Lecture2選擇性必修四Unit2單元重點(diǎn)詞匯和語法專題復(fù)習(xí)講練單元重點(diǎn)單詞及其詞形轉(zhuǎn)換和固定搭配iconicadj.符號(hào)的；圖標(biāo)的；象征性的→iconicallyadv.形象地→iconicityn.形象性，圖像表示→iconn.圖標(biāo)；偶像；代表；畫像iconicsymbol標(biāo)志性符號(hào)iconicattraction標(biāo)志性景點(diǎn)foundationn.創(chuàng)建；基礎(chǔ)；地基→foundvt.創(chuàng)建；成立；根據(jù)；以為基礎(chǔ)→foundern.創(chuàng)始人→foundedadj.有基礎(chǔ)的politicaladj.政治的；政客的→politicallyadv.政治上→politicsn.政治；政治學(xué)→politiciann.政客，善于玩弄權(quán)術(shù)者→policyn.政策locatedadj.位于；坐落在→locatevt.確定的位置→locationn.地點(diǎn)，位置belocatedin/at/on位于（大地點(diǎn)/小地點(diǎn)/之上）bakeryn.面包(糕餅)店;面包廠→bakern.面包師→bakev.烤，烘，焙butchern.屠夫；劊子手→butcheryn.肉鋪；屠宰場(chǎng)jointn.公共場(chǎng)所(尤指價(jià)格低廉的飲食和娛樂場(chǎng)所)；關(guān)節(jié)adj.聯(lián)合的;共同的→joinv.參加；參與joinintheactivity參加活動(dòng)jointhearmy參軍joinsb.insth.與某人一起做某事jointventure合資企業(yè)entitlev.給命名；給予權(quán)利/資格→entitlementn.權(quán)利，資格→entitledadj.有資格的；有權(quán)利的beentitledto有權(quán)享有;有的資格freedomn.自由；不受……影響的狀態(tài)→freeadj.自由的；免費(fèi)的vt.befreefrom免受，不受的影響freeoneselffrom擺脫的束縛havefreedomtodosth.有做某事的自由libertyn.自由→liberatevt.解放→liberationn.解放；解放運(yùn)動(dòng)→liberatorn.解放者liberatefrom解放某人或某物；使某人或某物從束縛、限制、壓力中獲得自由temporaryadj.暫時(shí)的；短暫的→temporarilyadv.暫時(shí)地→temporarinessn.臨時(shí)；暫時(shí)licensedadj.得到正式許可的→licensevt.批準(zhǔn)；許可n.(=licence)許可證；執(zhí)照frequencyn.發(fā)生率；重復(fù)率；(聲波或電磁波振動(dòng)的)頻率→frequentadj.頻繁的→frequentlyadv.頻繁地violentadj.暴力的；猛烈的→violentlyadv.暴力地→violencen.暴力byviolence強(qiáng)行地；暴力地biologyn.生理；生物學(xué)→biologicaladj.生物的；生物學(xué)的；親生的→biologicallyadv.生物學(xué)上；生物學(xué)地；→biologistn.生物學(xué)家hatchvi.孵出；破殼vt.使孵出；策劃；(尤指)密謀Don’tcountthechickensbeforetheyarehatched.別過早樂觀。capacityn.能力；容量→capableadj.有能力的→capabilityn.能力；才能becapableof有能力做某事prisonn.監(jiān)獄；監(jiān)禁v.關(guān)押→prisonern.犯人besentencedto5yearsinprison被判處五年監(jiān)禁單元重點(diǎn)短語primeminister首相；總理peakseason高峰季節(jié)ahandfulof少數(shù)人(或物)；一把(的量)referto...as把稱為/稱作referto查閱；提及；指代refer...to...將某人或某物引薦給foryourreference供參考atthattime在那時(shí)atonetime在過去的某段時(shí)間；曾經(jīng)有段時(shí)間atatime一次；在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)attimes有時(shí)候；偶爾fromtimetotime偶爾；有時(shí)incontactwith與接觸；與某人或某物有聯(lián)系keep/getintouchwithsb.與某人保持/取得聯(lián)系setup建立；設(shè)立；安裝；籌備setouttodo開始做某事=setaboutdoingtakedown記下；放下；拆除；打擊；被攻擊putdown放下；鎮(zhèn)壓；貶低Personallyspeaking就個(gè)人而言intheinterest(s)of為了；為了/符合的利益單元重點(diǎn)語法-過去分詞專題復(fù)習(xí)講練分詞的概念分詞常常扮演形容詞的角色，也有動(dòng)詞的性質(zhì)。分詞可以分為現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞，現(xiàn)在分詞由“動(dòng)詞原形+ing”構(gòu)成，過去分詞通常由“動(dòng)詞原形+ed”構(gòu)成(也有不規(guī)則變化)?，F(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞對(duì)比時(shí)間上語態(tài)上現(xiàn)在分詞表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行adevelopingcountry(發(fā)展中國(guó)家)表示主動(dòng)therulingclass(統(tǒng)治階級(jí))過去分詞表示動(dòng)作已完成adevelopedcountry(發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家)表示被動(dòng)theruledclass(被統(tǒng)治階級(jí))過去分詞的用法（1）構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和過去完成時(shí)Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.（2）構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語態(tài)Nowwearenotallowedtotouchit.（3）作定語：(相當(dāng)于一個(gè)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的定語從句)過去分詞是單個(gè)單詞時(shí)，一般用于名詞前;過去分詞短語，就放在名詞的后面OurclasswentonanorganizedtriplastMonday.Thoseelectedascommitteememberswillattendthemeeting.