingthreatstheyfacearereflectiveofwhatotherArcticspeciesfacebecauseofclimatechange,”saidseniorauthorDamienFordham.(“這非常重要，因為它們目前面臨的威脅反映了其他北極物種因氣候變化而面臨的威脅”資深作者達米安·福德姆說。)”可知，達米安·福德姆認為研究弓頭鯨重要是因為這有助于了解對其他物種的威脅。故選D項?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。文章開篇提到研究團隊重建弓頭鯨生態(tài)基線，接著闡述氣候變化將破壞其覓食棲息地及原因，最后說明研究對了解其他北極物種面臨威脅的意義，所以文章重點是氣候變化和弓頭鯨的棲息地。故選D項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Trustplaysanimportantroleinagoodrelationship.However,trustdoesn’tcomeeasy.____36____Herearesomewaysthatcanhelpyoutoshowothersthatyoucanbetrustedanddependedon.Spendtimewiththem.Trustisbuiltovertime,sobereadyandwillingtoinvest（投入）timeinsomeoneifyouwanttogaintheirtrust.Eachtimeyouhangout,it’sanopportunitytohavepositiveinteractionsandshowyourtrustworthiness.Avoidonlybeingaroundthemwhenthingsaregoingwell.____37____Showkindness,respectandacceptance.Tobuildtrust,itisimportanttoshowthatyouarekind,respectfulandacceptingofotherpeople.Beunderstandingandshowthemkindnesswhentheyneedit.____38____Also,beacceptingofothers.Don’ttrytogetotherstochangeforyou.____39____Honestyisthefoundationoftrust.Speakopenlyaboutyourthoughtsandfeelings,evenwhenit’sdifficult.Avoidhidingtruths,asliescaneasilybreaktrust.Whenothersseeyoursincerity（真誠）,they’llfeelsafeandbelieveinyou.Beingopenandrealhelpsbuildstrongandlastingrelationshipsovertime.Beaccessible.____40____Ifyoudon’trespondfordays,itcreatestheillusion（錯覺）thatyoueitherdon’tcareenoughtoreplyoryou’rebusydoingsomethingthatyoucan’ttalktothemabout.Trytobeavailablewhentheyneedyou.A.Befrank.B.Providenecessaryhelp.C.Ittakestimeandefforttobuild.D.Bethereforthemduringtheupsandthedowns.E.Listenwithpatiencewhentheysharesomethingwithyou.F.Alwaysrespecttheirthoughtsandbeliefs,evenwhentheyaredifferentfromyours.G.Whenyourfriendtextsorcallsyou,trytoreplyorcallthembackassoonaspossible.【答案】36.C37.D38.F39.A40.G【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了四種獲得信任的做法。【36題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Trustplaysanimportantroleinagoodrelationship.However,trustdoesn’tcomeeasy.(信任在良好的關(guān)系中起著重要作用。然而，信任并非輕易可得。)”可知，承接前文，進一步說明信任需要時間和努力來建立，引出后文關(guān)于建立信任方法的內(nèi)容。故C選項“它需要時間和努力去建立”符合語境，故選C?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Spendtimewiththem.Trustisbuiltovertime,sobereadyandwillingtoinvest(投入)timeinsomeoneifyouwanttogaintheirtrust.Eachtimeyouhangout,it’sanopportunitytohavepositiveinteractionsandshowyourtrustworthiness.Avoidonlybeingaroundthemwhenthingsaregoingwell.(花時間和他們在一起。信任是隨著時間建立起來的，所以如果你想贏得他們的信任，就要準備好并愿意在某人身上投入時間。每次你出去玩，這都是一個進行積極互動并展示你值得信賴的機會。避免只在事情進展順利的時候和他們在一起。)”可知，選項承接前文，強調(diào)要在各種情況下都陪伴他人，這樣才能建立信任。D選項“在他們順境和逆境時都陪伴在他們身邊?！狈险Z境，故選D。【38題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Showkindness,respectandacceptance.Tobuildtrust,itisimportanttoshowthatyouarekind,respectfulandacceptingofotherpeople.Beunderstandingandshowthemkindnesswhentheyneedit.(展示友善、尊重和接納。為了建立信任，重要的是要表明你對他人友善、尊重和接納。要理解他人，并在他們需要時向他們展示友善。)”及下文“Also,beacceptingofothers.Don’ttrytogetotherstochangeforyou.(同樣，要接納他人。不要試圖讓他人為你改變。)”可知，選項承上啟下，具體闡述如何尊重他人，與前后文共同說明建立信任時在友善、尊重和接納方面的做法。F選項“始終尊重他們的想法和信仰，即使它們與你的不同。”符合語境，故選F?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Honestyisthefoundationoftrust.Speakopenlyaboutyourthoughtsandfeelings,evenwhenit’sdifficult.Avoidhidingtruths,asliescaneasilybreaktrust.Whenothersseeyoursincerity（真誠）,they’llfeelsafeandbelieveinyou.Beingopenandrealhelpsbuildstrongandlastingrelationshipsovertime.(誠實是信任的基礎(chǔ)。要坦誠地說出你的想法和感受，即使這很困難。避免隱瞞真相，因為謊言很容易破壞信任。當別人看到你的真誠時，他們會感到安心并相信你。隨著時間的推移，保持開放和真實有助于建立牢固而持久的關(guān)系。)”可知，本段主要講要坦誠。A選項“要坦誠?！狈险Z境，作為小標題概括該段內(nèi)容，故選A?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Beaccessible.(要做到隨時可及。)”及下文“Ifyoudon’trespondfordays,itcreatestheillusion(錯覺)thatyoueitherdon’tcareenoughtoreplyoryou’rebusydoingsomethingthatyoucan’ttalktothemabout.Trytobeavailablewhentheyneedyou.(如果你幾天不回復(fù)，就會造成一種錯覺，即你要么不在乎回復(fù)，要么在忙著做一些不能和他們談?wù)摰氖虑?。當他們需要你的時候，盡量有空。)”可知，需要承上啟下，具體舉例說明如何做到隨時可及，即盡快回復(fù)朋友的信息或電話，引出后文不及時回復(fù)的不良影響。G選項“當你的朋友給你發(fā)短信或打電話時，盡量盡快回復(fù)或回電?！狈险Z境，故選G。第三部分語言運用（共三節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。In2004,SteveandhiswifeNicolabookedabeachholidayinThailand.Theyhadbeenonthe