PAGE12025年新高一英語暑假提升精品講義（人教版2019）專題08閱讀理解提分引擎(題型解法與長難句拆解指南)內(nèi)容導(dǎo)航考點(diǎn)聚焦：核心考點(diǎn)，有的放矢重點(diǎn)速記：知識點(diǎn)和重難點(diǎn)梳理，查漏補(bǔ)缺高頻考點(diǎn)：模擬新題+提升專練，全面突破模擬精煉：知識點(diǎn)和關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練，能力提升考點(diǎn)聚焦考點(diǎn)（一）閱讀理解題型解法考點(diǎn)（二）閱讀理解長難句拆解技巧考點(diǎn)（三）閱讀理解避坑指南秘訣考點(diǎn)（四）閱讀理解題易錯點(diǎn)及應(yīng)對指南考點(diǎn)（五）閱讀理解提分解題策略考點(diǎn)（六）閱讀理解實(shí)戰(zhàn)模擬精煉重點(diǎn)速記考點(diǎn)（一） 閱讀理解題型解法高考英語閱讀理解要想提分,需掌握各類題型解法,以下是詳細(xì)介紹：閱讀理解題型解法:（一）事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題解題方法：（1）尋讀法。先看試題，再讀文章，對有關(guān)信息進(jìn)行快速定位，將相關(guān)信息整合、甄別、分析、對比，排除干擾項，選出正確答案。此方法適用于圖形表格類題材。（2）注意事項：抓住事件的時間、地點(diǎn)、人物、發(fā)展過程和結(jié)局等環(huán)節(jié)，答案要符合原文，不可望文生義。同時，注意句子的邏輯關(guān)系，關(guān)注表因果、轉(zhuǎn)折等關(guān)系的功能詞。（二）猜測詞義題解題方法:（1）根據(jù)定義或解釋說明：在有be，becalled，call等判斷詞的判斷句中，或定語從句及標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號處，可根據(jù)已知部分猜測生詞含義。（2）根據(jù)對比關(guān)系：在but,however,yet等表示意義轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞出現(xiàn)的句子中,可根據(jù)前后詞的對比關(guān)系猜詞。通過因果關(guān)系：利用because，since，as，so等連接原因狀語從句或結(jié)果狀語從句的連詞，依據(jù)已知部分通過因果關(guān)系猜詞。（4）根據(jù)生活常識：運(yùn)用邏輯推理能力和自身生活經(jīng)驗及常識，聯(lián)系上下文能讀懂的部分來猜詞。（5）根據(jù)同等關(guān)系：當(dāng)一個詞、一組詞或短語在句中作同一成分，且詞義屬于同一范疇，中間常用并列連詞and或or連接時，可根據(jù)同等關(guān)系猜詞。（5）根據(jù)列舉的事例：通過文中列舉的事例來猜測生詞的含義。（三）主旨大意題解題方法：通過串聯(lián)首段和各段首句來把握文章主旨，優(yōu)先選擇包含“首段核心詞+尾段態(tài)度詞”的選項，排除含單一細(xì)節(jié)的選項。注意事項：要避免以段落細(xì)節(jié)代替全文中心，需從整體上把握文章內(nèi)容。（四）推理判斷題解題方法：在原文依據(jù)旁用“?”標(biāo)注推論，從原文出發(fā)，合理推斷，避免主觀臆斷。注意事項：不可過度推理，答案應(yīng)基于原文信息，是對原文內(nèi)容的合理引申?？键c(diǎn)（二） 閱讀理解長難句拆解技巧長難句拆解指南:（一）“主謂賓拆解法”三步通關(guān)抓主干：用橫線劃出主語和謂語動詞，明確句子核心。如“Theteam___discoveredanewmethod...”，先找出“team”是主語，“discovered”是謂語動詞。拆修飾：用括號括起從句、分詞短語等修飾成分，簡化句子結(jié)構(gòu)。例如“whospentyearsresearching”這樣的定語從句，可將其視為修飾成分括起來，暫時不看，以突出句子主干。標(biāo)邏輯：用符號標(biāo)記轉(zhuǎn)折（▲）、因果（★）、例證（◆）等關(guān)系。如“▲However,★duetoclimatechange,◆suchasrisingtemperature...”，通過標(biāo)記邏輯關(guān)系詞，更清晰地理解句子之間的關(guān)系。每日訓(xùn)練：選取3個真題長難句，用不同顏色筆區(qū)分主干與修飾，如主語用黃色、謂語用紅色、從句用綠色，拍照留存對比進(jìn)步，以增強(qiáng)對長難句的理解和分析能力?？键c(diǎn)（三） 閱讀理解避坑指南秘訣高考英語閱讀理解的避坑指南秘訣：（一）認(rèn)清干擾項特點(diǎn)無中生有：選項內(nèi)容在文章中沒有任何依據(jù)，是命題者憑空捏造的。如:2023年新高考I卷中，題目問“WhydidJohnputthesludgeintothetanks?”有選項說“Toprotecttheplants.”，但原文未提及植物需要保護(hù)，屬于無中生有。（1）偷換概念：選項中的關(guān)鍵詞與原文相似，但意思被改變。比如原文說的是某種產(chǎn)品的“quality”（質(zhì)量）很好，選項中卻換成了“quantity”（數(shù)量）很多。（2）因果倒置：選項中因果關(guān)系與原文相反。若原文是“A導(dǎo)致B”，選項可能變成“B導(dǎo)致A”。（3）絕對化表述：使用“all”“always”“never”“must”等極端詞的選項，通常要謹(jǐn)慎對待，因為這類表述過于絕對，不符合原文的意思。（4）范圍擴(kuò)大或縮?。哼x項比原文描述的范圍更寬泛或更具體。如原文說的是“somestudents”（一些學(xué)生），選項變成了“allstudents”（所有學(xué)生），這就屬于范圍擴(kuò)大。（5）主觀推測：選項內(nèi)容是基于原文的過度推理，并非直接信息。如原文只是說某人做了某件事，選項卻推斷出這個人有某種特定的性格特點(diǎn)，而原文中并沒有相關(guān)暗示。（6）混淆信息：采用原文的部分詞匯，但改變了句意，將不同地方的信息拼湊在一起，造成誤導(dǎo)。（二）掌握正確閱讀方法和答題步驟閱讀方法：運(yùn)用略讀了解文章主旨大意和結(jié)構(gòu)框架，通過掃讀快速定位關(guān)鍵信息，對于重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容進(jìn)行精讀，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)和邏輯關(guān)系。答題步驟：先看題干，明確題目類型和要求，劃出關(guān)鍵詞；然后帶著問題讀文章，根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞定位相關(guān)信息；最后結(jié)合原文內(nèi)容，仔細(xì)分析選項，排除干擾項，選擇正確答案。（三）其他注意事項（1）注意文章結(jié)構(gòu)和邏輯關(guān)系：了解總分、對比、舉例、數(shù)據(jù)引用等不同結(jié)構(gòu)段落的特點(diǎn)和作用，關(guān)注轉(zhuǎn)折、因果、并列等邏輯關(guān)系詞，有助于更好地理解文章和把握考點(diǎn)。（2）合理分配時間：簡單的細(xì)節(jié)定位題耗時不超過1分鐘，難題如主旨推斷題控制在2.5分鐘以內(nèi)，避免在某一道題上花費(fèi)過多時間，影響整體答題進(jìn)度。（3）認(rèn)真檢查:核對選項是否答非所問，特別注意代詞指代是否準(zhǔn)確，避免因粗心大意而丟分。