Unit1Lookitup滬教牛津版八年級(jí)上冊(cè)Whatcanwelearnfromencyclopaedias?KeyquestionReadingI主題范疇：人與社會(huì)UnitobjectivesAfterlearningthisunit,youcan:identifywhatkindsofinformationareusuallyincludedinanencyclopaedia.lookupinformationinprintoronlineencyclopaedias.talkaboutthehistoryofencyclopaedias.writeanencyclopaediaentryaboutasubject.撰寫關(guān)于某個(gè)主題的百科全書條目。確定百科全書中通常包含哪些類型的信息。在紙質(zhì)或在線百科全書中查閱信息。談?wù)摪倏迫珪臍v史。Welcomeback!Whatdidyoudoduringthesummerholiday?Lead-inWenttravelling?Watchedmovies?Didhomework?Readbooks?Haveyoueverreadanencyclopaedia?Whatisanencyclopaedia?Anencyclopaediaisabookofinformationaboutthingshumansknow.DiscussionExamplesofencyclopaediasInformationyoucanfindinanencyclopaediaAnencyclopaediagivesusinformationondifferenttypesofsubjects.HistoryofencyclopaediasChinahasalonghistoryofcreatingencyclopaedias.OneofthefirstencyclopaediaswastheHuanglan.Itwascreatedaround220CE.

AnotherimportantencyclopaediawastheYongleDadian.Itwascompletedin1408.Howdoyoufindinformationinanencyclopaedia?Whatinformationcanyouusuallyfindinanencyclopaedia?Howcanyouuseinformationfromencyclopaedias?Whatdoyouknowaboutthehistoryofencyclopaedias?Name:_________Painter:_____________VincentVanGoghSunflowers文森特·威廉·梵高Let’senjoysomefamouspaintingsfromaroundtheworld.Whileyouarewatching,lookuptheinformationfromtheencyclopedia.WarmingupName:_____________Painter:_____________DaVinci,LeonardoTheLastSupper列奧納多·達(dá)·芬奇

LeonardadaVinciwasanItalian

painter,inventor,musician,

engineerand

scientist.Let’senjoysomefamouspaintingsfromaroundtheworld.Whileyouarewatching,lookuptheinformationfromtheencyclopedia.TheMonaLisaisperhapsthemostfamouspaintingintheworld.Name:_____________Painter:_____________DaVinci,LeonardoTheMonaLisa列奧納多·達(dá)·芬奇

Let’senjoysomefamouspaintingsfromaroundtheworld.Whileyouarewatching,lookuptheinformationfromtheencyclopedia.Name:______________Painter:___________ClaudeMonetImpression,Sunrise克勞德·莫奈

Ifyouwanttoknowmoreaboutthepaintingsandartists,youcanuse……encyclopaedia印象.日出Let’senjoysomefamouspaintingsfromaroundtheworld.Whileyouarewatching,lookuptheinformationfromtheencyclopedia.SuWenislookingthroughachildren'sencyclopaedia.Ithasdifferentsubjects.HefindsanentryaboutLeonardodaVinciunderthesubjectof“Cultureandarts”,andanentryaboutdinosaursunderthesubjectof“Thelivingworld”.Whatdoyouknowaboutthesetwotopics?BeforeyoureadHowdoyoufindinformationinanencyclopaedia?蘇文正在翻閱一本兒童百科全書。這本書包含不同的主題。他在“文化與藝術(shù)”主題下找到了一篇關(guān)于列奧納多?達(dá)?芬奇的條目，在“生物世界”主題下找到了一篇關(guān)于恐龍的條目。關(guān)于這兩個(gè)主題，你了解些什么？1.WherewasLeonardodaVincifrom?a.Franceb.Italy c.theUK2.WhichofthefollowingwasLeonardodaVincinotgoodat?a.musicb.engineering c.sailing3.LeonardodaVincipainted______.

a.Sunflowersb.TheMonaLisac.Impression,Sunrise(VincentvanGogh)(ClaudeMonet)WhatdoyouknowaboutLeonardodaVinci?Numbers:66 180 1,000Factsaboutdinosaurs(1)DinosaurslivedontheEarthformorethan______millionyears.(2)Dinosaursdiedoutabout______millionyearsago.(3)Therearemorethan______knownspeciesofdinosaurs.(Youwillfindmostoftheanswersinanencyclopaedia.)Lookatthefactsaboutdinosaursandseeifyoucanworkoutwhatnumbergoesineachoftheblanks.180661000dinosaur /'da?n?s??(r)/intelligent /?n'tel?d??nt/talented /'t?l?nt?d/artistic /ɑ?'t?st?k/perhaps /p?'h?ps/notebook /'n??tb?k/vehicle /'vi??kl/prehistoric /?pri?h?'st?r?k/completely /k?m'pli?tli/n.