=Thosewhoareelectedascommitteememberswillattendthemeeting.（4）作表語：常具有形容詞的特征，表示主語的特征、狀態(tài)或感情等Iwassurprisedathearinghimsayso.（5）作賓補(bǔ)：常作感官動(dòng)詞或使役動(dòng)詞的賓語補(bǔ)足語，表示被動(dòng)、完成Iheardthesongsungseveraltimeslastweek.Ihavehadmyhaircut.（6）作狀語：分詞的邏輯主語(即分詞動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者)一般要與句中主語保持一致Seenfromthetower,thecitylooksverybeautiful.Givenmoretime,I'llbeabletodoitbetter.【注】有些過去分詞是不及物動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的，不表示被動(dòng)，只表示完成，如：boiledwater(開水),fallenleaves(落葉),newlyarrivedgoods(新到的貨),therisensun(升起的太陽)過去分詞專題練習(xí)-用所給單詞或短語的適當(dāng)形式完成句子____________________(mailout)automatically,theemailwillbereceivedbyalltheclubmembers.____________________(work)abroadforalmost20years,theoldmannowsetsfootonhismotherland.Themanagerwouldliketoseehisplan____________________(carryout)assoonaspossible.IneedanewpassportsoIwillhavetohavemyphotograph____________________(take).Theseats____________________(reserve)forthedisabledarejustneartheentrance.____________________(edit)bythreelanguageexperts,thisbookhasbeenpopularwiththereaderseversinceitcameouttwoyearsago.I'vebeendreamingofbecomingawritersinceIwasateenager,butitseemshardtogetabook____________________(publish).Withover2,500bikes____________________(store)inourfiverentalshopsatstrategiclocations,wemakesurethereisalwaysabikeavailableforyou.Althoughthestudies____________________(lead)byNavajashavelimitationsandmanyquestionsremain,thepotentialimplicationsforgroupdiscussionanddecision-makingareenormous.It'sjaw-droppinghowmuchperfectlygoodfoodisthrownaway—from"ugly"(butquiteeatable)vegetables____________________(reject)bygrocerstolargeamountsofuneatendishes____________________(throw)intorestaurantgarbagecans.____________________(occupy)withroutineofficetasks,shehadnotimetoattendtoherchildren.____________________(explain)manytimes,themainideaofthearticlewasstillnotcleartoallthestudents.Inartcriticism,youmustassumetheartisthasasecretmessage____________________(hide)withinthework.Toreturntotheproblemofwaterpollution,I'dlikeyoutolookatastudy____________________(conduct)inAustraliain2012.Today'schildrenandteenagersareconsumingthreetimesthe____________________(recommend)levelofsugar,puttingthematahigherriskofthedisease.過去分詞專題練習(xí)-用過去分詞完成句子Eric跑進(jìn)起居室追足球,身后跟著一條走得很慢的大狗。(follow)Ericranintothelivingroomtochasethefootball,___________________________whichwaswalkingveryslowly.你不能毫不猶豫地接受別人提供給你的意見，除非它是以事實(shí)為依據(jù)的。(offer)Youcan'treadily____________________________________________unlessitisbasedonfacts.隨著春節(jié)的臨近,我給孩子買了一個(gè)有彩燈裝飾的玩具。(decorate)WiththeSpringFestivalapproaching,Iboughtatoy ________________________________formychild.他只有聲嘶力竭地喊叫才能使別人聽到他的聲音。(hear)Onlybyshoutingatthetopofhisvoice_____________________________________________.他專心地注視著那輛車經(jīng)過，沒有注意到他的朋友來了。(absorb)__________________________________________________,hedidn'tnoticehisfriendscoming.他一離開市場(chǎng)，就發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在與賣家打交道時(shí)被騙了。(cheat)Themomentheleftthemarket,he_________________________________whendealingwiththeseller.與朋友和心愛的冰球隊(duì)分離，Cathy開始感到孤獨(dú)和無助。