Ⅰ.閱讀理解AAustralia.Tomovements.Theydays.Duringwhales.Duringedorcas，orkillerwhales，andhumpbackwhalesoffthecoastofWesternAustralia.Toresearchfurther，thescientistsattachedatrackertoafemaleorca，whichallowedthemtousesatellitestomonitorhermovements.Theyfollowedherforsixdays.Duringthattime，theorcaattackedeightyounghumpbackwhales.Duringthesevenattacks，theorcakilledthehumpbackwhalecalf(幼獸)onthreeoccasions.Butthestorydoesn'tendthere.Humpbackwhalesthemselvesarepopularlythoughttobelargebutgenerally，passivecreatures.Pitman'sstudyfindingsmayletpeoplethinkotherwise.Whenchasedbyorcas，humpbackwhalesareknowntotrytooutswimorcas.Theyarethoughttodothisathighspeedsothattheorcascan'tkeepup.Onsomeoccasions，thehumpbackwhalessoughtoutprotection.Theyswamtoshallowwater，nearbyreefs，orevenundertheresearchers'boats.Thesewaysoftenreducedtheattack.Butatothertimes，thehumpbackwhalesdecidedtostayandfight.Astheorcasapproached，themotherhumpbackwouldsometimesmovehercalftoherside，orliftitoutofthewaterusingherheadorflippers.Shealsoblewhugebreathsofairtodisturbtheorcas，andlungedorchargedatthem，slashing(劈)andslappinghertailandflippers.Perhapsmostsurprisingly，humpbackwhalesalsohaveadult“escorts(護衛(wèi)隊)”thattrytoprotectcalvesthatarenottheirown，joiningthemotherindefendingthesmallerwhale.Theseescortwhaleseitherchargedattheorcas，orplacedthemselvesbetweentheattackersandcalves，slashingtheirtailsandflippers.Despitetheeffortsofthemotherwhalesandescorts，theorcasweremoreoftenthannotsuccessfulintheirattacks.Butthepresenceoftheescortsdidreducehowmanytimesawhalecalfwaskilled.[語篇解讀]本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是科學(xué)家使用科學(xué)儀器來觀察殺人鯨是如何追殺駝背鯨及后者是如何反擊和保護幼小的駝背鯨的。1．What'sthepurposeofthescientists'furtherresearch?A．Tokeeparecordofwhales'livinghabits.B．Toobserveorcas'huntinghumpbackwhales.C．Toseewhatlife-or-deathbattleswhalesmayface.D．Tofindoutthetechniquesorcasusewhenhunting.解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“Toresearchfurther...tousesatellitestomonitorhermovements.Theyfollowedherforsixdays.Duringthattime，theorcaattackedeightyounghumpbackwhales...”可知，科學(xué)家進行進一步研究的目的是觀察殺人鯨追殺駝背鯨的活動。故選B。答案：B2．Whydidthehumpbackwhalesswimtoshallowwater?A．Toavoidbeingattacked. B．Tohuntforfood.C．Toprotecttheiryoung. D．Totrickthechasers.解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“Onsomeoccasions，thehumpbackwhalessoughtoutprotection.Theyswamtoshallowwater，nearbyreefs，orevenundertheresearchers'boats.”可知，駝背鯨游至淺水區(qū)是出于自身的安全考慮，為了避免被攻擊。故選A。答案：A3．WhatismainlytalkedaboutinParagraph4?A．Whyhumpbackwhalesfallvictimtoorcas.B．Howhumpbackwhalesprotecttheircalves.C．Thegreatmotherloveofhumpbackwhales.D．Smallerhumpbackwhales'waysofsurviving.解析：段落大意題。根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容可知，本段主要講的是在面對殺人鯨的攻擊時，駝背鯨是如何進行反擊來保護自己的幼崽的。故B項最能概括本段的主旨要義。答案：B4．WhatdoesPitman'sstudyfind?A．Orcasaresuccessfulintheirattacks.B．It'snoteasyfororcastoobtainfood.C．Humpbackwhalesswimfasterthanorcas.D．Humpbackwhalescouldbeactiveanimals.解析：推理判斷題。第二段提到“Humpbackwhalesthemselvesarepopularlythoughttobelargebutgenerally，passivecreatures.Pitman'sstudyfindingsmayletpeoplethinkotherwise.”，駝背鯨一般被認為是大型的但是通常被動的生物，Pitman的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)可能會讓人不這么認為。下文接著講了面對殺人鯨的攻擊時，駝背鯨所采取的一些應(yīng)對方式，其中包含積極迎擊。故選D。