恐龍adj.

有才智的；聰明的adj.

有才能的；天才的adj.

有藝術(shù)天賦的adv.

可能；大概；也許n.

筆記本n.

交通工具；車輛adj.

史前的adv.

完全地；徹底地NewwordsPre-readingDaVinci,LeonardoLeonardodaVinci(1452-1519)wasanItalianpainter,inventor,musicianengineerandscientist.DaVinciDaVinciwasextremelyintelligent,andhewasunusuallytalentedinmanydifferentfields.Hewasatruegenius,andhispaintingsandinventionschangedthewaywethinkaboutartandscience.LeonardodaVinciwasborninthecountrysideinItaly.Fromanearlyage,heshowedgreatintelligenceandartistictalent.Ashegrewolder,heleanttodomanydifferentthings.Hispaintingsareveryfamous,andone,theMonaLisa,isperhapsthemostfamouspaintingintheworld,Healsohadmanyinventions.Forexample,hisnotebooksincludesomeinterestingdrawingsofflyingmachinesandothervehicles.While-reading

DinosaursDinosaursareatypeof

prehistoricanimal.Theyarerelatedto

crocodiles,snakesandlizards.Theyarealsotheancestors

oftoday’sbirds.Dinosaursfirstappearedaround245millionyearsago.Theword“dinosaur”comesfromtwoGreekwords,anditmeans“terriblelizard”.Dinosaurslivedonlandandwalkedoneithertwoorfourlegs.Manydinosaursateplants,butsomeatemeat.Dinosaurscameindifferentsizes.Somewereassmallaschickens,andotherswereasbigastenelephants.DinosaursruledtheEarthformorethan180millionyears.About66millionyearsago,dinosaurssuddenlydiedout.Scientistsarenotcompletelysurewhy.However,theyarelearningmoreandmoreaboutdinosaursbystudyingtheirfossils.ScanningWhenyouneedtofindcertaininformationinatext,youdonothavetoreadeveryword.Instead,youcanmoveyoureyesquicklyoverthetextuntilyoufindtheinformationyouneed,Thisiscalledscanning.當(dāng)你需要在一篇文本中查找特定信息時(shí)，不必逐字閱讀。相反，你可以快速掃視文本，直到找到所需信息，這種方法稱為掃讀。Scanthefirstentry

andcompletethenotes.DaVinciLeonardoYearofbirthYearofdeathCountryofbirthProfession(s)Mostfamousartworks14521519Italyapainter,inventor,musician,engineerandscientisttheMonaLisaAboutDaVinciReadthefirstarticleandanswerthequestions.1.WhatwasLeonardoDaVinci?

Hewasapainter,inventor,musician,engineerandscientist.2.WhenandwherewasDaVinciborn?

HewasborninthecountrysideofItalyin1452.3.Whendidhedie?

Hediedin1519.4.Whichofhispaintingswasthemostfamous?

TheMonaLisa.5.Whatcanwefindinhisnotebooks?

Wecanfindsomeinterestingdrawingsofflyingmachinesandothervehiclesinhisnotebooks.Belowaresomenotesabouttheencyclopaediaarticlesonpage3,butsomeofthefactsarewrong.Readthearticlesandcorrectthenotesifnecessary.DaVinci,Leodardo a.Helivedfrom1425to1519. b.Hewasborninthecity. c.Heshowedgreatartisticabilityfromanearlyage. d.Heisfamousforhispaintingsandbooks.countryside√inventions1452Scanthesecondentry

andcompletethenotes.DinosaursTimeperiod:Size:Diets:Animalsrelatedtodinosaurs:Thingsscientistsarenotsureabout:From245millionyearsagoto66millionyearsagoSomewereassmallaschickens,andotherswereasbigastenelephants.Manydinosaursateplants,butsomeatemeat.crocodiles,snakesandlizardswhydinosaurssuddenlydiedoutReadthesecondarticleandanswerthequestions.1.WhendiddinosaursfirstappearonEarth?

Theyfirstappearedaround245millionsyearsago.2.Wherediddinosaurslive?

Theylivedonland.3.Weredinosaurssamllorbig?

Someweresmallandotherswerebig.4.Whatdiddinosaurseat?

Manydinosaursateplantsandsomeatemeat.5.Howdoweknowaboutdinosaurs?