(separate)____________________________________andherbelovedicehockeyteam,Cathystartedtofeellonelyandhelpless.受到了Jane的話的鼓舞，Peter擺脫了不安情緒，走到了舞臺(tái)中央。(encourage)____________________________________,Petergotridofnervousnessandwalkedtothecentreofthestage.受傷的工人現(xiàn)在正在醫(yī)院里接受照料。(injure)____________________________________arenowbeingtakencareofinthehospital.我喜歡這本書清晰的書寫方式，各種引人人勝的知識(shí)給每一章都賦予了生命。(bring...tolife)Ilikehowthebookisclearlywrittenwith_____________________________________bypiecesoffascinatingknowledge.過去分詞專題練習(xí)-用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成以下演講稿______________(give)thefastpaceofthejobmarketnow,21stcenturyemployees(2)______________(face)withchallengesthattheirparentsneverexperienced.(3)______________(compare)topreviousgenerations,standards(4)______________(set)higherforthemandthey(5)______________(expect)tohavemorequalificationsandawiderrangeofnewandessentialskills.(6)______________(require)toinnovateconstantly,21stcenturyemployeesneedtobereadytoadapttonewchallengesandrolesquickly.(7)______________(throw)intoahyper-connectedworkplace,today'sgraduateswillalsohaveto(8)______________(prepare)tomovearoundtojobsatdifferentcompanies.Therearealsoplentyofadvantagestothisnewworkingworld.(9)______________(design)tobemoredynamicandinspiring,workingenvironmentswillbemoreexcitingthanofficesofthepast.Workerswillhappilyenjoymanyextrabenefits,suchasgymsandgamesrooms,(10)______________(provide)bycompanies.Alternatively,ifsomeoneprefersmoreindependence,technologywillallowforgreateropportunitiesforselfemploymentandstartingtheirownbusiness.單元語法填空專題練習(xí)MentioningSydney,Australia,mostpeoplethinkoftheSydneyOperaHouse.1.______________(shape)likehugeshellsorrisingsails,thisfamousbuildingonSydney'sBennelongPointgracesthelistofUNESCOWorldHeritagesitesandisoneoftheworld'sgreatarchitectural2.______________(wonder).Thelocationisamazing.Water3.______________(surround)thestructureonthreesides,andtheRoyalBotanicGardenbordersittothesoutheast.Danisharchitect,JornUtzonwonaninternationalcompetition4.______________itsdesign,butwithdrewfromtheprojectafter5.______________(technique)andfinancialproblems.Finally,itsconstructionwascompletedin1973at6.______________cost14timestheoriginalbudget.Bythistime,Utzon7.______________(leave)thecountry,neverreturningtoseehisimpressivecreation.______________(current)，visitorscanenjoyaperformanceintheSydneyOperaHouse,dineatoneoftherestaurants,orseethehighlightsoftheSydneyOperaHouseonaguidedtour.TouringtheSydneyOperaHouseisrewarding,butitsastonishingarchitectureisperhapsbestappreciatedfromadistance.Oneofthebestsites9.______________(photograph)thistopSydneytouristattractionisMrsMacquarie'sChairintheRoyalBotanicGarden,orvisitorscancatchtheferry(渡船)totakeaphoto10.______________theysailpast.單元寫作練習(xí)校英語報(bào)正在以"AnIconicAttractioninBeijing"為主題進(jìn)行征文,請(qǐng)你寫一篇短文介紹北京的標(biāo)志性景點(diǎn)之一——王府井大街。校英語報(bào)正在以"AnIconicAttractioninBeijing"為主題進(jìn)行征文,請(qǐng)你寫一篇短文介紹北京的標(biāo)志性景點(diǎn)之一——王府井大街。__________________________________________(坐落在北京市中心)，WangfujingStreet extendsforatotallengthofmorethan1,800meters.AsthemostflourishingbusinessquarterinBeijing,it2._______________________________________________