Optionalcompulsory3Unit2

OutofthisworldⅠ.閱讀理解(2025·湖北武漢)NASA'sJamesWebbSpaceTelescopehasrevealedaplanet,WASP-107b.Theplanet,whichorbitsaK-typestarinundersixdays,hasalreadycaughttheattentionofastronomersandbeenconsideredanoddthing,foritssizeisabout1，316timeslargerthanthatoftheEarthbutitsmassonlyabout30timesheavier,earningitthenameofthe“candyfloss”(棉花糖)planet.Thelatestobservationsgiveastrangeworldbeyondoursolarsystem.“Ourunderstandingofotherplanetsdependsonwhatweknowfromourownplanet，”saysProf.LeenDecin,firstauthoroftheresearch.“That'sveryrestrictedknowledge.Butexploringspacerequiresmore.”Theplanetwasdiscoveredin2017,afterastronomersspottedlightfromitshoststar,eachtimetheplanetpassedinfrontofit.“It'slikeaflyinfrontofastreetlamp,”

saysDecin.JamesWebbtakestheseobservationstothenextlevelbymeasuringstarlightshiningthroughtheplanet'satmosphere.Becausedistinctelementsabsorblightofdistinctwavelengths,thebandofcoloredstarlightindicateswhichgasesarepresent.Thelatestobservationsofthe“candyfloss”planetrevealevidenceofgaseslikewatervapor(水蒸氣)intheatmosphere.Itisalsothefirsttimethatthechemicalcompositionofcloudsonanotherplanethasbeenidentified—inthiscase,akindofspecialsand.Theplanet'satmospherewouldfeaturesomethingsimilartotheEarth'swatercyclebutinvolvesandcyclingbetweensolidandgaseousstates.Fromthehotter,lowerlevels,withtemperaturescloseto1,000℃,somesteamwouldriseup,coolandformgrainsofsandtoosmalltosee.Eventually,thesecloudsofsandwouldbecomeheavyenoughandtheywouldrainback.“Theuniversehassomanysurprises,”

saysDecin.“Idovisualizevariousalternativewaysforlifetoformonanotherplanet.ItmightbeverydifferentfromsomethingyouknowhereontheEarth.Wehavetobroadenourimagination.”1.WhyisWASP-107bthoughtstrange?A.Ithasshiningstarlight. B.Itorbitstheparentstarquickly.C.Itislargebutrelativelylight. D.Itisintheshapeofcandyfloss.2.Whatrestrictspeople'sknowledgeofotherplanets?A.Unforeseenproblemsinspaceexploration. B.LimitedinformationfromtheEarth.C.Strictrequirementsfordirectobservations. D.Lackofsupportforin-depthresearch.3.WhichaspectofWASP-107bismainlytalkedaboutinparagraph4?A.Itssandcycling. B.ItssimilaritiestotheEarth.C.Itsweatherpatterns. D.Itsatmosphericconditions.4.WhatdoDecin'swordsimplyinthelastparagraph?A.AstronomyimproveslifeontheEarth.B.Lifemightexistinouterspace.C.Lifeonotherplanetsbringssurprises.D.Researchersshouldbemorecreative.答案及解析：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了美國航空與航天局太空望遠(yuǎn)鏡發(fā)現(xiàn)了一顆下沙雨的行星WASP-107b，介紹了這顆行星的情況。1.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Theplanet,whichorbitsaK-typestarinundersixdays…earningitthenameofthe‘candyfloss’(棉花糖)planet.(這顆行星在不到六天的時間里繞著一顆K型恒星運(yùn)行一周，已經(jīng)引起了天文學(xué)家的注意，并被認(rèn)為是一件奇怪的事情，因?yàn)樗拇笮〖s為地球的1316倍，但質(zhì)量只有地球的30倍左右，因此被稱為‘棉花糖’行星。)”可知，WASP-107b被認(rèn)為很奇怪是因?yàn)樗w積大，但重量相對較輕。故選C。2.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“‘Ourunderstandingofotherplanetsdependsonwhatweknowfromourownplanet,’

saysProf.LeenDecin,firstauthoroftheresearch.‘That'sveryrestrictedknowledge.Butexploringspacerequiresmore.’(該研究的第一作者LeenDecin教授說：‘我們對其他行星的理解取決于我們在地球上獲得的信息。這是非常有限的知識。但探索太空需要更多?！?”可知，來自地球的信息有限，限制了人們對其他星球的了解。故選B。3.D段落大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Thelatestobservationsofthe‘candyfloss’