考點(diǎn)（四）熟悉各題型易錯點(diǎn)及應(yīng)對方法（1）主旨大意題易錯點(diǎn)：容易被細(xì)節(jié)干擾，誤把段落大意當(dāng)作文章主旨；對文章整體把握不夠，選擇的選項過于片面或過于寬泛。應(yīng)對方法：重點(diǎn)閱讀首段和尾段，關(guān)注每段的首句或尾句，尋找主題句。同時，要學(xué)會歸納總結(jié)，排除那些只涉及局部信息的選項。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題易錯點(diǎn)：忽略題干中的限定詞，導(dǎo)致定位錯誤；對原文信息理解不準(zhǔn)確，被選項中的干擾信息迷惑。應(yīng)對方法：用題干中的關(guān)鍵詞回文定位，找到原文出處后，仔細(xì)核對選項與原文的細(xì)節(jié)，注意同義替換，確保信息準(zhǔn)確無誤，不曲解、不夸大。（3）推理判斷題易錯點(diǎn)：過度推理，加入自己的主觀想法，超出了原文所給信息的范圍；對文章中的暗示信息理解不到位，無法進(jìn)行合理推斷。應(yīng)對方法：識別關(guān)鍵詞，分析上下文邏輯關(guān)系，尋找如情感詞、因果關(guān)系等暗示信息。答案必須基于文中信息，避免過度推測。（4）詞義猜測題易錯點(diǎn)：脫離上下文語境，僅憑對單詞的常規(guī)理解來選擇答案；對上下文的提示信息把握不準(zhǔn)確，導(dǎo)致猜錯詞義。應(yīng)對方法：結(jié)合上下文，尋找解釋、對比、因果等提示信息，還可以根據(jù)詞根、前后綴來推測詞義。將選項代入原文，看是否符合語境和邏輯。（5）指代關(guān)系題易錯點(diǎn)：沒有準(zhǔn)確理解上下文邏輯，找錯指代對象；對代詞的語法功能和指代規(guī)則不熟悉。應(yīng)對方法：向前尋找指代對象，通常是前一句的某個名詞或概念，確保指代對象在邏輯上與代詞一致。（6）作者態(tài)度題易錯點(diǎn)：不能準(zhǔn)確把握作者的情感傾向，被文中其他人的觀點(diǎn)所干擾；對表示態(tài)度的詞匯理解不準(zhǔn)確，導(dǎo)致判斷錯誤。應(yīng)對方法：關(guān)注文中的情感詞，如“fortunately”“surprisingly”“unfortunately”“doubtfully”等，分析作者用詞的褒貶色彩，從而判斷作者的態(tài)度，排除極端選項?？键c(diǎn)（五） 閱讀理解提分解題策略高考英語閱讀理解提分引擎的提分解題策略（一）題型通用技巧先看題干，明確題型和重點(diǎn)：快速瀏覽題目，判斷題目類型，如細(xì)節(jié)題、主旨題、推斷題、詞義猜測題等。明確題目所問內(nèi)容，圈出關(guān)鍵詞，如人名、地名、數(shù)字、時間、關(guān)鍵動詞或名詞等，帶著問題去讀文章，有針對性地尋找答案。（二）學(xué)會定位，結(jié)合原文作答：根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞，在文章中找到與之相關(guān)的段落或句子，這就是答案的定位區(qū)域。仔細(xì)閱讀定位區(qū)域的上下文，理解其含義，與選項進(jìn)行對比分析，選擇與原文意思最相符的選項。注意，答案一定是基于原文內(nèi)容，不能憑主觀臆斷或常識來答題。（三）善用排除，縮小選擇范圍：對于不確定的題目，可通過排除法縮小選擇范圍。排除與原文內(nèi)容不符、與題目要求無關(guān)、過于絕對或不合理的選項。有些選項可能只包含部分正確信息，或者偷換概念、以偏概全，要仔細(xì)辨別。（四）閱讀方法技巧1、略讀：快速瀏覽文章標(biāo)題、首尾段、每段首句以及圖片、圖表等，了解文章的主旨大意、結(jié)構(gòu)框架和主要內(nèi)容，明確文章的題材和體裁，為進(jìn)一步閱讀做好準(zhǔn)備。2、掃讀：在略讀的基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)題目要求，有針對性地在文中尋找特定的信息，如人名、地名、數(shù)字、日期等。眼睛快速掃視文章，忽略無關(guān)信息，只關(guān)注與題目相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，提高閱讀效率。3、精讀：對于文章中的關(guān)鍵段落、長難句以及與題目相關(guān)的細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容，要進(jìn)行精讀。仔細(xì)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，理解每個單詞和短語的含義，把握句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系，從而準(zhǔn)確理解文章的深層含義。考點(diǎn)（六） 閱讀理解實(shí)戰(zhàn)模擬精煉Passage01（24-25高一上·安徽蕪湖·開學(xué)考試）Songbirdsdohaveaperfectvoice.Everyspeciesofbirdwakesupataveryparticulartimeinthemorningandbeginstosing.Thisisbecauseeachspecieshasitsownspecificwakingstimulus(刺激),whichislinkedtothebrightnessofthesunlight.Likehumanbeingswhohavetolearntospeak,birdsalsohavetolearnhowtosing.Theydothisinseveralstages.First,theypracticevoicesandsounds,whichiscomparabletotheearlystageinhumanlanguagedevelopment.Duringthesecondstage,thebirdspracticetheirsongforeighttoninemonths,untilmemoryandpracticematchup.Thesingingisstrengthenedduringthefinalstage.Althoughnightingalesgottheirnameasaresultoftheirsingingatnight,notallnightingalessingatnight.Generally,bothmalesandfemalessingduringtheday.Thenightsongisusedmainlyforseekingpartners.Aftersucceedinginattractingafemale,themalenightingalefallssilentanddoesn’tstarthissongagainuntiltheearlymorning.Birdsareseasonalsingers.Weonlyhearnumerouskindsofbirdconcertsbetweenspringandhighsummer.Thisisthetimewhenbirdsarelookingforpartners,andwhenthemalesaimtomarkouttheirterritory(地盤).Evenafterfindingapartner,malescontinuetosingwhentheyareshowingtheiroffspring(幼崽)howtosing.Birdsdon’tallsingaswellasothers,notevenwithinaspecies(物種).Thesongofabirdin

