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初一上冊外研版英語介詞辨析專項練習題一、選擇題1.Thecakesaredelicious.I’dliketohave_______thirdoneas________secondoneIatewastoosmall.A.the;the B.a(chǎn);the C.the;a D.a(chǎn);a2.Aprilis________fourthmonthoftheyear.It’s________verypleasantmonth.A.the;the B.the;a C.the;/ D.a(chǎn);a3.In1985,Spudbecame____NBAplayerandthenhecame____firstintheSlamDunkContest.A.a(chǎn)n;the B.a(chǎn);the C.a(chǎn)n;/ D.a(chǎn);/4.ThefilmCocoisbigsuccessthatmanypeoplegotothecinematowatchit.A.such B.sucha C.so D.soa5.Ididn'tdomybest.Couldyougivemesecondchance,please?A.a(chǎn)n B./ C.the D.a(chǎn)6.―Areyouleavingnow?Havingdinnerwithyouisgreatfun!―Thanksalot,butIhavetomakeearlystarttomorrowmorning.A./;a B.a(chǎn);an C./;an D.a(chǎn);the7.ChristopherColumbus,______explorer,camefrom______Europeancountry.A.a(chǎn)n/an B.a(chǎn)n/a C.the/a D.the/an8.—Look,theyoungwomanwhoisplaying_______guitaris_______universityteacher.—Herperformanceisquitepleasant.A.the;an B./;an C.the;a D./;a9.---Didyouseethenewmoviedirectedbythatfamousdirector?It’ssaidtobe______greatsuccess.---No,Ihavebeenbusypreparingalltheoffice______thesedays.A./;equipments B.the;equipment C./;equipment D.a(chǎn);equipment10.Theyear2021marks________beginningofChina’s14thFive-YearPlanperiod.A.a(chǎn) B.a(chǎn)n C.the D./11.IoftenhaveconversationwithJohnover_____phone,butkeepintouchwithTombywriting_____letters.A./;the B./;a C.the;/ D.the;a12.Itissaidthat______bridgewasbuiltin______MingDynasty.A.a(chǎn);aB.the;theC.a(chǎn);theD.the;a13.In_______gesturetohelppreservehistory,thelocalsarerepairing_______largepercentageofthehistoricsitessteadily.A.the;the B.a(chǎn);a C.the;a D./;the14.Inmyopinion,Tonyis_____successbecausehehasbought_____thirdcarthoughhealreadyhastwo.A.a(chǎn);a B.a(chǎn);the C./;the D./;a15.Duringthecamptrip,childrenwerefascinatedbywondersofnature.A./;/ B./;the C.the;/ D.the;the16.Thecakesaredelicious.He’dliketohave________thirdonebecause________secondoneisrathertoosmall.A.a(chǎn);a B.the;theC.a(chǎn);the D.the;a17.Sheis____honestgirl,andshenevertellslies.A.a(chǎn) B.a(chǎn)nC./ D.the18.Anengineerhasdesigned_______robotthatcanworkin_______deepseatocleanwaste.A.a(chǎn);the B.a(chǎn);a C./;the D.the;/19.LastyearourteamwenttoSeattleandwon______secondplace.Personally,Ithinktheteamthatwas______championcheated.A./,theB.the,theC.a(chǎn),theD.the,/20.Takeyourtime─it’sjust________shortdistancefromhereto________restaurant.A.不填;theB.不填;aC.the;aD.a(chǎn);the21.StudentsshouldbeencouragedtouseInternetasresource。A./;a B./;the C.the;the D.the;a二、選擇題22.Asachild,Iwouldsitforhoursunderanoldtreedoing________,whichwassimplydaydreaming.A.nothing B.everything C.something D.a(chǎn)nything23.—AreyourparentsangrywithyouaboutyourEnglish?—Oh,________ofthemisangry.Theyjusttoldmetogetbettergradesnexttime.A.none B.both C.neither D.either24.—Mary,isthis________bluebike?—No,________isablackone.A.your;my B.your;mine C.yours;my D.yours;mine25.ThoughIagreewithmostofwhatyousaid,thatdoesn'tmeanIagreewith_________.A.a(chǎn)nything B.nothing C.everything D.something三、選擇題26.Kidsundertheageoftencan’tmakegood_______.Theyarenotsurewhichisbetterforthem.A.choices B.progress C.efforts D.mistakes27.Acityisthe________ofthehumanhandandmind,showingman’swisdomandcreativity.A.product B.process C.pride D.possibility28.USanthropologistEdwardT.Hallsaidthatinaconversationbetweentwopeople,65%of________isdonethroughbodylanguage.A.a(chǎn)pplication B.pronunciation C.introduction D.communication29.Forthetimebeingwecancollectmuch________eitherfrombooksorontheInternet.A.idea B.method C.information D.suggestion四、選擇題30.