高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1甘肅省天水市甘谷縣2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第四次月考英語模擬試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AConnectingauthorswithaudiencesandhelpingreadersdiscovernewbooks,independentbookstorescontributegreatlytotheliteracyandcultureoftheUnitedStates.TheHauntedBookShopinMobile,AlabamaLocatedinthecharmingdowntownareaofMobile,Alabama,itisaheavenforwritersinanotherwayaswell.IthasaWriter’sRoomwherelocalauthorscanscheduletimetowriteinacoolenvironmentwitheasyaccesstoreferencebooks.Ithyper-categorizesitsfictionsothatit’seasytofindexactlywhatyou’relookingfor.Beyondbooks,afriendlycatusuallygreetscustomersatthedoor.Bart’sBooksinOjai,CaliforniaItoccupiesbookshelveswhichexpandontothegroundssurroundingtheshop.TheoutdoorshelvesweredesignedtoappearlikeParisianbooksellersalongtheSeine.ThenaturalisticsettingrepresentstheloveofnaturethatdrawsmanypeopletotheOjaiValley,anditisproudofbeingtheworld’sbiggestoutdoorbookstore.Ithasawidevarietyofbooksinitscollectionofover130,000newandusedbooks.LittleShopofStoriesinDecatur,GeorgiaItisabelovedbookstoreinhistoricDecaturSquareinDecatur,Georgia.Specializinginfindingtheperfectbooksforchildren,peoplewanteveryyoungreaderwhowalksintotheshoptoseethemselvesreflectedinthebooksontheshelves.Kidshaveevenmoreopportunitiestohavefun,thankstobook-themedsummercamps,asummerreadingprogram.Page&PaletteinFairhope,AlabamaItisastriking,memorablebookshopinFairhope,apeacefulcommunityinAlabama.Ithasbeenanindependent,family-ownedbookshopforthreegenerationsandhasbeenconsideredalocallandmarkfordecades.Theyhosteventsforbothnationallyknownauthorsandlocalup-and-comers.Kidswilldelightinstuffedanimalsandtoysinadditiontochildren’sbooks.21.WhatmakesTheHauntedBookShopdifferentfromothershops?A.Itsreadingprogram. B.Itswritingworkshop.C.Itsabundantcollection. D.Itsoutdoorbookshelves.22.WhoismorelikelytovisitBart’sBooks?A.Abookloverfondofcats. B.Anauthorexpertinhistory.C.Ateenagertiredofcityandnoises. D.Anamateurenthusiasticaboutwriting.23.WhatdoLittleShopofStoriesandPage&Palettehaveincommon?A.Theyappealtochildren. B.Theybecomelandmarks.C.Theyhavealonghistory. D.Theyholdsummercamps.【答案】21.B22.C23.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了美國的四家獨(dú)立書店，以及它們各自的特色?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheHauntedBookShopinMobile,Alabama部分的“IthasaWriter’sRoomwherelocalauthorscanscheduletimetowriteinacoolenvironmentwitheasyaccesstoreferencebooks.（它有一間作家室，當(dāng)?shù)刈骷铱梢栽谀抢锇才艜r(shí)間，在涼爽的環(huán)境中寫作，方便查閱參考書）”對比其他三個(gè)獨(dú)立書店可知，只有HauntedBookShop有作家室，因此這是它不同于其他三個(gè)書店的地方。故選B?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)Bart’sBooksinOjai,California部分的“TheoutdoorshelvesweredesignedtoappearlikeParisianbooksellersalongtheSeine.ThenaturalisticsettingrepresentstheloveofnaturethatdrawsmanypeopletotheOjaiValley,anditisproudofbeingtheworld’sbiggestoutdoorbookstore.（戶外書架被設(shè)計(jì)成像巴黎塞納河邊的書商。自然主義的環(huán)境代表了對自然的熱愛，這吸引了很多人來到歐康山谷，它為成為世界上最大的戶外書店而自豪）”可知，該書店的環(huán)境優(yōu)雅。由此推知，一個(gè)厭倦城市和噪音的青少年更有可能到這家書店。故選C?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)LittleShopofStoriesinDecatur,Georgia部分的“Kidshaveevenmoreopportunitiestohavefun,thankstobook-themedsummercamps,asummerreadingprogram.（多虧了以書籍為主題的夏令營——一個(gè)暑期閱讀項(xiàng)目，孩子們有更多的機(jī)會(huì)玩得開心）”和Page&PaletteinFairhope,Alabama部分的“Kidswilldelightinstuffedanimalsandtoysinadditiontochildren’sbooks.