答案：DBOperaisanartformthatcelebratesthehumanvoice.Nootherartformcreatesexcitementandmovestheheartinthewaythatoperadoes，especiallywhenperformedbyagreatsinger.OperaisanimportantpartoftheWesternclassicalmusictradition.Itusesmusic，words，andactionstobringadramaticstorytolife.OperastartedinItalyattheendofthe16thcenturyandlaterbecamepopularthroughoutEurope.Overtheyears，ithasrespondedtovariousmusicals.Inrecentdecades，muchwideraudienceshavebeenintroducedtooperathroughmodernrecordingtechnology.Somesingershavebeecelebritiesthankstoperformingonradio，onTV，andinthecinema.However，inrecentyears，operahasbeenfacingseriouschallenges.Onecurrentchallengetooperaiseconomics.Theshortageofmoneyraisesthebroaderquestionofhowmuchshouldbepaidtosupportoperasingersandotherartists.Societyseemstoacceptthelargesalariespaidtobusinessmanagersandthemulti-million-dollarcontractsgiventosportsathletes.Butwhataboutoperasingers?Somehow，peoplehavetheideathatartistscanbecreativeonlyiftheysufferinpoverty，butthisisunrealistic.Ifartists，includingoperasingers，lackthesupporttheyneed，valuabletalentiswasted.Notonlytheshortageofmoney，butalsothewaymoneyismanagedintheoperaworldhasledtohardships.Principalsingersaregenerallypaidperformancefeesoncetheypleteashow.Theytypicallyreceivenothingduringthemanyweeksofrehearsal(排練)beforeashowstarts.Anotherproblemfacedbyoperaishowtomeetthedemandsofaudienceswhoareinfluencedbypopularentertainment.Popsingersareoftenjudgedasmuchonthebasisofhowtheylookashowtheysound.Thesedemandsmaybeunrealisticandpossiblyharmful.Operasingerssimplycannotmakeasoundbigenoughtofillalargetheaterorconcerthallwithoutamicrophoneiftheirbodyweightistoolow.Emphasizingphysicalappearanceoversingingabilitymaycauseaudiencestomissoutonthehumanvoiceatitsbest.Therearenoeasysolutionstoopera'sproblemsandtherearemanydifferentopinionsaboutthevalueofopera.However，everyyearmanyyoungpeopleregisterformusiccourseswithhopesanddreamsofdevelopingtheirtalentinthisspecialartform.Thefactthatoperahassurvivedmanyobstaclesandcontinuestoattracttherisinggenerationshowsthatitremainsarespectableartformfullofvalue.[語篇解讀]本文主要討論了歌劇所面臨的挑戰(zhàn)和困難。5．WhichofthestatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Operasingers'lifestoriesaredramatic.B．OperawillsoonappearonTVandinfilms.C．Operafansthankcelebritiesforperforming.D．Operadevelopsbyadaptingtonewconditions.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Overtheyears，ithasrespondedtovariousmusicals.”可推知，歌劇適應(yīng)新的狀況而得以發(fā)展，故選D。答案：D6．WhatcanweknowfromParagraphs2and3?A．Operasingersarefinanciallyinsecure.B．Operasingerswastetheirvaluabletalent.C．Operasingersgetpaidbeforetheshow.D．Operasingersperformbetteriftheyarepoor.解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Onecurrentchallengetooperaiseconomics.”以及第三段第一句“Notonlytheshortageofmoney，butalsothewaymoneyismanagedintheoperaworldhasledtohardships.”可知，歌劇演唱家的經(jīng)濟是有問題的，不安全的，故選A。答案：A7．WhatdoestheauthortrytosayinParagraph4?A．Popularculturehashadapositiveinfluenceonopera.B．Audiencesknowbesthowoperashouldbeperformed.C．Microphonesshouldbeusedtomakeoperamoreenjoyable.D．Operasingers'voicesshouldbevaluedmorethantheirlooks.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“Emphasizingphysicalappearanceoversingingabilitymaycauseaudiencestomissoutonthehumanvoiceatitsbest.”可知，歌劇演唱家的聲音要比外貌重要得多，故選D。答案：D8．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A．TheEconomicChallengetoOperaB．OperaFacedwiththeDifficultiesC．OperaasPartofPopularCultureD．TheHistoricalContextofOpera解析：標題歸納題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Therearenoeasysolutionstoopera'sproblemsandtherearemanydifferentopinionsaboutthevalueofopera.”