HeatingMarketReport

2024

SWEDEN

THENETHERLANDS

OurMembers:CompaniesandNationalAssociations

DENMARK

FINLAND

'TALTEKA+GF+

POLAND

THEUNITEDKINGDOM

CZECHREPUBLIC

GERMANY

BELGIUM

ebmpapst

VASCOGROUP

VAILLANTGROUP

-weishaupt-

AUSTRIA

FRANCE

wilo

TüRKIYE

SPAIN

ITALY

f所oli9efong

SWITZERLAND

2HeatingMarketReport20243

Contents

ForewordoftheChairman 6

Aviewfrom:theInternationalEnergyAgency 8

1.HeatingTechnologies 12

1.1.Heatpumps 13

1.1.1.Hybridheatpumps 14

1.1.2.Electricheatpumps 16

1.1.3.Thermallydrivenheatpumps 17

1.1.4.Airtoairheatpumps 18

1.2.Condensingboilers 19

1.3.Solarthermal 20

1.4.Biomassboilers 21

1.5.Combinedheatandpower,fuelcells 22

1.5.1.Fuelcells 22

1.6.Waterheaters 24

1.7.Hotwaterstorage 25

1.8.Surfaceheatingandcooling 26

1.9.Radiators 27

1.10.Smartheating 28

1.11.Hydrogenheatingtechnologies 29

4

2.EuropeanMarketsOverview 31

2.1.Austria 32

2.2.Belgium 34

2.3.Denmark 36

2.4.France 38

2.5.Germany 40

2.6.Italy 42

2.7.TheNetherlands 44

2.8.Poland 46

2.9.Spain 48

2.10.Sweden 50

2.11.Switzerland 52

2.12.Türkiye 54

2.13.TheUnitedKingdom 56

2.14.Maintrendsofthemarketforheatemitters 58

2.15.Maintrendsinburners’market 60

2.16.MaintrendsoftheCentralandEasternEurope 62

HeatingMarketReport20245

6

JanBrockmann

Chairman,EuropeanHeatingIndustry

Figure1

ForewordoftheChairman

AsthenewlyelectedChairmanoftheEuropeanHea-tingIndustry,Iamhonouredtointroducethe2024

EuropeanHeatingMarketReportaresourcethatreflectsnotonlythechallengeswehavefacedbut

alsothestrideswecontinuetomakeasanindustry.Thisreportprovidesvaluableinsights,highlightingtherealityofthepasttwoyearswhileofferingavision

forabrighterandsustainablefutureforEuropeanbuildings.

Thepastyearshowedusthatoursectorstandsat

acriticaljuncture.Ononehand,wearedrivenbyasharedambitiontomeetEuropesclimategoals;ontheother,wemustensurecompetitivenessandaffor-dabilityforconsumers.Theprogressofourindustryisessential,yettodaywefaceasoberingreality:

consumerinvestmentsinrenewingEuropesheatingsystemshaveslowed,leadingtoanaging,inefficientinstalledstock.ThisstagnationjeopardizesbothCO2reductiontargetsandconsumertrust.Reversingthistrendisourtoppriority.

HeatingMarketReport20247

Despitethechallenges,theEuropeanheatingindustryhasconsistentlyprovenitsreadinessfortheenergy

transition.Investmentsintechnology,production

capacityandtrainingofourtalentsaswellasofourpartners,theinstallers,haveputusinapositionto

deliveradvancedheatingsolutionsatscale.Today,

ourmanufacturingcapabilitiesallowustoproduce

between2and3millionheatpumpsannually,well

abovethecurrentdemandofapproximately1millionunits.Thechallengeisnotsupplybutdemand:this

meansthatconsumersneedtoseecompellingrea-

sonstoinvestinmodern,sustainableheatingsystems.

