砌筑砂漿應(yīng)滿足下列技術(shù)性質(zhì)：Themasonrymortarshallmeetthefollowingtechnicalproperties:《機(jī)械員》

“TheMechanic”主講老師介紹：Introductionofthelecturer：本人湯發(fā)明畢業(yè)于東南大學(xué)，現(xiàn)任安徽禹堯工程建設(shè)有限公司總經(jīng)理，很榮幸本章由我?guī)ьI(lǐng)大家一起學(xué)習(xí)和了解“第二章

新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、新規(guī)范”方面的知識(shí)。IamTangFaming,graduatedfromSoutheastUniversityandnowservesasthegeneralmanagerofAnhuiYuyaoEngineeringConstructionCo.,Ltd.Itismyhonortoleadyoutolearnandunderstandtheknowledgeof"ChapterIINewStandardsandSpecifications"inthischapter.第二章

Chapter2新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、新規(guī)范Newstandards,newspecifications第一章Chapter1建筑機(jī)械管理相關(guān)法律法規(guī)Lawsandregulationsrelatedtoconstructionmachinerymanagement第二節(jié)Section2中華人民共和國(guó)特種設(shè)備安全法LawofthePeople'sRepublicofChinaontheSafetyofSpecialEquipment主要內(nèi)容

Maincontent《施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)機(jī)械設(shè)備檢查技術(shù)規(guī)范》

JGJ160—2016（節(jié)選）“TechnicalSpecificationfortheInspectionofMechanicalEquipmentonConstructionSites”JGJ160—2016(Excerpt)（一）《建筑機(jī)械使用安全技術(shù)規(guī)程》JGJ33—2012（節(jié)選）TechnicalRegulationsforSafetyintheUseofConstructionMachinery

JGJ33—2012（Excerpt）（二）主要內(nèi)容

MaincontentJGJ是表示建工行業(yè)建設(shè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。JGJistheconstructionstandardfortheconstructionindustry;JG是建工，J是建設(shè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。JGisconstructionandJistheconstructionstandard.主要內(nèi)容Maincontent（一）《施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)機(jī)械設(shè)備檢查技術(shù)規(guī)范》JGJ160—2016（節(jié)選）“TechnicalSpecificationfortheInspectionofMechanicalEquipmentonConstructionSites”

JGJ160—2016(Excerpt)

030102041、概述1.Overview本規(guī)范由14章組成，主要技術(shù)內(nèi)容是Thisspecificationconsistsof14chapters,themaintechnicalcontentis基本規(guī)定basicprovisions總則general術(shù)語(yǔ)terminology

動(dòng)力設(shè)備powerequipment（一）《施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)機(jī)械設(shè)備檢查技術(shù)規(guī)范》JGJ160—2016（節(jié)選）“TechnicalSpecificationfortheInspectionofMechanicalEquipmentonConstructionSites”

JGJ160—2016(Excerpt)

07高空作業(yè)設(shè)備aerialworkequipment050608樁工機(jī)械pilingmachinery起重機(jī)械liftingmachinery1、概述1.Overview本規(guī)范由14章組成，主要技術(shù)內(nèi)容是Thisspecificationconsistsof14chapters,themaintechnicalcontentis土方及筑路機(jī)械earthandroadconstructionmachinery（一）《施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)機(jī)械設(shè)備檢查技術(shù)規(guī)范》JGJ160—2016（節(jié)選）“TechnicalSpecificationfortheInspectionofMechanicalEquipmentonConstructionSites”

JGJ160—2016(Excerpt)

11091012混凝土機(jī)械concretemachinery1、概述1.Overview本規(guī)范由14章組成，主要技術(shù)內(nèi)容是Thisspecificationconsistsof14chapters,themaintechnicalcontentis木工機(jī)械woodworkingmachinery焊接機(jī)械weldingmachinery鋼筋加工機(jī)械steelprocessingmachinery（一）《施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)機(jī)械設(shè)備檢查技術(shù)規(guī)范》JGJ160—2016（節(jié)選）“TechnicalSpecificationfortheInspectionofMechanicalEquipmentonConstructionSites”

JGJ160—2016(Excerpt)

1314砂漿機(jī)械mortarmachinery1、概述1.Overview本規(guī)范由14章組成，主要技術(shù)內(nèi)容是Thisspecificationconsistsof14chapters,themaintechnicalcontentis非開(kāi)挖機(jī)械non-excavationmachinery（一）《施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)機(jī)械設(shè)備檢查技術(shù)規(guī)范》JGJ160—2016（節(jié)選）“TechnicalSpecificationfortheInspectionofMechanicalEquipmentonConstructionSites”

JGJ160—2016(Excerpt)