—Youhaven’tsaida________wordsincelastFriday.What’swrong?—Nothing.Justletmealone.A.simple B.single C.similar D.silent31.—Howdoyoufeelaboutthedish?—Look!Thisisnothingbut________vegetablesoup.A.famous B.wonderful C.unusual D.common32.—Howdoyoulikethetalkshow?—Ithinkit's________,butsomepeoplethinkit'sso________.A.wonderfulenough;bored B.enoughwonderful;boringC.wonderfulenough;boring D.enoughwonderful;bored33.—What'swrongwithyourradio?—Thesoundcomingoutisnot________.A.clean B.clear C.fresh D.well34.Asthepopulation________,theworldseemstobesmaller.A.increasesmore B.increaselarger C.growslarger D.growsmore五、選擇題35.—Youlookfrightened,what’sup?—Aterribleaccidenthappenedthismorning.Atruckwasrunningfastwhenanoldmanwasabouttocrosstheroad.Ibethewillnotlive________thenight.A.a(chǎn)long B.a(chǎn)way C.through D.in36.Onsunnydays,mygrandmaoftenreadsanovel________thewindow.A.for B.by C.with D.from37.Tomypleasure,myfamilyisalways________me,soIcanfollowmydreamswithgreatcourage.A.past B.a(chǎn)bove C.upon D.behind六、選擇題38.Anewhigh-speedrailwaystation________Taixing________Shanghaiwillbebuiltsoon.A.connecting;to B.connected;to C.connects;with D.connected;and39.—YourspokenEnglishisverygood.Howdoyouimproveit?—Thanks.Mrs.Wangalwaysasksusto________dialoguesinourEnglishclassesandpracticespeakingEnglishasoftenaspossible.A.takeup B.makeup C.putup D.mopup40.—Oh,myGod!Ihave________5pounds!—Noworries.It’snormalforagrowingteenager.A.putup B.putdown C.puton D.putoff41.Please_____thewaterwhenyoubrushyourteeth.A.takedown B.turnup C.takeaway D.turnoff42.Wouldyouplease____________thelight?Ican'tsleepwellwithiton.A.turnon B.turnoff C.turnto D.turnaround七、選擇題43.Toavoid________,we’dbetter________theparents’meetingonline.A.gather;hold B.gathering;hold C.gather;holding D.togather;tohold44.—Listen!Tom________belisteningtothemusicwhiledoinghishomework.—Let’sgoupstairstoremindhimtoturnitoff.A.should B.could C.would D.must45.—InChina,manyparentscomplainthattheirchildrenhavetostayuplatetodothehomework.—Don’tworry.Thegovernmenthasrealizedtheproblem.I’msurethere________begoodnewssoon.A.can B.should C.need D.must46.It’sofgreatimportancetoprotecttheenvironment.Eachofus________takeanactivepartinit.A.can B.may C.would D.should47.—Hurryup,Jack!Let’scrosstheroadasfastaspossible.—No,you________.Don’tyouseethelightisstillred?A.couldn’t B.wouldn’t C.mustn’t D.needn’t48.Thinktwicebeforemakingadecision,oryou__________getintotrouble.A.may B.can't C.shouldn't D.mustn't八、選擇題49.—_______terriblemessyouhavemade!—Sorry,Iwilltidyitupatonce.A.What B.Whata C.Whatan D.How50._________terribleexperience!Luckily,weareallsafenow.A.What B.Whata C.How D.Howa51.—________interestingstory!—________excitedyoulook!MayIhavealookatit?A.Whatan;What B.How;How C.Whatan;How D.How;What52.Don’tletanyfailuresinfluenceyourmoods,foryoucannevertell________closeyoumaybetovictory.A.what B.why C.where D.how53.