planetreveal…becomeheavyenoughandtheywouldrainback.(對這顆‘棉花糖’行星的最新觀測揭示了大氣中存在水蒸氣等氣體的證據(jù)。這也是第一次在另一顆行星上發(fā)現(xiàn)云層的化學(xué)成分——在這種情況下，是一種特殊的沙子。這顆行星的大氣層特征與地球的水循環(huán)相似，但包括固態(tài)和氣態(tài)之間的沙循環(huán)。在溫度接近1000℃的較熱、較低的地方，一些蒸汽會上升、冷卻并形成小得看不見的沙粒。最終，這些沙云會變得足夠重，然后又會下雨。)”可知，第四段主要討論了WASP-107b的大氣條件。故選D。4.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“‘Theuniversehassomanysurprises,’

saysDecin.‘Idovisualizevariousalternativewaysforlifetoformonanotherplanet.ItmightbeverydifferentfromsomethingyouknowhereontheEarth.Wehavetobroadenourimagination.’(Decin說：‘宇宙有很多驚喜。我確實(shí)設(shè)想了在另一個星球上形成生命的各種不同方式。它可能與你在地球上所知道的非常不同。我們必須拓寬我們的想象力?！?”可知，Decin在最后一段的話暗示了外太空可能存在生命。故選B。Ⅱ.七選五(2024·河北邢臺)BenefitsofSpaceExplorationOnApril12,1961,theRussianastronautYuriGagarinbecamethefirsthumantojourneytoouterspace.Theageofspaceexplorationstartedthatday.__1__?Well,theanswerissimple.Thebenefitsofspace,includingmedical,technologicalandeconomicbenefits,aremorethanthedangersofit.?Medicalbenefits

__2__.Analyzingtheeffectsofzero-gravityonbloodcirculation(循環(huán))ledtomanydiscoveriesonhowtopreventsometypesofheartfailure.Andtheexperimentsandmeasurementsofbonestrengthandbonelossinastronautshavehelpeddoctorsbetterunderstandbonediseases.Ⅱ.完形填空(2024·河北石家莊)AgrandmotherwasfilmedtakingnotesduringaMarvelsuperheromoviemarathon,whichatthispointincludes30movies.Shewantedtobeclosertoher__1__andtalktothemabouttheir__2__.CherylSkiados,whoisinher70s,has13grandkids__3__,agedfrom6to22,andthey'reallbigMarvelfans.Ratherthanwritingofftheirinterestsassillyasothergrandparentsare__4__doing,shedecidedtotrytogetonthesame__5__asthem.“Ijust__6__mygrandparents,andInoticedmygrandmawasmakingherwaythroughalltheMarvelmovies,”said18-year-oldJackson.“Shewas__7__themintheordertheycameoutandsheaskedifIwantedtowatchonewithher,soofcourse,Isaidyes__8__.”?__3__Thespaceracehasledtotechnologicaladvancementsintheshortestperiodoftime,suchasvacuum-sealed(真空密封的)food,fireproofmaterialsandmodernvacuumcleaners.__4___.Yet,weevendon'tknowthatsomeNASAengineersoriginallydevelopedthemfortheApolloprogramthattookhumankindtothemoon.Asyoucansee,itisimportantforustokeeppushingthelimitsofspaceexploration.Whoknowswhatkindofnewtechnologiescouldbedevelopedthatwillmakeourliveseasierinthefuture.?CreationofSTEMjobsSpaceexplorationisoneoftheindustriesthatrequirethelargestpercentageofSTEM(Science,Technology,Engineering,andMathematics)jobs.Alotofthosejobsarepositionsforengineers,dataanalysts,doctors,biologistsandsoon.Althoughthesepositionsrequirehighlyqualifiedpeopletofillthem,theyaresomeofthehighest-paidjobsinthemarket.__5__.A.SpacetourismindustryB.DevelopmentofnewtechnologiesC.Today,westillusetheminourdailylivesD.IsexploringspaceawasteoftimeandmoneyE.So,thegrowingspaceindustrycreateshigh-paidjobsF.ThemedicalbenefitsofspaceexplorationreacheveryareaofthehumanbodyG.Whyshouldwespendsomuchtimeandmoneyexploringdangerousenvironments答案及解析：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了太空探索的好處。1.G下文“Well,theanswerissimple.(好吧，答案很簡單。)”可知，空處是一個問題，結(jié)合下文“Thebenefitsofspace,includingmedical,technologicalandeconomicbenefits,aremorethanthedangersofit.(太空帶來的好處，包括醫(yī)療、技術(shù)和經(jīng)濟(jì)上的好處，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于它帶來的危險(xiǎn)。)”介紹太空探索帶來的好處遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于它的危險(xiǎn)可知，空處應(yīng)該是在問為什么需要探索太空，G項(xiàng)“為什么我們要花這么多的時間和金錢去探索危險(xiǎn)的環(huán)境”符合，選項(xiàng)中關(guān)鍵詞dangerous和空后的dangers相對應(yīng)。故選G。2.F根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“Medicalbenefits(醫(yī)療好處)”可知，本段主要介紹太空探索的醫(yī)療好處，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“太空探索的醫(yī)學(xué)益處覆蓋到人體的每個部分”符合，選項(xiàng)中Themedicalbenefits呼應(yīng)小標(biāo)題。故選F。3.B根據(jù)小標(biāo)題下的“Thespaceracehasledtotechnologicaladvancementsintheshortestperiodoftime,suchasvacuum-sealed(真空密封的)food,fireproofmaterialsandmodernvacuumcleaners.(太空競賽在最短的時間內(nèi)帶來了技術(shù)進(jìn)步，如真空密封食品、防火材料和現(xiàn)代真空吸塵器。)”可知，本段主要講述了太空探索帶來了科技的進(jìn)步，B項(xiàng)“新技術(shù)的發(fā)展”適合作本段的小標(biāo)題。故選B。4.C根據(jù)空前句“Thespaceracehasledtotechnologicaladvancementsintheshortestperiodoftime,suchasvacuum-sealed(真空密封的)food,fireproofmaterialsandmodernvacuumcleaners.(太空競賽在最短的時間內(nèi)帶來了技術(shù)進(jìn)步，如真空密封食品、防火材料和現(xiàn)代真空吸塵器。)”可知，太空競賽帶來了一系列科技產(chǎn)品，C項(xiàng)“今天，我們?nèi)匀辉谌粘Ｉ钪惺褂盟鼈儭背薪由衔?，其中“them”代指上文提到的“vacuum-sealed(真空密封的)food,fireproofmaterialsandmodernvacuumcleaners”。故選C。5.E上文“Spaceexplorationisoneoftheindustries…theyaresomeofthehighest-paidjobsinthemarket.[太空探索是需要最多STEM(科學(xué)、技術(shù)、工程和數(shù)學(xué))工作的行業(yè)之一。很多這樣的工作都是工程師、數(shù)據(jù)分析師、醫(yī)生、生物學(xué)家等等的職位。盡管這些職位需要高素質(zhì)的人才來填補(bǔ)，但它們是市場上薪酬最高的工作之一。]”可知，太空探索創(chuàng)造了高薪工作，E項(xiàng)“因此，不斷發(fā)展的太空產(chǎn)業(yè)創(chuàng)造了高薪工作”符合，是對上文的總結(jié)，空前關(guān)鍵詞thehighest-paidjobs呼應(yīng)選項(xiàng)中的high-paidjobs。故選E。Ⅲ.讀后續(xù)寫閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。(2024·廣東汕頭)MyFather'sSonIt'shardbeinganastronaut'sson.Ioftenwonderhowmyfathereverhadasonlikeme.Imeanhe'ssospecialandsogoodateverythinghedoes.ButI'mjustanaverageeleven-year-oldkid.NowadaysIdreamaboutbeingafamouswriter,butIusedtodreamaboutdoingsomethingspectaculartoimpressmyfatherandmakehimproudofme—somethinglikerescuingachildfromaburningbuildingorchasingarobberawayfromanoldlady.Iwasdaydreaminginschoolonemorning.IwasdaydreamingaboutbeingsomekindofherowhenmyfriendEllenremindedmeofmyEnglishteacher'sannouncementaboutaFather'sDayessaycontest.“IhopewehaveawinnerrighthereinmyEnglishclass,”