1、概述1.Overview與《施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)機(jī)械設(shè)備檢查技術(shù)規(guī)程》JGJ160—2008相比，本規(guī)范修訂的主要技術(shù)內(nèi)容是將原標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的框架作了局部調(diào)整新增機(jī)械種類有挖掘裝載機(jī)、液壓破碎錘、瀝青灑布車、打夯機(jī)、灑水車、銑刨機(jī)、水泥混凝土滑模攤鋪機(jī)、全套管鉆機(jī)、旋挖鉆機(jī)、深層攪拌機(jī)、自行式高空作業(yè)平臺(tái)、混凝土振搗器、混凝土布料機(jī)（桿）、混凝土真空吸水機(jī)、氬弧焊機(jī)、數(shù)控鋼筋彎箍機(jī)、鋼筋籠自動(dòng)焊接機(jī)、木工圓盤(pán)鋸、砂漿攪拌機(jī)、砂漿輸送泵、砂漿噴射機(jī)組、砂漿抹光機(jī)、頂管機(jī)等。Comparedwiththe"TechnicalSpecificationforInspectionofMechanicalEquipmentonConstructionSites"JGJ160-2008,themaintechnicalcontentofthisspecificationrevisionistomakepartialadjustmentstotheoriginalstandardframework.Thenewtypesofmachineryincludeexcavationloaders,hydrauliccrushinghammers,asphaltdistributiontrucks,compactors,sprinklertrucks,millingmachines,cementconcreteslidingformpavers,fullcasingdrillingmachines,rotarydrillingmachines,deepmixingmachines,self-propelledaerialworkplatforms,concretevibratorsConcretedistributionmachine(pole),concretevacuumsuctionmachine,argonarcweldingmachine,CNCsteelbarbendingmachine,steelbarcageautomaticweldingmachine,woodworkingcircularsaw,mortarmixer,mortarconveyingpump,mortarsprayingunit,mortarpolishingmachine,pipejackingmachine,etc.（一）《施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)機(jī)械設(shè)備檢查技術(shù)規(guī)范》JGJ160—2016（節(jié)選）“TechnicalSpecificationfortheInspectionofMechanicalEquipmentonConstructionSites”

JGJ160—2016(Excerpt)

1、概述1.Overview與《施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)機(jī)械設(shè)備檢查技術(shù)規(guī)程》JGJ160—2008相比，本規(guī)范的強(qiáng)制性條文大幅減少。由原來(lái)的20條，減少為14條。Comparedwiththe"TechnicalRegulationsforInspectionofConstructionSiteMachineryandEquipment"JGJ160-2008,themandatoryprovisionsofthisspecificationhavebeensignificantlyreduced.Fromtheoriginal20articles,reducedto14articles.（一）《施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)機(jī)械設(shè)備檢查技術(shù)規(guī)范》JGJ160—2016（節(jié)選）“TechnicalSpecificationfortheInspectionofMechanicalEquipmentonConstructionSites”

JGJ160—2016(Excerpt)

2.重點(diǎn)解析2.Focusedanalysis

本節(jié)對(duì)規(guī)范中的前4節(jié)中的重點(diǎn)條文進(jìn)行解析，為便于理解，本節(jié)仍采用規(guī)范的序號(hào)。Thissectionprovidesananalysisofthekeyprovisionsinthefirst4sectionsofthespecification.Foreaseofunderstanding,theserialnumbersofthespecificationarestillusedinthissection.1.總則1.GeneralProvisions1.0.4施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)機(jī)械設(shè)備的檢查除應(yīng)符合本規(guī)范外，尚應(yīng)符合國(guó)家現(xiàn)行有關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的規(guī)定。1.0.4Theinspectionofmachineryandequipmentonconstructionsitesshall,inadditiontothisspecification,conformtotheprovisionsoftherelevantnationalstandardsinforce.解讀：Interpretation:施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)機(jī)械設(shè)備的種類相當(dāng)多，本規(guī)范并沒(méi)有全部列出。Therearequiteafewtypesofmechanicalequipmentontheconstructionsite,andnotallofthemarelistedinthisspecification.解讀：Interpretation:為避免重復(fù)，施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)機(jī)械設(shè)備檢查已有國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)范及規(guī)定，本規(guī)范進(jìn)行了選擇性刪減。Toavoidduplication,therearenationalstandardsandregulationsfortheinspectionofmechanicalequipmentontheconstructionsite,andthisspecificationhasbeenselectivelydeleted.解讀：Interpretation:因此，施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)機(jī)械設(shè)備檢查除執(zhí)行本規(guī)范外，相關(guān)的國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)范及規(guī)定，均必須遵照?qǐng)?zhí)行。Therefore,inadditiontoimplementingthisspecification,theinspectionofmechanicalequipmentontheconstructionsitemustalsocomplywithrelevantnationalstandards,specifications,andregulations.（一）《施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)機(jī)械設(shè)備檢查技術(shù)規(guī)范》JGJ160—2016（節(jié)選）“TechnicalSpecificationfortheInspectionofMechanicalEquipmentonConstructionSites”

JGJ160—2016(Excerpt)

3.基本規(guī)定3.Basicregulations3.0.6機(jī)械設(shè)備用電應(yīng)符合現(xiàn)行行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)《施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)臨時(shí)用電安全技術(shù)規(guī)范》JGJ46的有關(guān)規(guī)定。3.0.6Theuseofelectricityformachineryandequipmentshallcomplywiththerelevantprovisionsofthecurrentindustrystandard"TechnicalSpecificationforSafetyofTemporaryElectricityUseonConstructionSites"JGJ46.（一）《施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)機(jī)械設(shè)備檢查技術(shù)規(guī)范》JGJ160—2016（節(jié)選）“TechnicalSpecificationfortheInspectionofMechanicalEquipmentonConstructionSites”

JGJ160—2016(Excerpt)

3.基本規(guī)定3.Basicregulations解讀：本條要求機(jī)械設(shè)備的臨時(shí)用電應(yīng)符合現(xiàn)行行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)《施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)臨時(shí)用電安全技術(shù)規(guī)范》JGJ46的要求。Interpretation:Thisarticlerequiresthatthetemporaryelectricityuseofmechanicalequipmentshouldcomplywiththerequirementsofthecurrentindustrystandard"TechnicalSpecificationforSafetyofTemporaryElectricityUseonConstructionSites"JGJ46.