________hehasprovidedforus!A.Whatausefuladvice B.WhatusefulsuggestionsC.Howusefultheadvice D.Howusefulsuggestions九、選擇題54.—________willtheJinniuLakeAnimalKingdombeopen?—Maybeinthesecondhalfofthisyear.A.When B.Who C.What D.Where55.—________isitfromShanghaitoyourhometown?—Well,itisaboutfourhours’high-speedrailride.A.Howlong B.Howoften C.Howsoon D.Howfar十、選擇題56.—Excuseme,whereisthenearestpostoffice?—It’s________tothebank,butit________forafewdays.A.close;hasclosedB.close;hasbeenclosedC.closed;hasbeenclosed D.closed;hasbeenclose57.Manypeoplethinkthatbadly-behavedtravelers________sothattheywon'tbehavethatwayagain.A.shouldpunish B.shouldbepunishedC.mustn'tbepunished D.mustpunish58.We'resurethattheenvironmentinourcity______greatlythroughourworkinthenearfuture.A.improved B.wasimproved C.hasimproved D.willbeimproved59.—Whogotthefirstprize?—Milliedid.Theresult______justnow.A.isannounced B.a(chǎn)nnounce C.wasannounced D.a(chǎn)nnounced60.Takeiteasy!Thisbigexperiment_______severalpartsforyou.A.wasdividedto B.dividedinto C.isdividedinto D.isdivided61.—Excuseme,whencanweplaybasketballintheplayground?—Notuntiltheplayground________nextweek.A.repairs B.willberepaired C.isrepaired D.willrepair十一、選擇題62.---Iwillhavetwofinalexamstomorrow.---Metoo.Soyou_______anysympathyfrommehere.A.a(chǎn)ren’tgettingB.didn’tgetC.a(chǎn)ren’tgoingtogetD.haven’tgot63.—Canweplaybasketballintheschoolgym?—No,it______duringthesummerholidays.A.isrepairedB.isbeingrepairedC.wasrepairedD.hasbeenrepaired64.Duetoaterriblefluthat________on,manystudentsdon’tshowuptoschooltoday.A.goes B.wasgoing C.isgoing D.hasgone65.—Mydear,you______thingsabout.Look,whatamessintheroom!—Sorry,Mom.A.havealwaysthrown B.a(chǎn)lwaysthrowC.a(chǎn)realwaysthrowing D.a(chǎn)lwaysthrew66.—Haveyouseenrecently?—No,butI_______dinnerwithhimonFriday.A.had B.havehad C.a(chǎn)mhaving D.washaving67.—Whereisyourfather,Lily?—He________inthekitchen.A.cooked B.cooks C.willcook D.iscooking68.—Lena,Iguessyouwereinahurrythismorning.You________yoursweaterinsideout.—Ohmygod,I’llhaveitchangedimmediately.A.wore B.a(chǎn)rewearing C.werewearing D.haveworn十二、選擇題69.----Wouldyouliketolendmesomemoney?----I’dloveto,_______Ileftmypurseathome.A.so B.a(chǎn)nd C.or D.but70.Itwasrainingheavily,_____wedecidedtostayathomeandwatchTV.A.but B.or C.because D.so71.Ihadafever,_Iwenttoseeadoctor.A.for B.or C.but D.so72.Itwasverydarkoutside,___________wehadtofeelourwayslowly.A.so B.but C.for D.or73.--Doyoulikereadinghistorybookswhenyouarefree?--No!Ilikestorybooks__Ialmostreadthemeveryday.A.a(chǎn)ndB.butC.orD.then十三、選擇題74.—Excuseme,canyoutellme________?—Sorry,Idon’tknow.Youcangototheinformationdesk.A.thatthereisatrain B.whenthetrainleavesC.wheredoesthetraingo D.whichtraincanItake75.—Yourbookisveryinteresting.Canyoutellme________?—InXinhuaBookstorenexttoourschool.A.wheredidyoubuyit B.whydidyoubuyitC.whereyouboughtit D.whyyouboughtit76.—Sam,canyoutellme________?—Sheisanurse.A.whatAlice’sjobis B.whatisAlice’sjobC.whatAlice’sjobwas D.whatwasAlice’sjob77.—Excuseme,butcouldyoutellme________?—Sorry,Idon’tknow.I’mnewhere,too.A.whichisthewaytothenearestbank B.howlongtheGrandTheatreopensC.whereIwouldenjoythenaturalbeauty D.howdothelocalpeoplecelebrateChristmas十四、選擇題78.—Howiseverythinggoing?