LondonwillbequitedifferentfromthatofabirdinParisorBerlin.Althoughthemembersofeachbirdspeciesshareavocabularyofsounds,dialectal(方言的)differencesarequitecommon.Theindividualdialectsarenotnaturalbutarelearntwhilebirdsarestillyoung,justaschildrenadoptthedialectoftheirparents.Theyoungbirdsalwayssingaswellorasbadlyastheirteachers,whosestyleandtalentaredifferentfromareatoarea.1．Whydodifferentspeciesofbirdssingatdifferenttimesinthemorning?A．Theyhavedifferentmodelsofmemory.B．Theypreferdifferentweatherconditions.C．Theyreacttothebrightnessdifferently.D．Theyhavedifferentreferenceobjectsofwakingup.2．What’sthemainreasonforthemalenightingale’ssingingatnight?A．Toenlargeitsterritory. B．Toteachitsoffspring.C．Todriveenemiesaway. D．Todrawfemales’attention.3．Whatmainlydeterminesabird’ssoundofsinging?A．Itsinborntalent. B．Itslearningability.C．Itsspecies’popularity. D．Itsgrowingenvironment.4．Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A．TheScienceofBirds’SingingB．LanguageDevelopmentofBirdsC．TheSeasonalChangeofBirdsongsD．TheDifferenceofDialectsinBirdCommunication【答案】1．C2．D3．D4．A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了鳥類歌唱的科學(xué)，包括不同鳥類歌唱時間不同的原因、夜鶯夜間歌唱的主要原因、決定鳥類歌唱聲音的主要因素等。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Thisisbecauseeachspecieshasitsownspecificwakingstimulus(刺激),whichislinkedtothebrightnessofthesunlight.(這是因為每種鳥類都有自己特定的喚醒刺激，這與陽光的亮度有關(guān)。)”可知，不同種類的鳥在早上不同的時間唱歌是因為它們對陽光的亮度反應(yīng)不同。故選C項。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thenightsongisusedmainlyforseekingpartners.(夜曲主要用于尋找伴侶。)”可知，雄性夜鶯在夜間歌唱的主要原因是吸引雌性的注意。故選D項。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Althoughthemembersofeachbirdspeciesshareavocabularyofsounds,dialectal(方言的)differencesarequitecommon.Theindividualdialectsarenotnaturalbutarelearntwhilebirdsarestillyoung,justaschildrenadoptthedialectoftheirparents.(雖然每種鳥類的成員都有一套共同的聲音詞匯，但方言的差異是很常見的。個體方言不是天生的，而是在鳥類還小的時候?qū)W到的，就像孩子采用父母的方言一樣。)”可知，決定鳥類歌唱聲音的主要因素是它的生長環(huán)境。故選D項。4．主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Songbirdsdohaveaperfectvoice.Everyspeciesofbirdwakesupataveryparticulartimeinthemorningandbeginstosing.(鳴禽確實(shí)有一副好嗓子。每種鳥類都在早上一個特定的時間醒來，開始唱歌。)”可知，文章主要講述了關(guān)于鳥類歌唱的科學(xué)，包括不同鳥類歌唱時間不同的原因、夜鶯夜間歌唱的主要原因、決定鳥類歌唱聲音的主要因素等，所以A項“TheScienceofBirds’Singing(鳥類歌唱的科學(xué))”適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選A項。Passage02（24-25高一下·河北衡水·開學(xué)考試）Dogshavebeenhumans’bestfriendsforthousandsofyears,andtheirabilitytounderstandusgoesmorethanjustfollowingorders.Dogsarereallygoodatunderstandinghowhumansfeel.They’velearnedtopickuponwordsandfacialexpressionsfromhumans.Arecentstudyhasshownthatdogscanactuallysmellhumanstressandrespond(反應(yīng))toitinwaysthatsuggestacloserelationshipwithushumans.Thisinterestingdiscoverythrowslightonhowdeeplycloseourliveshavebecomewithourdogfriends.So,candogsreallysmellstress?Theanswerisyes!ResearchersattheUniversityofBristoldidastudywheretheyfoundthatdogscansensestressthroughachemicalcalledcortisol(皮質(zhì)醇)inoursweat.Thisabilityallowsthemtorespondemotionallytohumanstress.Inthestudy,18volunteersandtheirdogstookpart.Thesevolunteerswentthroughpublicspeakingandtooktestsofsolvingdifficultmathproblemswithoutanypreparation.Theirworrymademorecortisolappearintheirsweat.Whenthedogssmelledthisstressedsweat,theyfeltlesscuriousandshowedlessinterestinafoodbowlinanuncertainposition,asiftheythoughttherewasnofoodinthosebowls.Itseemsthatdogscanreallyfeelthestressofhumansandtheirownfeelingscanbeaffected,too.Thisshowsthathumansanddogshaveaverydeepconnection,whereemotionscanspreadbetweenuslikeawave.Thenhowdiddogsdevelopsuchabilitytosensestress?Well,itmightbebecausesensingstresshelpeddogssurviveinthepast.Iftheycouldtellwhenanothermemberoftheirgroupwasworriedandstressed,theyknewtheymightbeatrisk.AsZoeParr-Cortes,leadstudyauthorandaPh.D．