Inthiscontext,industryisworkingonmakingatech-nologicallysoundcase,iedevelopingheatingsystemsthatareevermoreefficient,compact,connected,

sustainableandeasytoinstallandoperate.Butconsu-mersneedtoseealsoafinanciallysoundcase:there-forereducingoperatingcostsofrenewableenergy-basedtechnologiesiscrucial,alongwithaddressing

theupfrontcostbarriersthroughtargeted,constantsubsidies.Tothisend,electrificationoffersaclear

pathwayformany,buthybridsystems,andgreen

gas-readytechnologiesareequallyvitaltoensuringnohomeisleftbehindintheenergytransition.

Legislationplaysafundamentalrole:itmustfoster

consumerconfidence.Recentpolicydebates,often

polarizedorcentredonbans,havecreatedconfusionamongconsumersandunderminedprogress.Instead,weneedpoliciesthatincentivizeproactiveconsumerbehaviourandpushittowardssustainablechoices:

whenitcomestoheatingthismeansthatifyouinvestinaheatpump,youroperatingcostswillhavetobelowenoughtojustifytheinvestmentyoumade.

Beyondtechnologyandpolicy,thefutureofour

industrydependsontalentandinnovation.Oursec-toralreadyattractsbrightmindswhorecognizethe

essentialroleweplayinprovidingheatingsolutionstomakebuildingssustainable.Aswemoveforward,wemustcontinuetoprovidepurpose-drivenoppor-tunitiesforyoungpeople,recognizingthatyoungergenerationsshowaheightenedconcernforenviron-mentalissuesandclimatechange,comparedtooldergenerations.Thisincreasedawarenessandengage-mentareanopportunityforallofus.

ThefutureofEuropeanheatingremainspromising.Wehavethetechnologiesandtheexpertiseto

contributetoEurope’sclimategoals.Whatweneednowaretherightconditionstocreatecertaintyforconsumers,confidenceintheirchoices,andmo-

mentumforchange.Byworkingtogether—industry,policymakers,andconsumersalike—wecanreignitedemand,reduceemissions,anddeliversustainable,reliableheatingsolutionsforEurope’shomes.

JanBrockmann

Chairman,EuropeanHeatingIndustry

8

Aviewfrom:

theInternationalEnergyAgency

AninterviewbyFedericaSabbati,SecretaryGeneraloftheEuropeanHea-tingIndustry,withLauraCozzi,DirectorofSustainability,

TechnologyandOutlooksattheInternationalEnergyAgency

FedericaSabbati(left)andLauraCozzi(right)

Figure2

Europe’senergytransitionforbuildingsisdeeply

interconnectedwithglobaltrends,energymarkets,andtechnologicaladvancements.ThesuccessofthistransitiondependsnotonlyonEuropeanpoliciesbutalsoondevelopmentsacrosstheworld.

TheEuropeanheatingindustryitselfoperateswithininternationalvaluechains,relyingonglobalpartners-hipsforrawmaterialsandcomponents.Ensuring

thecompetitivenessofourindustry-especiallythesectorthatproducesthetechnologiesdrivingtheenergytransition-isakeypriorityforthe2024-29EUlegislativeperiod.ThisisacentralthemeintheMarioDraghiReportonCompetitiveness,commis-sionedbyEuropeanCommissionPresidentUrsula

vonderLeyenin2024.Itisareporttobasethe

EUstrategyforindustrialcompetitiveness,whichhighlightstheneedforastrongindustrialbasetosupportEurope’seconomicandenvironmental

ambitions.Giventhisglobalinterdependence,it

isessentialtounderstandworldwidetrendsand

engageindialoguewithorganizationsthatanalyzethesedevelopmentsandproviderecommendationstopolicymakersworldwide.

HeatingMarketReport20249

Withthisinmind,Irecentlyhadadiscussionwith

LauraCozzi,DirectorofSustainability,Tech-nologyandOutlooksattheInternational

EnergyAgency(IEA),togaininsightsintothe

globalenergylandscapeandtheroleEuropecanplayinshapingasustainableandcompetitivefuture.