--_________.A.Everythingisfinished B.NothinghasbeendoneC.Notsobad,youknow D.Notdoingwrong,yousee79.—AllthepeopleofBinhaishouldworktogethertomakeourhometownmorebeautiful.—Yes.________.A.Manyhandsmakelightwork B.PracticemakesperfectC.Burnthecandleatbothends D.Don’tputallyoureggsinonebasket80.Lookatthetextbelowonenvironment.Whatkindofwayisusedtoorganizetheidea?[Ourenvironmentisgettingworse.Theskyisnotasblueasbefore.Thewaterisnotcleananymore.Theweatherchangessooften.Wehavemorebadweather.]A.Timeorder. B.Spaceorder.C.Generaltospecific. D.Specifictogeneral.81.—Lookatthismess!Howmuchtimedoyouthinkweneedtoclearitup?—Itisabigjob,but________.Let’sallgetstartednow.A.manyhandsmakelightwork B.a(chǎn)friendinneedisafriendindeedC.theearlybirdcatchestheworm D.a(chǎn)ctionsspeaklouderthanwords82.—Steve,toimproveyourspokenEnglish,youshouldspeakEnglishasoftenaspossible.—Iagree.______A.It’sapieceofcake. B.Practicemakesperfect. C.Itservesyouright. D.Welldone.83.—AllthepeopleofYanchengshouldworktogethertomakeourhometownmorebeautiful.—Yes.________.A.Manyhandsmakelightwork B.PracticemakesperfectC.Burnthecandleatbothends D.Don’tputallyoureggsinonebasket十五、選擇題84.—Oh,no!Thereisn'tanysaltleft.—____________!I’llbuysomewhenIgointotown.A.Goodidea B.Goahead C.Nevermind D.Notatall85.—I’mafraidIcan’tgetgoodgradesintheP.E.exam.—________!Trainasmuchasyoucan.A.Welldone B.Keeptrying C.Enjoyyourself D.Becareful86.—TVsaystherewillbeaheavyraintomorrow.—________.Iplannedtogoclimbingwithmyfriend.A.Badluck B.Ihopeso C.Goodidea D.Idon’tmind十六、選擇題87.WhileI____onthestreet,Ifoundalittleboy______nearthepark.A.a(chǎn)mwalking,crying B.waswalking,cry C.waswalking,crying D.walked,cry88.Lily’sparentsalwaysencourageher____outheropinions.A.speak B.speaking C.tospeak D.spoken89.TheSmithsareconsidering________toEnglandbecausethey________thecoldweatherthere.A.notmoving;aren’tusedto B.nottomove;aren’tusedto C.notmoving;didn’tuseto D.nottomove;didn’tuseto90.Thousandsofyoungpeoplespendhours______Wechatmomentsoftheirfriendseveryday.A.tocheck B.checking C.check D.checks91.Hemadeuphismindtodevotehislife________pollution________happily.A.toprevent;fromliving B.toprevent;toliveC.topreventing;fromliving D.topreventing;tolive92.You’dbettergiveupsmokingatonce.A.startsmoking B.starttosmoke C.stopsmoking D.stoptosmoke93.Thewaywethoughtof________theenvironmentprovedtobeveryuseful.A.toprotect B.protecting C.protected D.protects94.Theworkersaremade________tenhoursaday.A.work B.towork C.working D.worked95.Idon’tlikesadmoviesbecauseitusuallymakesme________A.crying B.cries C.tocry D.cry96.---Maxisafunnyboy.Hisjokesalwaysmakeus________alot.A.tolaugh B.laughing C.laugh D.laughs97.Fansalloverthecountryaretalkingabout________thisfootballteamhasneverwonanymatchand________todowithit.A.whether;how B.why;how C.whether;what D.why;what98.Ourteacheralwayschoosesclassicalsongssheenjoys________usbetweenclasses.A.relax B.relaxing C.torelax D.torelaxing十七、選擇題99.—BillGatesandMelindaGates,twooftheworld’srichestpeople,said“wenolongerbelievewecangrowtogetherasacouple”.—Iamsosorrytohearthatbecausethey________fornearly30years.A.havebeenmarried B.havegotmarried C.havegotmarriedto D.havebeenmarriedwith100.Pleaseturnupthemusic,don’tworryaboutthebabybecausehe________forhalfanhour.A.wokeup B.haswokeup C.wasawake D.hasbeenawake101.Mydog_______forthreedaysandI’mnowveryworriednowandIwanttofinditassoonaspossible.A.hasbeengone B.hasgone C.isgone D.wasgone102.