必修第一冊(cè)

ExploringEnglish

?主題語境：人與自我（語言學(xué)習(xí)的規(guī)律、方法等）

自主學(xué)習(xí)夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)

Part1單元詞匯...................分類自測(cè)

1.highwaymaintenance公路

養(yǎng)護(hù)8.travelonthesubway坐地鐵

2.gasleak汽油泄漏出行

閱讀3.elevatorbuttons電梯按鈕9.onlineforum在線論壇

詞匯4.getseasick/airsick/carsick暈lO.aseriesofmisadventures二

—船/暈飛機(jī)/暈車連串的事故

語境5上roadmotorways寬闊的高速11.haveasorethroat喉嚨痛

識(shí)意公路12.takeoffboots脫下靴子

6.capitalizedletters大寫字母13.awickedwitch邪惡的女巫

7.alightspaciousapartment/flat14.oddbehavior古怪的行為

寬敞明亮的公寓

第一組：動(dòng)詞變形11.remindv,提醒，使想起

1.elevatev.提拔，提升；抬起一reminder兒提醒人的事物

—elevationn.高度，海拔；提拔第二組：形容詞和名詞變形

felevatorn.電梯，升降機(jī)12.visiblea力.看得見的,可見的

拓展2.create".倉ll造;倉ll作fcreationn.倉Uf（反義詞）invisible〃6?.看不見的

詞匯造；創(chuàng)作一creative她?.創(chuàng)造（性）的13.aware〃力?.意識(shí)到的，明白的

——creativityn.創(chuàng)造性，創(chuàng)造力一（反義詞）unaware。力.未察覺的，

變形3.reflectv.顯示，反映一reflection不知道的fawareness幾.認(rèn)識(shí)；意

拼寫n,反射；映像；反映freflectiveadj.識(shí)

反射的，反光的；沉思的14.informala力:（書寫或言談）非正

4.enterv,進(jìn)入fentrancen.大門式的f（反義詞）formalad/?.正式的

（口），入口（處）一entryn.進(jìn)入；參賽；fformallyado.正式地

條目15.typen.類型，種類ftypicala力.

5.confuse”.使迷惑;混淆,弄錯(cuò)典型的，有代表性的-typicallyadv.

—confusingQ力?.令人困惑的典型地，有代表性地

fconfused〃切?.困惑的;混亂的16.actuala力.真實(shí)的;實(shí)際的

一confusionn.混同；混淆factually。曲.事實(shí)上,實(shí)際上

6.behave況.表現(xiàn)；舉止得體17.likelya力.可能的,可能發(fā)生的

一behaviorn,舉止，行為f（反義詞）unlikelya力.難以相信

7.basev.以...為基礎(chǔ)fbased的；不大可能發(fā)生的

。力.（以某事）為基礎(chǔ)的fbasica力.基18.additionn.增加物，添加物

礎(chǔ)的；基本的fbasicallyado.基本上一additionaladj.另外的，額外的

fbasisn.基礎(chǔ)；準(zhǔn)則-^additionallyado.此外，另外

8.opposev.反對(duì)fopposing砌.（觀19.familiar。的?.熟悉的一（反義詞）

點(diǎn)、意見等）相反的，相對(duì)立的unfamiliaradj.不熟悉的，不了解的

一opposedadj.反對(duì)的—oppositeadj.ffamiliarityn.通曉；熟悉

對(duì)面的；相反的prep.在...對(duì)面2O.capitaln.資金；首都，省會(huì)；

n.對(duì)立面大寫字母fcapitalize用大寫字

9.recognises.認(rèn)識(shí)，辨認(rèn)出母書寫；把……首字母大寫

-^recognitionn.認(rèn)識(shí)；承認(rèn)fcapitalized大寫的

10.intendv.計(jì)劃，打算fintention學(xué)生用書第15頁

n.打算；意圖；目的

■掌握規(guī)律?詞匯拓展?

-ion多為名詞后綴，其相應(yīng)形容詞后綴可能是-ive。

①creation〃.創(chuàng)造，創(chuàng)建；作品一creative〃力?.創(chuàng)造（性）的，創(chuàng)作的；有創(chuàng)造力的?expression

n.表達(dá)，表示；表情一expressive〃的■.富于表情的，富于表現(xiàn)力的；表現(xiàn)的③communication

n.交流，溝通fcommunicative〃力愛說話的，健談的；交際的

核心1.（2024?新課標(biāo)I卷）Inaddition,I8.Whenenoughoftheseerrors

詞匯haveanoldtwo-volumecopyofthe（error）areaveragedtogether,they

ShorterOxfordDictionary,pickedupacanceleachotherout,resultingina

單句fewyearsagoinabookshopsaleformoreaccurateestimate.

