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八年級上姆各模塊知識清單

Module1HowtolearnEnglish......................................................2

一、詞匯:50個單詞,(15個自:現(xiàn)強(qiáng)化單詞)...................................2

二、短語......................................................................4

三、句式.....................................................................5

四.語法點滴:基礎(chǔ)時態(tài)的復(fù)習(xí)................................................7

Module2Experiences....................................7

一、詞匯:44個單詞,(12個復(fù)現(xiàn)強(qiáng)化單詞)...................................7

二、短語......................................................................8

三、重點句型.................................................................8

四.語法點滴:現(xiàn)在完成時.....................................................9

1.現(xiàn)在完成時(參考P168-169頁)havegoneto&havebeento..................9

Module3Journeytospace...............................10

一、詞匯:41個單詞,(10個復(fù)現(xiàn)強(qiáng)化單詞)...................................10

二、重點短語.................................................................13

二、重點句型:..............................................................14

四.語法點滴:現(xiàn)在完成時....................................................15

Module4Education......................................15

一、詞匯:28個單詞,(6個復(fù)現(xiàn)強(qiáng)化單詞)....................................15

二、重點短語.................................................................17

三、重點句型.................................................................18

四.語法點滴:現(xiàn)在完成時....................................................19

不規(guī)則動詞的過去式/過去分詞.............................................22

五.擴(kuò)展:..................................................................23

Module5Westernmusic................................24

一、詞匯:49個單詞,(10個包:現(xiàn)強(qiáng)化單詞)..................................24

二、重點短語................................................................26

三、重點句型................................................................27

四.語法點滴:反意疑問句..................................................28

五.常識...................................................................30

六、擴(kuò)展.....................................................................31

Module6Afamousstory.................................31

一、詞匯:36個單詞,(13個包:現(xiàn)強(qiáng)化單詞)..................................31

二.短語.....................................................................33

三、重點句型................................................................34

四.語法點滴:過去進(jìn)行時....................................................35

RevisionmoduleA......................................36

一.詞語鏈接...............................................................36

二.短語...................................................................36

三.重點句式...............................................................37

四.語法點滴:(復(fù)工).......................................................37

Module7Feelingandimpressions........................37

一、詞匯:45個單詞,(15個復(fù)現(xiàn)強(qiáng)化單詞)..................................37

二、重點短語................................................................40

三、重點句型................................................................43

四.語法點滴:(復(fù)與)正確使用感官動詞;掌握系表結(jié)構(gòu)的句子.................44

Module8Aroundtown....................................45

一、詞匯:25個單詞,(5個復(fù)現(xiàn)強(qiáng)化單詞)...................................45

二、重點短語................................................................47

三、重點句型................................................................48

四.語法點滴:方位表達(dá)方式(即介詞或介詞短語的用法)........................49

五.常識:問路方式和指引方式...............................................49

Module9Animalsindanger...............................49

一、詞匯:34個單詞,(6個復(fù)現(xiàn)強(qiáng)化單詞)...................................49

二、重點短語................................................................52

三、|重點句式................................................................53

四.語法點滴:1)動詞不定式作主語、狀語和定語的用法。2)動詞不定式的否定形

式...........................................................................55

Module10LaoSheTeahouse..............................61

一、詞匯:22個單詞,(1個復(fù)現(xiàn)強(qiáng)化單詞)...................................61

二、重點短語................................................................64

三、重點句式................................................................66

四.語法點滴:1)動詞不定式作賓語的用法2)雙賓語(參考課本PI78頁).....67

Module11Theweather....................................68

一、詞匯:30個單詞,(8個復(fù)現(xiàn)強(qiáng)化單詞)...................................68

二、重點短語................................................................69

三、重點句式................................................................72

四.語法點滴:1)復(fù)習(xí)動詞不定式的用法2)表示可能性的情態(tài)動詞的用法.....74

Module12Traditionallife...............................75

一、詞匯:33個單詞,(7個復(fù)現(xiàn)強(qiáng)化單詞)...................................75

二、重點短語...............................................................77

三、重點句型................................................................80

四.語法點滴musi和can的肯定句與否定句....................................81

RevisionmoduleB........................................84

一.詞語鏈接................................................................84

二.短語....................................................................84

三.重點句式................................................................85

四.語法與常識..............................................................86

Module1HowtolearnEnglish

一、詞匯:50個單詞,(15個復(fù)現(xiàn)強(qiáng)化單詞)

1.translate(v.)-translation(n.)-translator(n?人),pronounce(v.)-

pronunciation(n.)

advise(v.)-advice(U.n.),improve(v.)-improvement(n.),breathe(v.)-

breath(n.)