（除了兒童讀物，孩子們還會(huì)喜歡毛絨玩具和玩具）”可知，這兩家書店的共同之處是對小孩子有吸引力。故選A。BInMarch,5-year-oldWynnRadkeofMinnesotacamehomefrompreschoolwithnoideathatshewouldn’treturnformonthsbecauseofCOVID-19.Oncetherealizationandboredomsetin,hermomColleenchallengedhertothinkofagoaltoworktowardthatinvolvedanoutdooractivity.Wynnwastednotimeandshouted,“67waterfalls!”Whilethenumberwasrandom,hermomlovedtheideasomuchthatsheagreedtohelpthelittleoneonherquest.Thelovelypair’sfirstadventuretookplaceonMarch28,2020atFairyFalls,anditwasamazing!Fromthere,theycontinuedhikingtodifferentwaterfalls,documentingtheirprogressastheyinchedcloserandclosertotheirgoal.BothColleenandWynntooktheirquestseriously.Infact,theytraveledalloverMinnesotaandintoWisconsintotrackdownnewlocations,evencampingovernighttoreachsomeplaces.Originally,ColleensaidthechallengewassimplyawaytogetWynnoutsideinsteadofjustwatchingYouTubeallday.Butitendedupbeingsomethingtherapeuticforthemtododuringthestruggles2020hasbroughttotheirfamily.BetweenWynnmissingherfriendsandColleenlosingherjob,thewaterfallvisitshavehelpedalot.“Ithinkitkeptbothofourmindsoffit,”Colleenadded.“Shecouldfeelmystressduringeverything.Ialsothinkthatithelpedprotectherfromallthecrazinessgoingon.Inaddition,itwasjustareallyfuntimeforthetwoofustobondandgrowandhealtogether.”IttookWynnandColleenfivemonths,buttheyfinallyreachedWinnewissaFalls—their67thwaterfall—inAugust.Uponreachinghergoal,Wynnannounced,“Ididit!”Andshewasn’ttheonlyonewhowasdelirious.Whenshereturnedtoschool,herfriendsandteacherswelcomedherwithcelebratoryballoons.Forherwonderfulmom,theadventurewaslessaboutthemilestonesandmoreaboutthetimetheyspenttogether.“Wehadsomuchfundoingus,beingus,andcamping,”shesaid.24.WhydidWynnandColleendecidetohavetheadventure?A.Todosomethingmeaningful.B.Toeasetheburdenofschoolwork.C.Tocompletetheschoolassignments.D.ToavoidgettinginfectedwithCOVID-19.25.WhatdoweknowaboutWynnandColleenduringtheiradventure?A.Theynearlygaveuptheirplan.B.Theysharedtheirprogresswiththeirfriends.C.Theytalkedabouttheirworriesandproblems.D.Theychallengedthelimitsoftheirphysicalabilities.26.WhatdidthisjourneyreallymeantoColleen?A.Itbroughtthejoyofsuccess.B.Itwasamilestoneinherlife.C.Itwasarealtestofwillpower.D.ItdeepenedherrelationshipwithWynn.27.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“delirious”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Exhausted. B.Brave.C.Excited. D.Depressed.【答案】24.A25.D26.D27.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。去年三月，明尼蘇達(dá)州的5歲女孩WynnRadke因?yàn)楣跔畈《疽咔槎W(xué)。她的媽媽讓她想出一個(gè)目標(biāo)，并朝著這個(gè)目標(biāo)努力，Wynn要去探尋67個(gè)瀑布，媽媽表示贊同，并幫助她完成了這一目標(biāo)。【24題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的第二句“Oncetherealizationandboredomsetin,hermomColleenchallengedhertothinkofagoaltoworktowardthatinvolvedanoutdooractivity.(一旦意識到這一點(diǎn)并感到無聊，她的媽媽科琳就向她提出挑戰(zhàn)，要求她想出一個(gè)涉及戶外活動(dòng)的目標(biāo))”和第二段的最后一句“Originally,ColleensaidthechallengewassimplyawaytogetWynnoutsideinsteadofjustwatchingYouTubeallday.(科琳最初表示，這項(xiàng)挑戰(zhàn)只是讓韋恩出去走走，而不是整天看YouTube)”可知，Wynn因?yàn)楣跔畈《疽咔槎W(xué)，她的媽媽不想讓她整天待在家里看視頻，于是讓W(xué)ynn設(shè)定目標(biāo)，并與她一起完成，也就是她媽媽想讓她做一些有意義的事。故選A。【25題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的倒數(shù)第二句“Infact,theytraveledalloverMinnesotaandintoWisconsintotrackdownnewlocations,evencampingovernighttoreachsomeplaces.

