高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河北省保定市六校聯(lián)考2024-2025學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期6月期末英語試題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatisthemangoingtodofirst?A.Feedthedog. B.Walkthedog. C.Cleanthedoghouse.【答案】C【原文】M:Beforefeedingthedog,I’mgoingtoclearupitshouse.W:It’sabouttime.Lookatthemess!Itsmellsterrible.2.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Managerandsecretary. B.Customerandclient. C.Teacherandstudent.【答案】A【原文】M:Makeonecopyofthisdocumentformeandtwentyforothermanagers.W:OK,Mr.Collins.AssoonasIsendthee-mailtotheimportantclient,Iwillgotodealwiththis.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Anoveldish. B.Arestaurant. C.Theman’sfriend.【答案】B【原文】M:Thefoodinthisrestaurantisprettygood.Andtheyalsogivethebestservice.W:That’sright.Haveyoubeenherebefore?M:No,butmyfriendBoboftencomeshere.4.Whydoesthemancallthewoman?A.Tomakeanappointment. B.Toaskforinformation. C.Tochangeaschedule.【答案】A【原文】M:I’dliketomakeanappointmenttoseeDr.OwenonTuesdaymorning.W:Buthe’snotfreethen.WhataboutWednesdayafternoonorFridaymorning?M:Ican’tcomeanyafternoon.IsupposeI’llhavetohavethemorningappointmentthen.5.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inarosegarden. B.Inabakery. C.Inaclothesstore.【答案】B【原文】W:CanIhelpyou?M:Yes,I’dliketobuyabirthdaycakeformymother.W:Wehavethreesizes,small,mediumandlargewithdifferentstyles.Whichwouldyouprefer?M:Thesizedoesn’tmatter.ButIwantsomethingspecial.Doyouhaveoneintheshapeofarose?第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.Whatdoesthewomandislikeaboutthenecklace?A.Thesize. B.Thecolor. C.Theprice.7.Whydoesthemanwanttobuyagiftforthewoman?A.Herbirthdayiscoming.B.Theyhavetoattendaparty.C.Sheisgoingtogetmarried.【答案】6.C7.A【原文】M:Oh,lookatthoseearrings,Maria.They’reperfectforyou.W:Theseredones?Redisn’tagoodcolorforme.M:No,theyellowones.W:Oh,these?Hmm,it’stoobigforme.M:Well,thatnecklacelooksnice.W:Whichone?M:Thatblueonerightthere.Howmuchisit?W:It’s$1,200.That’stooexpensive.M:Hey,letmegetitforyou.It’syourbirthdaypresent.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.Whatdidthewomanforgettodo?A.Cleantheoutsidewindows.B.Putthechickeninthefridge.C.ConnecthercomputertotheWi-Fi.9.Whichofthefollowingworkedproperlytoday?A.Thecleaner. B.Thecomputer. C.Therobot.【答案】8.B9.C【原文】W:Whataday!First,Iforgottoputthechickenintothefridge.M:Whathappened?W:IfounditwentbadwhenIpreparedformylunch.ThenItriedtousemycomputer,butIcouldn’tgetaWi-Fisignal.M:Oh,no!W:Afterthat,Itriedtousethecleaner.M:Letmeguess.Itdidn’tpickupthedirt.W:Worse!Itspreaddirtaroundtheroominsteadofpickingitup.M:Didyouhaveyourrobothelp?W:Ofcourse.Ithelpedmecleantheoutsidewindows.M:That’sreallyamazing!聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。10.Howwillthemanmostprobablygotothewoman’soffice?A.Bytaxi. B.Bycar. C.Bybus.11.Whenisthemanscheduledtomeetthewoman?A.At2:00. B.At2:30. C.At3:00.12.Whatcanwelearnabouttheman?A.Hewillbelateforthemeeting.B.Hehasnotbeentothewoman’scompany.C.Hewantsthewomantopickhimupnow.