—Jim,turndownthemusic.Ourbabyissleeping.—Don’tworry.He__________forhalfanhour.A.wokeup B.haswokenup C.wasawake D.hasbeenawake103.—IrememberthatMr.Greenoncetraveledbroad.—NotonlyMr.Greenbutalsohisdaughters______abroadtwice.A.havegone B.havebeen C.hasgone D.hasbeen104.—WillyourcousingotoGuiyangforthesummerholiday?—Infact,he________Guiyangsincehegraduated.A.hasgoneto B.hasbeento C.hasbeenin D.wentto105.It'sreportedthatXiangshuiexplosion(爆炸)__________78personsandthedoctorsaretryingtheirbesttosavethewounded.A.kills B.haskilled C.killed D.hadkilled十八、選擇題106.IwanttobuythatkindofclothbecauseI______thecloth______well.A.havetold;washes B.havebeentold;washesC.wastold;washed D.havebeentold;iswashed107.Honesty___________animportantroleinachild’sabilitytosucceedinschoolandlaterlife.A.played B.playsC.hadplayed D.hasplayed108.Alongroadtestsahorse’sstrengthandalong-termtask________aman’sheart.A.proves B.willprove C.isproving D.hasproved109.Everytimehe______tovisitme,he______buymesomebooks.A.willcome;will B.willcome;wouldC.comes;will D.comes;would110.We’llneverforgetthevillageinwhichthere________asmallhillandabeautifullake.A.usedtobe B.usedtohave C.wasusedtobe D.wasusedtohaving111.—DoyouknowwhenGrandmaisgoingtovisitus,Alice?—It'snextweek.She________meonthephone.Andwe'lltakehertothenationalparkA.told B.istold C.willtell D.wasgoingtotell112.—Whydidn'tyouanswermycall?—sorry.I_______anoldfriendandwe_______allthetime.A.havemet;aretalking B.met;talked C.met;aretalking D.met;weretalking113.—IreallyenjoytheshowsintheprogrammeOnlineTravelinChina.—Metoo.MoreonlineshowsaboutChineseculture________soon.A.willopen B.haveopened C.isopening D.open114.—Isthereanythingwrongwithyourmobilephone?—Yes,Ihopeyou_________.A.torepair B.tohaveitrepaired C.haverepairedit D.willhaveitrepaired十九、選擇題115.—HowwasyourtriptoYangzhou?—Wonderful.IthinkIhavejustvisitedthebestplace________canshowusthebeautyofSpring.A.what B.who C.that D./116.一Whatareyoureadingthesedays,Eric?一TheLittlePrince,thebestread________teachesmealot.A.which B.what C.who D./117.Thehappiestofpeopledon’tnecessarilyhavethebestofeverything;theyjustmakethemostofeverything________comesalongtheirway.A.which B.who C.when D.that118.LeiFengisagreatman________isknownbypeopleallovertheworld.A.what B.which C.who D.when二十、選擇題119.Thegameshowwassofunnythathewatcheditforhours________herealizedit.A.a(chǎn)s B.since C.before D.a(chǎn)fter120.Youwillbeoutofdate________youkeeponstudyingfromtimetotime.A.unless B.a(chǎn)lthough C.if D.otherwise【參考答案】***試卷處理標記,請不要刪除一、選擇題1.B解析:B【解析】序數(shù)詞前用不定冠詞表示再一、又一的意思;用定冠詞時表示次序第幾?!暗案夂芎贸?。我想再來一塊因為我吃的第二塊太小了”選B2.B解析:B【詳解】句意:四月是一年中的第四個月。它是一個令人非常愉快的月份??疾楣谠~。第一個空后有序數(shù)詞,前加定冠詞the,表示“第幾個”,排除D;第二個空泛指“一個令人愉快的月份”,用不定冠詞,very以輔音音素開頭,用a。故選B。3.C解析:C【詳解】句意:1985年,斯伯特“土豆”成為一名NBA球員,然后在扣籃大賽中獲得第一名。不定冠詞a/an表示泛指,定冠詞the表示特指,成為一名NBA球員,表示泛指,NBA首字母N是以元音音素開頭,前面用不定冠詞an,首先排除B,D;comefirst取得第一名,前面不用定冠詞the,故答案為C。4.B解析:B【詳解】句意:《可可》是那么成功的一部電影,以致于許多人去電影院觀看??疾樾稳菰~、副詞辨析。由題干可知本題考查such…that…和so…that…區(qū)別。such…that…和so…that…都表示“如此…以至于…”,區(qū)別在于such是形容詞,修飾名詞,意思是如此這樣的;so是副詞,修飾形容詞、副詞,意思是如此這樣的;本句的中心詞是名詞success,單數(shù)形式,所以要用sucha來填空,故答案選B?!