1.Europe’senergytransitionisdependent

onopentrade-particularlywithAsiaandtheUnitedStates.Inthecurrentpoliticalland-

scape,whataretheobservationsandrecom-mendationsoftheIEAtopolicymakersonthelinksbetweenenergy,trade,manufacturing

andclimate?

AsourEnergyTechnologyPerspectivesreportshows,theworldhasenteredanewindustrialage.Inthis,accesstoarangeofcomponentsandinputsforcleantechnologies–manyofwhichareproducedinvastfactories–isrisinginimportance.Manufacturingandtradeareemerging

ascrucialvariablesthatwilldeterminehowourenergy

systemdevelops.Asaresult,governments,includingin

theEuropeanUnion(EU),facechallengingtrade-offsbet-weenthegoalsofensuringsecure,affordableandevercleanerenergysupplies.Whilethereisnosinglecorrectapproachtoaddresssuchtrade-offs,Iwouldhighlight

threestrategicresponsesforgoodpractice.

Firstly,countriesneedtoplaytotheirstrengths.Industrialpoliciesshouldbedesignedaccordinglytotargetspeci-ficsectorsorstepswithinsupplychains,andshouldbecloselymonitoredandamenabletocoursecorrection,

inordertocultivateandmaintaincompetitivenessandinnovation.

Secondly,competitivenesscanbeenhancedbyfoste-

ringinnovationecosystems.EUishometomorepatentownersthananyotherregionintheworld.Wehave

seenhowtheEU’sstrengthsininnovationhavehelpeditmaintainexportseveninsectorsmostaffectedbyrelativehighenergyprices,suchasthechemicalindustry.But

competitivenessentailsmuchmore,includingencoura-gingtargetedco-locationandintegration.Insomecases,itmightnotworktoinvestinthewholevaluechain,butforothersitwillmakesenseforsomestepstobecloselyintegratedandco-located.

Thirdly,tradepolicymeasuresmustbedesignedcarefully

iftheyaretosupporttheabovegoals.ThisisespeciallyrelevantfortheEU,whichistheregionmostopento

globaltradeandtheworld‘slargestexporterofmanufac-turedgoodsandservices.

2.BuildingontheinsightsfromtheEUcom-petitiveness:Lookingaheadreport,writtenbyMarioDraghi,theEuropeanCommissionaimsataligningindustrialpolicywithdecarbonizati-onobjective,toensuretheEuropeanindustryremainscompetitive.CanEuroperealisticallyreachitsdecarbonizationtargetswhilesafegu-ardingthecompetitivenessofitsindustries?

Europe’seconomyisatamake-or-breakmoment,andurgentlyneedsanewindustrialmasterplantoensure

continuedcompetitivenessandavoidfallingbehindin

keycleanenergytechnologies.TheEUremainsaworldleaderinselectsectorsincludingwindturbines,grid

technologiesandhydrogenelectrolysers,buthasbecomeincreasinglyreliantonimportsinothers.Theblocwill

needtomaximisethebenefitsofitslargeinternal

marketforthesetechnologies,whilealsotakingamorestrategicapproachtoitsmanufacturingstrengths.

Clear,consistentdemandsignalsforcleanenergy

technologiesareessentialtoscaleupEurope’sdomes-ticmarketandachievedecarbonisationgoals.Thisin

turncanhelpunderpinagrowingmanufacturingbase.SuchsignalsaregreatlyaidedbytheEU’sstrongpolicystanceonclimateandnetzero.OurEnergyTechno-

logyPerspectivesreportfocusedonsixcleanenergy

technologies:electricvehicles,batteries,wind,solarPV,electrolysers,andheatpumps.IfwelookattheNet-

ZeroIndustryAct(NZIA),thebenchmarkof40%of

EUdeploymentbeingmetbyEUmanufacturingismostreadilyachievableforheatpumps,ifthereissufficientdemand,andforwindturbines.ThecurrentpipelineofprojectstoproducebatteriesislargelysufficienttoreachNZIAtargets.However,theEUcannotrealisticallysuc-ceedinallsectors:forsolarPV,theNZIAtargetof40%acrossthevaluechainlookshighlyambitious.