(事實(shí)上，他們走遍了明尼蘇達(dá)州并進(jìn)入威斯康星州尋找新地點(diǎn)，甚至過夜露營以到達(dá)某些地方)”可知，為了尋找新的地點(diǎn)，她們走遍了明尼蘇達(dá)州和威斯康星州，甚至在一些地方露營過夜。由此推知，她們挑戰(zhàn)了體能的極限。故選D。【26題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段Colleen說的話““Ithinkitkeptbothofourmindsoffit,”Colleenadded.“Shecouldfeelmystressduringeverything.Ialsothinkthatithelpedprotectherfromallthecrazinessgoingon.Inaddition,itwasjustareallyfuntimeforthetwoofustobondandgrowandhealtogether.”(“我認(rèn)為這讓我們都不再去想它，”科琳補(bǔ)充道?！八谌魏问虑樯隙寄芨惺艿轿业膲毫ΑＮ疫€認(rèn)為這有助于保護(hù)她免受所有瘋狂的影響。此外，對于我們兩個(gè)來說，這真是一段非常有趣的時(shí)光，可以讓我們建立聯(lián)系、一起成長、一起治愈?！?”及最后一段的“Forherwonderfulmom,theadventurewaslessaboutthemilestonesandmoreaboutthetimetheyspenttogether.“Wehadsomuchfundoingus,beingus,andcamping,”shesaid.(對于她出色的媽媽來說，這次冒險(xiǎn)與其說是里程碑，不如說是他們在一起度過的時(shí)光?！拔覀兺娴煤荛_心，做我們自己，還有露營，”她說)”可知，Colleen認(rèn)為這是一段非常有趣的時(shí)光，讓她們彼此照應(yīng)，一起成長，這段旅程也加深了她們之間的感情，這對她很重要。故選D?！?7題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞上文“IttookWynnandColleenfivemonths,buttheyfinallyreachedWinnewissaFalls—their67thwaterfall—inAugust.

(Wynn和Colleen花了五個(gè)月的時(shí)間，終于在8月到達(dá)了Winnewissa瀑布——她們的第67個(gè)瀑布)”可知，Wynn和媽媽歷經(jīng)各種磨難，長途跋涉，最終完成了目標(biāo)，因此，當(dāng)做到這件事時(shí)，她一定很激動(dòng)。由此可知，劃線單詞意為“激動(dòng)的”。故選C。CChoosingtoforgetsomethingmighttakemorementaleffortthantryingtorememberit,researchersattheUniversityofTexasdiscovered.Theirfindingssuggestthatinordertoforgetanunwantedexperience,moreattentionshouldbefocusedonit.“Decadesofresearchhasshownthatwehavetheabilitytoforgetsomethingoutofourownfreewill,buthowourbrainsdothatisstillbeingquestioned.Oncewecanfigureouthowmemoriesareweakenedandthinkoutwaystocontrolthis,wecandesigntreatmenttohelppeopleridthemselvesofunwantedmemories,”saidJarrodLewis-Peacock,thestudy’sseniorauthor.Memoriesaredynamicconstructionsofthebrainthatregularlygetupdated,adjustedandreorganizedthroughexperience.Thebrainisconstantlyrememberingandforgettinginformation,andmuchofthishappensautomaticallyduringsleep.Theirfindingsnotonlyconfirmedthathumanshavetheabilitytocontrolwhattheyforget,butalsothatsuccessfulintentionalforgettingrequiresmoreactivitythanwhatisrequiredtoremember.“Aproperlevelofbrainactivityisimportanttothisforgettingmechanism.Toostrong,anditwillstrengthenthememory;tooweak,andyouwon’tchangeit,”saidTracyWang,leadauthorofthestudy.“Importantly,it’stheintentiontoforgetthatincreasestheactivationofthememory,andwhenthisactivationhitsthesweetspotattheappropriatelevel,that’swhenitleadstolaterforgettingofthatexperience.”Theresearchersalsofoundthatparticipantsweremorelikelytoforgetscenesthanfaces.“We’relearninghowthesemechanismsinourbrainrespondtodifferenttypesofinformation,anditwilltakealotoffurtherresearchbeforeweunderstandhowtouseourabilitytoforget,”saidLewis-Peacock.“Hopefully,wecanfindouthowweprocessandgetridofthosereallystrong,stickyemotionalmemories,whichcanhaveapowerfuleffectonourhealthandwell-being.”28.Whatremainsapuzzletoresearchers?A.Howourmemoriescanbestrengthened.B.Howourbrainsvoluntarilyforgetsomething.C.Whateffectunwantedmemorieshaveonourbrains.D.Whetherourbrainscanvoluntarilyforgetsomething.29.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribememories?A.Active. B.Lasting.C.Casual. D.Ridiculous.30.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Itrequireslessattentiontoforgetthantoremember.B.Themoreactivethebrainis,thefasteritforgets.C.Humanscan’tkeepmemoriesundercontrol.D.Humansforgetfaceslesseasilythanscenes.31.