應(yīng)用just99pence.9.EachARTSFIRSTfestivalisa

2.(2024?全國(guó)甲卷)Welookforwardtouniqueannualcelebrationofthe

welcomingyouasweshowcasetheHarvardcommunity?sartistic

creativity(creative)oftheHarvardartscreativity(create).

communitythroughperformances,artlO.Inafollow-upstudywith100

exhibitionsandart-makingactivities.universitystudents,theresearchers

3.(2024?新課標(biāo)I卷)1thoughtmytriedtogetabettersenseofwhatthe

pronunciationwastheproblem,soIgroupmembersactually(actual)did

explainedagainmoreslowly,butheintheirdiscussion.

stilllookedconfused(confuse).11.Withtheintention(intend)of

4.(2024?新課標(biāo)II卷)Thoseculturalbecomingfamousandrich,some

elementshaveincreasedStratford，sordinarypeoplearepreparingto

internationalvisibility(visible),saidtakepartinsomeTVshows.

Edmondson,addingthatvisitors12.WhenIstayedinthehotel,Ifelt

walkingthroughtheBirthplaceGardenveryboredsoIwound(wind)upthe

wereoftenamazedtofindthewatchandlistenedtoittick.

connectionbetweenthetwogreat13.Basically?hisincomeonlymeets

writers.basiclivingexpenses.Sohejust

5.(2024?浙江1月卷)Youcanalsofindchoosesasimplelifestylebasedon

studentsontheclassdiscussionboardhislimitedsalary.(base)

toorganize(organization)astudy14.Hejoinedtheorganizationwhich

group,orschedulein-personmeetingswasorganizedbythegreatleaderas

withyourprofessortodiscusscoursesoonasitwassetup.(organize)

concepts.15.Thechildbehavedsowellin

6.It'sbelievedthatwealthcanbeclassthattheteacherpraisedhis

created(create)throughhardwork.goodbehaviorinfrontof

7.1havealreadycompletedtheproject,others,(behave)

andadditionally(additional),Ihave學(xué)生用書第16頁

preparedapresentationtodisplayour

findings.

Part2短語句式.....................教材精選

I.選擇合適的短語并用其正確形式填空

beshortfor,beusedas,gooff,bemadeupof,calmdown,bereferredtoas,burnup/down,

beawareof,fillin/out,windup,comeacross,comeupwith,haveafroginone'sthroat,toone，s

astonishment,wonderat,speakof

1.Theterm"Dr.Tom“isshortfor"DoctorThomas9%whichishowheisformallyaddressedin

themedicalfield.

2.Whenthespaceshipre-enteredtheEarth'satmosphere,itstartedtobumup/downduetothe

intenseheatandfriction.

3.ThechemicalcompoundknownasH2Oiscommonlyreferredtoaswaterineveryday

language.

4.Beforesigningthecontract,it'simportanttobeawareofallthetermsandconditionsto

avoidanysurpriseslater.

5.Speakingofmyclass,IhavetosaythatIcantstandsomeclassmates，selfishness.

6.Shesaystheseactivitiesatbedtimecangetkidsallexcitedandmakeithardforthemtocalm

downandsleep.

7.Soshewentoffabout1,200milesawayfromhome,totrainwithacoachfromChina.

8.Registeronlineorfillout/inaGroupPlayRegistrationFormwithmultipledateandstarttime

options.

9.Whenyouwindupsomethingsuchasthewindowofacar,youmakeitmoveupwardsby

turningahandle.

10.Seeifyoucanreworkyourscheduleandcomeupwithpracticalwaystoreducethenumber

ofhoursyoureoncall.

n.根據(jù)所給漢語和要求完成下面的句子

1.（2024?新課標(biāo)I卷應(yīng)用文寫作）我們這些學(xué)生不僅獲得了一些實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)，而且還培養(yǎng)了

我們對(duì)藝術(shù)和自然的興趣?。╪otonly...butalso；倒裝句）

Notonlydidwestudentsgetsomehands-onexperience,butwealsodevelopedourinterestin

bothartandnature!