【答案】10.A11.C12.B【原文】M:Hi,Cathy.Howareyoudoing?W:I’mwell.Thanks,Paul.Howareyou?M:I’mfine.I’mjustcallingtogetsomedirectionsfromtheairportforwhenIcometomeetyounextweek.W:OK.Well...Whenyouarrive,thereisataxistandstraightoutside.Itisprobablyyourbestchoiceintermsofgettingtomyofficefromtheairport.Thereisabusaswellwhichcostsyouonly$5.M:OK.Butyou’drecommendataxi,wouldyou?W:Yeah.M:OK.Andhowmuchdoyouthinkthatwouldcost?W:About$20.Anditshouldtakeyoumorethan30minutestogettotheoffice.M:SoIwillhaveplentyoftimetomakeourthreeo’clockmeeting,then.W:Oh,yes.M:Great!Thanksverymuch.Bye!W:Noworries.Lookforwardtoseeingyou.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。13.WhowillthemanmeetonWednesday?A.TanyaDolan. B.Thewoman. C.SueRedman.14.HowlongwillthemanstayinParis?A.Fortwonights. B.Forfourdays. C.Foraweek.15.WhenwillthemanleaveLondonforhome?A.OnMonday. B.OnSaturday. C.OnSunday.16.WhyisthemangoingtoChicago?A.Tochangeaflight. B.Totakeavacation. C.Tohaveabusinessmeeting.【答案】13.C14.A15.B16.A【原文】W:WhenareyougoingtoEurope?Nextweek?M:Yes.I’mleavingLosAngelesonMonday.ThenI’llworkwithTanyaDolanintheLondonofficethenextday.I’mmeetingmymanagerSueRedmanonWednesday,andthenI’mgoingtoParis.W:Really?WhyareyougoingtoParis?Onbusiness?M:No.I’mtakingabreak.I’mhavingtwodaysoff.W:Goodidea.So,howareyoutravelingtoParis?Areyoudriving?M:No,I’mtakingatrain.W:Oh,right.M:ThenI’mstayinginParisfortwonights.W:Great.SohowwillyougobacktoLAfromParis?M:I’mgoingbacktoLondononthetrainfirst.ThenI’mflyinghomeonSaturdayafternoon.W:OK.M:I’marrivinginLAatmidnight.W:Soisitanon-stopflightbetweenLAandLondon?M:No,I’mnotflyingdirect.I’mbywayofLA,NewYork,andLondon.Then,ontheflighthome,I’mchanginginChicago.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。17.Whatdidthemanstudyinuniversity?A.Medicine. B.Economics. C.Law.18.WhatdidthemandoinSouthAmerica?A.Heplantedapples. B.Hegrewcocoabeans. C.Hestudiedgrapes.19.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutmakingchocolate?A.Unprofitable. B.Challenging. C.Boring.20.Whatiskeytotheman’sfinalsuccess?A.Tryingtotestvariousfruits.B.Selectinghigh-qualitymaterials.C.Keepingadiaryofhisexperiments.【答案】17.C18.B19.B20.C【原文】M:Hi,myname’sSamContiandmyjobismakingandsellingchocolate.PeopleoftenaskhowIgotintothisbusiness.Well,myparentswantedmetostudymedicineoreconomicsatuniversity,butatthetimeIthoughtlawmightopenmoredoors,sothat’swhatIdid.Butlifedoesn’talwaysworkoutthewayyouplanit.Aftercollege,IspentoneyearinSouthAmerica,whereIfellinlovewithgrowingcocoabeans.Itisnotaneasyjob,becausecocoabeanscanbeeasilyaffectedbyweather—muchmorethanotherfruitlikeapplesorbananas.Infact,thebeansaremorelikegrapes,soeachyear’scropisofadifferentquality.WhenIcamehome,Idecidedtoopenasmallshopmakingandsellingmyownchocolate.ThatwashardworkIcantellyou,becausesomuchcangowrongwithchocolate.Thehardestbitismeltingitintherightway,butcoolingitcorrectlyisn’teasyeither.Tolearnthetrade,IsetabouttestingallthechocolateIcouldfind.AnotherthingIliketodoiswriteupmyexperiments.Ikeepadiaryforthis.It’sthekeytomysuccess.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AHerewewilltakealookatsomeofthemostfamousartistsintheWest.JohannesVermeerKnownas?