（一）《施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)機(jī)械設(shè)備檢查技術(shù)規(guī)范》JGJ160—2016（節(jié)選）“TechnicalSpecificationfortheInspectionofMechanicalEquipmentonConstructionSites”

JGJ160—2016(Excerpt)

3.基本規(guī)定3.Basicregulations認(rèn)真執(zhí)行規(guī)范中體現(xiàn)的三項(xiàng)基本安全技術(shù)原則（①采用三級(jí)配電系統(tǒng)；②采用TN-S接零保護(hù)系統(tǒng)；③采用漏電保護(hù)系統(tǒng)）是保障用電安全，防止觸電和電氣火災(zāi)事故的重要技術(shù)措施。Seriouslyimplementingthethreebasicsafetytechnicalprinciplesreflectedinthespecifications(①adoptingathree-leveldistributionsystem;②adoptingaTN-Sneutralprotectionsystem;③adoptingaleakageprotectionsystem)isanimportanttechnicalmeasuretoensureelectricitysafetyandpreventelectricshockandelectricalfireaccidents.4.動(dòng)力設(shè)備4.Powerequipment4.1柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組4.1Dieselgeneratorsets4.1.2柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組應(yīng)高出室內(nèi)地面0.25～0.30m。4.1.2Dieselgeneratorsetsshouldbe0.25-0.30maboveindoorgroundlevel.移動(dòng)式柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組應(yīng)處于水平狀態(tài)，放置穩(wěn)固，其拖車應(yīng)可靠接地，前后輪應(yīng)固定。mobiledieselgeneratorsetsshouldbeinahorizontalstate,placedfirmly,theirtrailersshouldbereliablygrounded,andthefrontandrearwheelsshouldbefixed.4.1.2柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組應(yīng)高出室內(nèi)地面0.25～0.30m。4.1.2Dieselgeneratorsetsshouldbe0.25-0.30maboveindoorgroundlevel.室外使用的柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組應(yīng)搭設(shè)防護(hù)棚。Dieselgeneratorsetsusedoutdoorsshouldbesetupwithaprotectiveshed.（一）《施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)機(jī)械設(shè)備檢查技術(shù)規(guī)范》JGJ160—2016（節(jié)選）“TechnicalSpecificationfortheInspectionofMechanicalEquipmentonConstructionSites”

JGJ160—2016(Excerpt)

4.動(dòng)力設(shè)備4.Powerequipment解讀：固定式柴油發(fā)電機(jī)，工作中產(chǎn)生振動(dòng)和沖擊，安裝時(shí)需要放置平穩(wěn)、固定良好為防止發(fā)電機(jī)絕緣損壞導(dǎo)致人員觸電，應(yīng)采取拖車接地措施接零可單獨(dú)設(shè)臨時(shí)接地極，也可接到埋設(shè)在地下無(wú)可燃性氣體或無(wú)爆炸物質(zhì)的金屬管道上，以及與大地有可靠連接的建筑物的金屬構(gòu)架上。Interpretation:FixedDieselgeneratorgeneratesvibrationandimpactduringoperation.Itneedstobeplacedstablyandfixedwellduringinstallation.Inordertopreventelectricshockcausedbyinsulationdamageofthegenerator,trailergroundingmeasuresshouldbetaken.Aseparatetemporarygroundingelectrodecanbesetforneutralconnection,oritcanbeconnectedtoburiedmetalpipeswithoutcombustiblegasorexplosivesubstancesunderground,aswellastothemetalframeofbuildingswithreliableconnectiontotheearth.4.動(dòng)力設(shè)備4.Powerequipment4.1.3柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組及其控制、配電、修理室等的設(shè)置應(yīng)滿足電氣安全距離和防火要求排煙管道應(yīng)伸出室外，且嚴(yán)禁在室內(nèi)存放儲(chǔ)油桶。4.1.3Dieselgeneratingsetsandtheircontrol,distributionandrepairroomsshouldbesetuptomeetelectricalsafetydistancesandfireprotectionrequirementsfumeextractionductsshouldextendoutdoorsandstorageofoildrumsindoorsisstrictlyprohibited.（一）《施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)機(jī)械設(shè)備檢查技術(shù)規(guī)范》JGJ160—2016（節(jié)選）“TechnicalSpecificationfortheInspectionofMechanicalEquipmentonConstructionSites”

JGJ160—2016(Excerpt)

4.動(dòng)力設(shè)備4.Powerequipment解讀：排煙管應(yīng)伸出室外，將汽缸內(nèi)的廢氣排出，減少排煙系統(tǒng)的背壓，降低廢氣阻力和溫度，提高柴油機(jī)的工作效率和工作性能；Interpretation:theexhaustpipeshouldbeextendedoutdoorstodischargetheexhaustgasfromthecylinder,reducethebackpressureoftheexhaustsystem,reducetheexhaustgasresistanceandtemperature,andimprovetheefficiencyandperformanceofthedieselengine;同時(shí)，確保發(fā)電機(jī)組具有良好的工作環(huán)境，應(yīng)保證操作人員的安全和減少對(duì)建筑物外觀的影響及對(duì)周圍環(huán)境的污染atthesametime,toensurethatthegeneratorsethasagoodworkingenvironment,shouldensurethesafetyoftheoperatorandreducetheimpactontheappearanceofthebuildingandpollutionofthesurroundingenvironment.（一）《施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)機(jī)械設(shè)備檢查技術(shù)規(guī)范》JGJ160—2016（節(jié)選）“TechnicalSpecificationfortheInspectionofMechanicalEquipmentonConstructionSites”

JGJ160—2016(Excerpt)