studentatBristolVeterinarySchool,said,“Beingabletosensestressfromanothermemberofthepackwaslikelybeneficial.”5．Whydidvolunteersinthestudydopublicspeakingandmathtasks?A．Totesttheirsocialskills. B．Toseehowdogswouldhelpthem.C．Toshowtheirabilitytoreducepressure. D．Toraisetheirstressandcortisollevels.6．Whathappenedwhendogssmelledstressinthestudy?A．Theirresponsewasfaster. B．Theystayedawayfromtheirowners.C．Theyfocusedlessonfood. D．Theybarkedtowarnownersofdanger.7．Whatmightbethereasondogsdevelopedtheabilitytosensestress?A．Toavoiddanger. B．Toprotecttheirfood.C．Tohuntmoreeffectively. D．Tobetterunderstandhumans.8．Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A．Aguidebookfordogtraining. B．Ascientificresearchreport.C．Anewspaperaboutanimaladventures. D．Amagazineaboutwildlifeprotection.【答案】5．D6．C7．A8．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了狗能嗅出人類的壓力這一有趣的發(fā)現(xiàn)。文章介紹了相關(guān)的研究過程、狗的這種能力對其生存的意義等內(nèi)容，說明狗與人類之間有著深厚的情感聯(lián)系。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Thesevolunteerswentthroughpublicspeakingandtooktestsofsolvingdifficultmathproblemswithoutanypreparation.Theirworrymademorecortisolappearintheirsweat.(這些志愿者在沒有任何準(zhǔn)備的情況下進(jìn)行公開演講和解決數(shù)學(xué)難題的測試。他們的擔(dān)憂使汗液中出現(xiàn)了更多的皮質(zhì)醇)”可知，讓志愿者做這些是為了增加他們的壓力和皮質(zhì)醇水平。故選D。6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Whenthedogssmelledthisstressedsweat,theyfeltlesscuriousandshowedlessinterestinafoodbowlinanuncertainposition(當(dāng)狗聞到這種有壓力的汗液時，它們的好奇心降低，對位置不確定的食物碗也不那么感興趣了)”可知，狗聞到壓力時，對食物的關(guān)注度會降低。故選C。7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Well,itmightbebecausesensingstresshelpeddogssurviveinthepast.Iftheycouldtellwhenanothermemberoftheirgroupwasworriedandstressed,theyknewtheymightbeatrisk.(嗯，這可能是因為感知壓力有助于狗在過去生存。如果它們能判斷出群體中的另一個成員何時感到擔(dān)憂和壓力，它們就知道自己可能處于危險之中)”可知，狗發(fā)展出感知壓力的能力可能是為了避免危險。故選A。8．推理判斷題。主要講述了狗能嗅出人類的壓力這一有趣的發(fā)現(xiàn)。文章介紹了相關(guān)的研究過程、狗的這種能力對其生存的意義等內(nèi)容，說明狗與人類之間有著深厚的情感聯(lián)系。屬于科學(xué)研究報告。故選D。Passage03（24-25高一下·湖南長沙·開學(xué)考試）Makingafilmislikesolvingacomplexpuzzle.Whileactorsandthestoryarewhatweseeonscreen,manypeopleworkbehindthescenestomakethemoviecomealive.Eachpersonhasauniqueroletoplayinbringingthefinalproducttolife.Thedirectorisoftenregardedastheleaderoftheproject.Theyguidetheactors,determinethevisualcompositionofeachscene,andcollaborate(合作)closelywiththecinematographertoselectthemosteffectivecameraanglesandlighting.Thecinematographer,alsoknownasthedirectorofphotography,isresponsibleforcapturingthefilm’svisualaesthetic.Theymanipulate(熟練操作)lightandshadowtocreatethedesiredmoodandatmosphere.Anotherkeypersonistheproductiondesigner,whooverseesthefilm’soveralllook.Theymakesureeverydetail,fromthesetstothecostumes,matchesthestory’ssettingandtone.Forexample,ifthefilmissetinahistoricalperiod,theproductiondesignerensuresthattheprops,clothing,andenvironmentsaccuratelyreflectthattime.Theyworkwithartdirectors,setdecorators,andcostumedesignerstocreateacohesive(協(xié)調(diào)的)andbelievableworld.Sounddesignersandeditorsalsoplayacrucialrole.Theyenhancethefilm’semotionalimpactbyaddingsoundeffects,backgroundnoises,andmusic.Withouttheircontributions,eventhemostexcitingsceneswouldlackdepthandintensity.Finally,theeditorcarefullyassembles(整合)thefootage,selectingthebesttakesandarrangingthemtocreateacompellingnarrative(扣人心弦的敘事).Thisprocess,whichcantakemonths,isessentialformakingsurethefilmflowssmoothlyandkeepstheaudienceengaged.9．