2.correct(v.;adj.=right)-wrong3.repeat=sayagain4.write/spell(v.)一

writing/spclling(n.)5.base(n./v.)-basic(adj.)6.remembcr-forgct,

shy-outgoing(shy-shyer/shier-shyest/shiest),

start-end,deep-low(反義詞)7.start二begin/open(同義詞)8.forget-forgot

-forgotten,

hear-heard-heard,send-sent-sent

9.other與else(別的,其它的)

else作形容詞時,通常放在疑問代詞what或anything,something,nothing,

nobody,等

不定代詞之后:else作副詞時,通常放在疑問副詞或anywhere等不定副詞之

后。

other作形容詞,通常放在被修飾的名詞之前;other還可作代詞。

A.1.Whatelsedoyouwant?Isthereanybodyelseintheroom?

2.WhenelsecanIcome?Wouldyouliketogosomewhereelse?

B.Pleasecomesomeotherday,請改日再來。Doyouwantanyothercolours?

10.each與every

each指兩者最多者,強(qiáng)調(diào)個體情況,既是代亙,又是形容詞,常作主語/賓語

/同位語等。

every指三者或三者以上,強(qiáng)調(diào)全體情況,只是形容詞,只作定語(與all近

義)

例:l.Eachofthemhasabagwiththem.(主)2.Hegaveonetoeachofustwo.(賓)

3.Eachboyhasaballintheirhands?(定)4.Theyeachhavefourwheels.(同)

5.Everystudenthasgonetotheshop.(定語)=A11ofthestudentshavegoneto

theshop.

注意:l).each和even,作定語時,后面名詞只用單數(shù),謂語動詞用單數(shù)。(例3、

5)

each作同位語時,謂語和其前面的主語保持一致。(例4)

2).eachof后面接帶the的復(fù)數(shù)名詞或復(fù)數(shù)賓格代詞,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。

3).“every+基數(shù)詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”或“every+序數(shù)詞+單數(shù)名詞”表“每(隔)一”

的意思。

例:l.TheOlympicGamesareheldevenfouryears(everyfourthyear).

2.everyotherday(每隔一天)=everytwodays

11.hope與wish(wish常用于表示某種愿望,實現(xiàn)的可能性較hope?。?/p>

A.Ihope(that)IcanvisittheGreatWallnextweek.(接賓語從句)

IhopetovisittheGreatWallnextweek.(接不定式作賓語)

簡單應(yīng)答語:Ihopeso.(我希望如此)Ihopenot.(我希望不是);wish

不能用。

B.Iwish(that)1couldflytothemoonsomeday.(賓語從句常用虛擬語氣)

Iwishtoflytothemoonsomeday.(接不定式作賓語)

Iwishyoutohaveapleasantjourney.(wish后接不定式作賓語補(bǔ)

足語)

Iwishyouapleasantjourney.(wish后可接雙賓語)

Iwishyouhappyallyourlife.(wish+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足

語adj.)

12.advice不可數(shù)名詞,可用名量詞短語修飾apieceofadvice,somepiecesof

advice

givesb.someadvice(給某人提建議);ask(sb.)forsomeadvice(向某人征

求建議)

重點動詞:translate;correct;repeat;advice;send;improve;watch;remember;

forget;wish;borrow(lend);start;hear

二、短語:

writedown;allthetime;makemistake;sayhello/yes/notosb.translate

(turn/change)...into...;advicesb.todosth.(advisedoing/advise

sb.onhowtodosth.);remember(forget)todo/doingslh.;

wishsb.todo(wishsb.sth.);hear(listento/watch/see)sb.

doing/dosth.;trytodosth.talkaboutenjoydoing;takea

deepbreath;makesb.+adj.;invitesb.tosp./todoshow

sb.around

擴(kuò)展:advice(n.)apieceofadvice;givesb.someadvice;askforadvice;

1.match--with?一2.translate?一into—=put?一into?一3.write

down___=putdown如果接名詞,可放在后面或中間;如果接代詞,只能放在

中間。

writedownthesewords=writethesewordsdown=writeit/themdown

4.eachother=oneanother(eachother"兩者之間”;oneanother”多者

之間”)

LiLeiandIoftenhelpeachotherTheycomplaintooneanother.