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WhatittakestoforgetanunwantedexperienceB.StrongmemorieshaveagreatinfluenceonhealthC.ForgettingusesmorebrainpowerthanrememberingD.Howtotrainourbrainstovoluntarilyforgetsomething【答案】28.B29.A30.D31.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了一項(xiàng)驚人發(fā)現(xiàn)——遺忘需要更多的腦力投入，及這背后的大腦運(yùn)行機(jī)理和背后的醫(yī)療價(jià)值?！?8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Decadesofresearchhasshownthatwehavetheabilitytoforgetsomethingoutofourownfreewill,buthowourbrainsdothatisstillbeingquestioned.(幾十年的研究表明，我們有能力出于自己的自由意志忘記一些事情，但我們的大腦是如何做到這一點(diǎn)的仍在受到質(zhì)疑。)”可知，幾十年的研究表明我們有能力自動(dòng)忘記某事，但是我們的大腦是如何做到的仍然是一個(gè)謎團(tuán)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Memoriesaredynamicconstructionsofthebrainthatregularlygetupdated,adjustedandreorganizedthroughexperience.(記憶是大腦的動(dòng)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)，通過經(jīng)驗(yàn)定期更新、調(diào)整和重組。)”可知，記憶是大腦的動(dòng)態(tài)構(gòu)建，可推知記憶是活躍的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的“Theresearchersalsofoundthatparticipantsweremorelikelytoforgetscenesthanfaces.(研究人員還發(fā)現(xiàn)，參與者更容易忘記場景而不是面孔。)”可知，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)被研究對象更容易忘記場景而非人臉。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Choosingtoforgetsomethingmighttakemorementaleffortthantryingtorememberit,researchersattheUniversityofTexasdiscovered.(得克薩斯大學(xué)的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，選擇忘記某事可能比試圖記住它需要更多的精神努力。)”和最后一段中的““We’relearninghowthesemechanismsinourbrainrespondtodifferenttypesofinformation,

anditwilltakealotoffurtherresearchbeforeweunderstandhowtouseourabilitytoforget,”saidLewis-Peacock.“Hopefully,

wecanfindouthowweprocessandgetridofthosereallystrong,stickyemotionalmemories, whichcanhaveapowerfuleffectonourhealthandwell-being.”(劉易斯·皮科克說：“我們正在學(xué)習(xí)大腦中的這些機(jī)制是如何對不同類型的信息做出反應(yīng)的，在我們了解如何利用我們的遺忘能力之前，還需要進(jìn)行大量的進(jìn)一步研究?！?。“希望我們能找出我們?nèi)绾翁幚砗蛿[脫那些非常強(qiáng)烈、粘稠的情感記憶，這些記憶會(huì)對我們的健康和幸福產(chǎn)生強(qiáng)大的影響?！?”可知，本文主要是為了說明忘記某事比記住某事更費(fèi)腦。故選C項(xiàng)。DDanisharchitecturestudioBjarkeIngelsGroup(BIG)hasdesignedTerminusAICityOperatingSystemasacampusinChongqing,China,whichwillbeoperatedbyanartificialintelligencesystem.Everythinginthecitywillbeoperatedbythissystem.BIGhasdrawnuptheplansforTeminusGroup,whichwillhaveitsheadquartersatthecentreoftheartificialintelligence-runcitycampus.ThedevelopmentwillbelocatedinChongqingHi-TechIndustrialDevelopmentZoneandwillincludeCloudValley,thecampusstyleheadquartersofTerminusGroup.“Wehaveovertherecentyearsworkedwithseveraloftheworld’sleadingtechnologycompanies.WearethrilledtobringourexperiencetoChongqing,”saidBjarkeIngels,founderofBIG.“CloudValleyisimaginedasacitywherepeople,technologyandnaturelivetogetherinharmony—withspacesdesignedforalltypesoflife:humanlife,plantlife,animallifeandevenartificiallife.”BIG’sdesignforCloudValleyisintendedtodemonstratetheenvironmentalgoalsoftheproject.Greenroofpanelswillcreateopen-aircourtyardsthroughoutthecampus.Thesecourtyardswillhostartexhibitionsandsportingevents.Atnight,theundersideoftheroofpanelswillbetransformedintowhatBIGdescribedas“thelargestdigitaldisplayinChina.”InAICity,peoplewillliveinhomeswithautomaticallyadjustingsolarpanelsandhaveadigitalassistanttoruntheirlives.BuildingswillhavepowersystemscontrolledbyTerminusGroupsoftware.