Butfosteringcompetitivenessandinnovationwillbealso

Despitetherecentnotableslowdowninheatpumps

sales,andheatingequipmentsalesmorebroadlyassalesoffossilfuelsystemsalsodeclinedinsomecountries,

therearesomereasonstoexpectapick-upintheyearstocome.Heatpumpsarealreadycompetitivewithout

publicsupportversusfossilfuelalternativesinsomemar-kets,notablyScandinavia,andalsobenefitfrompolicy

measuresalreadyinplacesuchasgrants,taxcreditsandbuildingenergycodesincountriessuchasAustriaand

theNetherlands.

4.Europeisnottheonlyregionoftheworldtotryanddesignsuccessful“sustainable

buildings”policies.Inyourexperience,whatlessonslearntfromotherpartsoftheworldcanyousuggesttoEuropeanpolicymakers?

TheEUisagloballeaderinenergyefficiencyregulationsforbuildings,drivenbyitsambitiousclimateandenergysecuritygoalsandcomprehensivepolicies.Itregulatesenergyefficiencyateverystageofabuilding‘slifecycle:

design,construction,renovation,andoperation.ButintheEU,buildingspolicyandenergypovertyconcernshavetraditionallyfocusedoncoldwintersandheatingbills.

Thisisnowshifting,astheriskofheatwavesinEuropebecomesevergreater,andasmoreandmorecentral

andevennorthernEuropeansdecidetheyalsoneed

homecooling.AndthisiswhereEuropeanpolicymakerscanlearnagreatdealfromcountriesinwarmerclimatesthathavefacedthisrealityfordecades.

Forinstance,Japanhasbeenverysuccessfulinpromotingtheuseofheatpumpsinthecountry’scentralregions

wheremosthouseholdswantasystemthatwillbothheatandcool.Colombiahasveryambitioustargetstorapidlyexpanddistrictcoolingnetworksinitsmajorcities.AndSingapore,Korea,Mexico,andAustraliahaveallseen

successwithpoliciespromotinggreenroofs.VoluntarystandardssuchasLEEDincludeorprioritizepassive

coolingsolutions.Moregenerally,countrieswithwarmerclimatesplacemoreemphasisonventilationandsolarshadingintheirbuildingspolicies:somethingpolicyma-kerswillneedtodoincomingyearsinpartsofEurope.

keytomaterialiseandexpandsuchpipelineofprojects.

Forexample,batteryproductionintheEUcostsaround

50%morethaninChinatoday.Innovativebattery

technologiesandmanufacturingtechniquescouldhelp

cutthecostgapbyupto40%–atwhichpoint,the

advantagesoflocatingmanufacturingintheEUmay

outweightheremainingcostdifference.

I’dalsohighlightthestrengthsinEurope’sexisting

industrialbaseandcentresoftechnicalexcellencein

selectsectorslikeheating,automotive,steel,chemicals

andpharmaceuticals.Thesehavepotentialspilloversin

termsofskillsandknowledgewithcleanenergytechno-

logies,especiallyEV,batteryandelectrolysermanufac-

turing.

3.Whatwouldbeyourkeyrecommendati-onsforEUpolicymakers,particularlyinlightoftheEuropeanheatingindustry’sroleinde-

carbonizingthesector,throughtechnologies

suchasheatpumps?

Inourscenariosweseethat–inlinewithachievingEU

ambitionsasinREPowerEUplan,theGreenDealand

Fitfor55–heatpumpsalescoulddoubleby2035.But

achievingthisisnotcertain.Itwilldependfirstlyonthe

effectiveimplementationofconcrete,mainlynational

policiesrequiredtosupportdemand.Andsecondly,on

necessarystabilityofsuchpoliciessupportingheatpumps

adoption–criticaltosecureinvestments,asmanufactu-

rershaveshowntheyarereadytoscaleup.