2.（2023?全國(guó)乙卷應(yīng)用文寫作）這就是我在五一期間學(xué)習(xí)烹飪的原因。（why引導(dǎo)的表語從

句）

ThatiswhyIlearnedhowtocookduringtheMayDayholiday.

3.就在那時(shí)，我意識(shí)到了我應(yīng)承擔(dān)的責(zé)任。（beawareof）

ItwasatthatmomentthatIbecame/wasawareoftheresponsibilityIwassupposedtoshoulder.

深度學(xué)習(xí)

Part1核心詞匯.....................多維練透

Ulikely(教材義)//.可能的，可能發(fā)生的；(補(bǔ)充義)。加大概，很可能

巧歸納

（l）sb/sthislikely/unlikelytodosth某人/某物很可能/不可能做某事

（2）Itislikely/unlikelythat…可能/不可能...

①Asyoungasagesix,girlsarelesslikelythanboystosay（say）thatmembersoftheirgender

areureally,reallysmart”.

②Insomecases,studentsaremorelikelytobeinfluenced（influence）bythefriendsaround

themthantheirteachers.

③［讀后續(xù)寫之主旨升華］一個(gè)表達(dá)關(guān)愛的小小舉動(dòng)可能會(huì)融化人們內(nèi)心的孤單。

Itislikelythatasmallgestureofcarewillmeltpeople，sloneliness.

④（2024?新課標(biāo)I卷）Whatworkedonaveterinarianseemedlikelytoworkonhispatients（似

乎對(duì)他的病人很有效）.

學(xué)生用書第17頁

Elreflect（教材義）0,顯示，反映；（補(bǔ)充義）。.反射（光、熱或聲音）；深思，反??；深思

后認(rèn)為，深思后說

巧歸納

(l)bereflectedinsth某物反映出...

(2)reflecton/uponsth思考某事；回憶某事

◎Reflection〃.反射；反映;映像；沉思，深思

belostinreflection陷入深思中

①Don'tbeafraidofmistakes.Youhavetolearnbyreflectingon/uponthem.

②［讀后續(xù)寫之動(dòng)作描寫］聽到我的話，他低下了頭，陷入沉思中。

Hearingmywords,hehunghishead,lostindeepreflection.

(3)(2024-新課標(biāo)I卷)However,formaximizinglearningwherementalfocusandreflection

(reflect)arecalledfor,educatorsshouldn，tassumeallmediaarethesame,evenwhentheycontain

identicalwords.

E］remindv.提醒，使...想起

巧歸納

(l)remindsbofsth提醒某人某事；使某人想起某事

(2)remindsbtodosth提醒某人做某事

(3)remind(sb)that/how/what…提醒(某人)...

(4)reminder〃.提醒物；引起回憶的事物

①Thosetomatoeshadtastethatreminded(remind)meoftheonesmyuncleusedtogrowwhen

Iwasachild.

②JennaremindedJefftoput(put)thecardtheyhadmadeonthebreakfasttray.

③［讀后續(xù)寫之主旨升華］它提醒我們，善良、慷慨的幫助和愛會(huì)影響他人并得到回報(bào)。

Itservesasareminder/Itremindsusthatkindness,generoushelpandlovewillinfluenceothers

andberewarded.

④(2024?新課標(biāo)H卷)Neighborswillbringmefreshlymadecheeseandwillcometomydoor

toremind(remind)metoclosethewindowinmycarwhenrainiscoming.

□intend(教材義)o.計(jì)戈U,打算；(補(bǔ)充義)o.意指，意思是；準(zhǔn)備，預(yù)留(作某種用途

或給某人用)

巧歸納

(l)intenddoing/todosth打算做某事

(2)intendsbtodosth打算讓某人做某事

(3)intendedadj.打算的，計(jì)劃的

beintendedfor/todo…專為...而設(shè)計(jì)；專供....使用的

(4)intentionn.打算；意圖

withan/theintentionof…打算...

havenointentiontodosth無意做某事

?Behindthesimplestyle,however,isaseriousmessageintended(intend)foreveryone.

②Ibenefitalotfromthecolumnintendedforteenagersinterestedinwesterncultures.

③［讀后續(xù)寫之心理描寫］我愣住了，拒絕會(huì)毀了我們的友誼，不是嗎？誠實(shí)第一，但我

無意拒絕他。

Ifroze.ltwouldruinourfriendshiptosay"No”,wouldn，tit?Honestycomesfirst,butIhaveno

intentiontorefusehim.