并結(jié)合全文的整體內(nèi)容可知，本文主要討論的是歌劇所面臨的問題和挑戰(zhàn)，故選B。答案：BⅡ.完形填空AlbertEinstein，whowasborninGermanyin1879，isknownasoneofthegreatestscientistsintheworld.Whenhewasalittleboy，hewasslowtotalkandhad__1__learningtoread.Healwayspreferredstayingaloneandthinking__2__.Attheageof20，EinsteinstudiedattheSwissFederalUniversityofTechnologyinZurich.OnceEinsteinaskedhis__3__“Howcanaperson，__4__me，leavehisdistinctfootprintsontheroadoflifeandmakeanoutstanding__5__inthescientificfield？”Itwasa__6__problem.Thetutorsaidthathehadto__7__itcarefullyandthengavehimananswer.Afterthreedays，thetutortoldEinsteinthatthe__8__wasing！He__9__Einsteintowalktowardabuildingsiteandsetfeetonthecement(水泥)groundthattheconstructionworkershadjustpaved.Intheworkers'scolding，Einsteinwas__10__toaskhistutor，“Sir，aren'tyoumisleadingme？”“Right，exactly！”thetutorsaid.“Haveyouseenit？Onlyonthe__11__pavedroadcanyouleaveyourfootprints，whileyoucan't__12__yourfootprintsonthoseoldroadsthathavebeensteppedbycountless__13__.”Afterhearingwhathesaid，Einsteinwaslostindeepthoughtandanopenandclearway__14__inhismind.Sincethen，avery__15__senseofinnovation(創(chuàng)新)andpioneeringconsciousnessbegan__16__Einstein'sthinkingandaction.Hesaid，“Inever__17__whatdictionariesandtextbookscarry；Mymindonlyremembersthosethingsthatarenot__18__inbooks.”Itwasforsuchareason__19__Einsteinlefthisdeepsparklingfootprintsinthehistoryof__20__.[語篇解讀]本文為一篇記敘文。愛因斯坦的大學(xué)導(dǎo)師巧妙地回答了愛因斯坦一個有關(guān)人生的問題，從而使愛因斯坦找到了自己的人生之路。1．A.fun B．pleasureC．difficulty D．luck解析：根據(jù)本句中的“slowtotalk”可知他在學(xué)習(xí)讀書方面有困難。havedifficulty(in)doingsth.為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為：在做……方面有困難。答案：C2．A.proudly B．deeplyC．highly D．roughly解析：根據(jù)本句中的“preferredstayingalone”以及常識可知本題答案為deeply。答案：B3．A.assistant B．partnerC．staff D．tutor解析：根據(jù)本段最后一句中的“Thetutorsaid...”可知答案為tutor(導(dǎo)師)。assistant“助手”；partner“同伴”；staff“全體職工”。答案：D4．A.asfor B．inspiteofC．like D．except解析：一個像(like)我這樣的人如何才能在人生道路上留下清晰的足跡，在科學(xué)領(lǐng)域做出杰出的貢獻(contribution)呢？答案：C5．A.contribution B．reputationC．decision D．impression解析：解析見上句。contribution“貢獻”；reputation“名聲”；decision“決定”；impression“印象”。答案：A6．Aplex B．flexibleC．satisfying D．a(chǎn)musing解析：根據(jù)下句導(dǎo)師的話可知愛因斯坦提出的問題很難回答，故答案為plex(復(fù)雜的)。答案：A7．A.referto B．dealwithC．a(chǎn)rgueover D．thinkabout解析：學(xué)生提出一個很復(fù)雜的問題，老師要認真思索(thinkaboutitcarefully)，然后再給出答案。答案：D8．A.moment B．a(chǎn)nswerC．problem D．footprints解析：根據(jù)上段最后一句中的“ananswer”可知答案為answer。答案：B9．A.pulled B．forcedC．reminded D．a(chǎn)llowed解析：他拉著(pulled)愛因斯坦朝建筑工地走去。force“迫使”；remind“提醒”；allow“允許”。答案：A10．A.satisfied B．delightedC．confused D．concerned解析：愛因斯坦是迷惑的(confused)。satisfied“滿意的”；delighted“高興的”；concerned“擔(dān)心的”。答案：C11．A.formally B．newlyC．originally D．previously解析：根據(jù)常識可知只有新(newly)鋪的水泥路才能留下腳印。故答案為B項。答案：B12．A.measure B．remainC．leave D．remove解析：然而那些被無數(shù)人(humans)踩過的老路，你不能留下(leave)腳印。答案：C13．A.scientists B．studentsC．musicians D．humans解析：解析見上題。scientists“科學(xué)家”；students“學(xué)生”；musicians“音樂家”；humans“人”。答案：D14．A.arose B．a(chǎn)ppreciatedC．a(chǎn)bsorbed D．a(chǎn)ccumulated解析：arise意為：出現(xiàn)，符合句意。appreciate“欣賞，感激”；absorb“吸收”；accumulate“積累”。答案：A15．A.strange B．sweetC．slight D．strong解析：從此，一種強烈的(strong)創(chuàng)新和開拓意識開始主導(dǎo)著(governing)愛因斯坦的思維和行動。strange“奇怪的”；sweet“甜蜜的”；slight“輕微的”。答案：D16．A.equipping B．governingC．guarding D．questioning解析：解析見上題。equip“裝備”；govern“主導(dǎo)”；guard“保衛(wèi)”；question“問”。答案：B17．A.master B．undertakeC．u