閱讀理解專項練習（一）

高考英語閱讀理解語篇的讀解實力培育

（訓練步驟：第一，先閱讀每個段落的提問；其次，自己思索答案：第三，看參考答案：第四，最終再閱讀全

文。）

段落一：

?ForalmosttwomonthsDominicYork,a23-year-oldhairdresser,wanderedabouthospitalsallnight,

wearingawhitecoatandpretendinghewasadoctor.②Yesterdayheproudlyclaimedincourtthatdespite

hiscompletelackofmedicalexperienceorqualifications,hehadsavedseveralpeople'slives.@He

hadevenbeenallowedtoassistasurgeonduringanemergencyoperationonapatientwhowasaboutto

dieonsomethingshehadswallowed.

?本段交代了幾件事情？

答：本段交代了兩件事情。首句介紹了一個叫DominicYork的青年幾乎兩個月以來在醫(yī)院周邊走動。后兩句話講

解并描述這名青年干過的“偉業(yè)”。

?句②和句③是什么關系？

答：句③是對句②的遞進說明。該青年不但救了好幾人的命，還能被準許在挽救一瀕死女子（she）的手術中幫

個忙,

?句②交代了什么重要內(nèi)容？

答：該句的incourt表明該人上了法庭。句②和句③的內(nèi)容都是DominicYork在法庭上的陳述。

段落二：

①“1watchedoneofthoseTVdramasaboutahospitalandsuddenly1feltlikeplayingoneofthe

rolesmyseif.②SoIputonawhitejacketandastethoscope（聽診器）andwalkedaroundoneofthebiggest

hospitalinLondon.@Atfii'stIjustwatched.?Onceyoulearnhowdoctorstalktopatients,nursesand

othersdoctors,it'seasytotakepeoplein,“hesaid.

?本段交代了幾件事情？

答：本段交代了兩件事情。針對上段第一句講解并描述DominicYork的青年幾乎兩個月以來在醫(yī)院周邊走動，

本段句①句②說明白他這么做的緣由。句③和句④講解并描述這名青年到醫(yī)院后的舉動以及如此舉動的緣由。

?句③和句④是什么關系？

答：句④是對句③的說明說明。青年DominicYork為什么在一起先僅僅在那兒視察（justwatch）?因為他知

道，一旦（once）學會了醫(yī)生是如何講話的，那么自己就能順當?shù)孛俺?，而不被人識破。

段落三：

?OnoofthepatientshetreatedwasLauraKennan.②Shehadbeenknockeddownbyacarandfainted.

③*henshecametoinhospiLal,Yorkwasstandingoverher.

?本段交代了幾件事情？

答：本段交代了三件事情。第一件事情是介紹一名被DominicYork治療過的叫作LauraKennan病人：再就是

介紹這個病人因何事被送往醫(yī)院；最終交代該人一進醫(yī)院，DominicYork就站在她旁邊。

?句②交代了什么重要內(nèi)容？

答：該句介紹了LauraKennan因何被送往醫(yī)院：是因為被汽車撞倒后不省人事。

段落四：

①“Helookedveryprofessional.②HetoldmehisnamewasDoctorSimon.③Thenhegavemesomesort

ofinjection,**shesaid.④Andthenhesuddenlyclearedoffwhenanurseaskedwhohewas.⑤Shedicin't

thinktherewasanythingwrong.⑤“Iwouldneverhaverealizedhewasafakeifapolicewomanhadn't

showedmehisphotographaweeklater.?Whenthepolicewomantoldmewhohereallywas,Icouldhardly

believemyears.”

