版本：新譯林單元：選擇性必修二

Unit2

(Welcometotheunit—Reading)詞匯課堂1.solidaritysolid(堅固的)+-arity(名詞后綴)2.BCEBCE是美式英語，BC是英式英語拓展：AD(BrE)/CE(AmE)3.participateparti(apart一部分)+cip(totake抓住、承擔)+-ate(動詞后綴：使)→承擔一部分→參加；參與詞塊：participatein=takepartin，participatein較為正式詞族：participate,participation,participant4.competecom-(together)+pete(toseek尋求)→共同尋求同一個目標→競爭拓展：competition,competitive,competitor,competence5.racialrace(種族)+-ial(……的)；詞塊：racialdiscrimination6.diverse近義詞：various派生詞：diversity本單元詞匯梳理7.joint詞塊：makejointefforts8.motivatemot(tomove移動)+-ive(名詞后綴)+-ate(動詞后綴：使)→使移動、有動機→激勵同根詞：promote,emotion,remote詞塊：motivatesbtodosth詞族：motive,motivate,motivated,motivation9.boundarybound(形成……的邊界)+-ary(名詞后綴)10.demonstratede-(entirely完全地)+monstr(topointout,show指出、顯示)+-ate(動詞后綴)→完全指出→表明、證明(基本義)11.afterwardsafter+ward(toward向)+-s；(美式英語：afterward)12.proceedpro-(forward向前)+ceed(togo)→向前走→前進詞塊：proceedtodosth,proceedwithsth13.flame詞塊：theOlympicflame,inflames14.applaudap-(表示強調)+plaud

(toclaphands拍手)→使勁拍手→鼓掌隱喻：具體的“鼓掌”→抽象的“稱贊”15.consistentcon-(together一起)+sist(tostand站立)+-ent(形容詞后綴)→一起站立的→一致的；始終如一的同根詞：assist,resist詞塊：beconsistentwithsth16.humanityhuman(人)+-ity(集合名詞后綴)17.rank一詞多義：基本義“排、行”名詞動詞化：排列；把……分等級派生詞：ranking18.trend詞源：來自古英語trendan(滾動、轉動)，原指河流或海灣的拐彎，后引申詞義趨勢、潮流詞塊：atrendtoward(s),followthetrend19.electionelect(v

選舉)+-ion(名詞后綴)；詞塊：ageneralelection20.faith詞塊：faithinsb/sth；派生詞：faithful,faithfully21.ambitionambition源自拉丁語ambition(四處奔走)，詞根amb表示“走”，救護車ambulance原義就是四處走的醫(yī)院。ambition原指古代政客四處奔走發(fā)表演說拉選票的行為。政客拉選票是為了實現(xiàn)自己的政治抱負，所以ambition引申出“野心、政治抱負”，原本含有貶義，但現(xiàn)在已經變成中性詞，既可以指“野心”，也可以指“雄心、志向”。詞塊：ambitiontodosth/ambitionofdoingsth；派生詞：ambitious22.identicalident(thesame相同、同一)+-ical(形容詞后綴)同根詞：identity,identify；詞塊：beidenticalto/withsb/sth23.fellow源自felagi，由fe(錢)

+lagi(lay放下)組成，意思是“往里放錢、投資”，用來表示掏錢出資、參與某項商業(yè)或事業(yè)的“合伙人”，后衍生出“同事、伙伴”的意思。24.relay原指過去打獵時在中轉站放置的供接替疲勞獵狗的備用狗，或驛站供接替的馬，后引申出“接替、接力賽”等釋義。詞塊：arelayrace；名詞動詞化：轉達給；轉發(fā)給重難點詞精講motivate一詞多義同根詞demonstrate一詞多義participate正式用語compete詞族trend一詞多義rankconsistent搭配義一詞多義話題詞匯搭配義ambition根據所給漢語，在空白處填入適當?shù)脑~塊。Allofuswereconfidentandeagerto_______________________________________（參加）theclassdiscussion./joinin正式用語takepartin/participateinparticipate［正式用語］參與；參加:

I’llhavetoparticipateinasportingactivitythatday.2017全國

Anystudentwhoisinterestediswelcometoparticipate.2016全國詞匯拓展participantn[C]

參與者；參加者participation

n[U]參加；參與：Wewantmoreparticipationinthedecision-making.participatevi

parti(apart一部分)+cip(totake抓住、承擔)+-ate(動詞后綴：使)→承擔一部分→參加；參與compete詞源解讀：com-(together)+pete(toseek尋求)→共同尋求同一個目標→競爭compete

vi

競爭；對抗totrytobemoresuccessfulorbetterthansbelsewhoistryingtodothesameasyou：Animalsinthewildhavetocompeteforfood.Ihavetocompeteagainst19otherpeopleforthejob.Lifeislikealongracewherewecompetewithotherstogobeyondourselves.2009重慶

參加比賽：WomenwerefirstallowedtocompeteintheOlympicshootingin1968.2008

廣東書面表達【詞匯拓展】competition

n

[U]競爭：They’reincompetitionwitheachotherfortheprize.

[C]比賽；競賽：Withouther,hewouldneverhavewonthecompetition.2008江西Onehundredteamsfromhighschoolsalloverthecountryhaveenteredthecompetition.LastweekweheldanEnglishSpeechcompetition.2010湖南書面表達改【詞匯拓展】competitiveadj競爭性的；有競爭力的；好強的：competitivegamesashopofferingcompetitivepricesCompetitivepeoplewanttobethebestateverything.competitorn[C]比賽者；競爭者：Inthelongjump,competitorstrytojumpasfarforwardaspossible.【詞匯拓展】competence

n[C]&[U]能力；勝任theabilitytodosthwell：Teachershavetoconstantlyupdatetheirknowledgeinordertomaintaintheirprofessionalcompetence.2011

江蘇IhopeIwilldevelopcompetenceinavarietyofnewskills.競爭(compete)本質是在追求同一個目標的過程中做得比對手更好，競爭者(competitor)本身應具備一定勝任力(competence)

，才能在競爭(competition)中有競爭力(competitive)。motivate同義異構：encourage/inspiremotivate詞源解讀mot(tomove移動)+-ive(名詞后綴)+-ate(動詞后綴：使)→使移動、有動機→激勵motivate

vt

使有動力；激發(fā)；激勵：Researchershaveidentifiedseveralfactorsthatmotivatepeopletogetinvolvedinvoluntarywork.2015江蘇改Whilesomepeoplearemotivatedbyaneedforsuccess,othersaremotivatedbyafearoffailure.2016江蘇同義異構：encourage/inspire詞匯拓展motivatedadj

積極的；主動的：AftereveryrunIfeelfitter,happierandmoremotivatedtokeepprogressing.2011湖南改motivationn

[U]積極性；動力

theenthusiasmfordoingsth：Thesemethodscanhelpimprove/increasestudents’motivation

andinterest.

[C]動機；誘因theneedorreasonfordoingsth：Escapecanbeastrongmotivationfortravel.詞根前綴/后綴單詞派生詞

mot

pro-(向前

forward)promotev促進；晉升promotionn促進；晉升re-(向后、往回back)remoteadj遙遠的-ivemotiven動機motivatev激勵motivatedadj

積極的；主動的motivationn

積極性；動機-ormotorn發(fā)動機；馬達-ionmotionn運動；動e-(外

out);-ionemotionn感情；情緒emotional

adj

情緒（上）的；情感（上）的mot詞根從上表中可以看出，詞根mot意為“動/移動(move)”，由該詞根構成的詞大多含有此義。demonstratev

vt證明；論證：Researchershavedemonstratedhoweffectivethefit-for-lifemodelofgymclasscanbe.2010上海改

vt

示范；演示；顯示：demonstratetheuseofthemachine

vt表達；表現(xiàn)；顯露(display)：InJapan,itmaydemonstraterespecttolookdownwhentalkingtoanolderperson.