4.動(dòng)力設(shè)備4.Powerequipment嚴(yán)禁在室內(nèi)存放儲(chǔ)油桶。Itisstrictlyforbiddentostoreoilstoragedrumsindoors.主要原因是：由于室內(nèi)溫度很高，尤其在排煙管道（一般為350～550℃）附近，使存放的儲(chǔ)油桶內(nèi)達(dá)到燃點(diǎn)而引起火災(zāi)和爆炸。Themainreasonforthisisthatthehighindoortemperatures,especiallyinthevicinityofthefumeexhaustducts(generally350-550°C),causefiresandexplosionswhenthestoredoildrumsreachtheirignitionpoint.4.1.5柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組嚴(yán)禁與外電線路并列運(yùn)行，且應(yīng)采取電氣隔離措施與外電線路互鎖。4.1.5Dieselgeneratorsetsarestrictlyprohibitedtoruninparallelwithexternalpowerlinesandshouldbeinterlockedwithexternalpowerlinesbytakingelectricalisolationmeasures.當(dāng)兩臺(tái)及以上發(fā)電機(jī)組并列運(yùn)行時(shí)，必須裝設(shè)同步裝置，且應(yīng)在機(jī)組同步后再向負(fù)載供電。Whentwoormoregeneratingsetsarerunninginparallel,synchronisationdevicesmustbeinstalledandpowershouldbesuppliedtotheloadafterthesetshavebeensynchronised.（一）《施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)機(jī)械設(shè)備檢查技術(shù)規(guī)范》JGJ160—2016（節(jié)選）“TechnicalSpecificationfortheInspectionofMechanicalEquipmentonConstructionSites”

JGJ160—2016(Excerpt)

解讀：本條為強(qiáng)制性條文。Interpretation:Thisarticleisamandatoryprovision.對(duì)發(fā)電機(jī)組電源與外電源線路的電氣隔離措施及保證發(fā)電機(jī)組不致因與外電線路并列運(yùn)行而發(fā)生倒送電燒毀事故所作出的規(guī)定。ProvisionsontheGalvanicisolationmeasuresbetweenthepowersupplyofthegeneratorsetandtheexternalpowersupplyline,andtoensurethatthegeneratorsetwillnotbeburnedduetothereversepowertransmissionduetoparalleloperationwiththeexternalpowersupplyline.（一）《施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)機(jī)械設(shè)備檢查技術(shù)規(guī)范》JGJ160—2016（節(jié)選）“TechnicalSpecificationfortheInspectionofMechanicalEquipmentonConstructionSites”

JGJ160—2016(Excerpt)

解讀：本條為強(qiáng)制性條文。Interpretation:Thisarticleisamandatoryprovision.發(fā)電機(jī)組電源與外電源線路并列運(yùn)行會(huì)發(fā)生倒送電燒毀事故，因此要采用電氣隔離措施和互鎖裝置，保證發(fā)電機(jī)組與外電線路不并列運(yùn)行。Theparalleloperationofgeneratorsetpowersupplyandexternalpowersupplylinewillleadtotheburningaccidentofreversepowertransmission.Therefore,Galvanicisolationmeasuresandinterlockdevicesshallbeadoptedtoensurethatthegeneratorsetandexternalpowersupplylinedonotoperateinparallel.（一）《施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)機(jī)械設(shè)備檢查技術(shù)規(guī)范》JGJ160—2016（節(jié)選）“TechnicalSpecificationfortheInspectionofMechanicalEquipmentonConstructionSites”

JGJ160—2016(Excerpt)

解讀：本條為強(qiáng)制性條文。Interpretation:Thisarticleisamandatoryprovision.當(dāng)兩臺(tái)及以上發(fā)電機(jī)組并列運(yùn)行時(shí)，同步裝置保證多臺(tái)發(fā)電機(jī)組所發(fā)電流頻率一致。Whentwoormoregeneratorunitsoperateinparallel,thesynchronizationdeviceensuresthatthecurrentfrequencygeneratedbymultiplegeneratorunitsisconsistent.4.1.7柴油機(jī)應(yīng)符合下列規(guī)定：Dieselenginesshallcomplywiththefollowingprovisions:（1）柴油機(jī)啟動(dòng)、加速性能應(yīng)良好，怠速應(yīng)平穩(wěn)；(1)Thedieselengineshouldhavegoodstartingandaccelerationperformanceandasmoothidlespeed;（2）運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)不應(yīng)有異響，水溫、儀表指示數(shù)據(jù)應(yīng)準(zhǔn)確，并應(yīng)符合使用說(shuō)明書(shū)的規(guī)定；(2)Thereshouldbenoabnormalnoiseinoperation,watertemperatureandinstrumentindicationdatashouldbeaccurateandshouldconformtotheprovisionsoftheoperatinginstructions;4.1.7柴油機(jī)應(yīng)符合下列規(guī)定：Dieselenginesshallcomplywiththefollowingprovisions:（3）柴油機(jī)曲軸箱內(nèi)機(jī)油量宜在機(jī)油尺上下刻度中間稍上位置；(3)Theamountofoilinthecrankcaseofadieselengineshouldbeslightlyabovethemiddleoftheupperandlowerscalesoftheoildipstick;4.1.7柴油機(jī)應(yīng)符合下列規(guī)定：Dieselenginesshallcomplywiththefollowingprovisions:（4）空氣、機(jī)油、柴油濾清器應(yīng)保持清潔，更換濾芯的時(shí)間應(yīng)按使用說(shuō)明書(shū)要求執(zhí)行；(4)Theair,oilanddieselfiltersshouldbekeptcleanandthereplacementofthefilterelementsshouldbecarriedoutinaccordancewiththeoperatinginstructions;4.1.7柴油機(jī)應(yīng)符合下列規(guī)定：Dieselenginesshallcomplywiththefollowingprovisions:（5）水箱應(yīng)定期清洗，水箱內(nèi)外應(yīng)清潔；(5)Thewatertankshouldbecleanedregularlyandtheinsideandoutsideofthetankshouldbeclean;（6）當(dāng)水溫超過(guò)規(guī)定值時(shí)，節(jié)溫裝置應(yīng)能自動(dòng)打開(kāi)；(6)Thetemperaturesavingdeviceshallbeabletoopenautomaticallywhenthewatertemperatureexceedsthespecifiedvalue;4.1.7柴油機(jī)應(yīng)符合下列規(guī)定：Dieselenginesshallcomplywiththefollowingprovisions:（7）風(fēng)扇皮帶松緊應(yīng)適度；(7)Thefanbeltshouldbeappropriatelytightened;（8）電氣線路和油管管路應(yīng)排列整齊、卡固牢靠；(8)Electricalwiringandoilpipingshallbeneatlyarrangedandsecurelyfastened;4.1.7柴油機(jī)應(yīng)符合下列規(guī)定：Dieselenginesshallcomplywiththefollowingprovisions:（9）柴油機(jī)地腳螺栓不應(yīng)松動(dòng)和缺損；(9)Dieselfootboltsshouldnotbelooseordefective;（10）柴油機(jī)負(fù)荷調(diào)節(jié)器配備應(yīng)合理。(10)Thedieselengineloadregulatorshouldbereasonablyequipped.（一）《施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)機(jī)械設(shè)備檢查技術(shù)規(guī)范》JGJ160—2016（節(jié)選）“TechnicalSpecificationfortheInspectionofMechanicalEquipmentonConstructionSites”