?本段交代了幾件事情？

答：本段是女病人LauraKennan對當時情景的講解并描述?？梢酝茢?，LauraKennan是在法庭(incourt)的

證人席上講此番話的。

?句①句②和句③交代了什么重要內(nèi)容？

答：該句交代了LauraKennan見到假醫(yī)生DominicYork后的第一印象。他雖然是個冒牌醫(yī)生，但是看上去很

是專業(yè)(veryprofessional),還起了個假稱呼(DoctorSimon)?這個假醫(yī)生還給LauraKennan注射了什么。

?句④和句⑤以及句⑥是什么關系？

答：句⑤是對句④的交代說明。句④講DominicYork被護士詢問后突然(suddenly)消逝(clearoff),按

說這一狀況很是令人生疑，可或許是因為他裝得太專業(yè)了(lookedveryprofessional),以至于lauraKennan不

認為這有什么不對勁(didn*tthinktherewasanythingwrong)0

?句⑥和句⑤是什么關系？

答：句⑥是對句⑤的進一步說明。不但她(LauraKennan)當時沒看出異樣，就是事后也覺察不出異樣。要不

是警察提示，她將恒久被瞞在鼓里。句⑥的語氣是對過去事情的一種虛擬假設：“要不是警察在一周后向他出示該

假醫(yī)生的照片，她將恒久不能意識到(wouldneverhaverealized)該人是冒牌醫(yī)生?！倍聦嵣夏兀旒瘸鍪?/p>

了照片，她也意識到了該人是冒牌大夫。

?句⑦交代了什么重要內(nèi)容？

答：句⑦側(cè)面強化了句①。他裝得太象了(lookedveryprofessional),以至于當LauraKennan被告之真相

后，竟然幾乎不敢(couldhardly)信任自己的耳朵(believemyears)。

段落五：

?JudgeRaymondAdamstoldYorkthathewas“shockedandhorrified“thathegotawaywithhisdeceiving

forsolong.②Andthensentencedhimtoeighteenmonthsinaspecialprisonforcriminalwithmental

disorders.

?本段交代了幾件事情？

答：由于文章首段句②里的incourt交代了假醫(yī)生DominicYork在法庭上做著陳述，因此本段筆鋒一轉(zhuǎn)，講

起了法庭里的另一主角：法官。本段描述法官的審判感受以及斷案結(jié)果。

?句①句②交代了什么重要內(nèi)容？

答：句①交代了法官的審判感受，假醫(yī)生屢屢得手后的逃離令他(he)乂驚又怕(shockedandhorrified)o

是呀，這假大夫治病，那后果可難說啊。

句②交代了法官的審判結(jié)果，他把這假大夫DwinicYork關到一個為精神異樣的犯人打算的特別監(jiān)獄里，刑期

18個月。

段落六：

①"Icanonlyhopethatthiswillnotleadtofurtherproblems.②Afterall,youwillhaveconsiderable

opportunitytostudythebehaviourofthepsychiatrists(精神科醫(yī)生)whowilllookafteryouwhileyouare

there.@Ifyoutrytopersuadepeoplethatyouyourselfareapsychiatristafteryouaresetfree,T

shal1makesurethatyouaregivenamuchlongersentence."JudgeAdamswarnedYork.

?本段交代了什么事情？

答：本段交代了法官在審判后對被告人DominicYork的警告(naming)。

?句①和句②是什么關系？

答：句②是對句①的說明說明。為什么法官講自己僅能希望(canonlyhope)這將不會導致更多麻煩(further

problems)?是因為DominicYork被關進了一個常接觸醫(yī)生的監(jiān)獄，在那里其有足夠的機會去視察學習(have

considerableopportunitytostudy)精神科醫(yī)生的舉止，萬一他出獄后改成冒充精神科醫(yī)生，干起了精神病治精

神病的事兒，豈不更遭？

?句③交代了什么重要內(nèi)容？

答：為了防止出現(xiàn)句①所述的更多麻煩，法官只能威逼被告：“要是你敢在釋放后(afteryouaresetfree)

冒充精神科醫(yī)生，我定將加重判決”。

1、快速閱讀題干，通過題干先對問題做一些區(qū)分。一般來說，出題人在題目的設置方面，都會根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容來依