Europealreadyhasmanystrengthsinheatingtechno-

logiesincludingheatpumps.TheEUhasastrongtrack

recordinR&D,patentsandinnovation,leadingtheworld

insegmentslikelargeheatpumpsandhydrocarbonref-

rigerants.Germanyaloneregistered18%ofglobalheat

pumppatentsin2020.Inaddition,theEUalsobenefits

fromaclearlegalframeworkfornewconstruction.

Figure3

IEA‘sReportEnergy

TechnologyPerspectives2024

10HeatingMarketReport202411

1.HeatingTechnologies

TheEuropeanheatingindustryisaleaderwhentprovidinginnovative,sus-tainablesolutionstomeetdiversebuildingneeds.Fromadvancedboilersandsolarthermalsystemstoefficientheatpumpsandmodernunderfloorheating,thesetechnologiesaredesignedtoenhancecomfortwhileredu-cingenergyconsumption.Byusingnaturalresourceslikeforexamplesunlitrooftops,locallysourcedwoodorheatintheoutdoorair,theindustryisdrivinggreaterefficiencyandcuttingrelianceonfossilfuels.Throughtheadoptionofthesesolutions,thesectorisplayingavitalroleinreducing

greenhousegasemissionsandadvancingthegoalofacarbon-neutralbuil-dingstock.Bycombiningadvancedtechnologieswithenergyconservation,theheatingindustryisshapingagreener,moresustainablefuture.

1.1.Heatpumps

Heatpumpsareahighlyefficientandversatiletechnologythatplaysasignificant

roleinreducinggreenhousegasemissionsandincreasingtheuseofrenewable

energyinbuildings.Theyoperatebyextractingheatfromavarietyofsources,suchasoutdoorair,ground,water,andevenwasteheat,whichcanthenbeusedfor

spaceheating,domestichotwater,orwhenoperatinginreverse,forcooling.The-rearevarioustypesofheatpumptechnologies,includingelectric,thermallydriven,andhybridmodelscombinedwithboilers.Theirexceptionalefficiencyliesintheirabilitytocapturemuchmoreheatfromtheenvironmentthanfromtheelectricitytheyconsume.Whenpoweredbyrenewableelectricitysourceslikewindorsolarenergy,ordecarbonizedgaseslikebio-methaneandbio-LPG,heatpumpscan

contributetoevengreaterreductionsinemissions.

Heatpumpsareparticularlyefficientinwell-insulatedbuildings,wheretheycan

operateatlowersystemtemperatures,suchasforunderfloorheating.However,theyaresuitableforawiderangeofbuildingtypes,fromresidentialtocommercial,andcanbeusedinbothnewconstructionsandexistingbuildings,eventhosewithlessinsulation.InEurope,heatpumpshavecapturedabout50%ofthemarket

shareinnewsingle-familyhomes,demonstratingtheirgrowingpopularity.Thispercentageisexpectedtogrowfurtherinupcomingyears,duetopolicydevelop-mentsinsupportofthetechnology.

HeatingMarketReport202413

14

1.1.1.Hybridheatpumps

Inabroadsense,theterm‘hybrid’or‘hybridheater’referstoanapplianceor

asystemofapplianceswhichcombinesatleasttwodifferentenergysourcesto

provideheatingand/ordomestichotwatertoabuilding,andwhoseoperationismanagedbyonecontrol.Traditionally,themostwell-knownhybridtypehaspro-bablybeenthecombinationofaboilerandsolarthermalsystemtoproducespaceandwaterheating.

Ahybridheatpump,instead,combinesanelectricheatpump,acondensingboiler,andsmartcontrols,allowingittoswitchbetweenenergysources.Itisthemost

promisingandfastestgrowinghybridtype.Thehybridheatpump’scontrolsystemselectsthebestmodeofoperation(i.e.,heatdemandcoveredbytheheatpump,

Benefits:

?Readyforgreenelectricity.

?Thelargemajoritycanalreadyworkwithblendsofnatural(orgreen)gasandhydrogen.