军c睛】so是副詞,意思是“如此、這樣”,后面常接形容詞或副詞;such是形容詞,意思是“如此、這樣”,修飾名詞,既可以接可數(shù)名詞,也可以接不可數(shù)名詞。such修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞時,不定冠詞a/an通常放在such之后;而so則不同。其結構分別為:sucha/an+形容詞+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞;so+形容詞+a/an+單數(shù)名詞。such除了修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞外,還可以修飾復數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞,so是副詞,修飾形容詞或副詞。如果復數(shù)名詞前有few,many等形容詞;不可數(shù)名詞前有l(wèi)ittle,much等形容詞,就必須用so,而不能用such。本句的中心詞是名詞success,單數(shù)形式,所以要用sucha來填空,故答案選B。5.D解析:D【詳解】本題考查:冠詞用法。選項分析:a用在以輔音音素開頭,或以讀做輔音音素開頭的單詞前面。an用在以元音音素開頭的單詞前面。序數(shù)詞前加不定冠詞表示“再......,又......”之意;加定冠詞表示順序。此處表示再,又之意,不表示順序,故應該用不定冠詞。綜合分析前后文及答案選項,second以輔音音素開頭,選a最合題意。完整句意為:Ididn'tdomybest.Couldyougivemeasecondchance,please我沒有盡力。你能再給我一次機會嗎?正確答案為:D【點睛】a和an都用來修飾可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)。但a和an又有區(qū)別用法:(1)a用在以輔音音素開頭的單詞前面,例如:aman一個男人。(2)an用在以元音音素開頭的單詞前面,簡言之即an用在元音前,a用在輔音前。一般而言,元音字母發(fā)元音,輔音字母發(fā)輔音,但也有例外情況,主要有如下例外情況:(1)?拼寫以輔音字母開頭讀音卻以元音開頭的單詞。例如:hour,?honest,?honor等單詞的拼寫雖然以輔音字母h開頭,但其讀音卻以元音開頭,因此,前面要用an。(2)?拼寫以元音字母開頭讀音卻以輔音開頭的單詞。useful,?university,?usual等單詞的拼寫雖然以元音字母開頭,但其讀音卻以輔音開頭,因此,前面要用a。6.C解析:C【解析】【詳解】本題考查:冠詞的用法。選項分析:a用在以輔音音素開頭,或以讀做輔音音素開頭的單詞前面。an用在以元音音素開頭的單詞前面,或以讀做元音音素開頭的單詞前面。由于fun是不可數(shù)名詞,故前面不用冠詞。而early為元音音素開頭,故前面用不定冠詞an.綜合分析前后文及答案選項,完整句意為:—Areyouleavingnow?Havingdinnerwithyouisgreatfun!—Thanksalot,butIhavetomakeanearlystarttomorrowmorning.—你現(xiàn)在要走嗎?和你一起吃晚飯很有趣!—非常感謝,但我的明天又是早起的一天。正確答案為:C【點睛】a和an都用來修飾可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)。但a和an又有區(qū)別用法:(1)a用在以輔音音素開頭的單詞前面,例如:aman一個男人。(2)an用在以元音音素開頭的單詞前面,簡言之即an用在元音前,a用在輔音前。一般而言,元音字母發(fā)元音,輔音字母發(fā)輔音,但也有例外情況,主要有如下例外情況:(1)?拼寫以輔音字母開頭讀音卻以元音開頭的單詞。例如:hour,?honest,?honor等單詞的拼寫雖然以輔音字母h開頭,但其讀音卻以元音開頭,因此,前面要用an。(2)?拼寫以元音字母開頭讀音卻以輔音開頭的單詞。useful,?university,?usual等單詞的拼寫雖然以元音字母開頭,但其讀音卻以輔音開頭,因此,前面要用a。7.B解析:B【解析】【詳解】句意:克里斯多夫.哥倫布,探險家,來自于一個歐洲國家。考查冠詞。不定冠詞a/an用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前表泛指,a用于以輔音音素開頭的名詞前,an用于以元音音素開頭的名詞前;定冠詞the表特指;從文字的表層意思推斷空格1指“探險家”,表示一種身份,空格2指“來自一個歐洲國家”——都表泛指,所以,空格都用不定冠詞;explorer以元音音素開頭,不定冠詞用an;European以輔音音素開頭,不定冠詞用a;故選B。8.C解析:C【解析】【詳解】句意:——聽著,彈吉他的年輕女子是一位大學教師?!谋硌菹喈敳诲e??疾楣谠~。演奏某種樂器的樂器前用定冠詞the,可知“彈吉他”是palytheguitar;不定冠詞(a、an)表示泛指、類指,僅用在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前來表示"一"的意義,但不強調(diào)數(shù)目概念,只表示名詞為不特定者,a用于輔音音素開頭的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前,an用于元音音素開頭的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前,第2個空格填不定冠詞表示泛指,“一位大學教師”,university[?ju?n??v??s?ti]輔音音素開頭,可知填a;故選C。【點睛】冠詞是虛詞,本身不能單獨使用,也沒有詞義,它用在名詞的前面,幫助指明名詞的含義。英語中的冠詞有三種:定冠詞、不定冠詞、零冠詞。(一)不定冠詞a(an)與數(shù)詞one同源,是"一個"的意思,用在可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前,a用于輔音音素開頭的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前,an則用于元音音素開頭的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前。不定冠詞可表示泛指,指某類事物中的一個,意思是“一個/只…”,也用于一些固定詞組中。例如,Heisateacher.(某類事物中的一個)anhour(一個…)havearest(固定詞組)。(二)定冠詞的用法:(1)特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。(2)指雙方都知道的人或事物,例如:Openthedoor,please.(3)指上文提到的人或事物。(4)用在世界上獨一無二的事物前。例如:Thesunisbiggerthanthemoon.太陽比月亮大些。(5)用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級前。例如:Thefirstislandisthebiggestofthethree.第一個小島是三個中最大的。(6)樂器前用定冠詞the,例如,playtheguitar:彈吉他。