次設置問題的依次。問題設置的難度也是由淺入深。所以，大家在第一遍閱讀文章時，基本上可以將該篇文章的1-3

小題做出答案或是找到問題在文章中顯示的位置。假如是考細微環(huán)節(jié)的題目，你可以在第一遍閱讀文章的時候，拿

鉛筆把題干中最具代表性的幾個詞劃出來，為其次遍精讀時找尋答案或是思索答案做鋪墊。

2、看過題干之后，再返回原文閱讀，在閱讀的過程中不用過于留意詞句的把握，遇到不相識的單詞不必作太久的停

留，以免影響閱讀速度。

3、近些年英語閱讀的特點是幾乎不出現(xiàn)須要綜合跨段的信息狀況。因而，理解之后就可以馬上返回題目，閱讀選項

進行選擇。

5、在做看法題的時候，尤其要留意開頭和結(jié)尾部分，重點是形容詞的把握，并且要重視文中出現(xiàn)的有明顯轉(zhuǎn)折詞的

地方＜

將題型分類更科學：

①詞匯題。這類題考查目的是，讓考生以上下文內(nèi)容為參考?，嘗試理解文中出現(xiàn)的生詞。而文章中出現(xiàn)這個生詞的

位置，往往下文中出現(xiàn)的內(nèi)容是對這個詞的說明、說明、舉例等。

②主旨題。大家應當很熟識這類題型。遇到這類題最簡潔的方法是把文中每段的首句串起來考慮。若是僅問其中某

一段的中心思想,則可將該段的首、尾句加起來考慮C

③作者觀點、看法題。這種題是考查讀者對于作者的寫作意圖和看法是否明白。解題的關鍵是要看作者在文中用了

什么樣的口氣。若用褒義詞，明顯是贊成；若用貶義詞，明顯是反對：若客觀陳述，則是中性的立場，不偏不倚。

更為明顯地一個解題方法，就是找尋文中的轉(zhuǎn)折詞，一般轉(zhuǎn)折此后面的文段表明白作者的觀點。

④細微環(huán)節(jié)問題。這類題出現(xiàn)的特點是，以考查文章中某一個細微環(huán)節(jié)問題為入手點。它可能出現(xiàn)與原文中某一句

話。但是，往往照抄原文的句子并不肯定是正確選項。這類題的正確答案，應當是與原文意思和所何問題相符的才

對。

⑤推埋性問題。既然這類題被命名為推理題，你就不應當希望在原文中搜尋出答案，而應當通過自己的理解去推理

答案，但切忌憑空瞎想，要忠實原文內(nèi)容去推理。這類題是閱讀理解種最難的一類問題。你只有以原文中某句話或

某個詞語為依據(jù)去合理推想才能找到合適的答案。

做英語閱讀，須耍有量的積累，但是假如只知道味埋頭做題，同樣無濟丁事。做了肯定量的題目以

后，須要有一個反思總結(jié)。要把自己錯的題歸類出來，屬于上面5種題型的哪一種。并將自己的答案

與參考答案進行對比，體會出題者的意圖和你理解的偏差。俗話說吃一塹長一智，再同一類型題上多

次總結(jié)錯誤后，我信任你就會漸漸地削減錯誤率。最終得到滿足的結(jié)果。

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。

A

Althoughmanhasknownasbestosfbrmanyhundredsofyears,itwasnotuntil160yearsagothatitwasminedtor

thefirsttimeontheNorthAmericancontinent.H.W.Johns,ownerofaNewYorkCitySupplyShopforrooters,was

responsiblefor（對...負責）iheopeningofthatfirstmine.

Mr.JohnswasgivenapieceofasbestoswhichhadbeenfoundinItaly.Heexperimentedwiththematerialandthen

showeditssurprisingpowerstohiscustomers.Afterputtingonapairofasbestosgloves,whichlookedmuchlikeordinary

workgloves,hetookred-hotcoalsfromthefireplaceandplayedwiththeminhishands.Ilowastonishedthecustomerswere

todiscoverthathewasnotburnedatall.Youcanwellimaginethathehadincreasingbusinessinasbestosroofingmaterials.

However,becauseitwasveryexpensivetotransport（carry）themfromItalytotheUnitedStates,Mr.Johnssentoutayoung

scientisttoseekasourcenearerhome.Thisyoungmanfoundgreatvein（巖脈），intheprovinceofQuebecinCanada.

Eversince1881Quebechasledtheworldintheproductionofthisunusualmineral,whichismadeupof

magnesium,silicon,iron,andoxygen.Whenitismined,theasbestosisheavy,justasyouwouldexpectamineraltobe.

Whenitisseparated,astrangethinghappens:therockbreaksdownintofine,soft,soapyfibers（纖維）.

Scientistsdonotknowwhytherockcanbeseparatedeasilyintothreads^戔），buttheyhavefoundthousandsofuses

ofthisfireproofmaterial,oftheso-called44clothofsione".

1.Whichtitlebestexpressesthemainideaofthispassage?

A.AsbestosminedinCanadaB.Fireproofmatter

C.A"wonder“mineralD.Anewroofingmaterial

2.Johnsprovedhisabilityasasalesmanby.