Weknowaboutdinosaursfromtheirfossils.Readthesecondarticle.Findoneortwosentencesfromthearticletomatcheachpicture.AboutDinosaursDinosaursfirstappearedaround245millionyearsago.Readthesecondarticle.Findoneortwosentencesfromthearticletomatcheachpicture.AboutDinosaursTheyarerelatedtocrocodiles,snakesandlizards.Readthesecondarticle.Findoneortwosentencesfromthearticletomatcheachpicture.AboutDinosaursTheyarealsotheancestorsoftoday’sbirds.Readthesecondarticle.Findoneortwosentencesfromthearticletomatcheachpicture.AboutDinosaursDinosaurslivedonlandandwalkedoneithertwoorfourlegs.Readthesecondarticle.Findoneortwosentencesfromthearticletomatcheachpicture.AboutDinosaursManydinosaursateplants,butsomeatemeat.Readthesecondarticle.Findoneortwosentencesfromthearticletomatcheachpicture.AboutDinosaursSomewereassmallaschickens.Otherswereasbigastenelephants.Readthesecondarticle.Findoneortwosentencesfromthearticletomatcheachpicture.AboutDinosaursDinosaursruledtheEarthformorethan180millionyears.About66millionyearsago,dinosaurssuddenlydiedout.Readthesecondarticle.Findoneortwosentencesfromthearticletomatcheachpicture.AboutDinosaursHowever,theyarelearningmoreandmoreaboutdinosaursbystudyingtheirfossils.MoreaboutDinosaursDinosaurs a.TheylivedonEarthabout66thousandyearsago. b.Someweresmall;otherswerehuge. c.Allofthematemeat. d.Somediedoutsuddenly.millionSomeAll√Readthearticlesandcorrectthenotesifnecessary.(P5)2.Thetwoencyclopaediaentriesarefromdifferentsubjectsofthesameencyclopaedia.Underwhichsubjectsshouldweputthefollowingentries?Cultureandarts:_____________________________________________________________Thelivingworld:____________________________________________________________ClaudeMonetinsectsthegiantpandafestivals

LudwigvanBeethoven

typesofplantsClaudeMonetfestivalsLudwigvanBeethoveninsectsthegiantpandatypesofplantsDiscussthequestionsbelow.(1)Whendoyouneedtofindinformationinanencyclopaedia?(2)Whatisthedifferencebetweenadictionaryandanencyclopaedia?IcanuseanencyclopaediawhenIwanttolearnaboutatopicindetail—likehistory,science,orfamouspeople.Ithelpsmegetclearandfullinformation.Adictionarytellsyouaboutwords:theirmeanings,howtosaythem,andhowtousethem.Anencyclopaediatellsyouabouttopics:events,animals,ideas,andmore.Itgivesfactsaboutmanythingsintheworld.1Elephants_____2Sound_____3TheStoneAge_____4Opera_____5Pianos_____6Light_____7QinShihuang_____hTrees_____Inwhichoftheencyclopaediasbelowcanyoufindinformationonthefollowingtopics?Writethecorrectlettersintheblanks.abcdda/bcbbacdAfter-readingHomework1.聽并跟讀Reading部分，復(fù)述課文;2.完成課本P7的練習(xí)題。Unit1Lookitup滬教牛津版八年級(jí)上冊(cè)Whatcanwelearnfromencyclopaedias?KeyquestionReadingII主題范疇：人與社會(huì)目錄Revision1Vocabulary2Languagepoints3Practice4RevisionRetellthestorywiththemindmapping.(6)_________________________________________________(1)Someanimalsarehighly__________(line3).Theyaresosmartthattheycanbetrainedtounderstandsomehumanlanguage.(2)Mybrotherisavery_________(line4)pianoplayer.Hehasanaturalabilitytoplayverywellfromayoungage.(3)Kate’s________(line8)abilityisamazing:sheisverygoodatdrawing.(4)Peoplesaythat________(line12)withoutdriverswillbequitenormalinthefuture.Itwillbeverycommontoseeabusorcarwithoutadriver!(5)Thedodo,alargebirdthatcouldn’tfly,__________(line2l)hundredsofyearsago,sotherearen’tanylivingdodosonEarth.Vocabulary1Thewordsinitalicsexplainthemeaningsoffourwordsandonephrasefromtheencyclopaediaentriesonpage5.Findthemandcompletethesentences.intelligenttalentedartisticvehiclesdiedoutInthe1990s,researchersinChinadiscoveredsomethingsurprisingaboutdinosaurs:someofthese(1)____________animalshadfeathers.Thisdiscoveryhelpedexplaintheconnectionbetweenbirdsanddinosaurs.Accordingtoscientists,allthenon-birddinosaurs(2)________,butdinosaurssurvivedasbirds.Infact,birdsdevelopedfrom(3)__________two-legged,meat-eatingdinosaurscalledtheropods.(4)_________