JGJ160—2016(Excerpt)

解讀：本條是對(duì)柴油機(jī)的通用技術(shù)要求。Interpretation:Thisarticleisageneraltechnicalrequirementfordieselengines.發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)在運(yùn)行過(guò)程中，司機(jī)應(yīng)經(jīng)常目視機(jī)油壓力表，發(fā)現(xiàn)不正常時(shí)，應(yīng)立即停機(jī)檢查，待故障排除后，方可再行啟動(dòng)否則會(huì)造成嚴(yán)重的機(jī)械事故。Duringtheoperationoftheengine,thedrivershouldalwaysvisuallyinspecttheoilpressuregauge,andwhenabnormalitiesarefound,theengineshouldbestoppedimmediatelyforinspectionandonlyrestartedafterthefaulthasbeenremovedotherwiseitwillcauseseriousmechanicalaccidents.（一）《施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)機(jī)械設(shè)備檢查技術(shù)規(guī)范》JGJ160—2016（節(jié)選）“TechnicalSpecificationfortheInspectionofMechanicalEquipmentonConstructionSites”

JGJ160—2016(Excerpt)

解讀：本條是對(duì)柴油機(jī)的通用技術(shù)要求。Interpretation:Thisarticleisageneraltechnicalrequirementfordieselengines.每日例保時(shí)，司機(jī)應(yīng)檢查機(jī)油尺所示機(jī)油量；Duringthedailyroutinemaintenance,thedrivershouldchecktheamountofoilshownonthedipstick;油量過(guò)少會(huì)導(dǎo)致機(jī)油壓力低，發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)因得不到良好潤(rùn)滑而發(fā)生機(jī)械事故；toolittleoilwillleadtolowoilpressureandtheenginewillnotbewelllubricatedandmechanicalaccidentswilloccur;（一）《施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)機(jī)械設(shè)備檢查技術(shù)規(guī)范》JGJ160—2016（節(jié)選）“TechnicalSpecificationfortheInspectionofMechanicalEquipmentonConstructionSites”

JGJ160—2016(Excerpt)

解讀：本條是對(duì)柴油機(jī)的通用技術(shù)要求。Interpretation:Thisarticleisageneraltechnicalrequirementfordieselengines.油量過(guò)多會(huì)導(dǎo)致串油，發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)冒藍(lán)煙，造成輸出功率下降；toomuchoilwillleadtooilstringingandbluesmokefromtheengine,resultinginreducedoutput;曲軸箱內(nèi)機(jī)油超出油尺上刻度會(huì)導(dǎo)致排氣管噴出機(jī)油。oilinthecrankcaseexceedingthescaleonthedipstickwillleadtooilsprayingfromtheexhaustpipe.（一）《施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)機(jī)械設(shè)備檢查技術(shù)規(guī)范》JGJ160—2016（節(jié)選）“TechnicalSpecificationfortheInspectionofMechanicalEquipmentonConstructionSites”

JGJ160—2016(Excerpt)