Whodirectlyworkswithactorstodecidehowscenesshouldlook?A．Thecinematographer. B．Theproductiondesigner.C．Thedirector. D．Thesoundeditor.10．Theunderlinedword“aesthetic”inParagraph2mostcloselymeans_____________.A．emotionalimpact B．visualstyle C．historicalaccuracy D．storystructure11．Ifafilm’s1920ssettingfeelsunrealistic,whichrolelikelyfailedtheirjob?A．Theeditor. B．Theproductiondesigner.C．Thecinematographer. D．Thesounddesigner.12．Whymighteditingtakemonthstocomplete?A．Actorsneedtimetopreparetheirperformances.B．Selectingthebestshotsandorganizingthemcarefullytakestime.C．Creatingrealisticsoundeffectsrequiresmultipletries.D．Directorswanttogivecreativeimprovementsenoughtime.【答案】9．C10．B11．B12．B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了電影制作中不同的職業(yè)的不同作用。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thedirectorisoftenregardedastheleaderoftheproject.Theyguidetheactors,determinethevisualcompositionofeachscene,andcollaborate(合作)closelywiththecinematographertoselectthemosteffectivecameraanglesandlighting.(導(dǎo)演通常被認(rèn)為是這個項目的負(fù)責(zé)人。他們指導(dǎo)演員，確定每個場景的視覺構(gòu)圖，并與攝影師密切合作，選擇最有效的鏡頭角度和燈光)”可知，導(dǎo)演直接和演員一起決定場景應(yīng)該是什么樣子。故選C。10．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“Theymanipulate(熟練操作)lightandshadowtocreatethedesiredmoodandatmosphere.(他們操縱光影來創(chuàng)造出想要的情緒和氛圍)”可知，電影攝影師操縱光影來創(chuàng)造出想要的情緒和氛圍，說明他們負(fù)責(zé)捕捉電影的視覺風(fēng)格。故劃線詞意思是“視覺風(fēng)格”。故選B。11．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Anotherkeypersonistheproductiondesigner,whooverseesthefilm’soveralllook.Theymakesureeverydetail,fromthesetstothecostumes,matchesthestory’ssettingandtone.(另一個關(guān)鍵人物是制作設(shè)計師，他負(fù)責(zé)監(jiān)督電影的整體外觀。他們確保每一個細(xì)節(jié)，從布景到服裝，都符合故事的背景和基調(diào))”可知，如果一部電影的背景設(shè)定在20世紀(jì)20年代，感覺不太現(xiàn)實(shí)，制作設(shè)計師可能是失敗的。故選B。12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Finally,theeditorcarefullyassembles(整合)thefootage,selectingthebesttakesandarrangingthemtocreateacompellingnarrative(扣人心弦的敘事).Thisprocess,whichcantakemonths,isessentialformakingsurethefilmflowssmoothlyandkeepstheaudienceengaged.(最后，剪輯師仔細(xì)地整理這些鏡頭，挑選出最好的片段，并將它們編排成一個引人入勝的故事。這個過程可能需要幾個月的時間，但對于確保電影順利進(jìn)行并保持觀眾的注意力至關(guān)重要)”可知，需要幾個月才能完成編輯，是因為選擇最好的鏡頭并仔細(xì)組織它們需要時間。故選B。Passage04（24-25高一下·廣東佛山·開學(xué)考試）Iremembermyfirsttrueintroductiontoartfondly.ItwasmysecondyearofuniversityandIwasaconfused19-year-oldatthetime,unsureofwhatacademicpathIwantedtopursue.IknewthatIhadalwaysbeenfascinatedbythingsthatmademequestiontheworldaroundme,andmyarthistoryclasswasthefirsttimeIreallygottogetmyfeetwet.Myprofessor,apost-graduatewithnatty(齊整的)hair,entertaineduswithherstoriesoftravelandrevealedtheartsoftheworldtous,somethingthathadnotbeentouchedonsincemyprimaryschoolyears.ThegrandstoryoftimewastoldinbrokenGreeksculptures,figureswhoseamazinglydetailedlimestonecarvingswereoftenmissingarmsandheadstothebrittleravages(無情的破壞)oftime.WeexploredthepatternsoftheMedievaleraandtheearlyRenaissancereligioussymbolismofMichelangeloandBotticelli.Weanalyzedthemustard(芥末黃)andchiaroscuro(明暗對比)glareoftheBaroquepaintingsofCaravaggioandElGreco,andwewereamazedbythesandcastle-naturalismoftheSpanisharchitectGaudi.Thehistoryofarthasfascinatedmeeversince.Ineverhadatalentforartmyself,butIalwaysdidhaveawell-groundedappreciationforthosewhodid.Inprimaryschool,weexploredartthroughmusicandpaintingclasses;butonceweenteredsecondaryschool,artwasanelectivecourseandquicklylimitedtothedustbinsofmymemory.ItwasonlyafterthathumblearthistoryclassthatIrealizedwhatIhadbeenmissing.Istronglybelievethatawell-roundedsocietyneedseveryonetohaveanearlyeducationinthearts.Ahealthysocietyneedsallitsmemberstoopentheireyes—andtheirminds—sothattheycanlearnwhatistrueandbeautiful,justasthefamousGreekphilosopherPlatosaid,“Thereflectionofbeautycausesthesoultogrowwings”.13．Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedphraseinthefirstparagraph?A．Theauthorgotlostinthearthistoryclassduetotheconfusion.B．Theauthorwasstartingtofigureouttheexactacademicpath.C．Theauthorwasstartingtolearntoappreciateart.D．Theauthorwethisfeetbecauseofcarelessness.14．Whydidtheauthormentiontheprofessor?A．ToshowhisloveforGreeksculptures.B．Toshowthebeginningofhisloveforart.C．Totellreaderstheprofessor’sloveforgrandstories.D．TotellreaderswhattheRenaissancereligioussymbolismis.15．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsarteducation?A．Unclear. B．Supportive. C．Opposed. D．Doubtful.16．Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A．Toadvocatethepopularityofarthistory.B．Toproposeachangeintheeducationofarthistory.C．Tourgepeopletoexploremoreartclassesinanearlyage.D．Toarousepeople’sawarenessoftheimportanceofearlyarteducation.【答案】13．C14．B15．B16．D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。本文講述了作者初識藝術(shù)的經(jīng)歷，以及作者對藝術(shù)教育的看法。13．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)上文“Iremembermyfirsttrueintroductiontoartfondly.(我深情地記得我第一次真正接觸藝術(shù)的經(jīng)歷。)”和“IknewthatIhadalwaysbeenfascinatedbythingsthatmademequestiontheworldaroundme(我一直對那些讓我對周圍世界產(chǎn)生疑問的事物著迷。)”可知，藝術(shù)史課程正是作者第一次真正涉足這個領(lǐng)域的嘗試。getmyfeetwet表示“作者開始接觸并嘗試新事物”，即開始學(xué)習(xí)欣賞藝術(shù)。故選C。14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Myprofessor,apost-graduatewithnattyhair,entertaineduswithherstoriesoftravelandrevealedtheartsoftheworldtous,somethingthathadnotbeentouchedonsincemyprimaryschoolyears.(我的教授是一位頭發(fā)整潔的研究生，她用旅行故事逗我們開心，并向我們揭示了世界的藝術(shù)，這是自小學(xué)以來從未涉及過的內(nèi)容。)”可知，作者提到教授是因為教授向作者揭示了世界的藝術(shù)，這成為作者愛上藝術(shù)的開始。故選B。15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Istronglybelievethatawell-roundedsocietyneedseveryonetohaveanearlyeducationinthearts.Ahealthysocietyneedsallitsmemberstoopentheireyes—andtheirminds—sothattheycanlearnwhatistrueandbeautiful(我堅信，一個全面發(fā)展的社會需要每個人都早期接受藝術(shù)教育。一個健康的社會需要其所有成員睜開眼睛——以及他們的思想——這樣他們才能學(xué)習(xí)什么是真實(shí)和美麗的)”可知，作者強(qiáng)烈認(rèn)為一個健康的社會需要所有成員都接受早期藝術(shù)教育，這表明作者對藝術(shù)教育是支持的。故選B。16．推理判斷題。文章講述了作者初識藝術(shù)的經(jīng)歷，以及最后一段“Istronglybelievethatawell-roundedsocietyneedseveryonetohaveanearlyeducationinthearts.Ahealthysocietyneedsallitsmemberstoopentheireyes—andtheirminds—sothattheycanlearnwhatistrueandbeautiful(我堅信，一個全面發(fā)展的社會需要每個人都早期接受藝術(shù)教育。一個健康的社會需要其所有成員睜開他們的眼睛——以及他們的心靈——這樣他們才能學(xué)會什么是真實(shí)和美好的)”提到作者對藝術(shù)教育的看法，即作者認(rèn)為一個健康的社會需要所有成員都接受早期藝術(shù)教育，由此可知，作者寫這篇文章的目的是喚起人們對早期藝術(shù)教育重要性的認(rèn)識。故選D。Passage05（24-25高一下·廣西南寧·開學(xué)考試）Atsixo’clocksharpthecurtainrisesatSouthsideCulturalCenter,inReno.Twohundredaudiencemembers,includingthemayorofReno,looktothestage.DozensofactorsbreakoutintothefirstnumberofTheLionKing.Butthisisnotyourtypicalproduction.ThegiftedcastismadeupofhomelesschildrenlivingattheVolunteersofAmericafamilyshelterinReno.Thechildrenhavebeengivenachancetolivetheirdreamsonstage,thankstovolunteeractingcoachNasyaMancini.“Iseesomuchofmyselfinthesekids,”saysNasya.