“MasterofLight”duetothewayhecaptured(捕捉)hownaturallightdancedontheskinandsurfacesofotherobjects,JohannesVermeer(1632-1675)wasdevotedtoexploringtheeverydaymomentsofthe17thcenturyDutchGoldenAge.GirlwithaPearlEarring(1665)isagoodexampleofthistradition.Althoughhewasarelativelysuccessfulpainterduringhislifetime,thereareonly34paintingsbelongingtohimintheworldtoday.RaphaelSanzioTheSchoolofAthens(1509-1511)isoneofthefourwallpaintingsbyItalianartistRaphaelSanzio(1483-1520)inapalacecalledtheStanzadellaSegnatura.Itisconsideredamasterpiecethatcelebratesphilosophyandclassicalthought,asitfeaturesgreatGreekmindslikeAristotle,Plato,andPtolemy.Theotherthreewallpaintingsshowtheothermainbranchesofknowledge,whichincludepoetry,religion,andlaw.MichelangeloBuonarrotiBeforeMichelangeloBuonarroti(1475-1564)startedtopainttheSistineChapelceiling,heonlyfinishedonepainting,TheDoniTondo(1506),whichcelebratesthemarriageofAgnoloDoni.ThebrightcolorsandsculpturalmodelingofthefiguresaretypicaloftheItalianartist’spaintingstyle.HenriMatisseConsideredthegreatestcoloristofthe20thcenturyandarevolutionaryartistwhohelpeddefinemodernart,FrenchartistHenriMatisse(1869-1954)firstemergedasaPost-Impressionist.Then.in1904,heledtheFauvismmovement.whichisFrenchfor?“wildbeasts”.Theartistsofthismovementfavoredbrightcolorsandexpressivebrushstrokesoverrealism.21.Whosepaintingsarebest-knownforshowingtheeffectofnaturallight?A.HenriMatisse’s. B.JohannesVermeer’s.C.RaphaelSanzio’s. D.MichelangeloBuonarroti’s.22.WhatisTheSchoolofAthensabout?A.Poetry. B.Religion.C.Philosophy. D.Literature.23.Whatdothelasttwoartistshaveincommon?A.Theypreferredbrightcolors. B.Theyenjoyedpaintingsimilarsubjects.C.Theycamefromthesamecountry. D.Theyarewell-knownPost-Impressionists.【答案】21.B22.C23.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了西方四位著名藝術(shù)家及其代表作品的相關(guān)信息?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)JohannesVermeer部分中“Knownas?‘MasterofLight’duetothewayhecaptured(捕捉)hownaturallightdancedontheskinandsurfacesofotherobjects,JohannesVermeer(1632-1675)wasdevotedtoexploringtheeverydaymomentsofthe17thcenturyDutchGoldenAge.(由于他捕捉自然光如何在皮膚和其他物體表面舞動的方式，JohannesVermeer(1632-1675)被稱為‘光的大師’，他致力于探索17世紀(jì)荷蘭黃金時代的日常瞬間)”可知，JohannesVermeer的畫作以展現(xiàn)自然光的效果而聞名。故選B項?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)RaphaelSanzio部分中“TheSchoolofAthens(1509-1511)isoneofthefourwallpaintingsbyItalianartistRaphaelSanzio(1483-1520)inapalacecalledtheStanzadellaSegnatura.Itisconsideredamasterpiecethatcelebratesphilosophyandclassicalthought,asitfeaturesgreatGreekmindslikeAristotle,Plato,andPtolemy.(《雅典學(xué)院》(1509-1511)是意大利藝術(shù)家RaphaelSanzio(1483-1520)在一座名為簽字廳的宮殿里的四幅壁畫之一。它被認(rèn)為是頌揚哲學(xué)和古典思想的杰作，因為它描繪了像亞里士多德、柏拉圖和托勒密這樣偉大的希臘思想家)”可知，《雅典學(xué)院》是關(guān)于哲學(xué)的。故選C項?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MichelangeloBuonarroti部分中“ThebrightcolorsandsculpturalmodelingofthefiguresaretypicaloftheItalianartist’spaintingstyle.(人物明亮的色彩和雕塑般的造型是這位意大利藝術(shù)家繪畫風(fēng)格的典型特征)”和HenriMatisse部分中“Theartistsofthismovementfavoredbrightcolorsandexpressivebrushstrokesoverrealism.(這場運動的藝術(shù)家們更喜歡明亮的色彩和富有表現(xiàn)力的筆觸，而不是現(xiàn)實主義)”可知，MichelangeloBuonarroti和HenriMatisse這兩位藝術(shù)家的共同之處是他們都喜歡明亮的顏色。故選A項。