?Fullycompatiblewith100%biomethaneandsyntheticmethane.

?Developmentsareongoingtomakehybridscapableofworkingwith100%hydrogen.

?GreatenergyefficiencyandCO2emissionsreductions.

?Helpbalancedemandontheelectricitygrid,limitingdemandpeaksthankstocondensingtechnology.

?Wheredynamicpricesareimplemented,peoplemaysaveontheelectricitybill,shiftingtheirconsumptiontotimeswhendemand(andprices)arelow.

?Suitableformanybuildingcontexts:hybridheatpumpsareaveryconvenientmeanstorenovateexistingheatingsystems.

HeatingMarketReport202415

Figure4Hybridheatpump

theboilerorbothinparallel)basedonuserpreferences,suchasminimizingCO2emissionsorreducingrunningcosts,whileconsideringfactorslikeclimateand

energyprices.Dependingonbuildingproperties,localclimateandchosencontrolsettings,theheatpump’sshareinspaceheatingcanlargelyvary.Thisflexibilityma-keshybridheatpumpsidealforbuildingswithpoorinsulation,astheycandeliverhighertemperatureswithoutneedingimmediateinsulationorheatdistribution

upgrades.Thisisastrongadvantageforconsumers,asitallowsthemtoplanandaffordrenovationoftheirbuildinginstages,orincrementalsteps,forexamplepro-gressivelyaddinginsulation.Additionally,Hybridheatpumpsareagoodsolutioninbuildingswherethereisalackofspacetoinstallastandaloneelectricheatpump,becausetheheatpumpsinhybridheatpumpsareoftenmorecompact,whilestillcoveringmostoftheheatingneeds.

16

1.1.2.Electricheatpumps

Electricheatpumpsuseanelectricallydrivenvaporcompressioncycletotransportheatbymeansofarefrigerantfluidfromthesource(i.e.air,groundwater,wasteheat)tothesink(i.e.spaceheatingordomestichotwaterofthebuilding).

574,300

671,200

989,500

1,530,300

2019

2020

2021

2022

1,430,100

961,500

20232024

Figure6HeatpumpssalesinAT,BE,DK,FR,DE,IT,NL,PL,ES,SE,CH,UK

Figure5FigureWorkingprincipleofanelectricheatpump

Benefits:

?Readyforgreenelectricity.

?Theyarehighlyefficient.Aheatpumpwithacoefficientofperformanceof

4.0cantransfer4unitsofheattoabuilding,using1kWhofelectricityinput.

?Mostoftheenergyusedforhea-tingisrenewable.

?TheyreduceCO2emissions;greatestreductionswiththeuseofrenewableelectricity

HeatingMarketReport202417

1.1.3.Thermallydrivenheatpumps

Thermallydrivenheatpumpsusefuelslikenaturalgasorgreengases,including

hydrogen,totransferheatfromtheenvironmentintobuildings.Therearethreemaintypesofthermallydrivenheatpumps:compression,adsorption,andab-

sorption,eachsuitedforspecificapplications.Compressionheatpumpsareidealforlargecommercialbuildingslikehotels,hospitals,andschools,providingheating,cooling,andhotwater.Absorptionheatpumpsareefficientforbothnewbuildsandrenovationprojects,especiallywhenhigh-temperatureradiatorsarerequired.Adsorptionheatpumpsworkbestinnewordeeplyrenovatedsystemsusinglow-temperatureradiatorsorsurfaceheatingsystems.

Figure7Thermallydrivenheatpump

Benefits:

?Thelargemajoritycanalreadyworkwithblendsofnatural(orgreen)gasandhydrogen.

?Fullycompatiblewith100%biomethaneandsyntheticmethane.

?Developmentsareongoingtomakethermallydrivenheatpumpscapableofworkingwith100%hydrogen.

?Highlyenergyefficient:theyuseexistingrenewableenergyfromtheenvironment.

?Absorptiontechnologyworksverywellwithexistingheatingsystems.