“Assunlighthitsthehouses,bedroomwindowsbecometransparenttoallowthenaturallighttowakesleepyresidents,”saidTerminusGroup.“Oncethelighthasfilledtheroom,anAIhousekeeperselectsyourbreakfast,matchesyouroutfitwiththeweather,andpresentsafullscheduleofyourdayusingTerminusGroup’ssmarttransportationsolution.”AICitywillhavee-bikesandself-drivingcarstocutdownontrafficjams.32.WhatisCloudValleyaccordingtoBjarkeIngels?A.Asmartcitywithalllifeinharmony.B.Acampusknownforhightechnology.C.Aspaceintendedforwildlifeprotection.D.Azonewithleadingtechnologycompanies.33.What’stheaimofBIG’sdesignforCloudValley?A.Toproducethelargestdigitaldisplay. B.Tohostartandsportsevents.C.Toshowitsenvironmentalobjectives. D.Tocreateopen-aircourtyards.34.WhoareresponsibleforthehouseworkinCloudValley?A.Digitalassistants. B.Theresidents.C.TerminusGroup. D.Hiredworkers.35.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleofthetext?A.ModernLifeinCloudValley B.AnOncomingAI-runCityinChinaC.BuildingsControlledbySoftware D.TheDevelopmentofAIinChongqing【答案】32.A33.C34.A35.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了即將入駐重慶的智能城市操作系統(tǒng)——CloudValley的設(shè)計(jì)理念和運(yùn)作方式?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“CloudValleyisimaginedasacitywherepeople,technologyandnaturelivetogetherinharmony—withspacesdesignedforalltypesoflife:humanlife,plantlife,animallifeandevenartificiallife.(云谷被想象成一座城市，在這里，人們、技術(shù)和自然和諧地生活在一起，為各種類型的生命設(shè)計(jì)空間：人類生命、植物生命、動(dòng)物生命，甚至人工生命)”可知，BjarkeIngels認(rèn)為CloudValley是一個(gè)所有生命都和諧共處的智能城市。故選A。【33題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“BIG’sdesignforCloudValleyisintendedtodemonstratetheenvironmentalgoalsoftheproject.(BIG對CloudValley的設(shè)計(jì)旨在展示該項(xiàng)目的環(huán)境目標(biāo))”可知，BIG對CloudValley的設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo)是展示它的環(huán)境目標(biāo)。故選C?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“Oncethelighthasfilledtheroom,anAIhousekeeperselectsyourbreakfast,matchesyouroutfitwiththeweather,andpresentsafullscheduleofyourdayusingTerminusGroup’ssmarttransportationsolution.(光線充滿房間后，AI管家會(huì)選擇您的早餐，根據(jù)天氣搭配您的裝備，并使用TerminusGroup的智能交通解決方案呈現(xiàn)您一天的完整日程安排)”可知，CloudValley里負(fù)責(zé)家務(wù)的是一個(gè)人工智能管家。故選A?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“DanisharchitecturestudioBjarkeIngelsGroup(BIG)hasdesignedTerminusAICityOperatingSystemasacampusinChongqing,China,whichwillbeoperatedbyanartificialintelligencesystem.Everythinginthecitywillbeoperatedbythissystem.(丹麥建筑工作室BjarkeIngelsGroup(BIG)在中國重慶設(shè)計(jì)了TerminusAICity操作系統(tǒng)，該系統(tǒng)將由人工智能系統(tǒng)操作。城市里的一切都將由這個(gè)系統(tǒng)來操作)”和下文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了即將入駐重慶的智能城市操作系統(tǒng)——CloudValley的設(shè)計(jì)理念和運(yùn)作方式。因此“中國即將到來的AI-run城市”可以作為本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Whyweforget?Rememberingthingsisanimportantfunctionofourbrain—ifwecan’trecallhowtodosomething,wecan’tsurvive.Ifyouthinkaboutit,thereissomuchwehavetoremember—fromwhereweleaveourcarkeystohowwewalk.___36___Memoryallowsthebraintostoreandrecallinformationwhenrequired.Ourshort-termmemorycanholdasmallamountofinformationforashorttime,whileourlong-termmemorycanholdanunlimitedamountofinformationforalongtime.Ourmemoryisamazing,butwhydowestillforgetthings?Itmaybebecauseweareinarushorweconsideritirrelevantatthetime.Whenwedostoreinformation,weoftenmakeconnectionswithotherthings,whichhelpsusrecallitlater.