5.enjoyoneself=haveagood/nice/wonderfultime6.allthetime=

always

7.borrowsth.fromsb.-lendsth.tosb.8.penfriend=pen

pal

9.gowith10.watch/seeafilm11.write-to

12.givesb.someadviceon/about(doing)sth.與askforsome

adviceon/about

(doing)sth.13.dosomeconcerts14.helpsb.withsth.=help

sb.(to)dosth.15.makeamistake16.sendsb.sth.=send

sth.tosb.

17.enjoy(doing)sth.enjoyoneself(doingsth.)18.talk

aboutsb./

sth.withsb.19.speaktosb.20.takea(deep)

breath________

21.haveaconversationwithsb.22.practise(doing)sth.23.

shovv/take

sb.aroundsomeplace24.begood/badfor;begoodto

sb.;begoodat?一25.sayhelloto—26.the

Englishnamefor-

27.begoodat與dowellin

begoodat擅長,表示長久性的愛好,不能用于表具體的一次性的行為,常

用一般時。

dowellin在某方面做得好,可用于表長久性也可用于一次性的行為,可用

各種時態(tài)。

例:Heiswoodatsinging.=Hedocswellinsinging.

Hedidverywellinthesportsmeetinglastyear.

28.thenumberof..............的數(shù)量(謂語用單數(shù)形式)

anumberof-許多的一…(修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式)

例:ThenumberofthestudentsinourclassJs52.

Anumberofstudentsareplantingtrees.

29.intheorder30.forexample與suchas31.

learn-from…

32.ontheInternet/radio33.ingroups34.makeastudyplan

for_______

35.thinkabout36.onthephone37.advisesb.(not)todosth.

38.looksth.upinthedictionary39.invitesb.tosomeplace

invitesb.toanactivity,invitesb.<odosth.40.leavesth.

someplace___

^forget與leave

忘記某物或忘記〈做〉某事用forget,后可接名詞、代詞、不定式或動名詞作賓

語。

例:IforgotmyEnglishbook,andmymotherforgottoremind(提醒)me

then.

把某物忘在基處用leave,常以leavesth.someplace形式出現(xiàn)。

例:IleavemyEnglishbookinthereadingroom.

三、句式

難句:

1)WhydoyouthinkisthebestadviceforlearningEnglish?

2)DoyouthinkiteasytohaveaconversationinEnglish?

重點句型:

1)Youshould/shouldn't...

2)Whydon'tyou/Whynot...?

3)How/Whatabout...?

4)It'sagoodidea....

5)Trytodo...

1.建議句式:

1).Wouldyouliketogototheparkwithus?(用動詞時用不定式todo)

2).Wouldyoupleaseopenthedoorforme?(用動詞時用動詞原形)

3).Couldyougivemeahand,please?(用動詞時用動詞原形)

4).Shallwegototheparktogether?(用動詞時用動詞原形)

5).Whydon9tyouwriteitdown?=Whynotwriteitdown?

(用動詞時用動詞原形)

6).How/Whataboutgoinaswimming?(用動詞時用動名詞doing)

7).IhopeIcanfinishtheworkinanhour.(用動詞時用動詞原形)

8).Let^playfootballontheplayground,shallwe?(用動詞時用動詞原形)

9).You,dbetter(not)gotothemountaintoday.(用動詞時用動詞原形)

10).Ifsbettertowearwarmclotheswhenyougoout.(用動詞時用不定式todo)

11).It'sagoodideat。checkyournotebookeveryday.(用動詞時用不定式todo)

12).YoushouldalwaysspeakEnglishinclass.(用動詞時用動詞原形)

13).Trynottotranslateeveryword.(用動詞不定式(not)todo)

2.welcome(sb.)to...歡迎(某人)到…welcome(sb.)backto…歡迎(某人)回到…

例:Welcome(you)toChina/myschool/myhomeWelcome(you)backto

China/school!

Welcomebackhome/here!(home,hereadv.副詞前不用介詞)

3.Ifsagoodideatodosth.做某事是個好主意

Thafsagoodidea.=Goodidea.好主意

Ifsdifficulttoremembernewwords.(動詞不定式做真正的主語)

4.Trynottotranslateeverywved,(動詞不定式做try的賓語)

trytodosth.=doone'sbesttodosth(盡力做某事)trynottodosth(盡量不

做藁事i

例:1.Trytoworkoutthisproblem.2.WeshouldtrytostudyEnglishwell.