shesaid.“Therearethreeprizesforeachofyou.”WhenIgothome,Ikissedmymomquickly.ThenIwentupstairstomyroomandsatdownwithapenandapadofpaper.IstartedtothinkaboutwhatIwouldwrite.HowdidIseemyfather?Hmm.Isawhimteachingmehowtouseabatandhowtothrowabaseball.IrememberedhowhehuggedmeforhourswhenmydogSpottywashitandkilledbyacar.AndIrememberedhowhesatandtriedtoexplaindeathtomewhenGrandpaBobdied.ThesewerethethingsIwasgoingtowriteaboutmydad.Tome,hewasn'tjustaworld-famousastronaut.Hewasmydad.Iwroteaboutallthesememoriesandputtheminmyessay.IhandeditinthenextdayandwassurprisedtofindoutthatthewinningessayswouldbereadintheauditoriumonThursdaynight.Alltheparentsandstudentswereinvited.

MyparentsandIwenttoschoolonThursdaynight.Oneofourneighborssaid,“Ibetyou'llwinthecontest,David.Ibetyouwrotewhatit'sliketobethesonofanastronaut,andyou'retheonlyoneintownwhocouldwriteaboutthat.”注意：續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個左右。Ishruggedandthenthefirstprizewinner,Ellen,

wasannounced.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Surprisedandthrilled,Iwentuptothestage.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Onepossibleversion：Ishruggedandthenthefirstprizewinner,Ellen,wasannounced.Thoughdeepdown,Ididn'twanttowinjustbecausemyfatherwasanastronaut,Iwasrelievedanddisappointedatthesametimeatthenews.WhenEllenreadtotheend,Iheardachorusofpraiseandsawtearsrunningdownmyparents'face.Somehow,amixedfeelingwelledup