BInrecentyears,therehasbeenanoticeablechangeintheattitudetowardsanimalwelfarehereinthePhilippines,amovementthatIhopewillleadtolasting,systemicchange.AmongthemanyinspiringandpioneeringanimalwelfareadvocatesdoingthegoodworkhereinthecountryisRinaOrtiz,founderofBiyayaAnimalCare,whohasastrongunderstandingofthepopularlandscapehereinthecountry.Whileotheranimalwelfareprogramsaredependentonlyondonorfundingorgovernmentsupport,BiyayaAnimalCareservesasamodelonsustainableanimalwelfareadvocacy—operatingapetclinicandusingearningstosupportoverathousandpetshousedinananimalshelterinAlfonso,Cavite.This,ofcourse,wasmadepossiblebecauseOrtizunderstandsthechallengescausedbylimitedresources—bothfromthegovernmentandtheprivatesector—insupportinganimalwelfare,promptinghertofindsustainablesolutionstosupportthisimportantcause.TheBiyayaAnimalCaremodelprovestheimportanceofadaptabilityandresourcefulness.Throughaself-sustainingmechanism,BiyayaAnimalCareshowsthatanimalwelfaredoesn’thavetobeazero-sumgamebutratheracooperationwheretheprivatesectorcanplayamoreactiveroleinpushingforthecause.IshareOrtiz’spassionforsustainableanimalwelfareadvocacy;whichiswhyIintroducedthecausetomyownworkplace,Meralco,andwentastepfurtherbyinstitutionalizingit.ThroughMeralco,employeesareabletocontributetoeffortstoaddresstheoverpopulationproblemofhomelesscatswithneutering(絕育)programs..Bydoingso,italsocontributestoimprovingpublichealthconditionssincecontrollingthegrowthofthehomelessanimalpopulationthroughneuteringhelpsminimizetheriskofrabies(狂犬病).Thusthatwouldnotonlybenefitanimalsbutalsocontributetotheimprovementofcommunitylife,publichealthandsafety.24.HowdoesBiyayaAnimalCaresupportanimalrescues?A.Byaskingforgovernmentfunding.B.Byfullrelianceonpublicdonations.C.Withthehelpofotherwelfareprograms.D.Throughoperatingapetclinicandusingitsprofits.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“prompting”inparagraph4mean:A.Inspiring. B.Inviting. C.Promising. D.Helping.26.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsRinaOrtiz’sbusinessmodel?A.Critical. B.Doubtful. C.Supportive. D.indifferent.27.WhatcanbeinferredaboutanimalwelfareinthePhilippines?A.People’sconcernisdecreasing.B.Positivechangesaretakingplace.C.Resourcesareplentifulforrelatedwork.D.Theprivatebusinessplaystheleadingrole.【答案】24.D25.A26.C27.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了菲律賓動物福利方面態(tài)度出現(xiàn)積極轉(zhuǎn)變，重點敘述了“比雅亞動物關(guān)愛”組織為可持續(xù)動物福利倡導(dǎo)樹立典范的模式及其運作方式?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Whileotheranimalwelfareprogramsaredependentonlyondonorfundingorgovernmentsupport,BiyayaAnimalCareservesasamodelonsustainableanimalwelfareadvocacy—operatingapetclinicandusingearningstosupportoverathousandpetshousedinananimalshelterinAlfonso,Cavite.(當(dāng)其他動物福利項目只依賴于捐贈資金或政府支持時，Biyaya動物護理是可持續(xù)動物福利倡導(dǎo)的典范——經(jīng)營一家寵物診所，并利用收入支持住在CaviteAlfonso動物收容所的1000多只寵物)”可知，BiyayaAnimalCare通過運營寵物診所，利用所得收益來支持動物救助。故選D?！?5題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段“This,ofcourse,wasmadepossiblebecauseOrtizunderstandsthechallengescausedbylimitedresources—bothfromthegovernmentandtheprivatesector—insupportinganimalwelfare,promptinghertofindsustainablesolutionstosupportthisimportantcause.(當(dāng)然，這一切之所以成為可能，是因為奧爾蒂斯明白，在支持動物福利方面，政府和私營部門的資源有限所帶來的挑戰(zhàn)，……她尋找可持續(xù)的解決方案來支持這一重要事業(yè))”可知，奧爾蒂斯明白資源有限帶來的挑戰(zhàn)，這促使她去尋找可持續(xù)的解決辦法來支持這項重要事業(yè)?？