3.Weshouldtrynottosleepinclass.

5.Sb.+take+time+todosth.=It+takes+sb.(代詞用賓格)+time+todosth.

(某人花費時間做某事;后者中it做形式主語,不定式做真正主語)

例:Hetakeshalfanhourtodohishomeworkeveryevening.

=Ittakeshimhalfanhourt。d。hishomeworkeverycvcniiiR.

6.advisesb.(not)todosth.(建議某人〈不〉做某事)

例:Sheadvisedusnottolookupeverynewwordsinthedictionarywhiledoing

readings.

7.ThebestwaytolearnEnglishisspeakingitasoftenaspossible.(不定

式做定語)

8.DoyoufinditeasytohaveaconversationinEnglish?(it形式賓語,不定式

真正黃語)一

9.Whatmakesyoushy?(形容詞做賓

語補(bǔ)足語)

10.IfssometimeshardtounderstandAmericanandBritishaccents.(不定式做

真直語)

11.Tellhimhowtobeagoodstudent.("疑問詞+動詞不定

式”做賓語)一

12.Ileftmyhomeworkathome.(leavesth.someplace把某物忘在某

處用leave)

13.RemeinbertospeakEnglishallthetime.(不定式形式做

remember的賓語)

14.Thisisagreat/goodwavtodosth.(不定

式作定語)

Thisisagreatwaytosolvetheproblem.

15.Numberthepicturesintheorderyouhearthem.

(定語從句)

語法:如何提出建議

寫:1)熟悉寫信的格式。

2)挑出模塊中與語言學(xué)習(xí)相關(guān)的一些句子,用不同的句型來改寫,并背誦。

3)用提建議的句型,就語言學(xué)習(xí)的某個側(cè)面(如:聽力、閱讀、詞匯等),

寫三?五句話的小段。

造句:writedown;allthetime;translate(turn/change)...into...;advicesb.to

dosth.(advisedoing/advisesb.onhowtodosth.);remember(forget)todo/

doingsth.

一個話題來練習(xí)重點句型)

最低要求:1)能列出三條語言學(xué)習(xí)方面的建議,并背誦。

2)能使用“提建議”的句型造句。

3)掌握writedown及幾個使用不定式的動詞結(jié)構(gòu)。

四.語法點滴:基礎(chǔ)時態(tài)的復(fù)習(xí)P168頁模塊釋疑P160頁

Module2Experiences

一、詞3匚:44個單詞,(12個復(fù)現(xiàn)強(qiáng)化單詞)

重點名詞:experience,airport,competition,captain,country,problem,prize,

dream,abroad,sandwich,musician,palace,seafood,entertainment,

time(可數(shù)),

重點動詞:sound,sell,taste,climb,name,dream

重點形容詞:wonderful,kind,western,fantastic,delicious,another

重點副詞:abroad(beabroad,goabroad)

1.experiencen.&v,-experiencedadj.2.competev.-competitionn.-

competitor(n?人)

3.wondern.-wonderfuladj.4.musicn.-musicianIK(人)5.Italyn.-Italian

adj.6.west

n.-westernadj.7.sitv.-seatn.8.beside=nextto9.brilliant=excellent10.

problem

(需解決的問題workon-solve/workout)和question(需回答的問題

-ask/answer)11.buy

-sell12.entertainv.-entertainmentn.13.sell-sold-sold,dream-dreamed

/dreamt

-dreamed/dreamt14.name=sayout,reckon=thinkof※修飾mark用high

活lOWo

Inexperience(“經(jīng)驗”,不可數(shù);“經(jīng)歷”,可數(shù))

Thisisamathsteacherwithrichexperienceinteaching.

CouldyoutellmeyourexperiencesinAfrica?

二、短語

1.takeoffa.-putonb.-land(in/on/at);takeoff

from—_______

TheplanetakesofffromHongKong,andlandsinNewYork.

2.cometrue3.be/go/stayabroad4.morethan=over5.sell

out_____

6.roastduck7.sendsb.sth.=sendsth.tosb.8?travelaroundthe

worldalloverChina9.oneday=someday10.enter

acompetition

11.dreamabout/of12.takephotosof—13.Guess

what!___________

14.avisittosomeplace15.invitesb.todosth.invitesb.tosp./

theactivity

16.sendsb.sth.=sendsth.tosb.17.thepriceof

________18.in

today'snewspaper19.akindof,allkindsof,different

kindsof__

20.giveaconcert,gotoaconcert21.attheend(of--)22.

referto___

^c22.trydoingsth.與trytodosth.(=doone'sbesttodo

sth.)