A.goingintoroofingbusinessB.carryingasbestosfromItaly

C.sendingatrainedscientistD.showingtheuseofasbestosgloves

3.Whichisthemostimportantcharacterofasbestosthattheauthorwantstoshowus?

A.Itislikethread.B.Itfeelsso叩y.

C.Itburnseasily.D.1（isunusuallyheavy.

4.Theauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthispassagewasto.

A.showtheneedformorescientists

B.compareasbestoswithotherminerals

C.increasethesalesofasbestos

D.presentfactsaboutasbestos

B

Everyobject(ellsastory.Even(hemostordinaryobjectscanpresenttouspowerfulimages.Sometimesitisthe

ordinaiynatureoftheseobjectsthatactuallymakesthemsoextraordinary.Suchisthecasewithanoldleathershoeina

museuminAlaska.Atfirstglanceitdoesnotlooklikemuch.Itisawoman'sshoeofastylepopularinthe1890s.Butwhatis

unique(獨特的)aboutthisshoeiswher，itwasfound.ItwasdiscoveredontheCheckoutPass,thefamoustrailusedbythe

peopleseekinggoldinAlaska.Whoitbelongedtoorwhyitwasleftthereisnotknown.Wasitperhapsdroppedbyaccident

asthewomanclimbedupthe1500stairscanedoutface?Ordidshethrowawaygoodsthatshedidn'tneedinordertotravel

lighter?

Over100,000peoplewith“goldfever“madethistriphopingtobecomemillionaires.Fewofthemunderstoodthaton

theirwaytheywouldhavetocrossaharshwildness.Unpreparedforsuchadangerousjourney,manydiedofstarvationand

exposuretothecoldweather.

TheCanadiangovernmentfinallystartedrequiringthegoldseekerstobringonetonofsupplieswiththem.Thiswas

thoughttobeenoughforapersontosurviveR)roneyear.Theywouldcarrytheirsuppliesinbackpacks(背包)eachweighing

uptofiftypounds;itusuallytookatleast40tripstogeteverythingtothetopandoverthepass.Whoeverdroppedtheshoe

musthavebeenabraveanddetenninedwoman.PerhapsshewassuccessfulandmadeittoAlaska.Perhapsshehadtoturn

backindefeat.Noonewilleverknowforsure,butwhatwedoknowisthatshetookpartinoneofthegreatestadventuresin

the19thcentury.

5.Theordinarywoman'sleathershoeisconsideredunusualbecause.

A.itwasanimportantcluetolifeinthepastB.itwasfoundonafamoustrail

C.itatonetimebelongedtoaVIPD.itwasafashionableshoeatthattime

6.According(othispassage,manypeoplewhowenttoAlaska.

A.eventuallybecamemillionairesB.broughtwiththemmanyshoes

C.hadconflictswiththeEskimosD.werenotproperlyequipped

7.TheCanadiangovernmentmadegoldseekersbringoneyear'ssupplieswiththemsothat.

A.theywouldnotdieofhungerandcold

B.thearmywouldhaveenoughfoodforfightingawar

C.theywouldchangethesegoodswiththeEskimos

D.thesupplieswouldmakeAlaskarich

8.Nomatterwhathappenedtothewomanwhoownedtheshoe,.

A.shemusthavelivedahappylite

B.shecertainlydroppedtheshoeonpurpose

C.heradventurousspiritisdefinitelyadmired

D.herothershoeswereequallyfashionable

C

WithonlyaboutI.000pandasleftintheworld,Chinaisdesperatelytryingtoclone（克?。﹖heanimalandsavethe

endangeredspecies（物種）.That,samovesimilartowhataTexasA&MUniversityresearchershavebeenundertakingfor

thepastfiveyearsinaprojectcalled"Noah'sArk".

Noah'sArkisaimedatcollectingeggs,embryos（胚胎），semenandDNAofendangeredanimalsandstoringthemin

liquidnitrogen.Ifcertainspeciesshouldbecomeextinct,Dr.DuaneKraemer,aprofessorinTexasA&M'sCollegeof

VeterinaryMedicine,saystherewouldbeenoughofthebasicbuildingblockstoreintroducethespeciesinthefuture.

Ilisestimatedthatasmanyas2,000speciesofmammals,birdsreptileswillbecomeextinctinover100years.The

panda,nativeonlytoChina,isindangerofbecomingextinctinthenext25years.