芍?，prompting在此語境中有“推動、促使某人去做某事”的意思，與Inspiring意思相近。故選A。【26題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“IshareOrtiz’spassionforsustainableanimalwelfareadvocacy;whichiswhyIintroducedthecausetomyownworkplace,Meralco,andwentastepfurtherbyinstitutionalizingit.(我和奧爾蒂斯一樣熱衷于倡導(dǎo)可持續(xù)的動物福利；這就是為什么我把這項事業(yè)介紹給我自己的工作場所，Meralco，并進(jìn)一步將其制度化)”可知，作者不僅贊同RinaOrtiz的經(jīng)營模式，還將其引人到自己的工作場所并制度化，說明作者對Ortiz的經(jīng)營模式持支持態(tài)度。故選C?！?7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文，尤其是首段“Inrecentyears,therehasbeenanoticeablechangeintheattitudetowardsanimalwelfarehereinthePhilippines,amovementthatIhopewillleadtolasting,systemicchange.(近年來，菲律賓對動物福利的態(tài)度有了明顯的變化，我希望這一運動將帶來持久的、系統(tǒng)性的變化)”可推斷，菲律賓動物福利方面態(tài)度有明顯轉(zhuǎn)變，暗示積極的改變正在發(fā)生。故選B。CNewCurtinUniversity-ledresearchhasuncoveredwhatmaybetheoldestdirect.evidenceofancienthotwateractivityonMars,showingtheplanetmayhavebeenhabitableatsomepointinitspast.Thestudyanalyzeda4.45billion-year-oldzircon(鋯石)grainfromthefamousMartianmeteorite(隕石)NWA7034,alsoknownasBlackBeauty,andfoundgeochemical“fingerprints”ofwater-richliquids.Studyco-authorDrAaronCavosiefromCurtin’sSchoolofEarthandPlanetarySciencessaidthediscoveryopenedupnewapproachesforunderstandingancientMartianoverheated-liquidsystemsassociatedwithmagmatism(巖漿),aswellastheplanet’spasthabitability.“Weusednano-scale(納米級)geochemistrytodetectelementalevidenceofhotwateronMars4.45billionyearsago,”DrCavosiesaid.“Overheated-liquidsystemswereessentialforthedevelopmentoflifeonEarthandourfindingssuggestMarsalsohadwater,akeyfactorforhabitableenvironments,duringtheearliesthistoryofsurfaceformation.”Throughnano-scaleimaging,theteamidentifiedelementpatternsinthisuniquezircon,includingiron,aluminum,yttriumandsodium.Theseelementswereaddedasthezirconformed4.45billionyearsago,suggestingwaterwaspresentduringearlyMartianmagmaticactivity.DrCavosiesaidtheresearchshowedthateventhoughMars’surfacesufferedmassivemeteoritestrikesthatcausedmajorsurfacechange,waterwaspresentduringtheearlyPre-Noachianperiod,priortoabout4.1billionyearsago.“A2022Curtinstudyofthesamezircongrainfoundithadbeen‘shocked’byameteoritestrike,markingitasthefirstandonlyknownshockedzirconfromMars,”DrCavosiesaid.“ThisnewstudytakesusastepfurtherinunderstandingearlyMars,bywayofidentifyingtell-talesignsofwater-richliquidsfromwhenthegrainformed,providinggeochemicalmarkersofwaterintheoldestknownMartiansurface.”28.Howdoestheauthormainlypresenttheresearchfindingsinthetext?A.BycomparingMarswithEarth. B.Bygivingexamplesandexplanations.C.Byquotingthewordsoftheresearchers. D.Bylistingaseriesofscientificexperiments.29.Whatdidthenano-scaleimagingfindinthezircon?A.Ancientlifeforms. B.Hotwater’slocation.C.Mars’formationtime. D.Specificelementpatterns.30.WhatcanwelearnaboutMarsfromtheresearch?A.Itssurfacehasneverchanged. B.Ithasalwaysbeenuninhabitable.C.Itmighthavebeenlife-friendlyearly. D.Wateronlyexistedonitbefore4.45billionyearsago.31.Wherecanthetextbefound?A.Inasciencemagazine. B.Inanovel.C.Inatouristguidebook. D.Inahistorybook.【答案】28.C29.D30.C31.