Thelittleboytriedtodrawanicehorse.(努力去做,爭取使某事成功)

Thelittleboytrieddrawingahorse.(初次嘗試去做某事,不帶有目的

性)

重點短語:cometrue,morethan,takeoff,sellout

takeoff/land,

invitesb.todosth.

三、重點句型

1)Itsoundsbrilliant!

2)Haveyoueverwantedtotravelaroundtheworld?

Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven't.

3)Isyourfatherhelpingyou?

No,heisn't.

1.Itsoundsbrilliant!Hervoicesoundsverysweet.(系表結(jié)構(gòu))

2.WeiMinghasbeenalleverChinabyplane.

3.Thereisalottoseeandd。there.(不定式作定語)

4.I'veneverbeentiShanghai.Havevoueverbeenabroad?(havebeento,去

過某地廠——

5.Pizzahasalwayshcenmyfavouritefood.(havebeen+表語,表狀

態(tài)的延續(xù))

ButIdon'tlikesandwichesoricecream.

6.Hehasn'tevertriedskiine.

7.Whatdoyoureckon(二think)-willitraintoday?(認(rèn)為,覺得)

Ithinkhe'llcomebacksoon.=Ireckonhe'llcomebacksoon.

8.SallyhasinvitedmetostaywithherinEnglandoneday.

9.Whatkindofprizesarethereforthesecompetition?

10.What'sthepriceofaplanetickettotheUSA?(涉及price的提問使用

what)

11.Whafsthescoreofthematch?(涉及score的提問使用what)

說明:涉及price,mark,score,population,temperature等提問時使用what作

為疑問詞。

四.語法點滴:現(xiàn)在完成時

1.現(xiàn)在完成時(參考P168-169頁)havegoneto&havebeento

havebeento:去過某地(但已經(jīng)回來,人不在某地)

havegoneto:去某地了(說話時,某人在去某地的途中或已到

某地)

句中常用ever,never,once(一次),twice(兩次),threetimes(三次)...等時間

狀語時,

用havebeento

例:Thegirlshavegonetotheshops.

(Theyareonthewaytotheshopsorarriveattheshops.)

Thegirlshavebeentotheshops.

(Theywenttotheshopsandtheycamebackorwenttootherplaces.)

2.主語+謂語+表語(S+V+P)(謂語為連系動詞Linkv.)

例:A.Hewasilllastweek.(形)B.Keepquiet,please!(形)

C.Ifeelverywelltoday.(形)D.Themooncaketasteslikethepie.(介短)

E.LiLeibecameasoldier.(名)F.Thefoodhasgonebad.(形)

GThebreadfeelshard.(形)H.LiLeifellilllastMonday.(形)

I.Inspring,theweathergetswarmandthetreesturngreen.(形)

注意:常見連系動詞:

l).be,keep,stay(保持),remain(保持),come(true)等

2).感官動詞feel(感覺/摸上去),look,seem,smell,taste,sound等。

注意:主語和感官動詞常呈被動關(guān)系。

3)?表“變化”的動詞:become,turn,get,grow,go,fall(ill/asleep)^o

語法:現(xiàn)在完成時

話題:介紹個人經(jīng)歷,詢問他人經(jīng)歷

聽:能夠聽懂用現(xiàn)在完成時描述的經(jīng)歷。

說:能用現(xiàn)在完成時詢問和表達(dá)經(jīng)歷。

讀:能讀懂介紹經(jīng)歷的文章,理解語篇的主題和細(xì)節(jié)。

寫:學(xué)會用現(xiàn)在完成時描寫自己的經(jīng)歷。

要求:在讓學(xué)生談?wù)摻?jīng)歷之前,可以先給學(xué)生一個大致的話題范圍,然后

給出一些相關(guān)的詞,短語及句型。引導(dǎo)學(xué)生使用現(xiàn)在完成時。

擴(kuò)展:

造句:cometrue,morethan,takeoff,sellout

注意:

1)作為現(xiàn)在完成時的初級階段學(xué)習(xí),重點放在完成時的結(jié)構(gòu)和強(qiáng)調(diào)“動作結(jié)果”