解讀：本條是對(duì)柴油機(jī)的通用技術(shù)要求。Interpretation:Thisarticleisageneraltechnicalrequirementfordieselengines.發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的節(jié)溫器是保持發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)水溫的一種裝置，當(dāng)氣溫達(dá)不到80℃時(shí)，節(jié)溫器關(guān)閉；Theenginethermostatisadevicetokeeptheenginewatertemperature,whenthetemperaturedoesnotreach80℃,thethermostatisclosed;當(dāng)水溫超過(guò)80℃時(shí)，節(jié)溫器打開(kāi)，發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)水套內(nèi)的水流向散熱器，散熱器開(kāi)始散熱，以保持發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。whenthewatertemperatureexceeds80℃,thethermostatopens,thewaterintheenginewaterjacketflowstotheradiator,theradiatorbeginstodissipateheattokeeptheenginerunningnormally.4.1.8電氣系統(tǒng)應(yīng)符合下列規(guī)定：Theelectricalsystemshallcomplywiththefollowingprovisions:（1）柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組應(yīng)采用電源中性點(diǎn)直接接地的三相四線制供電系統(tǒng)和獨(dú)立設(shè)置的與原供電系統(tǒng)一致的接零保護(hù)系統(tǒng)，接地體（線）連接應(yīng)正確、牢固，接地裝置敷設(shè)應(yīng)符合現(xiàn)行行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)《施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)臨時(shí)用電安全技術(shù)規(guī)范》JGJ46的規(guī)定；(1)Thedieselgeneratorsetshalladoptthethree-phasefourwirepowersupplysystemwiththepowersupplyneutralpointdirectlygroundedandtheindependentneutralprotectionsystemconsistentwiththeoriginalpowersupplysystem.Thegroundingbody(wire)connectionshallbecorrectandfirm,andthegroundingdeviceshallbelaidinaccordancewiththecurrentindustrystandard“TechnicalCodeforSafetyofTemporaryElectrificationonConstructionSite”JGJ46;（二）、《建筑機(jī)械使用安全技術(shù)規(guī)程》

JGJ33—2012（節(jié)選）

(2)"SafetyTechnicalRegulationsfortheUseofConstructionMachinery"

JGJ33-2012(excerpt)（二）《建筑機(jī)械使用安全技術(shù)規(guī)程》

JGJ33—2012（節(jié)選）

"SafetyTechnicalRegulationsfortheUseofConstructionMachinery"

JGJ33-2012(excerpt)4.1.8電氣系統(tǒng)應(yīng)符合下列規(guī)定：Theelectricalsystemshallcomplywiththefollowingprovisions:（2）柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組配電線路連接后，兩端的相序應(yīng)與原供電系統(tǒng)的相序一致；(2)Afterthedieselgeneratorsetdistributionlineisconnected,thephasesequenceatbothendsshouldbethesameasthephasesequenceoftheoriginalpowersupplysystem;4.1.8電氣系統(tǒng)應(yīng)符合下列規(guī)定：Theelectricalsystemshallcomplywiththefollowingprovisions:（3）柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組至低壓配電裝置配電線路的相間、相地間的絕緣應(yīng)良好，且絕緣電阻值應(yīng)大于0.5MΩ；(3)Theinsulationbetweenthephaseandthephasegroundofthedistributionlinefromthedieselgeneratorsettothelow-voltagedistributiondeviceshallbegood,andtheinsulationresistancevalueshallbegreaterthan0.5MΩ;4.1.8電氣系統(tǒng)應(yīng)符合下列規(guī)定：Theelectricalsystemshallcomplywiththefollowingprovisions:（4）勵(lì)磁調(diào)壓、滅弧裝置和繼電保護(hù)裝置應(yīng)齊全、可靠；(4)Excitationandvoltageregulation,arcextinguishingdevicesandrelayprotectiondevicesshallbecompleteandreliable;（5）供電系統(tǒng)應(yīng)設(shè)置電源隔離開(kāi)關(guān)及短路、過(guò)載和漏電保護(hù)電器電源隔離開(kāi)關(guān)分?jǐn)鄷r(shí)應(yīng)有明顯可見(jiàn)的分?jǐn)帱c(diǎn)。(5)Thepowersupplysystemshouldbeequippedwithpowerdisconnectswitchesandshortcircuit,overloadandleakageprotectionappliancesPowerdisconnectswitchesshouldhaveclearlyvisiblebreakingpointswhenbreaking.（一）《施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)機(jī)械設(shè)備檢查技術(shù)規(guī)范》JGJ160—2016（節(jié)選）“TechnicalSpecificationfortheInspectionofMechanicalEquipmentonConstructionSites”

JGJ160—2016(Excerpt)

解讀：Interpretation:本條對(duì)柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組的接地形式作出了規(guī)定，應(yīng)符合現(xiàn)行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)《施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)臨時(shí)用電安全技術(shù)規(guī)范》JGJ46的規(guī)定，其中，當(dāng)單臺(tái)容量超過(guò)100kVA（千伏安）或使用同一接地裝置并聯(lián)運(yùn)行且總?cè)萘砍^(guò)100kVA的發(fā)電機(jī)的工作接地電阻值不應(yīng)大于4Ω；Thisarticlestipulatesthegroundingformofdieselgeneratorset,whichshouldcomplywiththeprovisionsofthecurrentindustrystandard“TechnicalCodeforSafetyofTemporaryElectrificationonConstructionSite”JGJ46,wheretheworkinggroundingresistancevalueofgeneratorswithasinglecapacityofmorethan100kVA(kilovoltamperes)orparalleloperationusingthesamegroundingdeviceandatotalcapacityofmorethan100kVAshouldnotbegreaterthan4Ω;（一）《施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)機(jī)械設(shè)備檢查技術(shù)規(guī)范》JGJ160—2016（節(jié)選）“TechnicalSpecificationfortheInspectionofMechanicalEquipmentonConstructionSites”

JGJ160—2016(Excerpt)