you’veseenexcitingmoviesaboutdinosaurslikeT-Rex.Well,thosehugedinosaurscomefromthesamefamilyasbirds.Today’sducksandchickensaren’tscary,buttheyareactuallyrelatedtoT-Rex!Inoneway,thedinosaursneverdisappeared(5)____________—theyjustbecamesmaller.atypeof completely dieout perhaps prehistoricprehistoricdieoutatypeofcompletelyPerhaps2.Hereismoreinformationfromtheencyclopaedia.Completethepassagewiththewordsandphrasesbelow.Changetheformifnecessary.1.一種 _______________(P5)2.與……屬于同一種類_______________(P5)3.滅絕 _______________(P5)4.在……方面有天賦 _______________(P5)5.思考；考慮 _______________(P5)Findthephrasesatypeofberelatedto dieoutbetalentedin...thinkabout6.出生在…… _______________(P5)7.從很小的時(shí)候 _______________(P5)8.例如 _______________(P5)9.來自 _______________(P5)10.和……一樣…… _______________(P5)11.超過 _______________(P5)bebornin...fromanearlyageforexamplecomefromas...as...morethanLanguagepoints1.LeonardodaVinci(1452-1519)wasanItalianpainter,inventor,musician,engineerandscientist.1)inventor n發(fā)明家 invention n

發(fā)明物

invent v

發(fā)明2)英文中，-er/-or/-ist/-ian表示行為者，“……的人”1.愛迪生，一個(gè)偉大的發(fā)明家，發(fā)明了電燈。________________________________________________2.傳真機(jī)在當(dāng)時(shí)是一項(xiàng)了不起的發(fā)明。________________________________________________即學(xué)即練Edison,agreatinventor,inventedtheelectriclightlamp.Faxmachineswereawonderfulinventionatthattime.2.DaVinciwasextremely

intelligent,andhewasunusually

talentedinmanydifferentfields.1)intelligent

形容詞，意為“有才智的；聰明的”，其名詞為intelligence(智力；才智)。2)talented

形容詞，意為“有才能的；有天賦的”；betalentedin...意為“在……方面有天賦”;其名詞為talent(天才；天賦)。3)句中的extremely(極其),unusually(不尋常地)都是副詞，修飾后面的形容詞。句意：達(dá)?芬奇極為聰慧，且在許多不同領(lǐng)域都天賦異稟。即學(xué)即練湯姆智商很高，在數(shù)學(xué)方面很有天賦——他是個(gè)聰明的學(xué)生。他在音樂方面也是個(gè)天才。Tomhashigh___________andhe___________________________math—he’s______________student.Heisalsoa______inmusic.intelligenceisveryanintelligenttalenttalentedin3.Ashegrewolder,helearnttodomanydifferentthings.1)as相當(dāng)于when，意為“隨著；當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”。2)learntodosth. 學(xué)習(xí)做某事1.Thelittleboy’sinterestinsciencegrew______helearnedmoreexperiments.A.as B.while C.until D.before2.Hefinallylearned______aftermanyfailedattempts.A.swimming B.toswim C.swam D.swims即學(xué)即練句意：隨著漸漸長(zhǎng)大，他學(xué)會(huì)做許多不同的事情。4.DaVinciwasborninthecountryside.1)beborn出生（常用過去式）2)bebornin+年份、地點(diǎn)

bebornon+具體某一天3)*(not)bebornyesterday（并非）三歲小孩1.他于2000年在廣州出生。________________________________________________2.莉莉出生于一個(gè)寒冷的冬天早晨。________________________________________________即學(xué)即練HewasborninGuangzhouin2000.Lilywasbornonacoldwintermorning.句意：達(dá)·芬奇出生于農(nóng)村。5.Forexample,hisnotebooksincludesomeinterestingdrawingsofflyingmachinesandothervehicles.1)forexample意為“例如”，后面要有逗號(hào)，一般舉同類中“一個(gè)”為例。用于句首，句中，句末均可。2)suchas后面不可有逗號(hào)。一般列舉同類人或事物中的幾個(gè)例子。用于句中。1.他喜歡吃水果，比如芒果，梨，香蕉。________________________________________________2.比如，我在寫作方面有困難。________________________________________________即學(xué)即練Helikeseatingfruitsuchasmangoes,pearsandbananas.Forexample,Ihavetroubleinwriting.句意：例如，他的筆記本里含有一些有趣的飛行器圖紙。3)include

v.包括，包含4)including

prep.