“Itellthemtheircurrentcircumstancedoesn’thavetobetheirdestiny(命運(yùn)).Iftheyaredetermined,theycandoanythingtheywant.”DeterminationissomethingNasyaknowsallabout.Shewasbornprematurelyandwasgivenlittlechanceofsurvival.ButNasyakeptfighting.Herverynamemeans“miracle”inHebrew.Nasyawassmall,butquicklyprovedthathertalentswereasbigasherwilltosurvive.Shestarteddancingattwo.Bysixshe’dbeenspottedbyanactingcoach,whoencouragedherparentstoenrollherindramaclasses.“Therewassomethingaboutbeingonstage,”Nasyasays.“Itmademyspiritcomealive.”Shedecidedthatshewasgoingtobeanactor.However,herenthusiasmdidn’tsitwellwithsomeofherschoolmates.Theyteasedher,“You’reashrimp.You’renotevenpretty.”Nasyacamehomeintears.Hermotherhuggedherandtoldhertoignoreit.Byhighschool,Nasyawaswinningawardsintheatercompetitions.Shealsoprovidedcommunityservicebyteachingdramatothechildrenattheshelter.Nasyawantedthekidsatthesheltertodiscovertheconfidencethatactingcouldgive.Thebestwaytodothat,shedecided,wastoputonabigplay.Theproductionwasahit.Thekidstookseveralcurtaincalls.Donationstotheshelterrolledin.Nasyaremindsthekidsofsomethingsheknowswitheverypartofherspirittobetrue:“Believeinyourself.Theworldisyourstage.”17．WhatwasspecialabouttheplayTheLionKing?A．Itwasperformedbyhomelesskids. B．ItwasstarredbyNasyaMancini.C．Itwasstagedatthelocalshelter. D．ItwasfundedbythemayorofReno.18．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesNasya?A．Creativeandmodest. B．Confidentanddemanding.C．Determinedandhumorous. D．Talentedandcaring.19．WhydidNasyadecidetoputontheplay?A．Tocompletehercommunityservice. B．Tobuildthekids’confidence.C．Towinalocaltheatercompetition. D．Tocollectpublicdonations.20．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．VolunteersMakeaDifference. B．RisingfromSheltertoStage.C．SharingHerDreamwithHomelessTeens. D．TheLionKingIsRoaringBack.【答案】17．A18．D19．B20．C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了NasyaMancini雖然是早產(chǎn)兒，但是她意志力堅強(qiáng)，決心成為一名演員，最終她的夢想實(shí)現(xiàn)了，她還幫助無家可歸的兒童在舞臺上實(shí)現(xiàn)他們的夢想。17．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“ThegiftedcastismadeupofhomelesschildrenlivingattheVolunteersofAmericafamilyshelterinReno.(演員陣容由居住在里諾美國志愿者家庭庇護(hù)所的無家可歸的兒童組成)”可知，《獅子王》這部戲的特別之處在于是由無家可歸的孩子表演的。故選A。18．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Nasyawassmall,butquicklyprovedthathertalentswereasbigasherwilltosurvive.Shestarteddancingattwo.(納西婭雖然個子很小，但很快就證明了她的才華和她的生存意志一樣強(qiáng)大。她兩歲開始跳舞)”以及倒數(shù)第二段中“Shealsoprovidedcommunityservicebyteachingdramatothechildrenattheshelter.Nasyawantedthekidsatthesheltertodiscovertheconfidencethatactingcouldgive.(她還通過向庇護(hù)所的孩子們教授戲劇來提供社區(qū)服務(wù)。納西婭希望庇護(hù)所的孩子們能夠發(fā)現(xiàn)表演可以帶來的自信)”可知，娜西亞有才華，有愛心。故選D。19．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Nasyawantedthekidsatthesheltertodiscovertheconfidencethatactingcouldgive.Thebestwaytodothat,shedecided,wastoputonabigplay.(納西婭希望庇護(hù)所的孩子們能夠發(fā)現(xiàn)表演可以帶來的自信。她決定，最好的辦法就是上演一出大戲)”可知，娜西亞決定上演這出戲是為了建立孩子們的信心。故選B。20．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中“ThegiftedcastismadeupofhomelesschildrenlivingattheVolunteersofAmericafamilyshelterinReno.Thechildrenhavebeengivenachancetolivetheirdreamsonstage,thankstovolunteeractingcoachNasyaMancini.(演員陣容由居住在里諾美國志愿者家庭庇護(hù)所的無家可歸的兒童組成。感謝志愿表演教練納西婭·曼奇尼的幫助，孩子們有機(jī)會在舞臺上實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的夢想)”結(jié)合文章主要講述了NasyaMancini雖然是早產(chǎn)兒，但是她意志力堅強(qiáng)，決心成為一名演員，最終她的夢想實(shí)現(xiàn)了，她還幫助無家可歸的兒童在舞臺上實(shí)現(xiàn)他們的夢想?？芍珻選項“與無家可歸的青少年分享她的夢想”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選C。