___37___Itisalsopossiblethatmemoriesdeclineovertime.Ifyoudon’tperformataskforalongperiodoftime,itcanbedifficulttorecallhowtodoit.Thiscouldbebecauseourmemoryisfull,orthatourshort-termmemoryiseasiertoaccess.___38___Haveyouevergoneintoaroomtofetchsomethingonlytoforgetwhatyouwantedwhenyougotthere?Thisiscalled“TheDoorwayEffect”.Thisoccursbecausewechangeboththephysicalandmentalenvironments,movingtoadifferentroomandthinkingaboutmanydifferentthings.So,ifyouhaveamindlikeasieve(篩子),itcouldbebecauseyouhavetoomuchonyourmind.Butwedoneedtokeepourmemorysharpbycontinuallyusingit.___39___That’swhenwe’reatmoreriskofgettingAlzheimer’sdisease.However,forgettingisnotalwaysabadthing!Itwouldwastecognitiveresourcesifwerememberedeverydetailoftheworldaroundus.___40___A.That’ssomethingworthremembering!B.Maybeit’snosurprisethatsometimesweareforgetful.C.Butsometimesevenourshort-termmemorycanletusdown.D.Ifyoudon’thavetheseconnections,thenitcanbeeasiertoforget.E.However,itiswidelyrecognizedthatshort-termmemorycanbeimproved.F.Wealsoneedsomementalrelaxationsuchaslisteningtosomeclassicalmusic.G.Beyondour50s,ourbrainstendtoshrinkinvolumeandourmemorybeginstodecline.【答案】36.B37.D38.C39.G40.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了人類記憶的工作原理以及為什么會(huì)忘記事情，同時(shí)也提到了忘記并不總是一件壞事。【36題詳析】上文“Rememberingthingsisanimportantfunctionofourbrain-ifwecan’trecallhowtodosomething,wecan’tsurvive.Ifyouthinkaboutit,thereissomuchwehavetoremember—fromwhereweleaveourcarkeystohowwewalk.(記憶東西是我們大腦的一個(gè)重要功能——如果我們不能回憶起如何做事，我們就無法生存。如果你想一下，我們有很多事情要記住——從我們把車鑰匙放在哪里到我們?nèi)绾巫呗?”講述了記憶的重要性以及我們需要記憶的事情之多。B選項(xiàng)“Maybeit’snosurprisethatsometimesweareforgetful.(也許我們有時(shí)會(huì)健忘并不奇怪)”與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，提出雖然記憶很重要，但有時(shí)候我們還是會(huì)忘記一些事情，進(jìn)而引出文章關(guān)于“Whyweforget?”的討論，上下文語意銜接自然。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】上文“Whenwedostoreinformation,weoftenmakeconnectionswithotherthings,whichhelpsusrecallitlater.(當(dāng)我們儲(chǔ)存信息時(shí)，我們經(jīng)常會(huì)與其他事物建立聯(lián)系，這有助于我們以后回憶)”講述了我們?nèi)绾蝺?chǔ)存信息并幫助回憶。D選項(xiàng)“Ifyoudon’thavetheseconnections,thenitcanbeeasiertoforget.(如果你沒有這些聯(lián)系，那么就更容易忘記)”與上文構(gòu)成對比關(guān)系，指出如果沒有這些聯(lián)系，我們就更容易忘記信息，句中“theseconnections”指代上文“connections”，上下文語意連貫。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】下文“Haveyouevergoneintoaroomtofetchsomethingonlytoforgetwhatyouwantedwhenyougotthere?Thisiscalled‘TheDoorwayEffect’.(你有沒有走進(jìn)一個(gè)房間去拿東西，結(jié)果到了那里卻忘了你想要什么？這被稱為‘門口效應(yīng)’)”舉例說明了短期記憶有時(shí)也會(huì)讓我們失望。C選項(xiàng)“Butsometimesevenourshort-termmemorycanletusdown.(但有時(shí)甚至我們的短期記憶也會(huì)讓我們失望)”是下文要舉例證明的觀點(diǎn)，上下文語意連貫。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】上文“Butwedoneedtokeepourmemorysharpbycontinuallyusingit.(但我們確實(shí)需要通過不斷地使用它來保持記憶的敏銳)”講述了我們需要不斷使用記憶來保持其敏銳性。G選項(xiàng)“Beyondour50s,ourbrainstendtoshrinkinvolumeandourmemorybeginstodecline.(過了50歲，我們的大腦體積往往會(huì)縮小，記憶力開始下降)”承接上文，進(jìn)一步說明了隨著年齡的增長，我們的記憶力會(huì)自然下降，因此需要不斷使用來保持。同時(shí)，該選項(xiàng)也與下文“That’swhenwe’reatmoreriskofgettingAlzheimer’sdisease.(那時(shí)我們患阿爾茨海默病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)更高)”構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，指出記憶力下降與患阿爾茨海默病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加之間的關(guān)聯(lián)。上下文語意連貫。故選G項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】上文“However,forgettingisnotalwaysabadthing!Itwouldwastecognitiveresourcesifwerememberedeverydetailoftheworldaroundus.