(7)用在形容詞前表示一類人,the+形容詞指的是一群人,是一種復數(shù)含義,所以其后動詞應用復數(shù)形式。例如:Theoldaresick.(8)用于一些固定短語中,如theGreatWall:長城;theUnitedStatesofAmerica:美國。(三)零冠詞的用法,就是不用冠詞的情況。1)國名,人名前通常不用定冠詞:England,Mary。2)不可數(shù)名詞和復數(shù)名詞表示泛指時,表示一類人或事物時,可不用冠詞;Theyareteachers.他們是教師。Failureisthemotherofsuccess.失敗乃成功之母。3)在季節(jié)、月份、節(jié)日、假日、日期、星期等表示時間的名詞之前,不加冠詞;WegotoschoolfromMondaytoFriday.我們從星期一到星期五都上課。4)在三餐、球類運動和娛樂運動的名稱前,不加冠詞;如:havebreakfast,playchess。5)當by與火車等交通工具連用,表示一種方式時,中間無冠詞;bybus,bytrain;6)固定短語,如:gotohospital去醫(yī)院看??;athome,inclass,gotobed等。9.D解析:D【解析】【詳解】考查冠詞和名詞復數(shù)。句意:---你看過那位著名導演,導演的新電影了嗎?據(jù)說非常成功。---沒有,這些天我一直在忙著準備所有的辦公設備。success為不可數(shù)名詞,但asuccess強調(diào)是“一件〔個〕成功的事或人。這是抽象名詞的具體化的用法。equipment為不可數(shù)名詞,沒有復數(shù)形式,不要不定冠詞來修飾。故D選項正確?!军c睛】抽象名詞是指表示動作、狀態(tài)、品質(zhì)、感情等抽象概念的名詞。抽象名詞一般為不可數(shù)名詞,如success,progress,pity,surprise等。但是,在一定場合下,某些抽象名詞和某些物質(zhì)名詞可以具體化為個體名詞,這時它們具有可數(shù)名詞的功能,這種情況我們稱之為抽象名詞具體化?,F(xiàn)將中學階段常見的這類名詞歸納如下:一、表示抽象的特性、狀態(tài)、思維以及動作行為的一次、一種、一場、一類等的名詞,有時可具體化為可數(shù)名詞。這時常組成“a/an+形容詞+抽象名詞”結構。如:HehasagreatinterestinEnglish.他對英語顯得很感興趣。二、表示具有某種特性、狀態(tài)、情感、情緒的人或物,這類名詞有的已經(jīng)完全轉(zhuǎn)化為可數(shù)名詞,詞義也有所變化。如:抽象名詞表示具有某種特性、狀態(tài)、感情情緒的人或事。如:抽象名詞(不可數(shù))具體化(個體名詞,可數(shù)名詞)insurprise驚訝地asurprise一件令人驚訝的事winsuccess獲得成功asuccess一個(件)成功的人(事)分析句子可知,success為不可數(shù)名詞,但asuccess強調(diào)是“一件〔個〕成功的事或人。這是抽象名詞的具體化的用法。equipment為不可數(shù)名詞,沒有復數(shù)形式,不要不定冠詞來修飾。故D選項正確。10.C解析:C【詳解】句意:2021年是中國“十四五”規(guī)劃的開局之年??疾楣谠~。a一個,不定冠詞,表泛指;an一個,不定冠詞,表泛指;the定冠詞,表特指,根據(jù)固定搭配thebeginningof“……的開始”可知,應該用定冠詞the,故選C。11.C解析:C【解析】考查冠詞。第一空為固定短語:通過電話overthephone,第二空:寫信writeletters,letters前不需要加冠詞,所以選C。12.B解析:B【解析】【詳解】考查冠詞。句意:據(jù)說,這座橋建于明朝。根據(jù)句子的語境,bridge是指具體某一座橋,屬特指,故用the;某個朝代的前面要用the。故選B。13.B解析:B【解析】考查固定短語和冠詞。句意“為了保護歷史,當?shù)鼐用裾谛迯鸵淮笈鷼v史古跡?!眎nagesturetodosth.“為了做某事”,是固定搭配;排除A、C;泛指一大批用alargepercentageof...。故選B。14.A解析:A【解析】考查冠詞。句中success為成功的人,為可數(shù)名詞;athirdcar有一輛小汽車,故選A。15.C解析:C【解析】被這個奇觀吸引,這里的奇觀為特指,用定冠詞,后面自然的為泛指,nature為不可數(shù)名詞,故不用冠詞,選C.16.C解析:C【解析】【詳解】考查冠詞。句意:蛋糕很可口。他想再吃一個,因為第二個蛋糕太小了。第一空的序數(shù)詞前面加不定冠詞表示“再一,又一”;第二空特指第二個蛋糕,要用定冠詞。故選C。17.B解析:B【解析】試題分析:考查冠詞。元音開頭的此前用an表示“一”;輔音開頭的此前用“a”表示“一”。故選B??键c:考查冠詞18.A解析:A【解析】這題考查冠詞;第一空填a,泛指“一個機器人”,第二空填the,特指“在深?!保湟馐牵阂粋€工程師發(fā)明的一個機器人可以在深海工作清除廢物的。選A。19.A解析:A【解析】考查冠詞。句意:去年我們的隊去西雅圖,贏了第二。就我個人而言,我認為,冠軍隊作弊了。固定搭配:secondplace第二名;thechampion冠軍。故選A。20.D解析:D【解析】【詳解】考查冠詞。句意:慢慢來,——從這兒到那個飯店只是很短的一段距離。表示泛指用a/an;表示特指用the。ashortdistance泛指“一段距離”;特指雙方都知道的那個飯店,用the。故D選項正確。21.D解析:D【解析】句意:應該鼓勵學生把因特網(wǎng)作為一種資源來使用。本題第一空theInternet為專有名詞;第二空是不定冠詞a加可數(shù)名詞resource,意為“一種資源”,所以選D。此題考查定冠詞和不定冠詞用法的區(qū)別。theInternet是專指,不定冠詞表類指,即“因特網(wǎng)是一種資源”。二、選擇題22.A解析:A【詳解】句意:當我還是個孩子的時候,我會在一棵老樹下坐幾個小時,什么也不做,只是做著白日夢??疾椴欢ù~辨析。nothing沒有東西,沒有事情;everything每件東西,每件事情;something某件東西;anything任何東西。根據(jù)“simplydaydreaming.”只是白日做夢,可知上文說的是“沒做任何事情”。故選A。23.C解析:C【詳解】句意:——你父母對你的英語很生氣嗎?——哦,他們兩個都不生氣。他們只是告訴我下次要取得更好的成績??疾椴欢ù~。none三者或三者以上都不;both兩個都;neither兩者都沒有(作主語時,謂語用單數(shù));either二者選其一。根據(jù)“Theyjusttoldmetogetbettergradesnexttime.”可推出父母應該是不生氣,再根據(jù)空格后謂語動詞用的是is,可知此處需用neither符合語境。故選C。24.B解析:B【詳解】句意:——瑪麗,這是你的藍色自行車嗎?——不,我的是一個黑色的??疾槲镏鞔~。your你的,形容詞性物主代詞;my我的,形容詞性物主代詞;mine我的,名詞性物主代詞;yours你的,名詞性物主代詞。第一個空后是名詞bluebike,用形容詞性物主代詞,表示“你的”,排除CD;第二個空后沒有名詞,用名詞性物主代詞,表示“我的自行車”,用mine。故選B。25.C解析:C【詳解】句意:雖然我同意你說的大部分,但這并不意味著我同意一切??疾椴欢ù~。