④(2024?浙江1月卷)ThelasttimeIusedaphoneboxforitsintended(intend)purpose

was...2006.

0recognise(教材義)v.認(rèn)識(shí)，辨認(rèn)出；(補(bǔ)充義)V.承認(rèn)，意識(shí)到；(正式或在法律上)

認(rèn)可；贊賞，公認(rèn)；表揚(yáng)，表彰

巧歸納

(l)berecognisedtobe/as...被認(rèn)為是...

(2)Itis(generally)recognisedthat…人們公認(rèn)...

(3)recognitionn.認(rèn)識(shí)；承認(rèn)

beyond/outof(all)recognition認(rèn)不出來

①Heisuniversallyrecognisedasoneofthegreatestscientistsintheworld.

②Asuddensmileofrecognition(recognise)flashedacrosshisface.

學(xué)生用書第18頁

③［讀后續(xù)寫之主旨升華］不要等到別人對(duì)你微笑你才對(duì)人友善，不要等到孤獨(dú)才明白朋

友的價(jià)值。

Don'twaitforasmiletobenice,anddon'twaittobelonelytorecognisethevalueofafriend.

④(2024?全國(guó)甲卷)Yourcatwilllikelysmellyourfaceandstorethesmellinitsmemoryand

useittorecognize(recognize)youinthefuture.

?beawareof意識(shí)到，察覺到

巧歸納

(l)be/becomeawareo%hat…很清楚...

(2)awarenessn.意識(shí)

raise/develop/arouseanawarenessof.??提高/培養(yǎng)/喚醒...的意識(shí)

①We'reallwellawareofhowdressingupindifferentwayscanmakeusfeelmoreattractive,

sportyorprofessional.

②Itisimportantthatstudentsdevelopanawareness（aware）ofhowtheInternetcanbeused.

③（2024?新課標(biāo)II卷）ThisiswhyCampbellhassetouttoraiseawareness（aware）ofAIandits

futurenow一severaldecadesbeforethesedevelopmentsareexpectedtotakeplace.

Part2經(jīng)典句式.....................寫作遷移

■句型公式：notonly???butalso...不僅...而且....

巧歸納

（1）用于連接兩個(gè)并列的句子或者句子并列成分，其中also可省略。

（2）notonly置于句首時(shí)，notonly后面的句子要部分倒裝。

（3）若連接的兩個(gè)成分作主語，其謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)通常與最近的主語保持一致。

①（2023?新課標(biāo)I卷）此外，它不僅會(huì)提高我們的英語溝通能力，而且還會(huì)建立我們的信心。

Moreover,notonlywillitimproveourEnglishcommunicationskills,butitwillalso/butitwill

buildourconfidence.

②［讀后續(xù)寫之場(chǎng)景和感受描寫］早晨的陽光照進(jìn)來，不僅照亮了我的房間，也溫暖了我

的心。

Themorningsunlightfloodedin,whichnotonlylitupmyroom,butalsowarmedmyheart.

③（2024.新課標(biāo)I卷）這節(jié)特殊的美術(shù)課不僅讓我沉浸在大自然的美麗中，而且讓我有機(jī)會(huì)

用畫筆在畫布上捕捉它。

Notonlydidthisspecialartclassallowmetoimmersemyselfinthebeautyofnaturebutalso

providedmewithanopportunitytocaptureitonthecanvaswithmypaintbrushes.

Part3語境辨義.....................舉一反三

I.熟詞生義（寫出句中加黑詞匯的詞性及漢語意思）

1.（2024?浙江1月卷）Then,whenyouuseonesection,theotherstaysfresh.".部分

2.（2024?全國(guó)甲卷）For10monthseveryyear,thetrainstopsatabouteightstationsovertwo

weeks,beforereturningtotheregionalcapitaltorefuelandrestock（未卜給）.〃.首府

3.（2024?新課標(biāo)I卷）Thegardenalsocontainsawindingpaththatguidesvisitorsthroughthe

twelveregionsoftheSilkRoad.o力.彎曲的，蜿蜒的

學(xué)生用書第19頁

4.（2023?新課標(biāo)I卷）YoucanalsobikealonglovelylandscapesoutsideofAmsterdam.況.騎自

行車

5.（2023?新課標(biāo)I卷）MacBikehasbeenaroundforalmost30yearsandisthebiggestbicycle

rentalcompanyinAmsterdam.odo.出現(xiàn)；可用

6.（2022?全國(guó)甲卷）Themoretimeyouspendinanygivencountry,themorecomfortable

you11begintofeelwithitsforeignculturalpractices.a力.特定的

7.Itwasbronchitis（支氣管炎）thatfinishedher,helpedbyaweekofNovemberfogand

Cressley，sindustrialdirtandsmoke.。力結(jié)束（生命）

8.Isaidwithsomeheat,"Lookhere,Nabin,激動(dòng)