(然而，忘記并不總是一件壞事！如果我們記住周圍世界的每一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)，那就會(huì)浪費(fèi)認(rèn)知資源)”講述了忘記的好處，即可以避免浪費(fèi)認(rèn)知資源。A選項(xiàng)“That’ssomethingworthremembering!(這是值得記住的！)”總結(jié)上文，強(qiáng)調(diào)了忘記的好處是值得我們記住的，且該選項(xiàng)能夠很好地總結(jié)全文。故選A項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。DuringmyfirstyearinLA,Iwasabirthday-partyclown(小丑).Istruggledalotwithmy___41___becausethoughIviewedmyselfasafilmmaker,everyoneviewedthisridiculousjobasmycareer.Forcertainparties,I’dhavetoplaya___42___character,suchasMickeyMouseorSpongeBobSquarePants.Onenight,they___43___metheclothesandsaid,“Tomorrowyou’regoingtobeBatman.”AtthetimeIhadathickmoustache.Ididn’twanttochangemyphysical___44___forthatjob,becauseIrefusedtoadmitIwasmoreofaclownthanan___45___.Thenextday,onmywaytotheparty,Istartedto___46___mychoice,thinking,“Gosh,thispartyisn’tgoingtogowell.”Sureenough,whenIgotthere,everyoneburstintolaughter.Iwasso___47___thatIwantedtoturnback.Butthenthelaughterchangedinto___48___.Thebirthdayboy’sdadlaughedandsaid,“Yousee,son.ItoldyouBatmanhasa___49___.”TheyshowedmethebirthdaycakewithamoustachedBatmandrawnonit.Istaredatitbeyond_____50_____.Whenthecakewas_____51_____broughtout,allthekidsteased,“Batmandoesn’thaveamoustache.”_____52_____admittingthecakewasmessedup,theparentssaid,“No,Batmanalwayshasamoustache.Hejustshavesitforhismovies.”_____53_____,thekidsweredoubtfuluntilmymoustachebecamethedetailthat_____54_____whattheparentshadsaid.Thatday,therewasnodoubtinmymindaboutmyidentity—Iwastheherothey_____55_____.41.A.ability B.fame C.identity D.ambition42.A.local B.specific C.funny D.heroic43.A.returned B.charged C.awarded D.handed44.A.strength B.fitness C.appearance D.performance45.A.actor B.artist C.author D.athlete46.A.accept B.offer C.regret D.change47.A.confused B.frightened C.embarrassed D.surprised48.A.whispering B.yelling C.crying D.cheering49.A.car B.moustache C.cake D.party50.A.recognition B.question C.praise D.belief51.A.constantly B.randomly C.initially D.temporarily52.A.Insteadof B.Regardlessof C.Inadditionto D.Bycomparisonwith53.A.Fortunately B.Gradually C.Incredibly D.Naturally54.A.confirmed B.determined C.uncovered D.included55.A.ordered B.needed C.imagined D.arranged【答案】41.C42.B43.D44.C45.B46.C47.C48.D49.B50.D51.C52.A53.D54.A55.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者一直困惑于自己的身份，到底是小丑還是藝術(shù)家。直到一次扮演蝙蝠俠的經(jīng)歷讓他認(rèn)識到自己是受到孩子們認(rèn)可的藝術(shù)家?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我對自己的身份很掙扎，因?yàn)殡m然我把自己看作是一名電影制作人，但每個(gè)人都把這個(gè)可笑的工作看作是我的職業(yè)。A.ability能力；B.fame名聲；C.identity身份；D.ambition抱負(fù)。根據(jù)后文“becausethoughIviewedmyselfasafilmmaker,everyoneviewedthisridiculousjobasmycareer”可知，作者認(rèn)為自己是一個(gè)電影制作人，但每個(gè)人小丑視作者的事業(yè)，作者的身份被誤解了，所以此處指作者對于自己的“身份”很糾結(jié)，在自己的身份上掙扎。故選C。【42題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：對于某些聚會(huì)，我必須扮演一個(gè)特定的角色，比如米奇老鼠或海綿寶寶。A.local當(dāng)?shù)氐模籅.specific具體的，特定的；C.funny有趣的；D.heroic英勇的。根據(jù)后文“suchasMickeyMouseorSpongeBobSquarePants”可知，對于某些派對，作者還必須扮演一些特定的角色，比如米老鼠或者海綿寶寶。故選B?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一天晚上，他們遞給我衣服說：“明天你要扮演蝙蝠俠?！盇.returned返回；B.charged指控；C.awarded授予；D.handed遞。根據(jù)后文“metheclothesandsaid,“Tomorrowyou’regoingtobeBatman”可知，此處指別人遞給作者衣服告訴作者第二天扮演蝙蝠俠。故選D。【44題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我不想為了這份工作而改變自己的外表，因?yàn)槲揖芙^承認(rèn)我更像是一個(gè)小丑而不是藝術(shù)家。