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了科廷大學(xué)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一項新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，火星上可能存在最古老的熱水活動直接證據(jù)，這表明火星在過去某個時期可能適宜居住。介紹了研究開展的經(jīng)過以及意義?！?8題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Studyco-authorDrAaronCavosiefromCurtin’sSchoolofEarthandPlanetarySciencessaidthediscoveryopenedupnewapproachesforunderstandingancientMartianoverheated-liquidsystemsassociatedwithmagmatism(巖漿),aswellastheplanet’spasthabitability.(來自科廷大學(xué)地球與行星科學(xué)學(xué)院的研究合著者亞倫·卡沃西博士說，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)為理解與巖漿活動有關(guān)的古代火星過熱液體系統(tǒng)以及火星過去的可居住性開辟了新的途徑)”；第四段““Overheated-liquidsystemswereessentialforthedevelopmentoflifeonEarthandourfindingssuggestMarsalsohadwater,akeyfactorforhabitableenvironments,duringtheearliesthistoryofsurfaceformation.”(“過熱的液體系統(tǒng)對地球上生命的發(fā)展至關(guān)重要，我們的發(fā)現(xiàn)表明，在火星表面形成的早期歷史中，火星也有水，這是適宜居住環(huán)境的關(guān)鍵因素。”)”以及第五段“DrCavosiesaidtheresearchshowedthateventhoughMars’surfacesufferedmassivemeteoritestrikesthatcausedmajorsurfacechange,waterwaspresentduringtheearlyPre-Noachianperiod,priortoabout4.1billionyearsago.(卡沃西博士說，這項研究表明，盡管火星表面遭受了大規(guī)模的隕石撞擊，導(dǎo)致火星表面發(fā)生了重大變化，但在約41億年前的前諾亞亞早期，水就已經(jīng)存在了)”可知，作者在文章中主要通過引用研究人員的話來呈現(xiàn)研究成果。故選C?！?9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Throughnano-scaleimaging,theteamidentifiedelementpatternsinthisuniquezircon,includingiron,aluminum,yttriumandsodium.(通過納米級成像，研究小組確定了這種獨特鋯石中的元素模式，包括鐵、鋁、釔和鈉)”可知，納米級成像在鋯石中發(fā)現(xiàn)了特定的元素模式。故選D。【30題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Overheated-liquidsystemswereessentialforthedevelopmentoflifeonEarthandourfindingssuggestMarsalsohadwater,akeyfactorforhabitableenvironments,duringtheearliesthistoryofsurfaceformation.(過熱的液體系統(tǒng)對地球上生命的發(fā)展至關(guān)重要，我們的發(fā)現(xiàn)表明，在火星表面形成的早期歷史中，火星也有水，這是適宜居住環(huán)境的關(guān)鍵因素)”可知，火星早期可能是對生命有益的。故選C?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“NewCurtinUniversity-ledresearchhasuncoveredwhatmaybetheoldestdirect.evidenceofancienthotwateractivityonMars,showingtheplanetmayhavebeenhabitableatsomepointinitspast.(新科廷大學(xué)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了可能是最古老的直接。火星上古代熱水活動的證據(jù)，表明火星在過去的某個時候可能適合居住)”結(jié)合文章主要講述了科廷大學(xué)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一項新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，火星上可能存在最古老的熱水活動直接證據(jù)，這表明火星在過去某個時期可能適宜居住。介紹了研究開展的經(jīng)過以及意義?？芍?，文章選自科學(xué)雜志。故選A。DAsweage,ourcognitiveandmotor(運動)functionsworsen,whichinturnaffectsourindependenceandoverallqualityoflife.Toimproveorevenremovethiscondition,researchhasgivenrisetomanypromisingtechnologies.Amongtheseisnon-invasive(無創(chuàng)的)brainstimulation:atermcoveringasetoftechniquesthatcanaffectbrainfunctionsnon-invasivelyfromtheoutside,withouttheneedforsurgery.Onesuchpromisingtechnique,inparticular,isanodaltranscranialdirectcurrentstimulation(atDCS).Now,scientistshaveidentifiedanimportantfactoraffectinganindividual’sresponsivenesstoatDCS.Theteamlookedathownativelearningabilitiesdeterminetheeffectofbrainstimulationappliedwhilelearningamotortask.Theirfindingssuggestthatindividualswithlessefficientlearningmechanismsbenefitmorefromstimulation,whilethosewithoptimal(最優(yōu)的)learningstrategiesmightexperiencenegativeeffects.Theresearchersemployed40participants:20middle-agedadults(50—65yearsold)and20olderadults(over65).EachgroupwasfurtherdividedintothosereceivingactiveatDCSandthosereceivingplacebo(安慰劑)stimulation.Overtendays,participantspracticedafinger-tappingtaskdesignedtostudymotorlistlearningathomewhilereceivingatDCS.Thetaskinvolvedcopyinganumericallistusingakeyboard,tryingtobeasfastandasaccurateaspossible.Theteamthenusedamachine-learningmodeltoclassifyparticipantsaseither“optimal”or“sub-optimal”learners,basedontheirfirstperformance.Thestudyfoundthatsub-optimallearners,whowereseeminglylessefficientatcompletingthetaskattheearlystagesoflearning,experiencedaquickaccuracyimprovementwhileperformingthetaskwhenreceivingatDCS.Thiseffectwasnotlimitedtopeopleofacertainage,withsub-optimallearnersbeingfoundamongyoungerindividualsaswell.Incontrast,participantswithoptimallearningstrategies,regardlessofage,evenshowedanegativetendencyinperformancewhenreceivingatDCS.Thisdifferencesuggeststhatbrainstimulationismorebeneficialforindividualswhofirstlystrugglewithmotortasks.Assuch,atDCSseemstopossessarestorativeratherthanastrengtheningquality,withimportantsignificanceforrecovery.32.WhatisatDCS?A.Atechniqueonlyforolderadults.B.Awaytotransfersomethingintothebrain.C.Anon-invasivebrainstimulationtechnique.D.Asurgicalmethodtoimprovecognitivefunctions.33.WhatcanweconcludefromthestudyaboutatDCS?A.Itisonlyusefulforolderadultsinimprovingmotortasks.B.Ithasdifferenteffectsonpeoplewithdifferentlearningstrategies.C.Ithasnosignificanteffectsontheperformanceofanyparticipants.D.Ithasapositiveeffectontheparticipantswhoaregoodatlogicalthinking.34.What’sthemainideaofparagraph4?A.Theresultoftheexperimentondifferentagegroups.B.Thewaytoclassifyparticipantsasdifferentlearners.C.Theimportanceofthefinger-tappingtaskinthestudy.D.Theintroductionoftheparticipantsandtheexperimentalprocess.35.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheInfluenceofLearningAbilitiesontheEffectofatDCSB.TheImportanceofMotorTasksinCognitiveImprovementC.TheDevelopmentofNon-invasiveBrainStimulationTechnologiesD.AComparativeStudyofMotorTaskCompletioninDifferentAgeGroups【答案】32.C33.B34.D35.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了陽極經(jīng)顱直流電刺激(atDCS)的作用機制及其對不同學(xué)習(xí)能力人群的影響，揭示了該技術(shù)的恢復(fù)性而非增強性特點?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Amongtheseisnon-invasive(無創(chuàng)的)brainstimulation:atermcoveringasetoftechniquesthatcanaffectbrainfunctionsnon-invasivelyfromtheoutside,withouttheneedforsurgery.Onesuchpromisingtechnique,inparticular,isanodaltranscranialdirectcurrentstimulation(atDCS).(其中有一種技術(shù)稱為無創(chuàng)腦刺激：這是一種涵蓋了一系列技術(shù)的術(shù)語，這些技術(shù)可以從外部以非侵入的方式影響大腦功能，無需進(jìn)行手術(shù)。特別是，有一種非常有前景的技術(shù)叫做陽極經(jīng)顱直流電刺激(atDCS))”可知，atDCS是一種無創(chuàng)腦刺激技術(shù)。故選C。【33題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Theirfindingssuggestthatindividualswithlessefficientlearningmechanismsbenefitmorefromstimulation,whilethosewithoptimal(最優(yōu)的)learningstrategiesmightexperiencenegativeeffects.