II.一詞多義（選出下列單詞在句中的正確釋義）

1.reflect

A.o.顯示，反映B.o.映照

C.o.深思D.o.反射

①Thequalityoftheworkreflectstheskillofthecraftsman.A

②Thesun，sraysarereflectedoffthesurfaceofthewater.D

③Aftertheargument,shereflectedonherownbehavior.C

2.aim

A.九目的B.o.瞄準(zhǔn)

C.o.旨在D.o.力求達(dá)到

①Thenewpolicyaimstoreducecarbonemissions.C

②Iwasaimingatthetreebuthitthecarbymistake.B

（3）Sheaimedtofinishtheprojectbeforethedeadline.D

隨堂鞏固

I.語篇語境綜合練（語境創(chuàng)新一詞匯再練）

LearningEnglishcanbeanexcitingjourney.Oneofthefirstthingsyounoticeisthewiderange

ofwordswithdifferentmeanings.Somewordshaveopposingdefinitions,whichcanbe1.confusing

（confuse）atfirst.ButthisiswhatmakesEnglishunique.

Whenyoustartanewdayoflearning,youmightsetanalarmtowakeupearly.Thisisagreat

way2,toreflect(reflect)onyourdailyschedule.Englishhelpsimproveyour3,creativity(creative)by

lettingyouplaywithwordsandsentences.

Therearemany4.types(type)ofEnglishwordsandphrases,andtheirorganizationcanbe

tricky.lt's5.likely(like)thatyouwillfindsomegrammarrulesconfusingatfirst.6.Inaddition,

Englishidiomsmightbepuzzling.Forexample,"'breakingtheice“hasnothingtodowithactualice!

Remindingyourselftopracticedailycanhelpalot.7.Oddly(odd),sometimesmakingmistakes

canincreaseyour8.awareness(aware)ofthelanguage.Languagelearningisbasedonregular

practiceandexposure.Wordsarenotjust9.intended(intend)tocommunicate；theyactuallyhelpyou

understandculture,history,andthoughtsofpeople.KeepIQ.exploring(explore)English,andenjoy

everystepofthiswonderfuljourney!

II.真題難句拓展練(剖析長(zhǎng)句一精準(zhǔn)翻譯)

1.(2024?新課標(biāo)II卷)Inthewronghands,suchabookcouldproveascomplicatedtoprocessas

thecomputercode(代碼)thatpowersAIbut,thankfully,Campbellhasmorethantwodecades'

professionalexperiencetranslatingtheheadyintotheunderstandable.

［剖析］本句為but連接的并列復(fù)合句。but前面的分句是主從復(fù)合句，句子主干為主系表

結(jié)構(gòu)abookcouldproveascomplicated,句中使用了such...

學(xué)生用書第20頁

as...結(jié)構(gòu)，且包含一個(gè)定語從句thatpowersAL修飾thecomputercode。but后面的分句是簡(jiǎn)單

句，為主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)Campbellhasmorethantwodecades'professionalexperience,其后為動(dòng)詞-ing

形式短語作定語。

［翻譯］這本書如果落入不當(dāng)之手，處理起來可能會(huì)像驅(qū)動(dòng)人工智能的計(jì)算機(jī)代碼一樣復(fù)

雜，但值得慶幸的是，Campbell擁有二十多年的專業(yè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，可以將枯燥的內(nèi)容轉(zhuǎn)化為通俗易

懂的內(nèi)容。

2.(2024?全國(guó)甲卷)HesuggestedIthinkaboutthedifferencebetweenendingsthatIwantedfor

thecharactersandendingsthatwererightforthecharacters,endingsthatsatisfiedthestoryevenif

theydidn，thaveatraditionallypositiveoutcome.