A.strength力量；B.fitness健康；C.appearance外表；D.performance表演。根據(jù)前文““Tomorrowyou’regoingtobeBatman.”AtthetimeIhadathickmoustache.Ididn’twanttochangemyphysical”可知，作者留著濃密的小胡子，有人要作者扮演蝙蝠俠，所以作者不想為了工作改變自己的外表。故選C?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我不想為了這份工作而改變自己的外表，因?yàn)槲揖芙^承認(rèn)我更像是一個(gè)小丑而不是藝術(shù)家。A.actor演員；B.artist藝術(shù)家；C.author作者，作家；D.athlete運(yùn)動(dòng)員。根據(jù)前文“thoughIviewedmyselfasafilmmaker”可知，作者認(rèn)為自己是電影制作人，也就是藝術(shù)家，此處指作者拒絕承認(rèn)自己更像是一個(gè)小丑而不是藝術(shù)家。故選B?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：第二天，在去聚會(huì)的路上，我開始后悔自己的選擇。A.accept接受；B.offer提供；C.regret后悔；D.change改變。根據(jù)后文“thinking,“Gosh,thispartyisn’tgoingtogowell.””可知，作者開始后悔自己不改變外表的選擇，擔(dān)心這個(gè)派對不會(huì)順利。故選C?！?7題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我很尷尬，想往回走。A.confused困惑的；B.frightened害怕的；C.embarrassed尷尬的；D.surprised驚訝的。根據(jù)前文“whenIgotthere,everyoneburstintolaughter”和后文“thatIwantedtoturnback”可知，當(dāng)作者到達(dá)聚會(huì)時(shí)，每個(gè)人看到留著小胡子的蝙蝠俠都大笑起來，所以作者感到尷尬想往回走。故選C。【48題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但隨后笑聲變成了歡呼聲。A.whispering低語；B.yelling叫喊；C.crying哭泣；D.cheering歡呼。根據(jù)前文“Butthenthelaughterchangedinto”可知，此處與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，表示大家的笑聲變成了歡呼聲。故選D。【49題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我告訴你蝙蝠俠有胡子。A.car汽車；B.moustache胡子；C.cake蛋糕；D.party聚會(huì)。根據(jù)后文“TheyshowedmethebirthdaycakewithamoustachedBatmandrawnonit.”以及“theparentssaid,“No,Batmanalwayshasamoustache.Hejustshavesitforhismovies.”

”可知，父親告訴兒子蝙蝠俠有胡子。故選B?！?0題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我盯著它，簡直不敢相信。A.recognition認(rèn)識；B.question問題；C.praise贊揚(yáng)；D.belief信念，相信。根據(jù)前文“TheyshowedmethebirthdaycakewithamoustachedBatmandrawnonit.Istaredatitbeyond”可知，作看到蛋糕上的蝙蝠俠有胡子，感到難以置信。beyondbelief表示“難以置信”。故選D。【51題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)?shù)案庾畛醣荒贸鰜頃r(shí)，所有的孩子都取笑說：“蝙蝠俠沒有胡子?！盇.constantly不斷地；B.randomly隨機(jī)地；C.initially最初地；D.temporarily暫時(shí)地。根據(jù)后文“broughtout,allthekidsteased,“Batmandoesn’thaveamoustache.””可知，此處指蛋糕最初被拿出來的時(shí)候，遭到孩子們的嘲笑，他們說蝙蝠俠沒有胡子。故選C。【52題詳析】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：家長們沒有承認(rèn)蛋糕被搞砸了，反而說：“不，總是蝙蝠俠總是留著小胡子。他只是為了拍電影才刮胡子的?！盇.Insteadof而不是；B.Regardlessof不管；C.Inadditionto除……之外；D.Bycomparisonwith與……相比。根據(jù)后文“theparentssaid,“No,Batmanalwayshasamoustache.Hejustshavesitforhismovies.””可知，家長看到蛋糕上的蝙蝠俠有胡子沒有承認(rèn)蛋糕被搞砸了，反而說蝙蝠俠總是留著小胡子的。insteadof“而不是”符合語境。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：自然孩子們一直持懷疑態(tài)度，直到我的胡子成為證實(shí)父母所說的話的細(xì)節(jié)。A.Fortunately幸運(yùn)地；B.Gradually逐漸地；C.Incredibly難以置信地；D.Naturally自然地，當(dāng)然地。根據(jù)后文“thekidsweredoubtful”可知，家長們說蝙蝠俠總是有胡子的，孩子們自然對家長所說的話持懷疑態(tài)度。故選D?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：自然孩子們一直持懷疑態(tài)度，直到我的胡子成為證實(shí)父母所說的話的細(xì)節(jié)。A.confirmed證實(shí)；B.determined決定；C.uncovered揭露；D.included包括。根據(jù)前文“theparentssaid,“No,Batmanalwayshasamoustache.Hejustshavesitforhismovies.””以及空前“mymoustache”可知，此處表示作者的胡子證實(shí)了家長所說的話。故選A。【55題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：那天，我毫不懷疑自己的身份——我就是他們需要的英雄。A.ordered命令；B.needed需要；C.imagined想象；D.arranged安排。根據(jù)前文“thekidsweredoubtfuluntilmymoustachebecamethedetailthatwhattheparentshadsaid.”可知，最終作者對自己的身份毫不懷疑，派對上需要一個(gè)有胡子的蝙蝠俠，而作者成為了他們需要的人。故選B。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Mountaingorillas(大猩猩)spendmostoftheirtimesleep