的用法上。

2)加強(qiáng)過去分詞構(gòu)成方法的訓(xùn)練。

Module3Journeytospace

一、詞匯:41個單詞,(10個復(fù)現(xiàn)強(qiáng)化單詞)

重點名詞:Earth,Mars,model,station,month,planet,solar,environment,air,part,

universe,

light,entrance,diary,secret,

重點動詞:discover,show,grow,cost,prefer,explore

重點形容詞:latest,several,alone,real,

重點副詞:already,just,recently,also,even,twice,

其它:over,none,billion,

1.several=afew2.discoverv.-discoveryn.3?recentadj.-recentlyadv.4.

over=more

than5.alone=byoneself6.extrance-exit,manned-unmanned(反義)7?

prefer=like

better8.secretn.-secretaryn?(人)9.explorev.-explorern.(A)-exploration

n.(事)

10.mission=task11.busyadj.一businessn.12.return=comeback/giveback

(return后

面不能再加back)returnto/from

12.discover與invent

discover:發(fā)現(xiàn)其對象是一直存在的,以往未被人們認(rèn)識或發(fā)現(xiàn)。

invent:發(fā)明其對象是以前沒有的東西,而且往往是物質(zhì)性的東西。

例:ColumbusdiscoveredAmerica.ThomasEdisoninventedmanyuseful

things.

13.also,too與either

also比t。。更正式,只能用在肯定句中,一般緊緊靠近動詞(多在動詞之前,

或be動

詞、助動詞及情態(tài)動詞之后)。

too一般放在句末,或作為插入語放在句中,只能用在肯定句中,口語常與

also通用。

either用于否定句,放在句末。

例:Myfatherisateacher,mymotherisalsoateacher.

Myfatherisateacher,mymotherisateacher,too.

Myfatherdoesn'tgotoworktoday,mymotherdoesn't,cither.

14.none,nobody與noone的用法:

none即可指'代人,也可指代事物,表示“沒有一個人/東西”(強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量)作

主/賓語

等。后面可跟。f短語。作主語時,如其指代的是復(fù)數(shù)名詞,謂語用單、

復(fù)數(shù)都

行(強(qiáng)調(diào)整體時謂語常用復(fù)數(shù);強(qiáng)調(diào)個體時則常用單數(shù));如其指代的

是不可數(shù)

名詞,謂語用單數(shù)形式。常用來回答howmany或howmuch以及特定

范圍的

問題。

例:l??Howmanyofthewomenarenurses?-None(ofthemis/are).(主語)

2.-Howmuchwaterisleftinthebottle?-None(ofitis).(主語)

3.-Whichoftheboysplaysfootballwell?-None(ofthemdoes).(主語)

4.Arethereanystudentsintheclassroom?-None.(主語)

5.1understoodnoneofthequestions.(賓語)

6.Noneofuslike/likesit.(主語)

nobody和noone都指代人,表示“沒有人”(強(qiáng)調(diào)人),做主語時,謂語用

單數(shù),后

面不跟。f短語。?;卮饂ho和不確定的問題,在句中做主語或賓語。

例:1?Luckily,nobody/noonewashurtinthisaccident.(主語)

2.-Whowenttothezoolastweek?.-Nobody/Noone(did).(主語)

3.1canseenobodyintheroom.(賓語)

15.alone與lonely

alone用作形容詞,表"單獨的"(=byoneself)一個人或物,說明客觀情況;

只作表語。

lonely用點形容詞,表“孤獨、寂寞的”內(nèi)心感受,說明主觀情況。作表語

或定語。

例:Iwasaloneathome,butIdon'tfeellonely.

alone還可用作副詞,表示"獨自地”一個人或物二byoneself。

例:TheIonel、boyhadtowalktherealone.

alone標(biāo)加向,還可意為“僅僅「浜看”,必須放在所被修飾的名詞、代

詞后面。

例:YoucaiTtliveonmeatalone.=Youcan'tonlyliveonmeat.

16.real與true

real指實際與其外貌或傳說相符(客觀狀況):true則指與實際或真實情況

相符,而

非虛假的(抽象內(nèi)涵虛在表示某事是真實的時候,往往可以通用。

例:Isthisrealleatherorplastic?

Thatisatruefriendship/story.

Tellmethetrue/realreasonforyourabsence.

really與truly

really常用于表說話的語氣或程度(客觀狀況):truly常用于表態(tài)度(抽象

內(nèi)涵)。

例:It'sreallyniceofyoutosayso.I'mtrill、sorryfordoingthat.