［剖析］本句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。句子主干為主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)Hesuggested...outcome,其賓語

為從句，省略了引導(dǎo)詞that。該從句的主干也是主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)Ithinkaboutthedifference,think

前省略了should；其后between...and...結(jié)構(gòu)作定語，修飾thedifference；后面的that引導(dǎo)定語

從句，均修飾前面的endings。evenif引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。

［翻譯］他建議我思考我想要的角色結(jié)局和適合角色的結(jié)局之間的區(qū)別，即滿足故事需要

的結(jié)局，即使這些結(jié)局不是傳統(tǒng)意義上的美滿結(jié)局。

3.（2023?新課標(biāo)II卷）Namingeachnatureexperiencecreatesausablelanguage,whichhelps

peoplerecognizeandtakepartintheactivitiesthataremostsatisfyingandmeaningfultothem.

陪l］析］本句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。句子主干為主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)Namingeachnatureexperience

createsausablelanguage,其中主語是動(dòng)詞-ing形式短語Namingeachnatureexperience；which

引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾ausablelanguage；that引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾activities。

［翻譯］命名每一種自然體驗(yàn)創(chuàng)造了一種可用的語言，這有助于人們認(rèn)識(shí)并參與到對(duì)他們

來說最令人滿意和最有意義的活動(dòng)中。

情境遷移

I.應(yīng)用文寫作增分練——語言學(xué)習(xí)（咨詢?nèi)绾螌W(xué)好英語）

結(jié)合本單元話題，用單元詞匯、經(jīng)典句型完成下面的應(yīng)用文寫作，并背誦。

［基礎(chǔ)語料］

單元詞匯confusing,aware,actually,intend,remind；inaddition

經(jīng)典句型beawarethat...;find+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語；強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語

［情境呈現(xiàn)］

假定你是李華，請(qǐng)你給你的英國(guó)筆友Henry寫一封郵件，談?wù)勀銓?duì)英語學(xué)習(xí)的困惑并尋求

建議。

［思路點(diǎn)撥］

人稱第一和第二人稱

時(shí)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

內(nèi)容要首段點(diǎn)明寫信目的一中段提出自己的困惑并請(qǐng)求幫助一末

點(diǎn)線索段結(jié)語

［寫作輸出］

DearHenry,

Howareyoudoing?IamwritingtoaskyoutodomeafavortohelpimprovemyEnglish.

Recently(l)1findsomeEnglishgrammarandidiomsalittleconfusing(我發(fā)現(xiàn)一些英語語

法和習(xí)語有點(diǎn)令人困惑;confusing;find復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))tounderstand.(2)AlthoughIamawarethat(盡

管我意識(shí)至（J;aware;狀語從句）therearemanydifferencesbetweenAmericanEnglishandBritish

English,（3）1havenoideawhichtofollow（我不知道遵循哪一種;noidea；疑問詞+動(dòng)詞不定

式）.（4）］naddition,somepeopleremindmetowatchsomeEnglishmovies（止匕夕卜，有些人提醒我

看一些英語電影；由addition,remind）orTVprograms,butdoesitmatter?（5）Actually,Idointend

toimprovemyEnglish（事實(shí)上,我確實(shí)想提高我的英語水平;actually；intend；強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語）soIhope

Icangetsomehelpfromyouassoonaspossible.

Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.

Yours,

LiHua

學(xué)生用書第21頁

［變式表達(dá)］

用it形式賓語句型改寫句（1）。

IfinditalittleconfusingtounderstandsomeEnglishgrammarandidioms.

n.讀后續(xù)寫微點(diǎn)練——學(xué)校英語寫作比賽（驚訝震驚）

［基礎(chǔ)語料］

astonished驚訝的

shocked震驚的

stunned驚呆了的

amazed驚奇的

dumbfounded驚訝得說不出話來的

詞匯

disbeliefn.不信，懷疑

bestruckdumb啞口無言

hardtotakein讓人難以接受

atalossforwords驚訝得說不出話來

stareatsb/sthindisbelief難以置信地盯著某人/某物看

句式with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)；can'twaitto

l.Hereyeswidenedinastonishmentwhenshesawtheamountonthe

paycheck.當(dāng)她看到工資單上的數(shù)字時(shí)，驚訝地睜大了眼睛。

2.Theaudiencewasstunnedintosilencebythemagician'sfinaltrick.魔

術(shù)師的最后一個(gè)把戲讓觀眾們驚訝得鴉雀無聲。

細(xì)節(jié)3.1wasdumbfoundedbythecomplexityoftheproblem.問題之復(fù)雜讓

描寫我目瞪口呆。

4.Thesuddennoisemadehimjumpinsurprise.