?Makeuseofexistingenergyinfrastructure.

18

1.1.4.Airtoairheatpumps

Air-to-airheatpumpsareahighlyefficienttechnologythattransfersheatfromout-doorairintoabuilding’sinteriortoprovidespaceheatingorcooling.Unlikeotherheatpumps,theydon‘theatwaterbutdirectlyregulateindoorairtemperature,

makingthemidealforclimateswheremildheatingandcoolingneedsarecommon.Air-to-airheatpumpsarepoweredbyelectricityandworksimilarlytotraditionalairconditioningsystems,excepttheycanreversetheirfunctiontoprovideheatingincoldermonths.Theyperformbestinwell-insulatedbuildingsandareparticular-lysuitedforresidentialorsmallcommercialapplications.Theirefficiencycanbe

furtherenhancedwhenpairedwithrenewableelectricitysources,suchaswind

orsolarpower.Duetotheireaseofinstallationandabilitytoreducebothenergyconsumptionandgreenhousegasemissions,air-to-airheatpumpsareapopularchoiceforenergy-consciousconsumers.

Air-to-airheatpump

Figure8

HeatingMarketReport202419-

4,783,300

4,673,000

5,502,600

5,153,100

4,431,200

4,145,100

Condensingboilersarehighlyefficienttechno-logiesthatprovideheatanddomestichotwaterbycapturingandreusingheatfromwatervaporproducedduringcombustion.Thisprocessensu-resthatmostoftheenergygeneratedisused

toheatthebuilding,makingthemmoreefficientthantraditionalboilers.Gasisthemostcom-

monfuelforcondensingboilers,thoughother

fuelsaresuitableforoff-gridbuildings.These

boilerscanbepairedwithsolarthermalsys-

tems,reducingfuelconsumptionby10-20%,andwhenpoweredbygreengaseslikebiomethaneandhydrogen,theycansignificantlylowerCO2emissions,aidingintheEU’sgoaltodecarbonizethebuildingsectorby2050.Maximumefficiencyisachievedwhencondensingboilersareinstalledwithhydronicbalancingandheatemitters.

1.2.Condensingboilers

Benefits:

?Readyforgreenliquidfuels.

?Thelargemajoritycanalreadyworkwithblendsofnatural(orgreen)gasandhydrogen.

?Fullycompatiblewith100%biome-thaneandsyntheticmethane.

?Developmentsareongoingtomakeboilerscapableofworkingwith

100%hydrogen.

?Upto35%CO2emissionsreducti-onswhenreplacingnon-condensingtechnology.

?Around20%energyefficiencygainsbymodernisingtheheatingsystem.

?Easycombinationwithrenewableheatingandsolarthermal.

?Gascondensingboilersrelyonexis-tinggasnetwork.

?Potentialtofurtherreducegreen-housegasemissionswithgreen

fuels.

2020

2019

Figure9

2021202220232024

CondensingboilersalesinAT,BE,DK,FR,DE,IT,NL,PL,ES,SE,CH,UK

Figure10Condensingboiler

20

1.3.Solarthermal

Solarthermaltechnologyharnessessunlightto

produceheat,whichcanbeusedforhotwater,hea-ting,orevencoolingbuildings.Mostsystemswork

alongsideaheater,likeacondensingboileroraheatpump,whichprovidesadditionalheatwhensolar

energyaloneisinsufficient.Insingle-familyhomes,

solarenergycancoverupto60%ofdomestichot

waterneeds.Atypicalsolarheatingsystemcon-

Figure11

sistsofroof-mountedsolarcollectors,ahotwaterstoragetank,acircuit,andaheatexchanger.Thesesystemscanalsosupplementcentralheating,redu-cingfuelconsumptionby10-30%,withhighersavingsinwell-insulatedorlow-energybuildings.Additio-

Solarthermal

nally,solarthermalsystemsshowgreatpotentialincooling,asdemandforcoolingoftencoincideswithperiodsofstr