vi示威；示威游行：demonstrateagainstsb/sthdemonstratede-(entirely完全地)+monstr(topointout,show指出、顯示)+-ate(動詞后綴)→完全指出→表明、證明(基本義)demonstrate語義網絡圖表明、證明demonstrate（基本義）用證據等表明、證明某事證明；論證表達；表現(xiàn)；顯露用行動等表明、證明情感、觀點等用示例等表明、證明如何做某事示范；演示；顯示用行動等表明、證明抗議或支持示威；示威游行consistentcon-(together一起)+sist(tostand站立)+-ent(形容詞后綴)→一起站立的→一致的；始終如一的同根詞：assist:as-(to到)+sist(tostand站)→站到某人身邊→幫助；協(xié)助resist:

re-(against對抗)+sist(tostand站)

→站起來對抗→抗拒；抵抗consistentadj（人、言行、文章等）前后一致的；始終如一的；連續(xù)的:Makesurethatthetensesareconsistent.Remember,evenworldchampionathletespracticetheirskillsonaconsistentbasis.2020山東beconsistentwithsth與某物相一致；與某物相吻合：Whatwesayshouldbeconsistentwithwhatwedo.詞匯拓展consistentlyadv

始終如一地；一貫地rank的詞源義和基本義是“排、行”(row,line)。rankn

[U]&[C]等級；地位；軍銜：apainterofthefirstrankamanofrankholdtherankofcaptain

[C]行；列；[theranks]（團體或組織的）成員：ThatsummerIwasfiredandjoinedtheranksoftheunemployed.rank詞源解讀某個領域、社會、軍隊中的“排、行”團體或組織中的一“排”或一“行”人人或事物的“排、行”v

vt［常用于被動語態(tài)］排列；使排成行：Hisbookswererankedtidilyonthebookshelf.

vt&vi［不用于進行時］把……分等級；屬于某等級：TheyrankLangLangasafirst-classpianist.—Howdoyoubehaveatschool?—Verywell.Irankhighinmyclass.詞匯拓展?rankingn[C]名次；排名名詞動詞化rank語義網絡圖人或事物的排、行行；列（團體或組織的）成員排列；使排成行v團體或組織中的一排或一行人某個領域、社會、軍隊中的排、行等級；地位；軍銜n把……分等級；屬于某等級排、行

rankn（基本義）trend不要隨波逐流，要跟隨自己的內心。trendn[C]

趨向；趨勢：thegeneraltrendofhistoryTherehasbeenarecenttrend

inthefoodserviceindustrytoward

lowerfatcontentandlesssalt.2017全國

潮流：followthelatestworldtrend詞源解讀：來自古英語trendan(滾動、轉動)，原指河流或海灣的拐彎，后引申詞義趨勢、潮流。時尚的“趨勢”翻譯句子：Asparrowcannotunderstandtheambitionofaswan.ambition燕雀安知鴻鵠之志。ambition源自拉丁語ambitio（四處奔走），詞根amb表示“走”，救護車ambulance原義就是四處走的醫(yī)院。原指古代政客四處奔走發(fā)表演說拉選票的行為。政客拉選票是為了實現(xiàn)自己的政治抱負，所以ambition引申出“野心、政治抱負”，原本含有貶義，但現(xiàn)在已經變成中性詞，既可以指“野心”，也可以指“雄心、志向”。ambition

n[C]&[U]野心；雄心；抱負：Untilallisoverambitionneverdies.ambitiontodosth/ambitionofdoingsth:Shehadfinallyachieved/realizedherambitiontobecome/ofbecomingafamouswriter.ambitious

adj

有抱負心的；野心勃勃的：anambitiousyounglawyerTheywereveryambitiousfortheirchildren.