17.arrive,get與reach

arrive近.(不及物動詞),表示到某地時(名詞),后面接介詞in(大地方)或at(小

地方)。

get近.(不及物動詞),表示到某地時(名詞),后面接介詞to。

※但地方如為home.here.there副詞時,上述兩個動詞都不用介詞。

例:1.HehasarrivedinBeijing.Theyarrivedatthesmallvillagelastnight.

Tomhasairivedhere.

2.1gottoBeijingtwodaysago.Hashe<>othome?

reachW.(及物動詞),后面直接接地點名詞;(不及物動詞),后面直接接home,

here,there等地點副詞。

例:TheyhavereachedBeijing.LiLeireachedhomelatelastnight.

注意:單施使用時常用arrive,而不用其他兩個詞。

例:TheyhadleftwhenIarrived.

18.pay,spend,cost與take

①Sb.pay(sb.money)forsth.某人為....付款

LiLeipaidmefivevuanfortheknife.Ihavepaidforthetickets.

(pay賓語常為金錢?或表麗的詞,可帶雙賓語)

②Sb.spendtime/money(in)doingsth.某人花費時間或金錢做某事

Sb.spendtime/moneyonsth.某人在某事物上花費時間或金錢

Ispendhalfanhour(in)doinumyhomeworkeveryevening.

Hespent20yuanonthedictionary.

③Sth.cost(sb.)money某物花費某人金錢或代價(cost后面可帶

雙賓語)

Thedictionarycosthim20yuan,

(=Hepaid20yuanforthedictionary?/Hespent20yuanonthedictionary)

Thedictionaoycosts20yuan.(問句:Howmuchdoesthedictionarycost?)

?It+take+sb+sometime+todosth.做某事花費某人時間或精力

(不定式真正主語,take后面可帶雙賓語)

Ithastakenhimtwomonthstogetthere.(=Hehasspenttwomonthsin

gettingthere.)

HowlongdoesittaketoreachBeijinq?

Sb.+take+sometime+todosth.某人花費時間/精力做某事

Hetookanhourt。finishthework.=Ittookhimanhourt。finishthework.

(=Hespentanhourinfinishingthework./Hespentanhouronthework.)

說明:pay,spend常以人作主語;cost常以物作主語;take常以事情(不定式)做

真正主語

(后置,it做形式主語)

19.prefer的用法:

①prefer(todo/doing)sth.

Iprefertoswim/swimmingintheriver.(不定式表具體性,動名詞表習(xí)慣性)

②prefer(doing)sth.to(doing)sth.=like—betterthan…?(喜歡做前者而不喜

歡春后者)

Heprefersthisbooktothatone.Heprefersskatingtodancing

(3)prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.=preferdoingsth.todoingsth.(寧愿做…

而不做…)

1prefertolearnEnglishratherthanplaythepianoonSunday.

=IpreferlearningEnglishtoplayingthepianoonSunday.

20.beyond用法:

①prep.(表位置)在...的那邊,遠(yuǎn)于Hecamefrombeyondthesea(海外).

(表時間)遲于...Hecameherebeyondnineo'clock.

(表范圍、限度)超出Somespacecrafthavegonebe、ondthe

solarsystem.

(常用于問、否句)除....以外Ican"tellyouanythingbeyondwhat

youknow.

②adv.(在或向遠(yuǎn)處)Lookbeyond,youllgetagoodview

fromhere.

詞的用法

entrance/enter:Iight(n./v./adj.);over/morethan;reaI

/reaIly;

aIready;just;twice(once/threetimes…)在完成時中的用法

showsb.sth./showsth.tosb./showsb.around/(beonshow(n.))

prefertodosth./prefersth.tosth./preferdoingsth.todoing

sth.

(prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.)

none的用法

2)辨析

Iatest與Iater辨析;discover與find/invent辨析;cost與pay

for/spend辨析

none與neither辨析

二、重點短語:spacestation,spaceshuttle,onbusiness,millionsof,goaround,

solarsystem,inspace,showsth.tosb.,bringsih.back,sendsb.amessage,

sendsth.tosb.asksb.forsth.finishdoing

1.onthespacestation2.spaceshuttle3.thesolarsystem

4.beonthenews5.onbusiness6.millionsof7.go/travel

around

8.morethan=over9.theMilkyWay10.in

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