突如其來的噪音讓他驚訝地跳了起來。

5.Shewastakenabackbyhisimmediateresponse.

他直截了當(dāng)?shù)幕卮鹱屗蟪砸惑@。

［情境呈現(xiàn)］

(2023?新課標(biāo)I卷?讀后續(xù)寫)

“我”來自巴西，英語是“我”的第二語言一“我”不喜歡寫作一老師鼓勵(lì)“我”參加寫

作比賽一“我”一遍又一遍地寫文章，終于完成了比賽一……

［思路點(diǎn)撥］

文體：記敘文人稱：第一人稱時(shí)態(tài)：過去時(shí)為主

續(xù)寫思路：根據(jù)第一段首句Afewweekslater,whenIalmost

forgotthecontest,therecamethenews.可知，接下來主要寫"我”

獲獎(jiǎng)的消息以及感受等。

［寫作輸出］

Afewweekslater,whenIalmostforgotthecontest,therecamethenews.Iwonfirstplaceand

wasinvitedtoattendtheawardpresentation.Thatwasthefirsttimeinmychattylife(1)1wasstruck

dumb,inanylanguage(不管用什么語言，我都驚呆了).EvenImyselfdidn'tbelievethe

news.(2)Myclassmatesstaredatmeindisbelief同學(xué)們難以置信地盯著我wasthrilledwith

theresult,withahorserumiinginmyheart(我對(duì)這個(gè)結(jié)果激動(dòng)不已，心中有一匹駿馬在奔跑；

with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)).(4)1couldn'twaittotellthegoodnewstomysocialstudiestvacher(我迫不及待地

想和我的社會(huì)學(xué)老師分享這個(gè)好消息；can'twaitto).

［變式表達(dá)］

用beeager,share改寫句(4)。

Iwaseagertosharethegoodnewswithmysocialstudiesteacher.

對(duì)應(yīng)學(xué)生

單元測(cè)評(píng)2Unit2ExploringEnglish

用書P361

（時(shí)間：30分鐘滿分：35分）

（本欄目?jī)?nèi)容在學(xué)生用書中以活頁形式分冊(cè)裝訂?。?/p>

I.閱讀理解（本題共8個(gè)小題，每小題2.5分，共20分）

A

（2025?江蘇省南京市協(xié)同體聯(lián)考）

Thewaydifferentlanguagessoundmaydependonthegeographyofthelandscapeonwhich

they'respoken,newresearchsuggests.

Astudyofmorethan550languagesaroundtheworldfoundthattonguesspokenin

high-altituderegionscontainmoresoundscalled“electiveconsonants",soundsmadewithaburst

ofair,thanlanguagesclosertosealevel.

“Ejectivesmaybemorecommonintheseregionsbecausethesoundsareeasiertoproduce

there,orpossiblybecausetheyminimizewaterlossfromthemouthindry,high-altitude

environments,“saidstudyauthorCalebEverett,ananthropological（人類學(xué)的）linguistatthe

UniversityofMiami.

Traditionally,linguistshaveassumedthatgeographydoesn51playaroleinshapinglanguages,

withtheexceptionofvocabularyspecifictocertainenvironmentsorwildlife.Ahandfulofsmall

studieshavesuggestedthatlanguagesinwarmclimatesusemorevowelsthanlanguagesincold

climates,butthefindingsarecontroversial.

Everettsetouttoinvestigatehowotheraspectsofgeography,namelyaltitude,mightbelinked

tocertainsoundsinalanguage-specifically,ejectives.Everettsuspectedthatejectivesmightbe

morecommonathighaltitudes,wherethelowerairpressurewouldmakethemeasiertoproduce.

Totestthishypothesis（假說）,Everettanalyzedphonemedataon567languagesfromtheWorld

AtlasofLinguisticStructuresOnlineHecomparedthedatatothealtitudeswherethelanguageswere

spoken,obtainedusinggeographicmappingsoftware.Languagescontainingejectivesoundswere

foundtooccuratornearfiveofthesixmajorinhabitedhigh-altituderegions,includinginNorthand

SouthAmerica,southernAfricaandEurasia,Everettfound.