Thisweek,Chinesescientistssaidtheygrewanembryobyintroducir.gcellsfromadeadfemalepandaintotheeggcells

ofaJapanesewhiterabbit.Theyarenowtryingtoimplanttheembryointoahostanimal.

Theentireprocedurecouldtakefromthreetofiveyearstocomplete.

“Thenucleartrans所（核子移植）ofonespeciestoanotherisnoteasy,andthelackofavailable（capableofbeingused）

pandaeggscouldbeamajorproblem,Kraemerbelieves."Theywillprobablyhavetodoseveralhundredtransferstoresult

inonepregnancy（havingababy）.Ittakesalongtimeandit'sdifficult,butthiscouldbegroundbreakingscienceifitworks.

Theyarecertainlynotputtinganylivepandasatrisk,soitisworththec^lbrt,^^addsKraemer,whoisoneofIhcleadersofthe

ProjectatTexasA&M,thefirst-everattemptatcloningadog.

“Theyarctryingtodosomethingthat'sneverbeendone,andthisisverysimilartoourworkinNoah'sArk.We'reboth

tryingtosaveanimalsthatfaceextinction.Icertainlyappreciatetheireffortandthere'salotwccanlearnfromwhattheyarc

attemptingtodo.It'saresearchthatisverymuchneeded.”

9.Theaimof“Noah'sArk"projectisto.

A.makeeffortstoclonetheendangeredpandas

B.saveendangeredanimalsfromdyingout

C.collectDNAofendangeredanimalstostudy

D.transferthenuclearofoneanimaltoanother

10.AccordingtoProfessorKraemer,themajorproblemincloningpandaswouldbethelackof.

A.availablepandaeggsB.hostanimals

C.qualifiedresearchersD.enoughmoney

11.Thebesttidetorthepassageinaybe.

A.China'sSuccessinPandasCloning

B.TheFirstClonedPandain（heWorld

C.ExploringthePossibilitytoClonePandas

D.China—theNativePlaceofPandasForever

12.Fromthepassageweknowthat.

A.Kraemerandhisteamhavesucceededincloningadog

B.scientiststrytoimplantapanda'seggintoarabbit

C.KraemerwillworkwithChinesescientistsincloneresearches

D.abouttwothousandofspecieswillprobablydieoutinacentury

D

OnSaturdayAugust12,2000,duringNorthernFleettrainingexercisesintheBarentsSea,theRussiannuclear

submarine（潛水艇）Kursksankinabout100metersofwaterwithsome118sailorsaboard.It'sknownlaterthatseveral

officerswerealsoaboard,observingthstrainingexercises.TheKurskislyingontheoceanfl（x）rintheBarentsSea.The

RussianNavysaidthatitwaslisting30degreestoport.Othersourcesreporteditwaslistingasmuch60asdegrees.

AccordingtoaRussiannewspaper,whenthesubmarineKurskfailedtomakeconlaclwiththenavalcommandattheright

timelaterthatday,NorthernFleetCommanderAdmiralVyachesavPopovorderedrescueshipsintothearea.Ittookhoursto

findthesubmarine,asitdidn'llaunch（放射）amarkingbuoy（?。゜eforesinking.

RussianNavyChiefinsistedthatthesubmarineKurskhadbeeninvolved（卷入）inamajorcollision（碰撞），butagreat

dealofinformationshowsthatthisisnottrue.Uptillnow,it'sbelievedthatanexplosioninthetorpedocompartment（魚雷艙）

inthenoseoftheKurskwasthelikelycause.NowRussiangovernmentofficiallyaskedNorwayforhelpinrecoveringof

sailors'bodiesfirstofall,andNorwayhasagreedtoofferallhelp.ButRussianinsistedthatonlyRussiansworkinsidethe

submarineKurskandthattheworklastforabout1078workingdays.Itisexpectedtorecoveronly25?35bodiesfrom

theKursk.

ItwasnotuntilOctober25,whenateamofRussiandiversenteredthesubmarineKursk,some350feetbelowthe

surface,thattruthbecameclear.OnNcvcmbcr7,inthemorning,owingto（由于）theicyandthecoldweather,aspecial

rescuemeetingheldonMurmanskdecicedtostopthewholebodiesrecoveringoperation.

13.