anything任何事物;nothing沒有什么;everything一切;something某些事物。根據(jù)題干中“ThoughIagreewithmostofwhatyousaid”可知此處是含讓步狀語從句的復合句,由此可知是說雖然大部分都同意,但并非全部都同意,用everything符合題意。故選C。三、選擇題26.A解析:A【詳解】句意:十歲以下的孩子不能做出很好的選擇。他們不確定哪一個對他們更好。本題考查名詞。choice選擇,progress進步,effort努力,mistake錯誤。根據(jù)“Theyarenotsurewhichisbetterforthem.”可知,他們不確定道哪一個更好,因此表示他們無法做出選擇,makechoices“做出選擇”,故選A。【點睛】27.A解析:A【詳解】句意:城市是人的手和心靈的產(chǎn)物,展示著人的智慧和創(chuàng)造力??疾槊~辨析。product產(chǎn)物;process過程;pride驕傲;possibility可能性。根據(jù)“Acityisthe...ofthehumanhandandmind”可知,此處表示城市是人的手和心靈的產(chǎn)物。故選A。28.D解析:D【詳解】句意:美國人類學家EdwardT.Hall說,在兩個人的對話中,65%的交流是通過肢體語言完成的。考查名詞。application申請;pronunciation發(fā)音;introduction介紹;communication交流。根據(jù)上文“inaconversationbetweentwopeople”提示,此處指的是在交流的過程中,故選D。29.C解析:C【詳解】句意:就目前而言,我們可以從書上或互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上收集許多信息??疾槊~辨析。idea想法,主意;method方法;information信息;suggestion建議。根據(jù)空格前形容詞“much”可知填不可數(shù)名詞,idea、method和suggestion是可數(shù)名詞,而information是不可數(shù)名詞。故選C。四、選擇題30.B解析:B【詳解】句意:——從上周五起你就一句話也沒說。怎么了?——沒什么。別管我??疾樾稳菰~辨析。simple簡單的;single單一的;similar相像的;silent沉默的。根據(jù)下文“What’swrong”和對方的回答“Justletmealone”,可推知是一句話也沒說;ACD三項不合語境,asingleword一句話,故選B。31.D解析:D【詳解】句意:——你覺得這道菜怎么樣?——看!這只不過是普通的蔬菜湯??疾樾稳菰~辨析。famous著名的;wonderful精彩的;unusual不普通的;common普通的。根據(jù)空前“Thisisnothing”可推知,后句應是要表達“只不過是普通的蔬菜湯”。故選D。32.C解析:C【詳解】句意:——你認為脫口秀怎么樣?——我認為它足夠精彩,但是有些人認為它是無聊的??疾樾稳菰~辨析和enough的位置。bored無聊的,修飾人;boring無聊的,修飾物;enough修飾形容詞時,要放在形容詞后,排除B/D;而第二空表達“無聊的”,修飾物“thetalkshow”,應用ing形容詞,故選C。33.B解析:B【詳解】句意:——你的收音機怎么了?——出來的聲音不清楚??疾樾稳菰~辨析,clean清潔的,清白的;clear清晰的,干凈的;fresh新鮮的;well健康的,明智的。根據(jù)提問是問的收音機,那么應該是聲音聽不清,故選B。34.C解析:C【詳解】句意:隨著人口的增多,世界似乎在逐漸變小??疾閯釉~辨析。作為不及物動詞,increase和grow都有“增加,增大,增長”的意思,grow一般指經(jīng)過逐漸的歷程,population作為一個抽象名詞,用來指一地(國家、都會、城鎮(zhèn))的人口,后面用increase或grow都可以的。population指人口的數(shù)量,需用“大(big/large…)或?。╯mall)”修飾,不可使用“多(much)或少(little)”修飾;可知排除A和D;thepopulation是抽象名詞,第三人稱單數(shù),可知謂語動詞使用三單形式,increase是原形,grows是三單形式,故選C。五、選擇題35.C解析:C【詳解】句意:——你看起來很害怕,怎么了?——今天早上發(fā)生了一起可怕的事故。一輛卡車開得很快,這時一位老人正要過馬路。我打賭他活不過今晚了。考查介詞辨析。along沿著;away離開;through度過;in在……里。根據(jù)“Atruckwasrunningfastwhenanoldmanwasabouttocrosstheroad”可知,這場可怕的事故里估計這位老人無法度過今晚,故選C。36.B解析:B【詳解】句意:在陽光明媚的日子里,我奶奶經(jīng)常在窗邊讀小說。考查介詞。for為了;by在旁邊;with和……一起;from來自。根據(jù)“mygrandmaoftenreadsanovel”可知,我奶奶讀小說的地方,應是在窗戶旁邊,bythewindow在窗邊,故選B。37.D解析:D【詳解】句意:讓我高興的是,我的家人總是支持我,所以我有極大的勇氣去追尋我的夢想。考查介詞的詞義辨析。past經(jīng)過,路過,超過;above在……上,多于;upon在……之上;behind在……后面,支持。根據(jù)句意所以我有極大的勇氣去追尋我的夢想,可知我的家人總是支持我。故選D。六、選擇題38.A解析:A【詳解】句意:一個連接泰興和上海的新的高速火車站將很快建成??疾閯釉~短語辨析和非謂語動詞。connect…to/with…“把……和……連接”;Anewhigh-speedrailwaystation與connect之間是邏輯上的主謂關系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。故選A。39.B解析:B【詳解】句意:——你的英語口語很好。你如何提升它?——謝謝。王老師總是讓我們在英語課上編對話,并盡可能多地練習說英語??疾閯釉~短語。takeup開始從事;makeup編造;putup張貼;mopup擦。根據(jù)空后“dialogues”可知是編造對話,用makeup符合語境。故選B。40.C解析:C【詳解】句意:——哦,我的天哪!我增重了五磅!——別擔心。對于一個成長中的青少年來說這很正常??疾閯釉~短語辨析。putup張貼;putdown放下;puton增重;putoff推遲。根據(jù)“fivepounds”及“It’snormalforagrowingteenagegirl”可知,此處指增重了五磅,故選C。41.D解析:D【詳解】句意:當你刷牙的時候,請關閉水源。考查動詞短語辨析。takedown取下;turnup調(diào)高;takeaway帶走;turnoff關掉。根據(jù)常識可知,故選D。42.B解析:B【詳解】句意:請你把燈關掉好嗎?燈亮著我睡不著??疾閯釉~短語辨析。A.打開;B.關閉;C.向(某人)求助;D.轉(zhuǎn)身。thelight燈,根據(jù)Ican'tsleepwellwithiton.可知請求關燈,故選B。七、選擇題43.B解析:B【詳解】句意:為了避免聚會,我們最好在

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