Hetheorizedthatlanguagesathighaltitudesmayhaveevolvedtohaveejectivesoundsbecause

lesseffortisrequiredtoproducetheseburstsofairinthinneratmospheres.Alternatively,speakingin

ejectivesmightexpel(MF出)lesswatervaporfromthemouth,allowingwatertobeconservedin

typicallydryhigh-altitudeenvironments.Everett?sfindingswerebasedonbasiccalculationsofthe

airpressureneededtomakethesesounds.

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇科學(xué)報(bào)道。文章探討了高海拔地區(qū)語言中噴氣音較多的現(xiàn)象,

可能與空氣稀薄和水分保持有關(guān)。

1.WhatdidEverett5sstudyfocuson?

A.Theeffectsofwarmclimatesonlanguage.

B.Theimpactofhighaltitudesonhumanspeech.

C.Theevolutionofejectiveconsonants.

D.Thelinkbetweengeographyandlanguagesounds.

答案：D

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知，該項(xiàng)研究的作者Everett的研究聚焦于地理環(huán)

境，第二段內(nèi)容開始強(qiáng)調(diào)特別是海拔高度與語言中特定聲音(即“ejectiveconsonants”)之間的聯(lián)

系。研究探討了不同地理環(huán)境下語言聲音的差異，因此，選項(xiàng)D正確。

2.Whatmightbethereasonsformoreejectiveconsonantsinlanguagesspokeninhigh-altitude

regions?

A.Theyareeasiertohearinthinair.

B.Theyarerelatedtocertainwildlife.

C.Theyhelpreducewaterlossinthemouth.

D.Theyareeasiertoproduceinthickatmospheres.

答案：C

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中"becausetheyminimizewaterlossfromthemouthindry,

high-altitudeenvironments...^可知，高海拔地區(qū)的語言中ejectiveconsonants更常見可能是因?yàn)?/p>

這些聲音在稀薄的空氣中更容易產(chǎn)生，或者因?yàn)樗鼈冊(cè)诟稍锏母吆０苇h(huán)境中最小化了口腔水分

的流失。因此，選項(xiàng)C正確。

3.WhatisParagraph6mainlyabout?

A.ThecontroversysurroundingEverett'shypothesis.

B.ThescientificbasisforEverett，sresearch.

C.Thedistributionofejectivesounds.

D.Theresearchmethodsandfindings.

答案：D

解析：段落大意題。根據(jù)第六段內(nèi)容可知，本段主要描述了Everett的研究方法和發(fā)現(xiàn)。

他分析了來自世界語言結(jié)構(gòu)在線圖譜的567種語言的音素?cái)?shù)據(jù)，并將其與這些語言被使用地區(qū)

的海拔高度進(jìn)行比較。

4.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?

A.Ageographytextbook.

B-Alinguisticresearchpaper.

C.Anexperimentreport.

D?Aculturalmagazine.

答案：B

解析：文章出處題。通讀全文可知，本文討論了語言、地理和人類學(xué)之間的關(guān)系，這是語

言學(xué)研究論文的典型主題。它包含了研究假設(shè)、方法、數(shù)據(jù)分析和結(jié)論，這些都是學(xué)術(shù)論文的

常見組成部分。

B

（2024?廣州高三綜測(cè)）

MyfatherstartedlearningFrenchat57,drawnbythepotentialbenefitsofbilingualismin

delayingdementia（癡呆癥）.Now,20yearslater,hesonhisthirdteacher.Manypeople,likemy

father,haveattemptedtopickupanewlanguage.Butcanthisreallyboostbrainhealth?

Accordingtoexperts,regularlyusinganewlanguagebringscognitive（認(rèn)知的）benefits.If

you，retryingtorecalltherightwordsinanotherlanguage,yourbrainisforcedtoinhibityour

mothertongue.Thisprocess,calledcognitiveinhibition,helpsimproveyourbrainfunction.Repeating

thisprocessmakesyourbrainmoreresistanttodiseaseslikedementia.Themoreyouchallengeyour

brain,thebetteritfunctions,evenifyourbrainhealthstartstodecline.

However,evidenceforthebenefitsoflearningasecondlanguageinyour60sis

weaker.ResearchbyDr.LeoAntonioufoundthatolderItalianswhotookEnglishlessonsforfour

monthsdidn'tseeanydifferenceintheircognitionscores,butpeoplewhodidn，tsawtheirscores

decline.Prof.DianaSmith5s2023studiesfoundsimilarresults.

Researchersofferedafewpotentialexpl