宏大的；艱巨的：Theambitiousprojectwascompletedinonlyninemonths.話題詞匯：SportsSportsBallgames:basketball,football,volleyball,tabletennis,badminton,golf,rugby,baseball,curveball,etc.Watersports:swimming,diving,mixedswimmingrelay,springboarddiving,platformdiving,freestyle,butterfly,etc.Trackandfield:the110-metrehurdle,thelongjump,thehighjump,racewalking,marathon,etc.Gymnastics:floorexercise（自由體操）,rings,artgymnastics,parallelbars（雙杠）,etc.Othersports:weight-lifting,iceskating,martialarts,shooting,boxing,sumo（相撲）,skiing,etc.beat,defeat,challenge,compete,attend/takepartin/participatein,lose,win,set/hold/breaktherecord,takeup,playagainst,defendchampion,takepossessionof,burstintocheers,fallbehind,gain/lose/winpossession(of),takethelead,rankfirst/second…,etc.;champion,glory,league,motto,tournament,etc.field,gymnasium(gym),ballpark,course,court,track,pool,etc.athlete,competitor,coach,judge,professional,fan,amateur,etc.CategoriesVenuePeopleCompetition1.I’llhavetoparticipateinasportingactivitythatday.2017全國

2.Lifeislikealongracewherewecompetewithotherstogobeyondourselves.2009重慶3.AftereveryrunIfeelfitter,happierandmoremotivatedtokeepprogressing.2011湖南改4.Whatwesayshouldbeconsistentwithwhatwedo.本單元金句匯總隨堂檢測根據所給漢語，用適當?shù)脑~塊完成下列句子。1.Inthespringof2006,about36,000studentsintheUSA_____________（參與）theAlternativeBreakProgram.2.Wewatchedashowwithlotsof____________________（觀眾參與）.3.Aleginjuryispreventinghimfrom____________________（積極參與）thecompetition.4.Maryhasbeen____________________（積極參與者）inthediscussion.participateparticipatedinaudienceparticipationanactiveparticipantactiveparticipationin/participatingactivelyincompete在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式。1.Museumsmustcompete_____________people’ssparetimeandmoneywithotheramusements.（2020山東）2.It’sdifficultforasmallsupermarkettocompete_____________thebigsupermarkets.3.Overthirtychildrenwillcompete_____________theswimmingchampionships.4.Whentheywerefreefromwork,theyinvitedustolocaleventsandletusknowofaninteresting_____________(compete)towatch.（2019全國）foragainst/withincompetition在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式。1.AftereveryrunIfeelfitter,happierandmore__________(motivate)tokeepprogressing.

2.Heisintelligentenoughbuthelacks__________(motivate).3.Hermotivation__________writingwasadesireforwomentogettherighttohighereducation.（2014湖北改）

4.Theplanisdesignedtomotivateemployees__________(work)moreefficiently.motivatedmotivationfortoworkmotivate寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.Howcanyoudemonstratetousthatyourstoryistrue?___________2.Youhavetodemonstratehowtooperatethecomputer.___________3.Alotofpeopledemonstratedinthestreetyesterday. ___________4.Thefiremandemonstratedgreatcourageinsavingthechild. ___________證明演示游行（示威）表現(xiàn)demonstrateconsistent一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.Yourconductisnotconsistentwithwhatyousay. ___________2.Sheisaconsistentgirlinherfeeling. ___________3.Therehasbeenconsistentgrowthin5Gmobilesubscribers. ___________二、在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式。1.Therehasbeena____________(consist)improvementinherattitude.2.Theresultsareentirelyconsistent____________ourearlierresearch.3.Wehaveargued____________(consistent)forachangeinthelaw.consistentwithconsistently言行不一始終如一的連續(xù)的寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。Thecompanyrankssecondamongfoodmanufacturers（生產商）.___________2.Thetaskhavebeenrankedinorderofdifficulty.___________3.Whilenoneofthesepicturesisofthefirstrank,someareofinterest.___________4.Shewasnotusedtomixingwithpeopleofhighsocialrank.

___________

一流的

社會地位很高的

排名第二rank把……分等級

trend一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.Thetrendatthemomen