Passage06（24-25高一下·江西宜春·開學(xué)考試）ItwasJanuaryinKansas.Thesnowstormhit,cuttingoffourpower.So,thoughitwasaroundnoon,wewereputintodarkness.Notelevision,noheat,nolight.Thiswasbackinthedayswhenpeoplehadonlyradiostolistento.GranddadCharliegathereduphiswintercoat,scarf,andgloves,anddisappearedintothesnow.Afewminuteslater,hereturned,withwoodunderhisarms.Lookingatmybrotherandme,hesaid.“Comeon,boys.Timetobuildafire.”Butthecuriosityforthefirewasn’tenoughtokeeptheattentionofa7-year-oldboyanda5-year-oldboy,andweweresoonannoyingGrandparepeatedlyastowhatwasnext.“There’snoTV,Grandpa,”Icomplained,“Whatarewegoingtodo?”“Let’sgocamping.”Grandpaanswered.Weranupstairstogetoursleepingbags,pillows,andstuffedanimalsback(毛絨玩具靠背).Whenwereturned,Grandpahadrearrangedthefurniture,clearinganopenspaceinfrontofthefire.Inshortorder,wehadafinecampground.“Nowthen,”Grandpabegan,openingastrange-lookinggameboard,“who’supforalittlegameofcheckers?”Forthenexthourorso,Grandpataughtusonthefineartofplacingcheckers.Ibecameafairplayerafterlosingfourgamesinarow.Then,surprisingly,IbeatGrandpa.WhenIaskedhimifhehadletmewin,hemerelysmile.Checkerswassoonfollowedupwithhangman.Afterward,Grandpafoundhisold,weatheredguitarandsangussomecampfiresongs,thewordstowhichmybrotherandIdidnotknowbuttowhichwesangalong.Andrightthen,somethingterriblehappened.Thepowercamebackon.MomandDadgaveacheer.Butformybrotherandme,itwastheendofagrandadventure.Westoodthere,speechless.Grandpalookedatus,smiled,andthenslowly,hewalkedacrosstheroomandturnedthelightoff.21．Whatcanweknowfromthefirst3paragraphs?A．Thechildrenwerecuriousaboutbuildingthefire.B．Thechildrenwereexcitedaboutthepowerfailure.C．Thechildrendidn’tlikethefireandwentcamping.D．Thestoryhappenedonacoldwintersnowevening.22．WhydidGrandpaturnoffthelightatlast?A．Tocreateasenseofholiday. B．Tokeepacampatmosphere.C．Tosaveasmuchenergyashecan. D．Toremindthefamilytogotobed.23．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesGrandpa?A．Imaginativeandbrave. B．Experiencedandgenerous.C．Intelligentandcurious. D．Caringandunderstanding.24．Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．AnUnforgettablecamping B．OurHarmoniousFamilyC．OurRespectableGrandpa D．ATerribleSnowstorm【答案】21．A22．B23．D24．A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了停電時爺爺陪兄弟倆度過有趣時光。21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Butthecuriosityforthefirewasn'tenoughtokeeptheattentionofa7-year-oldboyanda5-year-oldboy,andweweresoonannoyingGrandparepeatedlyastowhatwasnext.(但對火的這份好奇還不足以拴住一個7歲男孩和一個5歲男孩的注意力，我們很快就不斷纏著爺爺問接下來要做什么)”可知，孩子們對生火是好奇的，只是這種好奇不足以讓他們長時間保持注意力。所以能從前三段知道孩子們對生火感到好奇。故選A。22．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Andrightthen,somethingterriblehappened.Thepowercamebackon.(就在那時，可怕的事情發(fā)生了。電來了)”以及最后一段“MomandDadgaveacheer.Butformybrotherandme,itwastheendofagrandadventure.Westoodthere,speechless.Grandpalookedatus,smiled,andthenslowly,hewalkedacrosstheroomandturnedthelightoff.(爸爸媽媽歡呼起來。但對我和弟弟來說，這是一場偉大冒險的結(jié)束。我們站在那里，說不出話來。爺爺看著我們，笑了笑，然后慢慢地，他穿過房間，把燈關(guān)掉了)”可知，爺爺看到作者他們因為電來了冒險要結(jié)束而難過。由此可推知，關(guān)掉燈是為了保持露營的氛圍，讓他們能繼續(xù)享受這段時光。故選B。23．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段““Let’sgocamping.”Grandpaanswered.(“我們?nèi)ヂ稜I吧?！睜敔敾卮鸬?”以及“Andrightthen,somethingterriblehappened.Thepowercamebackon.(就在那時，可怕的事情發(fā)生了。電來了)”以及最后一段“MomandDadgaveacheer.Butformybrotherandme,itwastheendofagrandadventure.Westoodthere,speechless.Grandpalookedatus,smiled,andthenslowly,hewalkedacrossthe