解讀：Interpretation:當(dāng)單臺(tái)容量不超過(guò)100kVA或使用同一接地裝置并聯(lián)運(yùn)行且總?cè)萘坎怀^(guò)100kVA的電力變壓器或發(fā)電機(jī)的工作接地電阻值不應(yīng)大于10Ω；Theworkinggroundingresistancevalueofapowertransformerorgeneratorwithasinglecapacitynotexceeding100kVAoroperatinginparallelwiththesamegroundingdeviceandatotalcapacitynotexceeding100kVAshouldnotexceed10Ω;在土壤電阻率大于100Ω.m（歐米伽米）的地區(qū)，當(dāng)達(dá)到上述接地電阻值有困難時(shí)，工作接地電阻值可提高到30Ω。Inareaswithsoilresistivitygreaterthan100Ω.m(Omegameter),whenitisdifficulttoreachtheabovegroundingresistancevalue,theworkinggroundingresistancevaluecanbeincreasedto30Ω.（一）《施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)機(jī)械設(shè)備檢查技術(shù)規(guī)范》JGJ160—2016（節(jié)選）“TechnicalSpecificationfortheInspectionofMechanicalEquipmentonConstructionSites”

JGJ160—2016(Excerpt)

解讀：Interpretation:核準(zhǔn)相序是兩個(gè)電源向同一供電系統(tǒng)供電的必經(jīng)手續(xù)，相序一致才能確保用電設(shè)備的性能和安全，應(yīng)符合現(xiàn)行國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)《建筑電氣工程施工質(zhì)量驗(yàn)收規(guī)范》GB50303的規(guī)定。Approvalofthephasesequenceisanecessaryprocedurefortwopowersourcestosupplypowertothesamepowersupplysystem.Thephasesequenceisconsistentinordertoensuretheperformanceandsafetyofelectricalequipmentandshouldcomplywiththecurrentnationalstandard"CodeofConstructionQualityAcceptanceforBuildingElectricalWorks"GB50303.（一）《施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)機(jī)械設(shè)備檢查技術(shù)規(guī)范》JGJ160—2016（節(jié)選）“TechnicalSpecificationfortheInspectionofMechanicalEquipmentonConstructionSites”

JGJ160—2016(Excerpt)

解讀：Interpretation:在供電系統(tǒng)設(shè)置電源隔離開(kāi)關(guān)及短路、過(guò)載、漏電保護(hù)器是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)適應(yīng)施工用電工程的需要，應(yīng)符合現(xiàn)行行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)《施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)臨時(shí)用電安全技術(shù)規(guī)范》JGJ46的規(guī)定。Thepowerisolationswitchandshortcircuit,overloadandResidual-currentdevicearesetinthepowersupplysystemtoemphasizetheneedtoadapttotheconstructionpowerengineering,whichshouldcomplywiththecurrentindustrystandard“TechnicalCodeforSafetyofTemporaryPowerUseonConstructionSite“JGJ46.概述Overview為貫徹國(guó)家安全生產(chǎn)法律法規(guī)，保障建筑機(jī)械的正確使用，發(fā)揮機(jī)械效能，確保安全生產(chǎn)，制定本規(guī)程。Inordertoimplementthenationallawsandregulationsonsafetyproduction,guaranteethecorrectuseofconstructionmachinery,playmechanicalefficiency,toensuresafeproduction,thedevelopmentofthisregulation.本規(guī)程適用于建筑施工中各類建筑機(jī)械的使用與管理。Theseregulationsapplytotheuseandmanagementofvarioustypesofconstructionmachineryinbuildingconstruction.概述Overview本規(guī)程共13章，主要內(nèi)容包括：Thisregulationhas13chapters,themaincontentsinclude:1.總則；1.generalrules;2.基本規(guī)定；2.basicprovisions;3.動(dòng)力與電氣裝置；3.powerandelectricalinstallations;概述Overview本規(guī)程共13章，主要內(nèi)容包括：Thisregulationhas13chapters,themaincontentsinclude:4.建筑起重機(jī)械；4.constructionliftingmachinery;5.土石方機(jī)械；5.earthmovingmachinery;6.運(yùn)輸機(jī)械；6.transportmachinery;概述Overview本規(guī)程共13章，主要內(nèi)容包括：Thisregulationhas13chapters,themaincontentsinclude:7.樁工機(jī)械；7.pilingmachinery;8.混凝土機(jī)械；8.concretemachinery;9.鋼筋加工機(jī)械；9.steelprocessingmachinery;概述Overview本規(guī)程共13章，主要內(nèi)容包括：Thisregulationhas13chapters,themaincontentsinclude:10.木工機(jī)械；10.woodworkingmachinery;11.地下施工機(jī)械；11.undergroundconstructionmachinery;概述Overview本規(guī)程共13章，主要內(nèi)容包括：Thisregulationhas13chapters,themaincontentsinclude:12.焊接機(jī)械；12.weldingmachinery;13.其他中小型機(jī)械；附錄A～附錄C。13.othersmallandmedium-sizedmachinery;AppendixA~AppendixC.概述Overview本規(guī)程中以棕體字標(biāo)志的第2.0.1、2.0.2、2.0.3、2.0.21、4.1.1、4.1.14、4.5.2、5.1.4、5.1.10、5.5.6、5.10.20、5.13.7、7.1.23、8.2.7、10.3.1、12.1.4、12.1.9條為強(qiáng)制性條文，必須嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行。Sections2.0.1,2.0.2,2.0.3,2.0.21,4.1.1,4.1.14,4.5.2,5.1.4,5.1.10,5.5.6,5.10.20,5.13.7,7.1.23,8.2.7,10.3.1,12.1.4,12.1.9oftheseRegulations,markedinbrowntype,aremandatoryprovisionsTheprovisionsaremandatoryandmustbestrictlyenforced.概述Overview原《建筑機(jī)械使用安全技術(shù)規(guī)程》JGJ33—2001同時(shí)廢止。Theformer"SafetyTechnicalRegulationsfortheUseofConstructionMachinery"JGJ33-2001isalsorepealed.重點(diǎn)解析FocusedAnalysis本節(jié)對(duì)規(guī)范中的重點(diǎn)條文進(jìn)行解析，為便于理解，本節(jié)仍采用規(guī)范的序號(hào)。Thissectionprovidesananalysisofthekeyprovisionsinthespecification.Foreaseofunderstanding,theserialnumbersofthespecificationarestillusedinthissection.（二）《建筑機(jī)械使用安全技術(shù)規(guī)程》JGJ33—2012（節(jié)選）"SafetyTechnicalRegulationsfortheUseofConstructionMachinery"