包括，包含1.這個(gè)價(jià)錢包括房子和里面的家具。________________________________________________2.包括元旦在內(nèi)我有三天假。________________________________________________即學(xué)即練Thepriceincludesbothhouseandfurniture.I’vegotthreedays’holidayincludingNewYear’sDay.范圍中文用法搭配theother單獨(dú)使用或后接名詞單數(shù)one...theotheranother無范圍1.one...anotherother后接名詞復(fù)數(shù)1.some...other+名詞復(fù)數(shù)otherssome...others2者另一個(gè)其他的其他人或物another+數(shù)字+名詞復(fù)數(shù)=數(shù)字+more+名詞復(fù)數(shù)表示“再多幾個(gè)……”單獨(dú)使用2.oneanther相互2.eachother相互即學(xué)即練1.Sometimes,Iwoulddrawpicturesof___fishandseaplants.(22年中考)A.other B.others C.theother D.theothers2.“Ifyoutwoaredoingsuchagoodjob,Ishallfollow!”Anddownitwent.“AndI!”said___.(21年中考)A.others B.theother C.theothers D.another3.Assoonashereadsonebook,hebringshome___.(20年中考)A.other B.another C.theother D.theothers4.Yes,hedideverythingwellandlivedfor___16years.(19年中考)A.another B.other C.others D.theothers5.Whenananimaldies,itbecomes___animals’food.A.another B.other C.others D.theothers6.Ihavetwobooks.Oneisanovel,and___isatextbook.A.theother B.another C.other D.others7.Somestudentslikemath,while___preferEnglish.A.theother B.another C.other D.others8.Whenananimaldies,itbecomes___animal’sfood.A.another B.other C.others D.theothers9.Iboughtfiveapples.TwoareforTom,and___areformyself.A.theother B.another C.other D.theothers10.Thetwofriendsoftenhelpeach___withhomework.A.theother B.another C.other D.theothers6.Dinosaursareatypeofprehistoricanimal.1)atypeof意為“一種”，同義表達(dá)：akindof；2)prehistoric

形容詞，意為“史前的”，可拆分為：前綴pre-(前)+historic(有歷史的)。1.三葉蟲是一種存在于史前時(shí)期的生物。Atrilobiteis__________creaturethatexistedin_________times.2.蝴蝶是一種昆蟲。________________________________________________即學(xué)即練atypeofprehistoric句意：恐龍是一種史前動(dòng)物。Abutterflyisatypeofinsect.7.Somedinosaurswereassmallaschickens.Otherswereasbigastentelephants.1)some…others…

一些……其他的……2)asadj/adv原級(jí)as…

和……一樣……1.有些人喜歡跑步，其他人喜歡游泳。________________________________________________2.健康和財(cái)富一樣重要。________________________________________________即學(xué)即練Somelikerunning.Otherslikeswimming.Healthisasimportantaswealth.句意：有些恐龍和小雞一樣小，有些則有十頭大象那么大。8.Dinosaurslivedonlandandwalkedoneithertwoorfourlegs.either...or

意為“要么……要么……；或者……或者”，用于連接兩個(gè)并列的選項(xiàng)，前后需保持詞性一致。當(dāng)連接兩個(gè)主語時(shí)，遵循“就近原則”。1.他要么走路去學(xué)校，要么騎自行車去。

Hegoestoschool_____onfoot_____bybike.2.要么你錯(cuò)了，要么我錯(cuò)了。

_____youor__________wrong.即學(xué)即練eitheror句意：恐龍生活在陸地上，用兩條腿或四條腿行走。EitherIam9.About66millionyearsago,dinosaurssuddenlydiedout.1)dieout

滅亡，消失2)die-died-died-dyingdying adj.奄奄一息的dead adj.死的

death n.死亡

1.我想教愛爾蘭語，這樣它就不會(huì)徹底消失。________________________________________________即學(xué)即練IwanttoteachIrishsothatitwon’tdieout.句意：大約6600萬年前，恐龍突然滅絕了。Practice一、根據(jù)句意和所給的首字母填空。1.Scientistsrecentlyfoundad________fossilwithfeathers,rewritingtheoriesaboutp________life.2.TheAIrobotissoi________itcansolvecomplexpuzzles.3.At________teencreatedaviralapptohelppeoplereducefoodwaste.4.P________electric