(他們的研究結(jié)果表明，學(xué)習(xí)機制效率較低的個體從刺激中獲益更多，而那些擁有最優(yōu)學(xué)習(xí)策略的人可能會經(jīng)歷負(fù)面效果)”可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)atDCS對不同學(xué)習(xí)策略的人群有不同的效果：學(xué)習(xí)機制效率較低的人受益更多，而擁有最優(yōu)學(xué)習(xí)策略的人可能會受到負(fù)面影響。這說明atDCS對不同學(xué)習(xí)策略的人有不同的影響。故選B?！?4題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段開頭“Theresearchersemployed40participants:20middle-agedadults(50—65yearsold)and20olderadults(over65).(研究人員招募了40名參與者：20名中年人(50至65歲)和20名老年人(65歲以上))”介紹了實驗參與者的情況，后面“EachgroupwasfurtherdividedintothosereceivingactiveatDCSandthosereceivingplacebo(安慰劑)stimulation.Overtendays,participantspracticedafinger-tappingtaskdesignedtostudymotorlistlearningathomewhilereceivingatDCS.Thetaskinvolvedcopyinganumericallistusingakeyboard,tryingtobeasfastandasaccurateaspossible.Theteamthenusedamachine-learningmodeltoclassifyparticipantsaseither“optimal”or“sub-optimal”learners,basedontheirfirstperformance.(每個小組進(jìn)一步分為兩組：一組接受活躍的陽極經(jīng)顱直流電刺激(atDCS)，另一組接受安慰劑刺激。在十天的時間里，參與者在家中接受陽極經(jīng)顱直流電刺激的同時，練習(xí)一項旨在研究運動序列學(xué)習(xí)的敲擊手指任務(wù)。該任務(wù)要求參與者使用鍵盤復(fù)制一個數(shù)字列表，并盡量做到又快又準(zhǔn)確。隨后，研究團隊根據(jù)參與者的初次表現(xiàn)，利用機器學(xué)習(xí)模型將他們分類為“最優(yōu)學(xué)習(xí)者”或“次優(yōu)學(xué)習(xí)者”)”介紹了實驗的具體過程，包括分組、任務(wù)以及對參與者的分類方式等。所以第四段主要是對參與者和實驗過程的介紹。故選D?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，并結(jié)合第三段中“Theirfindingssuggestthatindividualswithlessefficientlearningmechanismsbenefitmorefromstimulation,whilethosewithoptimal(最優(yōu)的)learningstrategiesmightexperiencenegativeeffects.(他們的研究結(jié)果表明，學(xué)習(xí)機制效率較低的個體從刺激中獲益更多，而那些擁有最優(yōu)學(xué)習(xí)策略的人可能會經(jīng)歷負(fù)面效果)”可知，文章開篇引出無創(chuàng)大腦刺激技術(shù)atDCS，接著重點闡述了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)個體的先天學(xué)習(xí)能力會影響對atDCS的反應(yīng)，后面通過實驗進(jìn)一步說明了不同學(xué)習(xí)策略的人對atDCS有不同反應(yīng)。因此，選項A“學(xué)習(xí)能力對atDCS效果的影響”最能概括文章的主旨。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。HowtoOvercomeProcrastination(拖延)Procrastination,whichiswhenyouputofftasksthatyoushouldbefocusingon,canstopeventhemostpromisingcareerinitstracks.Itcanreducethequalityofyourwork,leadyoutomissdeadlines,causeotherstoavoidworkingwithyou,andcanevendamageyourreputation.____36____First,it’simportanttorecognizewhenyou’reprocrastinating.____37____Perhapsyousitdowntoworkonahigh-priorityproject,andthenimmediatelytakeacoffeebreak.Ormaybeyouwaitaroundtobeintherightmoodtogetstartedonsomething.Everyone’sdifferent,sopayattentiontowhenyouputoffataskorproject.____38____Areyouoverwhelmed(被壓倒的)bythetask?Areyousodisorganizedthatyoujustdon’twanttogetstarted?Or,areyouaperfectionistwhothinksyoudon’thaveenoughknowledgeorskillstobegin?Onceyouunderstandwhyyou’reprocrastinating,comeupwithsomestrategiestoovercomeit.____39____Ifyou’reprocrastinatingbecauseofdisorganization,taketimetoprioritizeyourto-dolistandthenfocusononetaskatatime.Orifyou’reprocrastinatingbecauseofperfectionism,askyourselfhowperfecttheworkactuallyhastobe.Anddon’tforgettoreward(獎勵)yourself.Forexample,haveacoffeeonceyou’vecompletedataskthatyou’vebeenputtingoff.____40____Remember,itcantakeawhiletoovercomeabadhabitandestablishanewroutine,sodon’tgiveup.A.It’sacommonproblem,whichcancausemanyissues.B.Thenextstepistothinkaboutwhyyou’reprocrastinating.C.Thegoodnewsis:there’salotyoucandotoovercomethis