JGJ33-2012(excerpt)重點(diǎn)解析FocusedAnalysis2.基本規(guī)定2.Basicregulations2.0.1特種設(shè)備操作人員應(yīng)經(jīng)過(guò)專業(yè)培訓(xùn)、考核合格取得建設(shè)行政主管部門(mén)頒發(fā)的操作證，并應(yīng)經(jīng)過(guò)安全技術(shù)交底后持證上崗。2.0.1Operatorsofspecialequipmentshallbeprofessionallytrainedandqualifiedtoobtaintheoperationcertificateissuedbytheconstructionadministrationdepartment,andshallbelicensedtoworkafterasafetytechnicalbriefing.（二）《建筑機(jī)械使用安全技術(shù)規(guī)程》JGJ33—2012（節(jié)選）"SafetyTechnicalRegulationsfortheUseofConstructionMachinery"

JGJ33-2012(excerpt)解讀：本條為強(qiáng)制性條文。Interpretation:Thisarticleisamandatoryprovision.本條規(guī)定了特種設(shè)備操作人員的資格條件，這是保證設(shè)備安全運(yùn)行的基本條件。Thisarticlespecifiesthequalificationsofoperatorsofspecialequipment,whichisthebasicconditiontoensurethesafeoperationoftheequipment.（二）《建筑機(jī)械使用安全技術(shù)規(guī)程》JGJ33—2012（節(jié)選）"SafetyTechnicalRegulationsfortheUseofConstructionMachinery"

JGJ33-2012(excerpt)解讀：本條為強(qiáng)制性條文。Interpretation:Thisarticleisamandatoryprovision.建筑工程中，常用的特種設(shè)備有橋式起重機(jī)、門(mén)式起重機(jī)、塔式起重機(jī)、流動(dòng)式起重機(jī)、升降機(jī)、場(chǎng)（廠）內(nèi)專用機(jī)動(dòng)車輛等。Inconstructionprojects,specialequipmentcommonlyusedarebridgecranes,portalcranes,towercranes,mobilecranes,liftsandspecialmotorvehiclesinthefield(plant).最常見(jiàn)的是塔式起重機(jī)、流動(dòng)式起重機(jī)、施工升降機(jī)、叉車等機(jī)械。Themostcommonaretowercranes,mobilecranes,constructionhoists,forkliftsandothermachinery.（二）《建筑機(jī)械使用安全技術(shù)規(guī)程》JGJ33—2012（節(jié)選）"SafetyTechnicalRegulationsfortheUseofConstructionMachinery"

JGJ33-2012(excerpt)2.0.2機(jī)械必須按出廠使用說(shuō)明書(shū)規(guī)定的技術(shù)性能、承載能力和使用條件，正確操作，合理使用，嚴(yán)禁超載、超速作業(yè)或任意擴(kuò)大使用范圍。2.0.2Machinerymustbeoperatedcorrectlyandusedreasonablyaccordingtothetechnicalperformance,load-bearingcapacity,andusageconditionsspecifiedinthefactorymanual.Overloading,overspeedoperation,orarbitrarilyexpandingthescopeofusearestrictlyprohibited.解讀：本條為強(qiáng)制性條文。Interpretation:Thisarticleisamandatoryprovision.施工機(jī)械的能力是有限的，在規(guī)定的技術(shù)能力范圍內(nèi)、承載能力范圍內(nèi)使用，機(jī)械是安全的，否則，會(huì)造成機(jī)械故障，甚至機(jī)械事故。Thecapacityofconstructionmachineryislimited,andthemachineryissafetousewithinthespecifiedtechnicalcapacityandcarryingcapacity;otherwise,itcancausemechanicalfailuresandevenmechanicalaccidents.（二）《建筑機(jī)械使用安全技術(shù)規(guī)程》JGJ33—2012（節(jié)選）"SafetyTechnicalRegulationsfortheUseofConstructionMachinery"

JGJ33-2012(excerpt)2.0.3機(jī)械上的各種安全防護(hù)和保險(xiǎn)裝置及各種安全信息裝置必須齊全有效。2.0.3Thevarioussafetyguardsandsafetiesandvarioussafetyinformationdevicesonthemachinerymustbecompleteandeffective.解讀：本條為強(qiáng)制性條文。Interpretation:Thisarticleisamandatoryprovision.安全防護(hù)和保險(xiǎn)裝置是機(jī)械的安全防護(hù)裝置，安全信息裝置是機(jī)械安全狀態(tài)的預(yù)報(bào)裝置。Safetyprotectionandsafetydevicesaremachinerysafetyprotectiondevices,safetyinformationdevicesaremachinerysafetystatusforecastingdevices.這些裝置的正確運(yùn)行，能有效防止事故的發(fā)生，保證機(jī)械的安全生產(chǎn)。Thecorrectoperationofthesedevices,caneffectivelypreventaccidents,toensurethesafeproductionofmachinery.（二）《建筑機(jī)械使用安全技術(shù)規(guī)程》JGJ33—2012（節(jié)選）"SafetyTechnicalRegulationsfortheUseofConstructionMachinery"

JGJ33-2012(excerpt)解讀：本條為強(qiáng)